Clarity Of Communication Research Articles

Pengaruh Komunikasi dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Mitra Butterindojaya

The research was conducted at PT Mitra Butterindo Jaya as the object of the research. PT. Mitra Butterindo Jaya is a company engaged in the distribution of cake ingredients. For this study, researchers only took special research employees at the Medan head office in charge of the sales of PT. Mitra Butterindo Jaya. In interviews and preliminary research observations, there were problems with poor employee performance, such as the number of employees who did not complete their tasks on time, decreased employee accuracy in carrying out their duties and responsibilities within the company and difficulties in cooperation between employees. This also resulted in a decrease in sales experienced by the company. The problem with communication problems is the clarity of communication between employees that has not been going well, the communication that is carried out is often not correct in conveying language and the flow of communication that is carried out is still often an error. This results in frequent errors in carrying out work. The total population of 80 people and 30 people were taken from other companies for validity and reliability testing. Theories used to support research are human resource management theories related to discipline, work stress and compensation for performance. The research method used is a quantitative approach with quantitative descriptive research type. Methods of data collection by interview, distribution of questionnaires and documentation study. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression, coefficient of determination and simultaneous testing (F-test) (72,231> 3,12) with value and partially (t-test) (6,730> 1,991) and (2,163> 1,991). The results showed that communication and work discipline simultaneously and partially had a significant positive effect on employee performance with a determination coefficient of 64.3% which affected employee performance variables.

Adiekcje we współczesnych polskich przekładach Listu do Filemona


 
 
 A broadly understood concept of adjection used in rhetoric comprises various types of verbal and content references. This figure of speech plays an important role in the texts of the Holy Scripture as it shapes the literary construction of the world portrayed by the hagiographers and in consequence bears an impact on the message that they convey. New Bible translations into Polish usually focus on the communicative clarity of the vocabulary chosen, and are less frequently concerned with harmonizing the different levels of the text. The present paper compares eight contemporary Polish translations of the Letter to Philemon together with accompanying commentaries. Among other things, attention is drawn to such elements as the deployment of the etymology of the name Onesi- mus and its connection with the word Christos, the recurrence of the concept of “good”, emphasis on or omission of the connotations of the theme of fight. The interpretations of verses 1, 9, 10 and 14 are set apart since contain metaphors or metonymy. Respect for or reduction of the semantic function of the anaphora and epiphora is examined. The translators of the Letter to Philemon, com- pared to the translators of other books of the Bible, showed greater appreciation, though in varying degrees, of the meaning-formation value of adjection. Perhaps this is due to the shortness of this piece of writing by St. Paul, as fewer textual elements are easier to harmonize.
 
 

Targeting Knife-Enabled Homicides for Preventive Policing: A Stratified Resource Allocation Model

Research QuestionHow can police translate differing risk levels for knife homicide into a resource allocation model that follows the evidence?DataThe data for this publication are taken from the open access tables published in this journal by Massey et al. Cambridge Journal of Evidence-Based Policing, 3:1-20, (2019). Those data show the linear relationship between the number of non-fatal knife assaults in a lower super output area (LSOA) in 1 year and the risk of a knife-enable homicide in the subsequent year, as well as how many of the 4835 LSOAs fell into each of five levels of increasing homicide risk.MethodsThe data from Massey’s research are re-calculated to show how a hypothetical number of 15-min police patrols could be allocated across all areas on the basis of a combination of knife-enabled (KE) homicide risk level and the volume of LSOAs at each of the five levels of knife homicide risk. We display these results using both tables and multi-layered “wedding cake” images to show the size of different dimensions of each level, including proportion of total homicides and directed patrol frequency per LSOA at each of the five risk levels.FindingsBased on the hypothetical allocation of 10,000 patrol visits of 15 min in length, the highest risk group, with a forecasted 6% of all KE homicides, would receive 600 police patrols, divided by the 41 LSOAs at that risk level = 15 patrols across every 10 days. At the lowest level of risk, the 2787 LSOAs would share the 3000 patrols that a group of LSOAs would recieve for having 30% of homicides, which equals 1.1 patrols every 10 days. The hypothetical premise is that every LSOA gets some patrol, but the highest risk areas get 15 times more patrol to follow the evidence of risk. The formula is to (1) allocate resources by proportion of homicide at each risk level; (2) divide the allocated resources by the number of areas in each risk level group; and (3) allocate the resulting resources per day to each area in each of the 5 levels.ConclusionPolice face difficult tradeoffs between targeting more policing to fewer areas of higher risk (with more efficiency) or to more areas of lower risk (with more effectiveness). The use of a formula combining risk and volume can help guide such decisions, illustrated by a layered “wedding cake” visualization for gaining clarity and legitimacy in communications.

SEA DEFENSE STRATEGY AND URGENCY OF FORMING MARITIME COMMAND CENTER

<p><em>Adagium Si Vis Pacem Para Bellum</em>, which means who wants peace, prepare for war. Faced with the dynamics of the global and regional strategic environment affecting the defense system that must be prepared by Indonesia. China's aggressive action in the Natuna Sea is one proof that defense in the Indonesian sea is still a serious concern that must be addressed. The aim of this study is to find the best sea defense strategy, to secure the New Capital, especially in the sea area. The study was carried out in the sea area which is the responsibility of the Makassar Navy Base VI. This study uses George Edward III's public policy implementation theory, qualitative descriptive is the method used with the phenomenological approach. The results of this study show that the implementation of the transmission subfactor, communication is only limited to the internal communication of each law enforcement entity, there is no integrated operational-tactical operational nature. The implementation of the communication clarity sub-factor between law enforcement entities is also not yet optimal, due to the limited facilities and other facilities, especially related to the problem of operational-tactical communication equipment. While the implementation of the communication consistency subfactor, the existence of regulations on each entity as the operational basis at sea, makes the bureaucratic procedures ineffective and inefficient. In conclusion, the communication factor between law enforcement entities must be a priority, so that performance can be optimally effective and efficient, integrated hardware, software, and brainware must be built. An entity that can act as the main controller that can coordinate all entities related to law enforcement at sea, and see the results of research related to the entity that has the greatest potential as a controller of sea security in the Makassar region, the researchers recommend the Navy as the Command Center.</p>

The Effect of Simulation Training applying SBAR for Nursing Students on Communication Clarity, Self-Confidence in Communication, and Clinical Decision-Making Ability

The Effect of Simulation Training applying SBAR for Nursing Students on Communication Clarity, Self-Confidence in Communication, and Clinical Decision-Making Ability

Students’ Perceptions of Online Teaching: Student-Centered Success Factors

The perceptions of what constitutes quality learning for undergraduate business management students have been little studied despite the widespread use of online classes in business programs. Using survey data and focus group comments from undergraduate management students, the current study aims to 1) explore the factors affecting student’s perception of quality online education, 2) discuss the relative importance of the factors, and 3) summarize recommendations from students’ perspective. Exploratory factor analysis identifies seven distinct, coherent, and significant areas in terms of student perceptions of quality. They are: basic online modality (e.g., online gradebook), teaching presence (e.g., customized feedback), instructional design (clarity of structure and communication), cognitive presence (e.g., intellectual stimulation), social or student-to-student presence, online social comfort (comfort interacting online), and interactive online modality (e.g., videoconferencing and small groups). Out of seven factors, the factors that matter most for effective online learning are basic technological and teaching elements (i.e., basic online modality, instructional design, and teaching presence). Lastly, recommendations from students revealed that instructor training and motivation are critical to students’ online learning experience. The data was collected from students at a single university; thus, the results might be affected by single source bias. The study answered the call for more comprehensive measures of student learning.

A Seat at the Table: Supporting Persons with Severe Dementia in Communicating Their Preferences

ABSTRACT Objective: Persons with severe dementia are less likely to have a role in preference assessment due to communication challenges associated with the disease. Research is limited on how to support preference communication while using existing preference assessment tools (e.g., the Minimum Data Set 3.0). Methods: This study examined the effect of two assessment conditions (standard verbal; visual-and-text supported;) on residents’ (N = 21) social and leisure preference consistency over 1-week and utterance types (acknowledgment, elaboration, off-topic, request for clarification) in response to preference questions. Residents with severe dementia were recruited from four nursing homes (n = 11) and three assisted living facilities (n = 10). As a preliminary measure of provider acceptability and social validity, a sample of 10 naïve judges (University students) listened to the interviews and rated residents’ communication clarity and their confidence with understanding residents’ preferences. Results: Neither assessment condition promoted significantly greater levels of consistency (i.e., the same preference rating at Time 1 and Time 2). Residents expressed significantly fewer requests for clarification in the visual-and-text supported condition. Naïve judges rated residents’ communication positively, with no significant differences between conditions. Conclusions: This study addresses a gap in current research and holds important implications for enhancing care planning participation by residents with severe dementia. Clinical Implications: Residents with severe dementia can successfully participate in activity preference discussions without proxy participation. Residents may comprehend interview questions better when provided in a supported format.

Communication is Key: State-level Organizational Correlates of Readiness for Evidence-based Programming within the Cooperative Extension System

The necessity to implement evidence-based programs to support the healthy development of youth and families is becoming part of national policy. Organizations that are not “ready” to do so will likely lose resources, disallowing them to serve as they have set out to do. Consequently, the current survey study draws from a national sample of Cooperative Extension personnel in 2009 to examine characteristics within their organizational context that facilitate successful change related to youth/family programming. Data were collected from 946 4-H/youth development or Family and Consumer Sciences employees at all levels. Self-reported indices of each state organization’s openness to change, leadership, morale, communication, and resources were constructed to assess the organizational context. Dependent variables included indicators of readiness to implement prevention and evidence-based programming. Results suggest that the organizational context was strongly associated with indicators of readiness for evidence-based prevention programming, and specifically, the clarity of communication was most important.

Judgments about sexual assault vary depending on whether an affirmative consent policy or a “no means no” policy is applied

PurposeAffirmative consent (AC) policies require potential sexual partners to clearly and positively confirm that they want to engage in sexual behavior – in contrast to standard “no means no” policies, which typically define consent through resistance. AC policies might not be effective because they do not align well with typical scripts of how consent is given in practice. This study aims to compare participants’ judgments as to what constitutes sexual assault, using either an AC policy or a standard “no means no” policy.Design/methodology/approachParticipants read 16 scenarios depicting various male-female sexual encounters and applied either an AC or a standard “no means no” policy to determine whether the encounter was consensual.FindingsWhen an AC policy was used, participants were more likely to judge the scenario as sexual assault. Aspects of the scenario (which reflect AC policy criteria), such as the type of communication (verbal or nonverbal), clarity of communication (clear or unclear) and resistance (high or low) also affected judgments of the scenario. Relationship type (stranger vs acquaintance) did not affect judgments. Students were more likely to perceive the scenarios as sexual assault than community members; they also perceived differences between scenarios based on verbal communication and clarity more than community members. Finally, there was no main effect of participant gender, however, men perceived differences between scenarios based on verbal communication type, whereas women did not.Research limitations/implicationsFindings indicate that participants are generally able to apply AC policies correctly, even though AC criteria do not generally align with common sexual scripts.Originality/valueThis is the first study known to test whether decision-makers can properly apply criteria outlined in AC policies and whether the application of these policies affect decisions-makers judgments as to whether a sexual encounter is consensual or assault.

Effects of communication clarity and communication confidence on handoff education program using SBAR-based cardiopulmonary resuscitation records of Nursing Students

Effects of communication clarity and communication confidence on handoff education program using SBAR-based cardiopulmonary resuscitation records of Nursing Students

The relationship between interprofessional education experience and perceptions, values, and attitudes towards interprofessional collaboration in dietetics practice

Abstract Interprofessional education (IPE) is associated with improved perceptions, values, and attitudes towards interprofessional (IP) collaboration, and therefore benefits patients, practitioners, and the health care system. However, little is known about how IPE translates into practice once students graduate and begin working in the field. This study examined if previous IPE experience impacts practicing Registered Dietitian Nutritionists' confidence to identify IP competencies, value of IP collaboration, attitudes towards teamwork, IP communication, and role clarity. Data were collected via electronic survey and consisted of questions about demographics, workplace characteristics, the impact of IPE, and IP collaboration concepts. The study sample consisted of graduates of a combined dietetic internship and Master's program, half of which participated in IP team seminars (IPTS) at the university. Means among the group without IPTS experience were higher for confidence to identify IPE competencies, value of IP collaboration, IP communication, and role clarity sections. The group with previous undergraduate IPE had higher means for all IP sections, with significantly higher means in the confidence to identify IPE competencies section (p-value = 0.09). A positive significant relationship was found between a physical space for IP collaboration and positive attitudes towards teamwork (p-value = 0.048). Overall, this study found participation in IPTS did not significantly improve perceptions, values, and attitudes towards IP collaboration among practicing dietitians.

Development and Evaluation of an SBAR-based Fall Simulation Program for Nursing Students

The purpose of this study was to develop an Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation (SBAR) fall simulation program for Korean nursing students and to evaluate its effectiveness. This study used a single-blind randomized control pretest-posttest design. The 54 nursing students in their third semester at a college in Korea were selected through convenience sampling (SBAR group 26, handoff group 28). The SBAR-based program was provided to the experimental group, while the general handoff-based program was given to the control group. The program was designed for a total of three sessions each and no more than 120minutes each. Measurement variables included the knowledge, skill, attitude, communication ability, and its clarity related to falls. The data were analyzed with x2 test, t test, and repeated measures of ANOVA using the SPSS 18.0 program. The SBAR group showed the improved fall-related skill and communication clarity compared with the handoff group. There was a significant difference in the fall-related knowledge only in a time-dependent manner before and after intervention, while there was no statistically significant difference in the attitude and communication ability related to falls. SBAR-based simulation program revealed positive results in terms of patient safety of nursing college students compared with the general handoff-based method. Therefore, the SBAR-based simulation program is expected to be used as an educational intervention for nursing students not only to improve abilities in reporting and communication but to prevent or handle patient safety accidents efficiently.

Systems change in UK HEIs: how do culture, management, users and systems align?

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to assess the implementation of integrated information systems in UK higher education institutions (HEIs) via multiple internal stakeholders.Design/methodology/approachThe approach analyses the implementation strategy of two HEIs and assesses the impact of new systems on working practices. This involves interviews with various stakeholder groups from the HEIs, capturing 35 interviews.FindingsResults indicate that growth of alternative power bases emerge within both HEIs, as well as new roles and responsibilities for administrative staff, and different working practices for academics. Varying levels of importance are given to people and culture, management support, user involvement and clarity of communication and systems' requirements at project pre-implementation, implementation and post-implementation stages.Practical implicationsThis study provides lessons of HEIs planning to undertake significant change by implementing integrated information systems. Challenges emerge around fit, complexity, training, communication and consultation. Benefits gained and emerging challenges show some commonality between the two case HEIs, pointing the way forward for other “large” (student number determined) HEIs embarking on similar change.Originality/valueThe UK HEI sector is experiencing major change emphasising cost reduction and operational efficiency. Understanding challenges relating to significant systems change in complex settings with varying stakeholder demands has considerable sectoral value.

Critical analysis of organizational change process: evidences from a steel company

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the main factors that influence the organizational change in a steel company.Design/methodology/approachThe methodological procedures used were literature review and survey. The literature review allowed the listing of 24 factors and these factors were grouped into three constructs (Behavioral Aspects, Cultural Aspects and Management Aspects). The survey allowed the quantification of each factor based on information provided by employees who work in the mentioned company. The data collected were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling technique.FindingsFor the Behavioral Aspects, the following factors were validated: fear of the unknown; insecurity and anxiety; stress and feeling of suffering. For the Cultural Aspects the following factors were validated: multiculturalism in the company; low degree of risk acceptance and low performance acceptance; excessive concerns about consensus. Finally, for the Management Aspects, the following factors were validated: lack of clarity in communications; lack of alignment of goals; lack of leadership engagement.Originality/valueThe results are valuable for the company studied and for other managers interested in subject. The findings presented here can broaden the debate about this topic and contribute with professionals that wish to evaluate the mentioned factors.

How does integrated knowledge translation (IKT) compare to other collaborative research approaches to generating and translating knowledge? Learning from experts in the field

BackgroundResearch funders in Canada and abroad have made substantial investments in supporting collaborative research approaches to generating and translating knowledge as it is believed to increase knowledge use. Canadian health research funders have advocated for the use of integrated knowledge translation (IKT) in health research, however, there is limited research around how IKT compares to other collaborative research approaches. Our objective was to better understand how IKT compares with engaged scholarship, Mode 2 research, co-production and participatory research by identifying the differences and similarities among them in order to provide conceptual clarity and reduce researcher and knowledge user confusion about these common approaches.MethodsWe employed a qualitative descriptive method using interview data to better understand experts’ perspectives and experiences on collaborative research approaches. Participants’ responses were analysed through thematic analysis to elicit core themes. The analysis was centred around the concept of IKT, as it is the most recent approach; IKT was then compared and contrasted with engaged scholarship, Mode 2 research, co-production and participatory research. As this was an iterative process, data triangulation and member-checking were conducted with participants to ensure accuracy of the emergent themes and analysis process.ResultsDifferences were noted in the orientation (i.e. original purpose), historical roots (i.e. disciplinary origin) and partnership/engagement (i.e. role of partners etc.). Similarities among the approaches included (1) true partnerships rather than simple engagement, (2) focus on essential components and processes rather than labels, (3) collaborative research orientations rather than research methods, (4) core values and principles, and (5) extensive time and financial investment. Core values and principles among the approaches included co-creation, reciprocity, trust, fostering relationships, respect, co-learning, active participation, and shared decision-making in the generation and application of knowledge. All approaches require extensive time and financial investment to develop and maintain true partnerships.ConclusionsThis qualitative study is the first to systematically synthesise experts’ perspectives and experiences in a comparison of collaborative research approaches. This work contributes to developing a shared understanding of collaborative research approaches to facilitate conceptual clarity in use, reporting, indexing and communication among researchers, trainees, knowledge users and stakeholders to advance IKT and implementation science.

Conceptualising slow tourism: a perspective from Latvia

ABSTRACT Slow tourism is perceived as a new type of sustainable tourism and a promising alternative to mass tourism with which tourists, destination managers and tourism service providers are willing to engage. However, inconsistent interpretations impede the clarity of communication between tourism suppliers and consumers. This study re-examines the phenomenon of slow tourism to address this gap in the literature. The focus of the study is Latvia where slowness, until recently, was adopted in tourism branding. This qualitative study revealed that slow tourism is an approach to tourism underpinned by a slow mindset which enhances the core experiential aspect of the phenomenon within ethical boundaries. The environmental and economic aspects appear to be marginal and may fluctuate in intensity according to individuals’ perception. This study offers a theoretical perspective alongside some practical implications for slow tourism and enhances industry awareness of the phenomenon, satisfies consumers’ expectations and improves marketing communications.

Indonesian Navy as a Maritime Command Center Sea Defense Strategy

The plan in relocating the new capital of Indonesia in Kalimantan must also be accompanied by preparing a new optimal defense system to anticipate all forms of threats, especially from the sea. The purpose of this study is to find the best marine defense strategy, in order to secure the New Capital City. This study uses the theory of public policy implementation of George Edward III, with the subfactors of communication transmission, communication clarity and communication consistency. Method used in this research is phenomenology descriptive qualitative. The results oh the analysis and discussion show that in the transmission subfactor, communication is only limited to each internal law enforcement entity,which there are no tactical operational transmissions at sea. In communication clarity subfactor, the communication between law enforcement entities is also not optimal since the existence of law enforcement entities in Makassar waters is incomplete with the infrastructure as well as other facilities, especially related to the communication equipment issue. Meanwhile, in subfactor of communication consistency, the existence of regulations on each entity as the operational basis at sea requires an effective and efficient bureaucratic procedure. Therefore, the conclusion of this research is that there is a great interest associated with securing a new capital city in East Kalimantan. Communication among the law enforcement entities in Makassar sea region, especially those who is dealing with ALKI II Makassar must be a priority. In order to optimize the performance effectively and efficiently, hardware, software, and brainware must be integrated. Hardware is the physical equipment of communication infrastructure, software is a regulation which strengthens the integration of communication systems and brainware is the conditiioning of personnel from every law enforcement entity at sea that there are very important national interests as priorities above the interests of sectoral egos. Keywords: Sea Defense, Strategy, Communication DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/10-2-03 Publication date: February 29 th 2020

Forensic intelligence and the analytical process

AbstractA review was undertaken of the developments made with integrating forensic evidence into the analytical process to support police investigations. Evidence such as DNA, fingerprints, fibers, accelerants, tyre marks, and so forth, can support to differing degrees the various working theories or hypotheses about the nature of the alleged crime, the persons of interest and the modus operandi. Investigators however, either forensic or detective, bring various biases to evidence capture and analysis, biases which are better understood in the intelligence community. Structured analytical techniques have a long history in intelligence analysis, for example analysis of competing hypotheses, which serves several purposes: information sharing, clarity of communication, and to highlight the common forms of bias brought to bear in an investigation. We illustrate the representation of links based on traces and intelligence, and how these can be stored in databases permitting better “reasoning” with evidence. We also present some recommendations for integration of forensic intelligence into the investigative analytic process and review information systems in this area.This article is categorized under: Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Human Centricity and User Interaction Application Areas > Society and Culture Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Knowledge Representation

Leadership for success in transforming medical abortion policy in Canada.

Mifepristone was approved for use in medical abortion by Health Canada in 2015. Approval was accompanied by regulations that prohibited pharmacist dispensing of the medication. Reproductive health advocates in Canada recognized this regulation would limit access to medical abortion and successfully worked to have this regulation removed in 2017. The purpose of this study was to assess the leadership involved in changing these regulations so that the success may be replicated by other groups advocating for health policy change. This study involved a mixed methods instrumental design in the context of British Columbia, Canada. Our data collection included: a) interviews with seven key individuals, representing the organizations that worked in concert for change to Canadian mifepristone regulations, and b) document analysis of press articles, correspondence, briefing notes, and meeting minutes. We conducted a thematic analysis of transcripts of audio-recorded interviews. We identified strengths and weaknesses of the team dynamic using the Develop Coalitions, Achieve Results and Systems Transformation domains of the LEADS Framework. Our analysis of participant interviews indicates that autonomy, shared values, and clarity in communication were integral to the success of the group's work. Analysis using the LEADS Framework showed that individuals possessed many of the capabilities identified as being necessary for successful health policy leadership. A lack of post-project assessment was identified as a possible limitation and could be incorporated in future work to strengthen dynamics especially when a desired outcome is not achieved. Document analysis provided a clear time-line of the work completed and suggested that strong communication between team members was another key to success. The results of our analysis of the interviews and documents provide valuable insight into the workings of a successful group committed to a common goal. The existing collegial and trusting relationships between key stakeholders allowed for interdisciplinary collaboration, rapid mobilization, and identification of issues that facilitated successful Canadian global-first deregulation of mifepristone dispensing.

Effects on Nursing Student's Communication Clarity, communication Confidence, and Self-efficacy Following SBAR Program

Effects on Nursing Student's Communication Clarity, communication Confidence, and Self-efficacy Following SBAR Program