Clarity Of Communication Research Articles

Consumer attitudes towards egg production systems and hen welfare across the world

Concurrent with the growth of the human population, global egg production has experienced exponential increase in the last 50 years. This exponential growth has been made possible through the refinement of intensive egg production systems, predominately, conventional cages. The significant amount of liberties conventional cages withhold from hens has also formed the basis of growing challenge to the industry in many countries, with some major regions such as the European Union making sweeping regulatory reform. These reforms were driven by well-organised animal advocacy groups, fuelled by aligning consumer attitudes and behaviours. In the absence of concerted hen welfare advocacy and cage-free movement in much of the rest of the world, it is difficult to know what consumer attitudes and knowledge may exist outside the European Union. This study aimed to contribute to this knowledge by surveying 4,292 members of the public at random across 14 geographically and culturally diverse countries (Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, China, India, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Sudan, Thailand, UK and USA). The findings show that most participants across all countries eat eggs, most state that it matters to them that hens do not suffer in the process of producing the eggs they eat, and importantly, a majority of participants in most countries (except Nigeria) would prefer (to varying degrees) to purchase eggs from hens not kept in cages. Participant knowledge of the dominant system of egg production in their country varied greatly, with frequent uncertainty. This suggests a need for clarity and consistency in communication to consumers during campaigns, in order to mitigate confusion. Most importantly, although these similarities existed across the countries, important regional differences were also present. This underscores the importance of understanding animal and agricultural issues by geopolitical region, and of locally tailoring strategy. The findings of this research will be of strategic use to egg producers and animal welfare advocates alike in understanding and appropriately catering to consumers in the future.

Effects of Academic Self-Efficacy, Communication Clarity, Communication Confidence, and Self-Determination Learning Motivation on Clinical Competence of Nursing Students in the COVID-19 Pandemic Situation: Changes in teaching methods due to the COVID-19 situation

Objectives The purpose of this study is to understand the effects of academic self-efficacy, communication clarity, communication confidence, and self-determination learning motivation on clinical competence of nursing students in the COVID-19 pandemic situation.
 Methods From May 2-24, 2021, this study surveyed total 224 students enrolled in the Department of Nursing Science in three universities through the convenience sampling method. Using the IBM SPSS 25.0 Statistical Program for data analysis, total five variables were analyzed by using the descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression.
 Results The clinical competence of research subjects was higher than the moderate level, and in the score of each area, the nursing technique and interpersonal relationship/communication were the highest. The clinical competence according to the general characteristics showed statistically significant differences according to the clinical performance satisfaction, matter of receiving the practice of adult healthy nursing, major satisfaction, clinical practice satisfaction, and academic achievement. The academic self-efficacy, communication clarity, communication confidence, and self-determination learning motivation had positive correlations with clinical competence. The clinical practice satisfaction, academic self-efficacy, communication clarity, and communication confidence had effects on clinical competence.
 Conclusions In order to increase the clinical competence of nursing students in the limited environment under the COVID-19 pandemic situation, it would be necessary to enhance the academic self-efficacy, and also to improve the communication clarity and confidence required in field. To improve such elements, it would be also needed to develop/apply the systematic simulation practice program similar to intramural practice and clinical situation.

Maximizing Small‐Group Reading Instruction

AbstractIn this article, the authors revisit the common practice of small‐group reading instruction. They challenge the idea of grouping readers based on text levels and instead review supplemental intervention group research that suggests targeted skill practice as a more optimal use of time in small groups. They then present the ABCs—a focus on assessment, basics & books, and clarity in communication—as the central principles that should guide how we instruct reading in small groups.

Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan di Kecamatan Padang Bolak

Sub-district Musrenbang is a forum for deliberation among stakeholders to discuss and agree on steps for handling priority activity programs listed in the Proposed List of Sub-District Development Activity Plans that are integrated with district/city development priorities in the District. The purpose of this paper is to analyze Community Participation and its constraints in Community Participation in the Development Planning Musrenbang in Padang Bolak District. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques to be carried out on data sources. Data collection in this research is using primary data and secondary data. The results showed that the Musrebang in Padang Bolak District, North Padang Lawas Regency has been carried out every year. However, in its implementation, the presence and participation of the community is still considered very lacking. Furthermore, there was a feeling of disappointment expressed by the community over the implementation of the District Musrenbang. The level of community participation in the District Musrenbang is very low, so the activities of holding the District Musrenbang in Padang Bolak are only a formality. Obstacles in the implementation of the District Musrenbang in Padang Bolak are the lack of clarity in communication and socialization related to the Musrenbang, inadequate human resources, limited budget and authority, and the lack of incentives for Musrenbang organizers.

Cancer services patient experience in England: quantitative and qualitative analyses of the National Cancer Patient Experience Survey

ObjectivesTo examine patients’ responses to the English National Cancer Patient Experience Survey to understand what proportions of patients give positive and negative feedback, and to identify themes in responses which...

Older persons experiences of healthcare in rural Burkina Faso: Results of a cross sectional household survey.

Ensuring responsive healthcare which meets patient expectations and generates trust is important to increase rates of access and retention. This need is important for aging populations where non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a growing cause of morbidity and mortality. We performed a cross-sectional household survey including socio-demographic; morbidities; and patient-reported health system utilization, responsiveness, and quality outcomes in individuals 40 and older in northwestern Burkina Faso. We describe results and use exploratory factor analysis to derive a contextually appropriate grouping of health system responsiveness (HSR) variables. We used linear or logistic regression to explore associations between socio-demographics, morbidities, and the grouped-variable, then between these variables and health system quality outcomes. Of 2,639 eligible respondents, 26.8% had least one NCD, 56.3% were frail or pre-frail and 23.9% had a recent healthcare visit, including only 1/3 of those with an NCD. Highest ratings of care experience (excellent/very good) included ease of following instructions (86.1%) and trust in provider skills (81.1%). The HSR grouping with the greatest factor loading included involvement in decision-making, clarity in communication, trust in the provider, and confidence in providers' skills, labelled Shared Understanding and Decision Making (SUDM). In multivariable analysis, higher quality of life (OR 1.02,95%CI 1.01-1.04), frailty (OR 1.47,95%CI 1.00-2.16), and SUDM (OR 1.06,95%CI 1.05-1.09) were associated with greater health system trust and confidence. SUDM was associated with overall positive assessment of the healthcare system (OR 1.02,95%CI 1.01-1.03) and met healthcare needs (OR 1.09,95%CI 1.08-1.11). Younger age and highest wealth quintile were also associated with higher met needs. Recent healthcare access was low for people with existing NCDs, and SUDM was the most consistent factor associated with higher health system quality outcomes. Results highlight the need to increase continuity of care for aging populations with NCDs and explore strengthening SUDM to achieve this goal.

시뮬레이션 기반의 SBAR 의사소통 교육을 받은 간호대학생의 의사소통명확성, 의사소통자신감, 의사소통능력

This study was attempted to identify the differences in communication clarity, communication confidence, and communication skills of nursing students who received simulation-based SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation) communication education. To provide basic data for systematic SBAR communication education to improve communication competency of nursing students. We used fever care scenario of urinary tract infection for infant childhood and dyspnea care scenario of pneumonia for early childhood. This is a single-group pre- and post-experimental design study. This study was conducted on 85 fourth-grade students who took simulation practice courses enrolled in the nursing department of one university located in B city. The data were collected from September 3 to December 6, 2021, using a self-report questionnaire before and after simulation practice. For data analysis, using SPSS/WIN 24.0 program, Communication clarity, communication confidence, and communication skills of nursing students were analyzed with the mean and standard deviation, and differences in communication clarity, communication confidence, and communication skills before and after SBAR communication education were analyzed using t-test. As a result of the study, communication clarity averaged 3.91±0.70 points before education and 4.37±0.66 points after education, and communication confidence averaged 7.56±1.42 points before education and 8.19±1.48 points after education. Communication skills averaged 3.96±0.44 points before education and 4.12±0.44 points after education. Communication clarity before and after SBAR communication education based on simulation (t=-4.37, p<.001), communicator confidence (t=-2.83, p=.005), communication skills (t=-2.46, p=.015) showed a statistically significant difference. Based on the results of this study, it will be necessary for nursing universities, which are prospective nurses, to actively use the SBAR communication format in various subjects from the lower grades for systematic education on communication.

Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health and future orientation among young adult asylum seekers in Italy: A mixed-methods study.

The COVID-19 outbreak caused a worldwide health emergency which disproportionately affected migrants and ethnic minorities. Yet, little is known about the psychosocial effects of the pandemic among refugees and asylum seekers. This study used a convergent parallel mixed-method design to explore knowledge and opinions concerning COVID-19 and the impact of lockdown on perceived mental health and future orientation among 42 young adult asylum seekers residing in northeastern Italy. Participants took part in individual interviews comprising both qualitative and quantitative questions. Qualitative reports were analyzed using thematic content analysis, whereas descriptive statistics and paired sample t-tests were computed on quantitative data. Results indicated that most participants were correctly informed about the nature, origin, and spread of COVID-19, expressed moderate or high satisfaction concerning the clarity of communication about safety measures, and followed them most of the time. Worries about family in the home country, loneliness, fear for own and loved ones’ health, and concerns about delays in the asylum application were the most frequently mentioned stressful events. Psychological and physical distress significantly increased, and positive future orientation significantly decreased during the lockdown. However, participants also emphasized the usefulness of instrumental support from social workers and exhibited a resilient attitude characterized by the acceptance of uncertainty, sense of connectedness, and positive outlook. Overall, findings suggest that the current emergency may exacerbate psychological vulnerabilities of asylum seekers due to continued existential uncertainty. Thus, individual and contextual assets should be strengthened to promote psychosocial adjustment and coping resources in the context of the pandemic.

Evaluation of an Inpatient Psychiatric Mother-Baby Unit Using a Patient Reported Experience and Outcome Measure.

Understanding the patient experience of admission to a psychiatric mother-baby unit (MBU) informs service improvement and strengthens patient-centered care. This study aims to examine patients’ experience, satisfaction, and change in mental health status related to MBU admission. At discharge, 70 women admitted to a public MBU completed the Patient Outcome and Experience Measure (POEM), rated the usefulness of therapeutic groups, and provided written qualitative feedback. Paired sample t-tests, correlations, and thematic content analysis were completed. Women were highly satisfied with the level of care and support received, particularly for those who were voluntarily admitted. Women reported an improvement in mental health from admission to discharge. Women appreciated the staff’s interpersonal skills, provision of practical skills, education, advice, support from other women, and therapeutic groups offered. Women suggested improvements such as having greater food choices, more MBU beds, more group sessions, family visitations, which had been restricted due to COVID-19, environmental modifications, and clarity of communication surrounding discharge. This study highlights the benefits of MBUs and the specific aspects of care that are favorable in treating women with mental illnesses who are co-admitted with their baby in an MBU.

Factors Influencing Adherence to Antipsychotic Medications in Women with Delusional Disorder: A Narrative Review.

Adherence to medication regimens is of great importance in psychiatry because drugs sometimes need to be taken for long durations in order to maintain health and function. This study aimed to review influences on adherence to antipsychotic medications, the treatment of choice for the delusional disorder (DD), and to focus on adherence in women with DD. This is a non-systematic narrative review of papers published since 2000 using PubMed and Google Scholar, focusing on women with DD and medication adherence. Several factors have been identified as exerting influence on adherence in women with persistent delusional symptoms who are treated with antipsychotics. Personality features, intensity of delusion, perception of adverse effects, and cognitive impairment are patient factors. Clinical time spent with the patient, clarity of communication, and regular drug monitoring are responsibilities of the health provider. Factors that neither patient nor clinician can control are the social determinants of health, such as poverty, easy access to healthcare, and cultural variables. There has been little investigation of factors that influence adherence in the target population, e.g., women with DD. Preliminary results of this literature search indicate that solutions from outside the field of DD may apply to this population. Overall, a solid therapeutic alliance appears to be the best hedge against nonadherence.

An In Situ Mock Code Program in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: A Multimodal Nurse-Led Quality Improvement Initiative.

Lifesaving resuscitation is required for approximately 1 in 100 patients in the pediatric intensive care unit. Certification renewal alone is insufficient to guarantee adequate knowledge, skills, and confidence among staff members involved in infrequent resuscitation events. Knowledge and skill gaps were identified in pediatric intensive care unit staff members involved in patient resuscitation events. The primary aim of this quality improvement project was to optimize patient resuscitations through improved staff performance and coordination between interdisciplinary roles. A multidisciplinary committee was created to develop, implement, and evaluate a mock code program. Surveys were administered before and after the intervention to assess self-perceived resuscitation performance and program effectiveness. Code sheets were analyzed for documentation quality and adherence to pediatric advanced life support guidelines. The committee used a multimodal approach to education, including high-and low-fidelity in situ mock code simulations and supplemental educational events. From September 2018 through January 2020, the committee conducted 65 events for almost 500 participants. Nurses' levels of self-reported confidence in initiating pediatric advanced life support interventions and identifying cardiac rhythms increased, as did perceived level of competence and knowledge. Most unit staff members considered the mock code program to be "very to extremely effective" in increasing resuscitation competence, confidence, communication, teamwork, and role clarity. Adherence to recommended resuscitation behaviors improved, as did code sheet documentation quality. An in situ mock code program using a multimodal approach to education can be a successful educational adjunct to biennial pediatric advanced life support certification.

Patient Satisfaction and Its Predictors in the General Hospitals of Southwest Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Survey

Background: Patient satisfaction occupies a central position in measuring the quality of care as it provides information on the provider's success, meeting the patient’s values and expectations. Hence, it is an essential tool for assessing health services outcomes. This study aimed to assess patients' satisfaction level and factors influencing healthcare quality of general hospitals in the Jazan region, Saudi Arabia (SA).
 Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 423 patients selected through stratified random sampling from general hospitals of the Jazan region.
 Results: The overall satisfaction rate among the study participants was 80.9%. Satisfaction with food services was the highest (91.15%) followed by doctor services (81.0%), reception and entry procedures (80%), and nursing services (78.15%). The various aspects of satisfaction with doctors and nurses included the treatment prescribed by physicians, clarity in communication with patients, compassion and providing clear explanation of what they were doing. However, about 27.3% of the patients were dissatisfied with the length of waiting period before seeing a doctor. Binary logistic regression analysis suggested that uneducated patients and patients with secondary school education were more likely to have higher satisfaction level than university-educated patients (OR = 3.40, 95% C.I. [1.56–7.45], p = 0.002), (OR = 2.66, 95% C.I. [1.28–5.55], p = 0.009), and (OR = 2.29, 95% C.I. [1.40–3.73], p = 0.001), respectively.
 Conclusion: The health services satisfaction level was high in the Jazan population. However, some aspects of dissatisfaction were reported, such as the long waiting period before seeing a doctor. These aspects are recommended to be improved to ensure that the services provided by general hospitals are of high quality.

Predictors of adherence to public health behaviors for fighting COVID-19 derived from longitudinal data

The present paper examines longitudinally how subjective perceptions about COVID-19, one’s community, and the government predict adherence to public health measures to reduce the spread of the virus. Using an international survey (N = 3040), we test how infection risk perception, trust in the governmental response and communications about COVID-19, conspiracy beliefs, social norms on distancing, tightness of culture, and community punishment predict various containment-related attitudes and behavior. Autoregressive analyses indicate that, at the personal level, personal hygiene behavior was predicted by personal infection risk perception. At social level, social distancing behaviors such as abstaining from face-to-face contact were predicted by perceived social norms. Support for behavioral mandates was predicted by confidence in the government and cultural tightness, whereas support for anti-lockdown protests was predicted by (lower) perceived clarity of communication about the virus. Results are discussed in light of policy implications and creating effective interventions.

Interpersonal scripts and sexual communication: experiences and perspectives of young people in St. Petersburg, Russia

In Russia, young adults face many barriers that prevent them from accessing reliable and up-to-date knowledge about what sexual communication between partners can look like. This may lead to episodes of sexual miscommunication, which in turn sometimes result in sexual aggression. The study aimed to identify how following prevalent sexual scripts facilitates clear sexual communication or alternatives leads to miscommunication between Russian young adults. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with 14 women and 11 men aged 19-25 years living in St. Petersburg (Russia) who had had at least one sexual partner of the opposite sex. Data were analysed thematically. Four themes were developed from the interviews: (1) endorsing (or not endorsing) traditional sexual scripts, (2) the presence or absence of sexual compliance, (3) softening refusal of sexual contact or intercourse, (4) the belief that asking for consent is unusual. Findings indicate that patterns and clarity of sexual communication differ depending on the type of relationship (serious, casual, and other), its stage, and partners’ beliefs. Study findings underscore the need for sex and sexuality education for young people in Russia.

The Challenges Faced by Korean Social Workers at the Community Welfare Centres for People with Disabilities during COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract This study was intended to explore the experiences of social workers in Community Welfare Centres for People with Disabilities (CWCPDs) to understand their practices and challenges during COVID-19. It considered the essential role that CWCPD social workers play in responding to ‘new normal’ settings. Zoom interviews were conducted with twenty supervisory and manager-level social workers of CWCPDs nationwide. This study showed the unexpected cross-regional nature of risks and burdens. The high level of uncertainty and complexity allowed for the centres to operate safely under the COVID-19 legislation and for them to change and deliver alternative service provisions. Social workers had to develop new ways to deal with unprecedented risks, challenges, and dilemmas within ‘the new normal’. COVID-19 means that centres must recalibrate their relationships with service users, communities and the government. CWCPDs need to change their service provision model from a large group-centred to a person-centred model to meet individual demands. Changes are needed in terms of clarity of communication, the application of step-by-step guidelines to service provisions and a shift away from an exclusive focus on quantitative performance needs in how centres are evaluated. In all these processes, both close cooperation and support from local authorities are needed.

Recommended Musculoskeletal and Sports Ultrasound Terminology: A Delphi-Based Consensus Statement.

The current lack of agreement regarding standardized terminology in musculoskeletal and sports ultrasound presents challenges in education, clinical practice, and research. This consensus was developed to provide a reference to improve clarity and consistency in communication. A multidisciplinary expert panel was convened consisting of 18 members representing multiple specialty societies identified as key stakeholders in musculoskeletal and sports ultrasound. A Delphi process was used to reach consensus which was defined as group level agreement >80%. Content was organized into seven general topics including: 1) General Definitions, 2) Equipment and Transducer Manipulation, 3) Anatomic and Descriptive Terminology, 4) Pathology, 5) Procedural Terminology, 6) Image Labeling, and 7) Documentation. Terms and definitions which reached consensus agreement are presented herein. The historic use of multiple similar terms in the absence of precise definitions has led to confusion when conveying information between colleagues, patients, and third-party payers. This multidisciplinary expert consensus addresses multiple areas of variability in diagnostic ultrasound imaging and ultrasound-guided procedures related to musculoskeletal and sports medicine.

Effects of Simulation-based SBAR Education Program on Communication Clarity and Communication Self-Confidence in Nursing Students

Effects of Simulation-based SBAR Education Program on Communication Clarity and Communication Self-Confidence in Nursing Students

Improving Medication Safety in Pharmacist-Patient Interactions: Making A Case for the Use of Communication Accommodation Strategies

Effective communication between pharmacist and patient is crucial in ensuring medication safety as it enhances the patient's knowledge and understanding of their medication and increases their adherence. Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) postulates that the speaker’s adjustments in communicative behavior to accommodate the interlocutor’s needs and capabilities enhance understanding and improves communicative effectiveness. The pharmacist’s use of accommodation strategies may increase the clarity and comprehensibility of the information provided and lead to improvements in medication safety. The study examines the pharmacist’s use of accommodation strategies in their interactions with patients at a public hospital in Malaysia. A detailed turn-by-turn analysis revealed the pharmacists’ use of accommodation strategies such as avoiding medical abbreviations, avoiding medical jargon, clarifying medication indication, providing explanation, and repetition. These strategies increased communicative clarity and contributed to enhance patient understanding of their medication. Pharmacists must pay heed to their language choices and adjust their communicative behaviors to align with the patient's capability for understanding.

A thematic exploration of three countries’ government communication during the COVID-19 crisis and corresponding media coverage

ABSTRACT This study adds to the current literature on crisis communication by exploring differences in COVID-19 governmental crisis communication and variances in the media coverage of that communication through thematic quantitative content analysis across three countries: New Zealand, The United States and The United Kingdom. Specifically, this research seeks to find the extent to which media ideology plays a role in reporting health crises. Results demonstrated that universally, press conferences were based on scientific advice and relied upon symbols that contributed to the clarity of health communication about COVID-19. Conversely, media coverage stressed economic challenges overall, but conservative newspapers focused more on health and the economy, whereas liberal newspapers leaned more towards politics. These findings demonstrate that even in major health crises, the ideologies of newspapers can play an important role in the framing of information.

Language Discordance and Telephone Interpretation Complicates Pain Neuroscience Education in Physical Therapy Management of a Patient with Acute Low Back Pain

Purpose: Pain neuroscience education (PNE) is an intervention used for musculoskeletal pain to improve understanding of pain processes; PNE can decrease pain levels, improve function, and lower disability. Clear communication between the patient and provider is important for PNE to be an effective intervention. There is a lack of research on how a language discordance may impact that communication, and therefore the effectiveness of PNE. Purposes: 1) describe the physical therapist management of a Spanish speaking patient with acute low back pain (LBP) while using an off-site telephone interpreting service and 2) examine how PNE treatment was impacted by a language discordance. Methods: A female in her early 40’s presented with LBP two months after a motor vehicle accident. A systems review revealed comorbidities of class 1 obesity and prediabetes and a language discordance between the provider and patient, necessitating the use of a telephone interpreter. While acute LBP is usually self-limiting, the language discordance and comorbidities were expected to negatively impact her functional prognosis. Intervention included PNE, strengthening, directional preference exercises, graded exposure, and body mechanics training. Results: Within 5 weeks, the patient’s self-perceived disability as reported by the Spanish translated and culturally adapted Oswestry Disability Index, thoracolumbo-pelvic hip range of motion, and perceived levels of pain improved significantly. Conclusion: The link between clarity of communication while utilizing PNE and patient comprehension, outcomes, and satisfaction is unclear. While more time consuming, PNE delivered via translations services appears to be an effective physical therapy intervention. However, further research is needed and it is important for physical therapy providers to consider how language discordance could impact the effectiveness of PNE.