Civic Identification Research Articles

CIVIC IDENTIFICATION AND VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF THE POPULATION OF BORDER REGIONS OF RUSSIA

The complex social, political and economic processes make more acute the need to study the civic identification and values of the Russian population. Civic identification is a significant component lying in the basis for the formation of civil society. Its function is the creation of unity, common belonging to a single social "organism", the feeling of "we-ness", and the feeling of being part of the whole, the perception of other members of society not as "others" but as "our own" that contributes to the formation of mutual understanding, social solidarity, unity of tasks and interests of individuals and society as a whole. Russian civic identification today considered as a basic identification, along with ethnic, confessional and others. The focus of the article is the analysis of civic identification and value orientations of residents of the border regions of Russia. The results of the research conducted in 2019 in Altai Krai, Novosibirsk Oblast and Altai Republic (n=1418) are presented. According to the results, it has been revealed that some value differences have a pronounced economic determination. Thus, poor financial situation, lack of personal, physical and mental resources led to the formation of different value orientations. The formation of other value orientations, in particular, more oriented on the opportunity to realize their civil rights, to manifest civic activity. Citizens with a low level of economic well-being more often chose health as the main life value. In addition, the comparative analysis of men and women's answers demonstrated adherence to traditional views on life. The most important are family happiness, personal security, and a calm and measured life.

Conflicting Identities? Self-identification in Conflict Settings: Evidence from Israel and Arab States

How does self-identification impact warring individuals’ attitudes towards political compromise? How individuals from different parties to a protracted conflict self-identify is more often than not assumed rather than tested. This work remedies this deficiency by measuring how individuals living within protracted conflict self-identify and the implications for willingness to compromise. Based on two surveys (411 and 2171 participants) conducted in two different periods, we test the impact of self-identification on attitudes towards compromise. The results problematize scholars’ tendency to label dominant identities in a conflict in monolithic terms which may be a crucial impasse to conflict resolution. The results show a difference in the main self-identification that Palestinians, Jordanians, Tunisians and Israelis hold; Palestinians, Jordanians, and Tunisians adopt religious identification in the context of the conflict and Israeli Jews adopt civic-national identification. Religious identification in the different groups leads to decreased willingness to compromise, and civic identification in a conflict context increases it.

Social Optimism of Russians in a Crisis: Results of a Longitudinal Study

The article considers the main approaches to the study of social optimism as a socio-psychological phenomenon, highlights its theoretical structure and functions. The results of a longitudinal empirical study conducted among adult Russians (N = 664, six measurements) from March 3 to December 26, 2022 and aimed at identifying the socio-psychological antecedents of the stability of social optimism in the conditions of crisis are presented. It is shown that social optimism is directly related to personal characteristics that underlie the resilience: self-efficacy, perceived control, dispositional optimism, positive reframing and seeking emotional support in a critical situation. The study reveals that perceived control increases the stability of the individual's social optimism in a crisis. The higher the social well-being of the individual, the belief in his ability to contribute to the development of society, the more stable is social optimism. The hypothesis is confirmed that social optimism is enhanced by socio-psychological characteristics that facilitate the consolidation of efforts for a joint response to the challenges of the crisis: civic identity; perceived social support; empathy for others affected by the war; generalized trust; trust in civil society institutions; as well as political self-efficacy, that is, the belief in the ability to influence political decisions made in the country. On the contrary, social optimism is negatively associated with belief in a dangerous world, social cynicism, and a conspiracy worldview. The main contribution to the stability of social optimism is made by collective political self-efficacy, while social cynicism accelerates its decline. The results of the study made it possible to suggest the existence of two complementary mechanisms for maintaining social optimism: through strengthening civic identification and the importance of the collective future for the individual (this role is played by moral foundations of respect for authority, loyalty to one’s group and sanctity) and through empathy and strengthening the importance of mutual assistance in a crisis (under the influence of "individualizing" moral foundations of caring for people and fairness).

TACKLING BRIBERY IN ACCESSING KENYAN CITIZENSHIP: TOWARDS IMPLEMENTING AND ENFORCING ANTI-CORRUPTION MEASURES

Every Kenyan citizen has the right to acquire civic identification documents pursuant to article 12 of the Kenyan Constitution, 2010. This right allows Kenyans to apply for birth certificates, national identification documents and passports. These identification documents are crucial in proving that a person has a genuine link with Kenya which in turn unlocks their enjoyment of socioeconomic and political rights. Conversely, without identity documentation, a person’s access to socioeconomic and political rights is limited. Consequently, one may face challenges in accessing education, adequate healthcare, opening a bank account, travelling abroad, owning property, voting and vying for political posts, among others. The Department of Civil Registration Services has the mandate of registering births and deaths, while the National Registration Bureau is tasked with providing national identification documents. Reports conducted by the Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC) and the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR) indicate that some applicants seeking civic identification documents were asked for bribes by some registration officials in order to acquire the documentation or expedite the process . Kenya has made positive strides towards combating corruption through enacting extensive domestic anti-corruption legislation and ratifying international and regional legislation on anti-corruption. This paper argues that, successful implementation and enforcement of the existing anti-corruption laws by anti-corruption agencies will play a major role in curbing bribery that is experienced while accessing identification documents in Kenya.

Актуализация Русского мира в современном обществе: практики образовательных организаций

Currently, the problem of the Russian world is associated with the solution of the problems of social consolidation, institutional support for its development in Russian conditions. The purpose of the researchis to reveal the practices of actualization of the Russian world as a social integrator of modern society and the individual in the activities of educational organizations in accordance with changing conditions socio-cultural environment. The scientific novelty lies in the attempt, on the basis of sociological research materials, to present the actualization of the Russian world as an organizational process and direction of work of educational organizations of different levels. As a result of the identification of the signs of the Russian world it has been determined that in the actions of educational organizations the greatest attention is paid to supporting the Russian language, historical, cultural memory, civic identification, creating conditions for motivating students to study Russian culture and history. Based on the analysis of the results of empirical research, including of a local nature, model for supporting the actualization of the Russian world, including a support system and a support system, has been allocated, a monitoring system.

Political Socialization in a Changing Society: A Crisis of Value Orientations or Asynchronization of National Memories?

The article examines qualitative changes in the socio-cultural parameters of intergenerational communication that impact social cohesion and civic identification in contemporary society. Diversification of symbol production and an increase in the number of agents of political communications, a greater heterogeneity of political ideologies, and modes of political representation shape political processes. To adequately address these changes, one needs new theoretical models of political socialization. Such models would examine youth political incorporation as a particular form of communication predicated on the spatial and temporal design of political events within national communities. The focus on generational differences in the interpretation of political events helps explain youth positioning vis-à-vis older generations. In this case, political socialization goes beyond the processes of the younger generation’s adaptation to institutions and value-normative regimes of the “adult” society. It is a communicative process of establishing generational political expectations. Analysis of the legitimating profiles of national memory—those that include competing symbolic representations of images of the future and the past, typologies of the heroic, concepts of guilt and responsibility—is crucial to studying the political socialization of the younger generation. The authors emphasize the significance of both a theoretical and applied analysis of symbolic structures of political memory and the role of iconic power in understanding intergenerational continuity and change. Drawing on the methods of cultural sociology, the authors outline novel theoretical approaches to studying youth political socialization in today’s society.

ПОЛИТИКА И ИДЕОЛОГИЯ В ВОСПРИЯТИИ СТАРШЕКЛАССНИКОВ

The article presents the results of an empirical research: an expert survey of teachers of history and social studies in schools in the Ulyanovsk region and an online survey of high school students in grades 9-11. The school at present, due to the lack of a significant part of the humanitarian subjects in higher education, lays the foundations for the political and ideological identification of young people. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to study students’ ideas about politics and modern political ideologies. The article concludes that there is a lack of practical extracurricular activities to involve high school students in social and political activities at school and at the local level, and as a result, we can observe the lack of formation of the political identity of school graduates as an integral part of the civic identification of young people.

Гражданская идентичность населения Кыргызстана в этническом аспекте

Research relevance: The article analyzes civic identity in Kyrgyzstan from the ethnic aspect. The author’s attention was focused on the “malty-sidedness” of the social identification of an individual and reveal the essence of civic identity as its main type. Analysis of some ethnic features of the common Kyrgyz civil identity is relevant. Research materials and methods: questioning the population of Kyrgyzstan to determine the civic identity of representatives of various ethnic groups in Kyrgyzstan, consideration of the civic identification of Kyrgyz, Uzbeks, Russians, Tajiks and other ethnic groups based on materials from a sociological study. Over the course of many centuries, the ethnic communities of Kyrgyzstan have accumulated centuries-old experience of living together, harmonizing interests, and confronting external and internal threats. Based on the history of the country, the most striking periods of its development were due to the unity of the people, friendship between representatives of different ethnic groups. Research objectives: Civic identity formation presupposes the acceptance of ethnic values, norms and belonging to a particular ethnic group — the ethnic self-determination of the individual of ethnic identity, as well as the adoption of universal, common cultural values, norms and belonging to the population of the country of residence, as the basis for the formation of civic patriotism in the individual, citizenship, patriotism and love for the Motherland of civic identity. Research results: The effectiveness of the formation of a general civil identity of a person requires a clear understanding of the essence of the problem of determining the formation of a person’s civic identity, as one of the components of its social identity, requires a separate study. Conclusions: Among Tajiks, almost 1/4 (23.8%) were determined, among Uzbeks, 1/5 (20.2%) cannot say firmly “Yes” that Kyrgyzstan is their Motherland, out of the ethnic Russians surveyed, only 14.4% belong to this category. Among the Kyrgyz people, 9.1% or 1/10 chose 1 answer to this question.

Formation of civil identity of uzbekistan youth as a factor of international consent

The article is devoted to one of the important social problems of a multiethnic society.It is known that the effective development of any social organism depends on a balanced relationship between its constituent elements.An important component of the social structure of a multinational society is its ethnic composition.It is the state of interethnic relations in society that largely determines social stability, the vector and pace of its development. In this article, the author examines interethnic relations in the Republic of Uzbekistan.Building a civil society presupposes the guarantee and provision of human rights, the rule of law and the satisfaction of the humanistic needs of citizens.Self-identification of a person forms his essential characteristic as a social individual.In the article, the author puts forward the idea of convergence and compatibility of national identity with civil identity, which is especially important in the process offorming the younger generation. The government's policy of harmonizing interethnic relations, as well as the policy towards the country's youth, involves creating an atmosphere of friendship and cohesion in society, strengthening in the minds of every citizen the feeling of a single multinational family, regardless of his nationality, race and religious beliefs.According to the author, the balance and compatibility are important components of interethnic and social harmony of national and civic identification of citizens, and, in particular, representatives of the younger generation, which, in turn, is a condition for stabilizing the social sphere of society.

ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ ИММИГРАНТОВ В РФ КАК ВАЖНЕЙШАЯ СОСТАВНАЯ ЧАСТЬ ТРЕТЬЕЙ СТАДИЙ МИГРАЦИИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ — ПРИЖИВАЕМОСТИ (ВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИ)

The issues of the integration of immigrants in the Russian Federation in 2021 are fundamentally new, if we consider them in the coordinates of the integration crisis, and at the same time, put forward by President Putin V.V. the task of reaching the upward dynamics of the number of Russians, with a persisting pandemic, until 2025. This requires a theoretical rethinking of the conceptual apparatus, not only in relation to the concept of "integration of immigrants". Not only in terms of identifying indicators of this process. But also more broadly — in relation to the definition of the concept of population migration, in general. The article makes a methodological attempt to show that when considering integration, as an integral part, the final, third stage of population migration — adaptation, in accordance with the theory of three stages of population migration, most fully presented in the works of L.L. Rybakovsky, it seems possible more clearly to determine the tasks of the integration policy of the Russian Federation. Since this approach clearly separates the processes of adaptation, integration, arrangement at the stage of settling — in at the place of settling. Gives a clear understanding that integration is the prerogative of only migrants who belong simultaneously to the type of interstate and permanent migration. And only they, objectively, should be the object of integration policy, which should be an integral, integral part of immigration policy. But with its own specific tasks for its object — interstate permanent migrants. Such a methodological approach, to the greatest extent, corresponds to an individual approach to the regulation of the integration process, makes it possible to more effectively use the mechanism of integration contracts to increase the responsibility of the individual and society. Implemented at the local, municipal level, at the same time — the level of self — government in the Russian Federation, such an individual method of integration policy is most consistent with the figurative understanding of integration as a road with oncoming traffic, since it also contributes to an increase in the civic identification of immigrants and national solidarity of society. It implies a targeted mutual determination of rights and obligations.

Полиэтничность и проблемы гражданской идентификации дагестанской молодежи

The article examines the level of civic identification of Dagestan youth in the hierarchy of social identities. Based on the 2020 survey in the Republic of Dagestan, it was found that the civic identity of Dagestan youth is significantly inferior to religious and ethnic ones. On the base of the results of sociological research, the author states that the high level of ethnic identity of young people does not weaken the position of civic identification. At the same time, clearly pronounced ethnic ties contribute to the formation of a culture of trust in persons of other ethnic groups at the level of interpersonal relations. The author makes a prognostic conclusion that with the approval of common civic values in the country, an increase in the indicators of civic identification of Dagestan youth is expected.

Религиозность и гражданская идентификация молодежи в Республике Дагестан: современное состояние.

The article is devoted to determining the level of religiosity of Dagestan youth and its influence on the process of forming civil identity. Based on the results of a sociological study, the author states that there is a direct relationship between the level of youth religiosity and their civic identification. He states that the high level of religious identity of young people does not weaken the position of civic identification. At the same time, pronounced religious ties contribute to the formation of a culture of trust in persons of other confessional and ethnic groups at the level of interpersonal relations. The experience of close connection with co-religionists develops a culture of trust in a multi-ethnic and multi-confessional environment. Nevertheless, the author draws attention to the difference in indicators of civil identification in the Islamic-Christian border area, which is associated with the predominance in the mass consciousness of muslims and representatives of non-Russian nationality of the feeling of violation of civil rights on a confessional basis. It is concluded that with the adoption of the practice of meeting religious requests of communities throughout the Russian Federation, regardless of religious affiliation, it is expected to increase the indicators of civil identification of young people. The article notes that the regional level is dominated by trends for favorable interfaith communication. To a decisive extent, they may depend on the socio-political attitudes at the federal level.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ГРАЖДАНСТВЕННОСТИ СТУДЕНТОВ В УСЛОВИЯХ МОДЕРНИЗАЦИИ МЕДИЦИНСКОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

Problems of forming citizenship of students in the framework of modernizing medical education in the context of the implementation of youth 2 policy in the Russian Federation are among the relevant and most discussed topics. The article draws attention to the methodological prerequisites for the formation of citizenship among young people in medical universities. Based on the analysis, conceptual approaches to the model of such a system are proposed. The personal potential of citizenship is considered as the basis for initiating students to self-education and self-development, the formation of civic orientations and identification in professional activities.

ГРОМАДЯНСЬКА КУЛЬТУРА ЯК ЧИННИК СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ГРОМАДЯНСЬКОЇ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ ОСОБИСТОСТІ

В статті зазначається, що громадянська культура, яка розглядається як культура спільного життя громадян в певній державі, виступає одним із чинників становлення громадянської ідентичності особистості. Наголошується, що суперечливість функціонуючих в українському суспільстві цінностей і норм життя та деякі особливості української громадянської культури, зокрема недовіра до своїх співгромадян (якщо вони не входять до найближчого оточення) та до громадських і державних інститутів, низька готовність до солідарних дій, інтолерантність, соціальна пасивність тощо, значно ускладнюють для особи процес набуття власної громадянської ідентичності, і почасти зумовлюють низький рівень сформованості громадянської ідентичності частини населення України. &nbsp

The Rise of “Localism” and Civic Identity in Post-handover Hong Kong: Questioning the Chinese Nation-state

AbstractWhile it was traditionally accepted that Hongkongers shared a form of pan-Chinese cultural identification that did not contradict their local distinctiveness, over the last decade Hong Kong has seen the rise of new types of local identity discourses. Most recently, “localists” have been a vocal presence. Hong Kong has – quite unexpectedly – developed a strong claim for self-determination. But how new is “localism” with respect to the more traditional “Hong Kong identity” that appeared in the 1970s? The present study takes a two-dimensional approach to study these discourses, examining not only their framework of identification (local versus pan-Chinese) but also their mode of identification (ethno-cultural versus civic). Using three case studies, the June Fourth vigil, the 2012 anti-National Education protest and the 2014 Umbrella movement, it distinguishes between groups advocating civic identification with the local community (Scholarism, HKFS) and others highlighting ethnic identification (Chin Wan). It argues that while local and national identification were traditionally not incompatible, the civic-based identification with a local democratic community, as advocated by most participants in recent movements, is becoming increasingly incompatible with the ethnic and cultural definition of the Chinese nation that is now being promoted by the Beijing government.

Trickster Logics in the Hungarian Dual-Citizenship Offer

This article argues that the option of dual citizenship, available since 2010 for Hungarians living abroad, carries the possibility to create new types of national and civic identification patterns. This process can be considered as liminal, since it attempts to modify the nature of minority identity that was created by historic traumas and became institutionalized as social order, and because it attempts to open a new chapter in the relationship between Hungary and the Hungarian minority communities abroad. Although the patterns of the new (citizenship-influenced) minority identity are already somewhat visible, the full elaboration of this identity is yet to come. Therefore, the “managers” of the identity change might become tricksters.

РІВНІ ТА СТРУКТУРА ГРОМАДЯНСЬКОЇ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ

Громадянська ідентичність відноситься до соціальної ідентичності, зокрема до такої специфічної її форми як організаційна ідентичність. Об’єктами громадянської ідентифікації (аналогічно до об'єктів організаційної ідентифікації) є спільнота громадян (аналог колективу організації; спільнота зі спільними і типовими проблемами організації їхнього життя, що об’єднані територією, на якій діють закони певної держави) і держава (організація в цілому; держава як організація суспільства). Громадянська ідентичність особистості виявляється на індивідуальному та соціальному рівнях. Соціальний рівень поділяється у відповідності до об’єктів громадянської ідентифікації, на груповий (колективний) та інституціональний (організаційний). На інституціональному («громадянин – держава») рівні мова йде про включення особистості в правовий, економічний, аксіологічний, символічний простір держави; особливості соціальної перцепції особистістю держави, образ держави, довіру і лояльність до неї і т.п. Груповий («громадянин – спільнота громадян») рівень передбачає включеність особистості в спільноту громадян, підкріплену (або ні) суб'єктивним почуттям внутрішньої єдності зі своїми співвітчизниками, почуттям громадянської спільності (почуття «Ми») – переживанням взаємозв’язку, солідарності, спільності історичної долі та типовості проблем життя з іншими громадянами. Індивідуальний (персональний, «Я як громадянин») – рівень особистісних самокатегоризацій (виявляються як індивідуально-відмінні характеристики), індивідуального осмислення громадянської належності разом з емоційно-ціннісним наповненням; переживання сенсу і цінності власного життя в даному соціумі. Громадянська ідентичність становить собою єдність когнітивного (усвідомлення своєї належності до держави в якості її громадянина та спільноти громадян; знання, уявлення щодо держави, громадянства та громадян), ціннісного (суб’єктивна значущість, важливість членства; поділяння державницьких цінностей та цінностей громадянської спільноти), афективного (емоційне ставлення до свого членства, переживання «моє/не моє», почуття гордості, сорому, патріотизму тощо), конативного (зумовлює громадянську поведінку) компонентів. При створенні діагностичного інструментарію для дослідження громадянської ідентичності пропонуємо використовувати асоціативний тест, психомалюнок та метод семантичного диференціалу.

Methodological Paradigms of Social Philosophy: Boundaries and Possibilities in the Study of the Identification Process

Constructivist paradigm represents civil identification as a process of constructing of organized civil identity of the individual by the elites in a certain way, which is becoming an essential component of social development. Constructivism due to its inherent emphasis on procedural and variability makes it possible to study the multidimensional model of civic identification with the rapid changes in the stratification structure with simultaneous pluralization and transcoding cultural codes and public mentality shifts, which is characteristic of radically transforming societies. Socio-philosophical study of identity processes in the transformed Russian society based on constructivism suggests a methodological synthesis, which provides analysis of the influence of stratification and socio-structural factors such as the objective of the matrix to form a new common civil identity, as well as allows taking into account the socio-cultural and civilizational parameters Russia. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s3p349

National Identity and Patriotism among Russian Youth: Representations, Feelings and Actions

This article is based on data of empirical research in four border regions of Russia. We try to reveal the new trends in youth’s national identity through the analysis of social identifications, interpretations of patriotism and patriotic actions. We conclude that youth's national identity comprises traditional and modern traits, proving its nature as social construct, reproduced and shaped trough public political discourse and everyday practices. While national civic identification takes the central place in the youth identification hierarchy, young people feel more cosmopolitan than elderly people and give a special meaning to their own cultural and ethno-confessional identities. Their patriotic representations are transformed under worldwide mobility and influence of politically oriented actions; they diverge from understanding of patriotism of other generations, the result is the lower self-evaluation of patriotic feelings, which have become more abstract and less associated with concrete actions and deeds.

Doing without Love: Civic Motivation, Affection, and Identification

There are important moral reasons for people to contribute to the democratic polities of which they are citizens. But recognition of these reasons, even when supported by considerations of narrow self-interest and by certain habits and tastes, is insufficient to reliably motivate most people. Patriotic love promises to make up the motivational shortfall, but at a high price: love of one's polity impairs one's capacity to see that polity's weaknesses and faults. This price might be worth paying if patriotic love were the only available solution to the civic motivation problem. But civic identification is an attractive alternative. Identification can be separated from affection, both conceptually and psychologically. And civic identification does not impair civic judgment as severely as patriotic love does. The best solution to the civic motivation problem is therefore to cultivate civic identification without, as far as possible, arousing patriotic love.