Transport Infrastructure In Cities Research Articles

ПРАВОВІ ЗАСАДИ ДЕКАРБОНІЗАЦІЇ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ СИСТЕМИ МІСТА НА ОСНОВІ РОЗВИТКУ ЕЛЕКТРОМОБІЛЬНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ

The article is devoted to the analysis of the legal support for the transfer of urban passenger transport from automobile to electric vehicle transport, which is necessary for the decarbonization of transport and the sustainable development of the settlement. It is well-founded that road public transport is part of the transport system of Ukraine and the city infrastructure system, and therefore the legal provision of its environmental protection should be implemented on a comprehensive basis. Legal support for the decarbonization of the urban transport system of road transport by encouraging the use of electric vehicles is carried out by norms of different levels (laws and by-laws) and different sectoral orientations. Regulatory and legal acts, that ensure the use of electric vehicles for urban passenger transportation, can be divided into those that: 1) lay the general principles of greening of economic activity and the field of transport; 2) provide stimulation of the development of ecological motor vehicles and the development of electric mobility infrastructure. The Economic Code of Ukraine is a codified act that should lay the foundations for ecologization of economic activity, and therefore it is advisable to enshrine in it the principles of sustainable development and signs of ecological business activity. The business activity of transporting passengers by electric vehicle can be recognized as an ecological business activity, because it will ensure the environmental safety of human life; the use of such transport eliminates such a negative impact on the natural environment as CO2 emissions into the atmosphere; they will have a level of satisfaction of consumer needs no lower than other similar services provided by traditional modes of transport. The changes made to the current legislation in 2021-2023 regarding the stimulation of the use of electric vehicles, although they do not fully meet the requirements of the European Union in the matter of determining the terms of the complete decarbonization of urban transport, are such that will stimulate the development of the electric vehicle infrastructure of the city in the future. Such an economic and legal instrument as the state program on greening transport should become the basis for the systematic introduction of electric transport infrastructure not only within the city, but in Ukraine as a whole. This will correspond to the European development vector of our state. At the same time, approaches that will fully meet the standards of the European Union should be laid down in the regulatory and legal provision of greening of the city's transport infrastructure.

Modeling of Passenger Flows in Agglomerations of Large Developing Cities (on the Example of Kyiv)

Based on the analysis of the fundamental impact of transport infrastructure, the city and the agglomeration are increasingly interpreted as a set of historically composed residential and industrial districts formed in the areas of interchanges of different modes of transport. On the example of the City of Kyiv, the modeling of passenger flows in agglomerations of large developing cities is considered, in order to implement the provisions of a modern urban environment, based on transport analysis of the urban area, with further forecasting of passenger flows on the street-road network and choice of main types of citywide passenger transport in the city. Based on the calculation of the population and passenger formation of transport areas, a model of the city's transport infrastructure is represented, the distribution of passenger traffic by modes of transport is estimated. The results of experimental studies of the intensity of existing passenger flows and models of their definition in the agglomeration of the most valuable city are determined. And the ways to solve the problems of conflict between the city and transport are proposed.

METHODS AND MODELS FOR FORMATION A PORTFOLIO OF URBAN TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS BASED ON THE SMART PORT CITY CONCEPT

Renovation of public transport fleets was carried out in different cities of the state before the outbreak of hostilities. In year 2020 "Urban public transport of Ukraine II" project was approved by the Government. Among eighteen cities-participants of this project, Odessa was the only one that had a maritime transport usage option. However, the specifics of the territorial location and the experience accumulated by the previous decades in the maritime coastal communications were not taken into account by that project. This article aims to study the specific features of the city's transport infrastructure development projects portfolio formation with the involvement of the off-street transport modes (including its maritime component), based on the latest Smart Port City concept, which reflects the harmonious targeting of the city and port development main directions. Results. Smart City is the concept, which encourages innovative solutions to the management of all transport types at a particular city level. The carried-out goals systematization reflects the involvement of the city's public administration and commercial players into the initiation of projects intended to enhance the use of off-street transport types. The ability to initiate a wide range of projects is provided by Smart Port concept to cities where the port operation role is decisive. The combination of these two concepts is presented in the form of Smart Port City, which contains the foundation for a significant number of project initiatives for new products and services in the promising areas of city and port development, improving the quality of urban environment and the port production operations efficiency results. Conclusions. The approach to determine projects structure, which is based on a system of objectives to resolve the city transport problems and ensure the port development, has been proposed. The formalized procedure of projects selection to the portfolio from the Smart Port City perspective has been developed, which allows: first, − to identify projects that match the city and the port general goals; second, − to produce a rating system for the city and the port projects respectively; third, – given the set threshold value, to identify the projects with the highest priority.

ВНЕДРЕНИЕ ИННОВАЦИЙ В ИНФРАСТРУКТУРНЫХ ОТРАСЛЯХ ЭКОНОМИКИ РЕГИОНОВ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ ТРАНСПОРТНОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ Г. МОСКВЫ

The article discusses projects for the digitalization of various aspects of the city's transport infrastructure, including the organization of traffic flows, payment methods, creating comfortable conditions for passengers, transport security, etc. An analysis has been carried out and best practices that are ready for implementation in other regions of Russia have been identified.

Road Transport Infrastructure Planning Study: Panacea for Nigeria Economy Development

The growth of regions and cities is dependent on transportation infrastructure. Access to city transportation infrastructure services, in general, has a significant impact on reducing income disparity. Despite all efforts to adopt a sustainable transport policy in Nigeria, the country's transportation infrastructure remains in poor condition, thwarting the lofty goal of reshaping the transportation network and economy. As a result, this study has demonstrated the need for proper transportation infrastructure investment as a panacea and national remedy for the Nigerian economy's enhancement and acceleration of economic growth and functioning national mobility. This study adopted the empirical exploratory analysis by surveying stakeholders in the state of Lagos. A qualitative research technique was employed, which included conducting in-depth interviews. The study recommended that the federal government's budget allocation to the transportation sector be raised, as this will increase funding directed toward improving existing transportation infrastructure such as roads, bridges, seaports, airports, trains, and canals. Keywords: Infrastructure, Transport, Quality, Economy, Policy DOI: 10.7176/DCS/12-4-04 Publication date: April 30 th 2022

Sociological aspect of the city transport infrastructure management strategy

The purpose is to analyze the transport system of Moscow, its role in the socio-economic development of the region, and to try to find ways of ensuring that the transport infrastructure meets the needs of the population. The subject of the study is the urban transport system. Methods for the study are the analysis of statistical data on the functioning of public transport, experts’ assessments of the transport infrastructure of the city, a comparative analysis of other regions’ experience. The analysis of statistical data reveals the dynamics of the functioning of the transport system in the metropolis. It was shown that the poor development of transport infrastructure hinders the development of a modern city. The availability, profitability, and efficiency of passenger transport should be increased to increase the satisfaction of the quality of life of the urban population. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a long-term strategy to improve the road and transport system of the city. Modern transport infrastructure, its qualitative and volumetric characteristics hinder the completion of the tasks of regional economic development, in particular the task of meeting the demand for quality passenger and transport-logistics services.

Effect of High-Speed Railways on City Industrial Sewage Discharge

Industrial wastewaters threatening the sustainability of society have increasingly become a key social issue across the globe. Consequently, countermeasures have been suggested across a broad range of research fields and policy cycles in both industrialized and industrializing countries. Thus, identifying factors that drive reductions in industrial wastewater discharge is a key task in the water research and policymaking fields. In contrast to previous studies that have focused on reducing industrial wastewater discharge through techniques, policy, management, and other tools, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of transport infrastructure development, particularly high-speed railways (HSR), on industrial sewage discharge. Given the rapid development of high-speed railways in China and the country’s severe water pollution, China was our research context, and our sample was 298 prefecture-level Chinese cities during the period 1999–2018. The empirical results show that cities with high-speed railways have greater reductions in industrial wastewaters, and that these effects are weakened in cities with a more developed economy and information environment. The results are consistent when using different methods to test their robustness, such as time-varying difference-in-difference (DID), instrumental variables, and placebo tests. These findings offer useful guidance for practitioners and policymakers in the management of water resources and the development of transport infrastructure in cities. These results contribute to the literature in the field of water management and to the assessment of the broader effect of high-speed railways.

The Transport of Oversized Cargoes from the Perspective of Sustainable Transport Infrastructure in Cities

The article deals with the transport of oversized cargoes from the perspective of parameters of road network in city environments. In recent years, there has been an increase in the transport of products with dimensions and weight considered above standard. It is very difficult to transport these products not only within Europe but also worldwide. This is also pointed out in the European directive, which recommends that all EU member states build a pan-European network of corridors for the transport of oversized cargoes. The article analyses the issue of transport within the transport infrastructure in cities from the perspective of sustainability of road networks for ensuring the passage of oversized cargoes. The article describes the results of research that was performed for the determination of parameters to ensure the passage of oversized cargoes on roads. The article also deals with the analysis of implemented transports, the results of video analysis of monitored transports, measurement of swept paths of vehicles using GPS apparatus and drones, modelling of oversized vehicles in programs for verification of the swept paths of vehicles, simulation of passage of oversized cargo, the determination of values of radii of corners, widths and heights for the transport of cargoes and the distance from solid obstacles. The precondition for the above-mentioned outputs is the practical use of results in planning the transport infrastructure on the entire communication network and the possibility of its application for designing activities associated with the construction or reconstruction of intersections on routes of frequent transport of excessive and oversized cargoes and verification of critical points on the route. The outputs of the work serve as a basis for the processing of technical conditions, which include procedures and technical recommendations within the design practice in the Czech Republic but also abroad. Emphasis is placed on sustainable, safe and economic transport infrastructure.

Transport infrastructure problems and the formation of a sustainable logistics system of the city

The article defines the principles of functioning and developing the structure of a multi-communication logistic system of a small city, which develops the level of intellectualization of a Smart City. A system of criteria for monitoring the transport and logistics system of the city is also proposed in order to increase the transparency and manageability of the city transport infrastructure.

Synthesizing the Evolution of Multimodal Transportation Planning milestones in Indian Cities

Abstract Rapid urbanization and accelerated economic development are witnessed in Indian cities, causing city dwellers’ auto- dependency on private modes of transport and has raised questions over the sustainability of transport infrastructure in cities. Traditionally, India’s urban transport infrastructure was developed with the concept of moving vehicles rather than people.” Thus, the public transport system is inadequate and underdeveloped in most of the Indian cities. However, several initiatives were taken by the Indian government to promote sustainability and transit services were introduced into cities. The newly introduced formal modes of public transport lack integration with the previously existing transport mode at the operational, institutional, and informational level. Also, the physical and fare integration between the modes are missing in most of the Indian cities. With this motivation, the present research tries to understand the evolution of multimodal transport planning in Indian cities. For the present study, 49 planning documents were collected. An attempt was made to analyse the metadata and content of the planning documents dedicated to Multimodal transport planning. The main aim was to assess how multimodal transport has been considered while planning the urban transport infrastructure. The challenges for integrated multimodal transport systems were identified, and appropriate conclusions were derived based on the study.

Models of distribution of public transport correspondence

The subject of this research is the theory of traffic flow modeling and modern transport infrastructure in cities and regions. The article discusses the classification and application of various models of correspondence on public transport routes – network, route, and multimodal. The paper carries out a comparative analysis of two route models: 1) based on the intervals, where input information about each route is limited to its tracking by the transport network graph, the sequence of stops, the times of movement between stops and the frequencies of movement of vehicles; 2) based on schedules, that use detailed information about the schedules of vehicles along routes (arrival time and departure time for each stop). The study concludes that in models based on schedules, it is possible to define not behaviour strategies, as in the case of models based on intervals, but specific paths for each correspondence. As a result of the analysis of multimodal models of organization of transport flows, the author came to the conclusion that the most popular at present are models of distribution of correspondence along multimodal routes.

Efficiency Based Evaluation of Public Transport and Paratransit Systems with a View to Integrating Transportation

Rapid urbanization, increasing population, and a booming economy have stimulated growth in Indian cites, resulting in higher levels of dependence on private vehicles. This has raised serious issues over the sustainability of transport infrastructure in cities. Public transportation (PT) systems can help achieve sustainable transportation. But they face competition from intermediate public transport (IPT) or Paratransit. The existing PT and IPT systems, therefore, need to re-plan their operations to complement each other and deliver a wider network of services. To achieve this, an evaluation of both PT and IPT systems at microscopic levels is needed to facilitate their possible integration in a coordinated multimodal transportation system. The present paper attempts to evaluate the public and paratransit systems in the city of Surat in the Indian state of Gujarat using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique in DEAP software at the individual and system level. The operations, route design, and cost efficiency of both systems are evaluated to understand how well the existing set-up caters to demand. The arithmetic mean of operations, route design, and cost efficiencies of 26 routes of PT system were worked out to be 0.89, 0.94, and 0.69, while that of the 13 routes of the IPT system were 0.92, 0.97, and 0.88 respectively. The system investigation shows that analytically, only 8% of IPT routes were inefficient in all the three aspects, compared with 42% of PT routes. The performance of each route was analyzed, appropriate suggestions made, and the potential of these systems for designing an integrated transport system highlighted.

PROBLEMS OF TRANSPORT FORMATION AND PEDESTRIAN INFRASTRUCTURE OF A LARGEST CITY IN THE XXI CENTURY

The article describes the features of the study of transport infrastructure, which is due to the transformation of socio-economic conditions that cause a change in the role and place of man in the modern world, diversify and lead to a rapid change in his needs in the material and spatial environment. All this determines the need to recon-sider the existing approaches to the architectural and spatial organization of the city environment. The formation of the architectural environment taking into account the different needs of different social groups became the main in architectural and urban planning. However, so far, unfortunately, very little attention is paid to the humanistic and artistic aspects of the formation of the material and spatial environment of modern man, containing the transport and pedestrian infrastructure of the city. Although these objects and problems of formation of the archi-tectural environment the citizen faces daily. New and rather complex problems caused by the action of scientific and technological progress and the development of motorization of the population, which can be formulated as «transport and city», «car and city», «architecture and transport», are becoming more and more important. Rapid spatial growth of cities, a multiple increase in the urban population and the area of built-up areas, extensive de-velopment of suburban areas raise both the problems of organizing transport systems and the problems of parking and storage of individual vehicles. As the territories develop with the help of the city's transport infrastructure, it is becoming increasingly clear that nature's resources are not coping with the extensive use of its lands. The total number of cars tends to increase significantly. Mass motorization creates a huge number of interre-lated problems: social; economic; environmental; sanitary and hygienic, etc. Large and largest cities, which were built in the early to mid-twentieth century in anticipation of the devel-opment of mainly public transport to serve passengers, are not designed to increase the growth of the fleet of indi-vidual vehicles. Individual vehicles are increasingly absorbing the open spaces of the city, making it difficult for people to come into contact with the natural environment. Today, cars are stored in the most inappropriate places: on sidewalks, lawns and even on playgrounds. The population of cities is increasingly feeling the crisis of the architectural environment, covering places for car storage, the inconvenience of using parking lots, the constant conflicts of movable and immovable vehicles. Street injuries are growing. The impact of vehicles, in particular their parking, often leads to the dehumanization of urban spaces, discomfort and the ecological crisis of the urban environment. Keywords: transport, transport and pedestrian infrastructure, modern city, humanization.

ВЛИЯНИЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ АВТОТРАНСПОРТНОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ НА ЭКОЛОГИЮ ГОРОДА ВЛАДИКАВКАЗ

Effective regulation of traffic flows within the urban area is of great importance for the cleanliness of the atmospheric air of cities and megacities. The article presents the most relevant problems related to the city's transport infrastructure, which entails both an increase in chemical emissions and physical pollution of the city's environment, primarily increased noise. Due to the growth of the automobile fleet, according to expert estimates and research conducted in Vladikavkaz, especially in its historical part, there is more than a twofold shortage of Parking spaces. The real lack of space for vehicles forces drivers to Park vehicles in clear violation of traffic Rules, which leads to a significant reduction in the capacity of streets and the occurrence of congestion. And as a result, pollution of the environment.

THE INFLUENCE OF INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDOR «EUROPE – ASIA» ON TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE OF CHUGUYEV CITY

The integration of Ukraine's transport complex into the pan-European and global system of transport networks is one of the country's development strategic directions. The Chuguev city is a significant industrial, transport and cultural center of the Kharkiv region, is part of the agrarian and industrial agglomeration of the Kharkiv region and is located on the international transport corridor (ITC) "Europe - Asia". The current state of the Chuguev city's transport infrastructure is analyzed. The misunderstanding of the strategic role of cities as an economic and socio-cultural phenomenon leads to the fact that the possibilities of a highly intelligent urban environment are not yet in great demand, therefore the assessment of the impact of the international transport corridor "Europe - Asia" on Chuguev's transport infrastructure is a relevant research area. As a result of the SWOT analysis, the strengths and weaknesses of Chuguev's transport infrastructure, related opportunities and threats were identified. As a result of the analysis, major transport issues identified. The priority measures for the Chuguev city's transport infrastructure development of are offered. The construction of the Chuguev city's southern bypass, which will simultaneously become an access road to the airfield, freight railway station, the future regional transport and storage logistics center is proposed to implementation. It is necessary to improve the Chuguev city on the verge of intensifying economic activity and urbanization processes using potential, modernization and development of external transport infrastructure, as well as improving the quality of the territory for further development. Improving the quality of the Chuguev city's territory should be achieved as a result of the development and implementation the "Development of transport infrastructure Concept" as the basis for scientifically based recommendations and objectives to improve transport infrastructure and passenger bus services. Keywords: transport infrastructure, international transport corridor, logistics center.

THE TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE`S IMPROVING METHODS (ON THE KYIV`S EXAMPLE)

The city`s and the transport`s evolution is interdependent. That is why the urban transport is the city`s functioning criterion. The increasing of the city`s population induces the vehicles` amount rising on the road network, which is leading to non-normative time spending on the way, accidents` amount growth, ecological and economic losses. In this way the city`s viability is directly depending on the road network`s and transport infrastructure`s objects efficiency performance. The time of the system approach to the city`s transport challenges has come. That is why in this article the city transport infrastructure`s problems in terms of the constantly increasing transport flow`s intensity and are considered. The transport infrastructure`s objects classification and objects research results in comparison with normative requirements are developed. The transport intesity invetigation and capacity calculation analysis of the 92 traffic controlled intersections in Kiev are given. The transport`s (including municipal transport) infrastructure organization and reconstrucnion improvement`s arrangements which are promoting the road network`s capacity increasing and transport`s delay decline are formed.

The Use of Smart Elements for the Transport Operation in the Slovak Cities

Abstract The possibilities of expanding the transport infrastructure in cities are considerably limited, as urban areas of the municipalities are built-up. The current infrastructure is no longer sufficient to meet standard transport needs in cities, as there has been a growing trend in recent years for both manufactured and sold vehicles. The reason that vehicles are manufactured is the high demand for the purchase of these vehicles, which clearly reflects the subsequent trend of the traveling public using individual transport modes. In individual chapters, this article evaluates the simultaneous use of intelligent transport systems in the Slovak cities and, at the same time, points out further possibilities of SMART elements implementation in transport, which can ensure more efficient transport processes in agglomerations. Given the circumstances that transport infrastructure is no longer sufficient and the vehicles are stationary, which has adverse effects on arrival time as well as on the environment and the quality of life in the cities, the manuscript deals with this issue in particular.

THE EVALUATION OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE PROVISION OF THE ENTREPRENEURSHIP OF THE REGIONS OF RUSSIA BASED ON THE INDEX METHOD

The system of the infrastructure provision in the Russian Federation and its regions is not allowed, which is due to its fragmentation in certain areas, the inadequacy of infrastructure of various types, the underestimation of factors that impede the development of the infrastructural provision of entrepreneurial activity, and the imperfection of the methodological apparatus for investigating its level of development. In particular, it is worth noting the current state of transport infrastructure in cities and regions.The article considers the infrastructure of entrepreneurship in the regions of Russia. In general, it can be noted that the activities and effectiveness of physical infrastructure are largely dependent on the regulatory actions of the regions themselves. As a result of the study, the authors identified the three leaders in infrastructural provision: the Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Tatarstan (0.72-0.80), and the Tyumen Region (0.9). Also, based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that in most regions there is a shortage of basic infrastructure, as well as its insufficiently efficient functioning

Urban sustainable transportation planning strategies for livable City's quality of life

Urban planning and its relevant transportation deploying have a particularly profound influence on the sustainability and livability of a city, and which also be crucial to the quality of life to urban residents at the same time. It was also suggested that the conception of livability should be extended to embrace the concerns associated with the sustainability. However, planning frameworks or assessment patterns that address the dynamics of urban planning and demand for transportation deploying are relatively rare; there also few public policies in related research fields have discussed the effects of the changes in various assessment indicators over time. Furthermore, following the rising advancements in social communication and computer technologies in modern society, the data collection, storage, and processing capabilities of people have improved substantially. And, the emergence of big data or extendible open data facilitates analysis and prediction availability, and enabled people to find immediate solutions to numerous dilemmas encountered. Therefore, based on the aforementioned intention, treating the city as a dynamic process with the trying of introducing the big data or extendible open data for facilitating urban sustainability and livability is undoubtedly worth to explore in further.The present study intends to initially examine the application of big data in sustainable and livable transportation strategies in Taipei City, Taiwan. Firstly, we investigate previous research on transportation sustainability in various countries to generalize our preliminary list of transportation sustainability indices that satisfy the principles of livable cities. And, key indices were then selected through the Fuzzy Delphi Method by administering a questionnaire to six experts from industrial, governmental, and academic sectors respectively. The research results were applied to develop decision-making strategies for responding to the environmental dynamics of Taipei City's transportation infrastructure system by using the analytic network process combined with a data-mining technique. Thus, big data pertaining to urban transportation were analyzed to predict the future dynamic trends of the key indices and prioritize the sustainable transportation strategies for a livable city under dynamic temporal and spatial changes. Ultimately, the policy implications of this study can not only offer a solution for current needs related to urban planning but also serve as a more transparent decision-making or well selection basis for developing sustainable and livable urban life in near future.

Planning of City Transportation Infrastructure Based on Macro Simulation Model

Palembang City having an area of 358.55 km2 with a total population of approximately 1.8 million people is one of the main cities in Indonesia. A city transport modelling is important in a city transportation planning particularly to overcome the existing transportation problem such as traffic congestion. In this study Palembang City transportation model was developed was developed using the PTV Visum Program whose transportation modelling was based on the four-step model of transportation. The result of the study shows that the developed model has an excellent reliability in representing the transportation conditions in Palembang and it also indicates that Palembang required bridges connecting between Ulu and Ilir areas of Palembang to overcome traffic congestion in Palembang City. Ideally, in 2022 Palembang will have had 4 connecting bridges and 5 bridges in 2027.The construction of an additional bridge helps to reduce the traffic load on the existing bridge (Ampera), which was built in 1965 and helps spread the traffic load in the city of Palembang