City Resources Research Articles

WISATA KAWASAN PECINAN KOTATUA JAKARTA: SUATU TINJAUAN POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA PERKOTAAN DI INDONESIA

<p><em>The function of a city is not only for economic development, but also the city tells the story of the collective memory of its citizens who still exist in their past culture. These culture are the city's cultural resources for tourism. One of them is the Kotatua area of Jakarta, there is a Chinatown area, known as Glodok. This study aims to describe how the Glodok Chinatown cultural area was transformed into an urban tourist destination from the 18th century to the present. This area has many historical attractions or historical tourist destinations such as centers of sacred activity (temples / temples, and churches), as well as profane activity centers (markets, roads / alleys, etc.). Therefore the future development must refer to Law No. 11 of 2010 concerning Cultural Heritage that the use of cultural heritage must be based on protection and development not the other way around. So that it is expected that conservation-based tourism in the Glodok Chinatown area can sustain well without any changes which certainly damage the element of authenticity as Chinatown areas in Jakarta and Indonesia in general.</em><em></em></p><p> </p><p>Keyword: <em>Kotatua, Glodok, City, Cultural Heritage, Tourism</em></p>

Research on the Development Model of Urban Culture and Tourism Integration Based on Cultural Ecology

The urban tourism industry belongs to the tourism industry and also belongs to the cultural industry. The urban tourism development and design must take into account the city's cultural resources and tourism resources. Under the background of rapid development of urban tourism economy and further convergence of tourism content, this paper analyzes urban cultural ecology and believes that cultural ecology and its system affect the way and process of urban tourism development. Improving the cultural resources, cultural influences, and cultural creation of the city will help promote the integration of culture and tourism development. This paper further analyzes the types of integration development of urban culture and tourism, and proposes a fusion development model design based on Memory Recovery and Brand-led under the different cultural and tourism development levels among different cities.

Recasting Urban Governance through Leeds City Lab: Developing Alternatives to Neoliberal Urban Austerity in Co‐production Laboratories

AbstractThis article reports on a research project, Leeds City Lab, that brought together partner organizations to explore the meanings and practices of co‐production in the context of urban change. Our intention is to offer a response to the crisis in urban governance by combining the growing academic and practitioner debates on co‐production and urban laboratories in order to explore radically different institutional personae that can respond to deficits in contemporary urban governance, especially relating to participation and disenfranchisement, and ultimately unlock improved ways of designing, managing and living in cities. Our analysis has identified four key ways in which co‐production labs can recast urban governance to more progressive ends: by moving beyond traditional organizational identities and working practices, embracing grey spaces of new civic interfaces, foregrounding emotions and power and committing to durable solutions. Ultimately, what we point towards is that urban governance can be more effectively enacted in co‐production labs that bring together universities and the public, private and civil society sectors on a basis of equality, trust and openness. These spaces have the potential to unlock a city's knowledge, resources and assets, to unpack complex challenges and to build capacity to deliver improved city‐wide solutions.

基于生态位理论的河西走廊县域城市竞合关系研究

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于生态位理论的河西走廊县域城市竞合关系研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201612272680 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41661035，41271133，41261104） Ecological niche-based competition and cooperation relationships among county-level cities in Hexi Corridor Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:根据生态位理论，用城市综合发展水平和生态位宽度来反映各城市对所在群落中的资源占有和利用程度，通过聚类分析和生态系统结构的划分对河西走廊20个县域城市的竞合关系进行了评价。结论表明：2001-2013年间，河西走廊各城市综合发展水平均有不同程度的提高，城市生态位也表现出不同程度的升降，综合发展水平值与生态位宽度呈高度正相关关系，说明各城市对资源的占有和利用程度联系密切，相辅相成。嘉峪关市和金川区生态位始终位于河西走廊20个县域城市前列，为第Ⅰ类城市，凉州区、肃州区和甘州区为第Ⅱ类城市，阿克塞县、玉门市、敦煌市和肃北县为第Ⅲ类城市，其余11个城市为第Ⅳ类。在此基础上，结合生态位错位、扩充、协同发展等理论，根据城市生态系统结构提出了相对应的基本竞合发展策略。 Abstract:Domestic and international scholars have paid considerable attention to research on intercity co-opetition relationships. Based on the systematic examination and analysis of previous research results, the article, starting with the theory of the ecological niche, regards the modern city as special life system with ecosophy from the perspective of phytocoenology. Cities in certain regions may have various relationships. Co-opetition between cities usually plays an essential role in whether the cities can achieve continuous development together in the same city group. The percentage of a particular city's resource occupation in its group is reflected by its comprehensive development level, the utilisation of resources is represented by the niche breadth, and the co-opetition of 20 cities in county areas of the Hexi Corridor is clarified by cluster analysis and the structural division of the eco-system. Finally, a realistic strategy for co-opetition is put forward by virtue of the ecological niche, aiming to provide theoretical suggestions for coordinated and continuous development in city groups of the Hexi Corridor. It is concluded that all the cities in the region have made mixed progress in terms of their comprehensive development levels, with their ecological niches experiencing mixed ups and downs. The positive correlation observed between a city's comprehensive development level and its ecological niche width shows that the occupation and utilisation of resources are two supplementary coefficients. Among the 20 county-level cities in the region, Jiayuguan and Jin Chuan District have always been categorised as Tier I, as they always top the list of cities with highest ecological niche; Liang Zhou District, Su Zhou District and Gan Zhou District are Tier Ⅱ cities; Akesai, Yumen, Dun Huang and Su Bei are Tier Ⅲ; and the remaining 11 cities are Tier IV. Based on the analysis of the eco-system structure in the cities of the Hexi Corridor, together with theories such as niche dislocation, expansion, coordinated development, the following corresponding co-opetition strategies are proposed:Jiayuguan District and Jinchuan District need to play a radiating and exemplary role, with coordinated development in the Liangzhou District, Suzhou District and Ganzhou District. This activity will drive other cities' development, reaching a balance for the ecology niche in the city system of the Hexi Corridor. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

A Proposed Sustainable Transportation and Urban Mobility Design

The Urban Mobility Design is city's comprehensive resource on street design guidelines, policies, and processes. It aggregates a broad range of resources from nationally recognized engineering and design guidelines. It supplements rather than replaces existing engineering and environmental standards, requirements, or guidelines, such as the Manual on Traffic Control Devices and Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets. In a city with as many varied and complex conditions as Metro Manila, designs should be tailored to the particular needs and opportunities created by the local context, uses, and dimensions of streets. The purpose of this study is to find the problems of transportation and mobility, and likewise propose the appropriate solutions based on principles of sustainability in city's transportation.

Enhanced Performance of the Eurostat Method for Comprehensive Assessment of Urban Metabolism: A Material Flow Analysis of Amsterdam

SummarySustainable urban resource management depends essentially on a sound understanding of a city's resource flows. One established method for analyzing the urban metabolism (UM) is the Eurostat material flow analysis (MFA). However, for a comprehensive assessment of the UM, this method has its limitations. It does not account for all relevant resource flows, such as locally sourced resources, and it does not differentiate between flows that are associated with the city's resource consumption and resources that only pass through the city. This research sought to gain insights into the UM of Amsterdam by performing an MFA employing the Eurostat method. Modifications to that method were made to enhance its performance for comprehensive UM analyses. A case study of Amsterdam for the year 2012 was conducted and the results of the Eurostat and the modified Eurostat method were compared. The results show that Amsterdam's metabolism is dominated by water flows and by port‐related throughput of fossil fuels. The modified Eurostat method provides a deeper understanding of the UM than the urban Eurostat MFA attributed to three major benefits of the proposed modifications. First, the MFA presents a more complete image of the flows in the UM. Second, the modified resource classification presents findings in more detail. Third, explicating throughput flows yields a much‐improved insight into the nature of a city's imports, exports, and stock. Overall, these advancements provide a deeper understanding of the UM and make the MFA method more useful for sustainable urban resource management.

Urban growth simulation using SLEUTH in Afyonkarahisar (Turkey)

In this study, the change in city growth of Afyonkarahisar in the adjacent area in the future was estimated using the SLEUTH model. The main objective of this study is to show the simulation of the change in the urban growth of Afyonkarahisar until 2030 with the SLEUTH model, a cellular automata model. For this purpose, two different growth scenarios have been developed. As a result of the study, with the current growth scenario, urban development from 2011 to 2030 will increase by 3115 hectares, and it is seen that 2300 hectares of pasture areas will be destroyed with this increase. It is found that 2000 ha of natural areas can be protected from urbanization and the wrong land use of the city's natural resources having social and economic importance can be avoided with the controlled growth scenario.

Mass, energy, and emergy analysis of the metabolism of Macao

Urban metabolism analysis has become an important tool for the study of urban ecosystems. The metabolism of a city can be seen as the processes by which the city transforms the materials and energy it requires to sustain its socioeconomic activity. In the present study, we analyzed the anabolic and catabolic flows that occur during Macao's urbanization processes. Macao is a tourist city with a dense population, but is short on natural resources; thus, most of its life-support services depend on resource imports from outside its system. We used mass, energy, and emergy analysis to quantify the metabolic processes that occurred in Macao in 2013. Macao's anabolic and catabolic density both increased to high levels due to a tremendous influx of visitors in 2013. By employing systems ecology based on mass, energy, and emergy metrics, we were able to quantitatively describe the city's resource metabolism. We found that by relying on a large amount of inflows to support anabolism compared with catabolic flows, Macao was able to absorb large amounts of negative-entropy materials, and that these flows of resources supported both its survival and its booming development. We also found tremendously high heat dissipation, and that after accounting for catabolism, the city retained less than 10% of the total input for anabolism.

Reimagining the past – use of counterfactual trajectories in socio-hydrological modelling: the case of Chennai, India

Abstract. The developing world is rapidly urbanizing. One of the challenges associated with this growth will be to supply water to growing cities of the developing world. Traditional planning tools fare poorly over 30–50 year time horizons because these systems are changing so rapidly. Models that hold land use, economic patterns, governance systems or technology static over a long planning horizon could result in inaccurate predictions leading to sub-optimal or paradoxical outcomes. Most models fail to account for adaptive responses by humans that in turn influence water resource availability, resulting in coevolution of the human–water system. Is a particular trajectory inevitable given a city's natural resource endowment, is the trajectory purely driven by policy or are there tipping points in the evolution of a city's growth that shift it from one trajectory onto another? Socio-hydrology has been defined as a new science of water and people that will explicitly account for such bi-directional feedbacks. However, a particular challenge in incorporating such feedbacks is imagining technological, social and political futures that could fundamentally alter future water demand, allocation and use. This paper offers an alternative approach – the use of counterfactual trajectories – that allows policy insights to be gleaned without having to predict social futures. The approach allows us to "reimagine the past"; to observe how outcomes would differ if different decisions had been made. The paper presents a "socio-hydrological" model that simulates the feedbacks between the human, engineered and hydrological systems in Chennai, India over a 40-year period. The model offers several interesting insights. First, the study demonstrates that urban household water security goes beyond piped water supply. When piped supply fails, users turn to their own wells. If the wells dry up, consumers purchase expensive tanker water or curtail water use and thus become water insecure. Second, unsurprisingly, different initial conditions result in different trajectories. But initial advantages in piped infrastructure are eroded if the utility is unable to expand the piped system to keep up with growth. Both infrastructure and sound management decisions are necessary to ensure household water security although the impacts of mismanagement may not manifest until much later when the population has grown and a multi-year drought strikes. Third, natural resource endowments can limit the benefits of good policy and infrastructure. Cities can boost recharge through artificial recharge schemes. However, cities underlain by productive aquifers can better rely on groundwater as a buffer against drought, compared to cities with unproductive aquifers.

Ciudades educadoras y ciudades creativas, las nuevas fórmulas de la pedagogía social en el siglo XXI

La Carta de Ciudades Educadoras sistematiza los vínculos entre ciudad y educación. La ciudad es el marco para establecer relaciones, construir identidades y adquirir conocimientos en el proceso educativo. El concepto de ciudades educadoras, surgido a finales de siglo XX, y sus instrumentos, los Proyectos Educativos de Ciudad (PEC), reclaman la participación del conjunto de los ciudadanos en los asuntos públicos y que gobierno local cree las condiciones que faciliten la contribución de los agentes sociales y educativos. Este artículo se refiere a la experiencia llevada a cabo en la ciudad industrial de Vigo (España) por la Concejalía de Educación (durante el mandato 2007-2011, bajo la responsabilidad de la concejala, profesora y psicopedagoga Laura López Atrio, y sus investigaciones posteriores sobre la materia), cuyo modelo puede servir de referente para el desarrollo de otras experiencias semejantes. Sus resultados constituyen un elemento trasladable a otros escenarios urbanos, especialmente en aquellos donde a la población nativa de origen se suman amplios colectivos de inmigrantes asentados, especialmente de Hispanoamérica, el Norte de África y Centro Europa. La Carta de Ciudades educadoras, aprobada el año 1990, revisada en noviembre 2004, en Génova en el marco del VIII Congreso de Ciudades Educadoras, expresa y recoge la filosofía en la que se asienta este movimiento educativo y social, al tiempo que fija los parámetros científicos, dentro de los que han de desarrollarse los vínculos entre ciudad y educación. Todos los recursos de la ciudad han de ser aprovechados para la formación de ciudadanos, cultos, libres y participativos.

The Transformation of ‘Unayza: Where is the “Paris of Najd” today?

‘Unayza was a prominent urban center in Arabia at the height of the oil boom, at times even referred to as the “Paris of Najd”. As a combined result of the consolidation of the Saudi central state in the 1930’s, increased oil revenues in the 1970’s and the recent nationalization of Saudi identity, ‘Unayza has lost much of its former glory and reputation. Although a sizable city with all necessary services, it has been turned into a city lacking in attractiveness, and devoid of real economic decision‑making power or political weight at the national level. ‘Unayza’s significance is dwindling and the city no longer stands out from other Saudi Arabian cities. The article analyzes the reasons for the fall‑off and argues that this relative decline stems from overwhelming state control over the city's administration and resources, the collusion of the elites and a rapid transformation of social and economic standards.

Extreme sea-level rise and adaptation options for coastal resort cities: A qualitative assessment from the Gold Coast, Australia

The Gold Coast, Australia is a coastal resort city whose urban environment has evolved through a series of human interventions on the natural shoreline. Such cities rely on a perceived high quality environment which in turn is reliant on continuing maintenance (e.g. beach nourishment, inlet dredging, drainage). Climate change consequently holds particular challenges for coastal resort cities. Sea-level rise impacts are likely to be manifest in increased frequency of flooding and beach erosion episodes. Here we consider adaptation options for the city under various future sea-level rise (SLR) scenarios at the high end of current predictions for the next century (+1 m, +2 m and +5 m) with the proviso that the beach and waterways must be preserved to enable the city to continue to exist as a resort.We conclude that pre-planned adaptation would probably enable the city to survive SLR of 1m. An unplanned response to the same SLR would likely be characterised by periodic crises, growing uncertainty and public unease and would have marginal chances of success. For a 2m SLR we contend that even with an adaptation plan in place, the scale of measures required would severely stretch the city's resources. Under a 5m SLR over the next century we do not believe that any amount of planning would enable the city to survive as a coastal resort.Any adaptation to SLR would involve increased cost to maintain the artificial coastal environment. Adaptation options are particularly constrained by the widespread development around the waterways of the back-barrier area. Unlike other coastal cities, resorts depend on a public perception of a high quality environment. Maintaining this perception under SLR imposes particular adaptation constraints on resort cities.

Balancing urban and peri‐urban exchange: water geography of rural livelihoods in Mexico

The peri-urban area is the region where there is a more dynamic interaction between the urban and rural. The peri-urban area supplies natural resources, such as land for urban expansion and agricultural products to feed the urban population. In arid and semi-arid lands, such as northern Mexico, these areas may also be the source of water for the city's domestic demand. In addition, scholars argue that peri-urban residents may have a more advantageous geographical position for selling their labour and agricultural products in cities and, by doing so, sustaining their livelihoods. A considerable number of studies have examined the peri-urban to urban natural resources transfer in terms of land annexation, housing construction, and infrastructure issues; however, the study of the effects of the reallocation of peri-urban water resources to serve urban needs is critical as well because the livelihoods of peri-urban residents, such as those based on agriculture and livestock, depend on water availability. In the case of Hermosillo there is a tremendous pressure on the water resources of peri-urban small farm communities or ejidos because of urban demand. Based on interviews and structured surveys with producers and water managers, this paper examines how peri-urban livelihoods have been reshaped by the reallocation of the city's natural resources in many cases caused some ejido members or ejidatarios to lose livelihoods.

Urban Metabolism in China Achieving Dematerialization and Decarbonization in Suzhou

Urban metabolism is a critical component of urban sustainability. On the basis of the driving force−pressure−state−response (DPSR) model and using material flow analysis, this article proposes a framework for sustainable urban management and policy assessment. A case study city in China, Suzhou, illustrates this framework. The results show that resource consumption (excluding water), water consumption, and waste generation (excluding carbon dioxide) in Suzhou after implementation of proposed policies will be 14% lower than 2005 levels, 4.5% higher, and 28.9% higher, respectively, in 2015. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Suzhou will increase by 71.0% in 2015 over 2005 levels, whereas carbon intensity (CO2 emissions per unit of gross domestic product) will decrease by 44.9%. Future pollution control in Suzhou should pay more attention to pollution from vehicles. In addition, goals for relative dematerialization of energy and decarbonization in Suzhou will be achieved before absolute ones are. In the short term, the urban metabolism of Suzhou in 2015 may meet corresponding urban objectives. In the longer term, however, reducing the city's resource demand and waste generation will pose challenges for the sustainability of Suzhou.

Waterpower in Lowell: Engineering and Industry in Nineteenth-Century America (review)

Reviewed by: Waterpower in Lowell: Engineering and Industry in Nineteenth-Century America John K. Brown (bio) Waterpower in Lowell: Engineering and Industry in Nineteenth-Century America. By Patrick M. Malone. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009. Pp. xii+254. $25. Historians of technology may well wonder if there is anything more to say about Lowell, Massachusetts, and its textile mills. The answer is yes. Water-power in Lowell offers a fresh interpretive framework and new research, focused at the intersection of environmental and technological history. Patrick Malone chiefly describes the design and operation of the city's unique resource—the natural and technological system of water-generated energy that powered its massive brick mills for over a century. He tells that story from many angles, returning across the narrative to the remarkable career of James B. Francis, the longtime chief engineer/manager of waterpower at Lowell. With extensive original research, Malone goes well beyond all the earlier Lowell studies to describe Francis's remarkable career. The book's other major accomplishment is its unique blend of environmental and technological history. Textile mill operations and profits depended on a vast range of environmental factors mediated by technology and law, factors ranging from the water levels of New Hampshire ponds to legislative protections for spawning fish. Malone offers a great model for integrating technological and environmental history. The book's coverage is straightforward. Chapter 1 lays out the geographic endowments that eventually drew the Boston Associates to Lowell. Chapter 2 gives the now-familiar story of how Lowell came into being. Here the main (and novel) focus is on the work of designing and building the new power canals. Malone also explains in detail the unique corporate structure that would govern Lowell, with a single firm developing its water-power endowments, then leasing those "millpowers" to textile firms. In the cozy world of the Boston Associates, the textile firms ultimately controlled the power company—Locks & Canals—through interlocking directorates. This structure avoided the market failures that often stymied riparian development elsewhere. At Lowell, no single firm could dominate riparian rights, raising dams and hogging water at the expense of its neighbors. This chapter also describes the design of sluices, gates, and waterwheels that powered the first mills. The next chapter outlines the main challenge that confronted James Francis over his half-century career with Locks & Canals: how to expand overall power supplies to the ten mills in the system while ensuring fair treatment to each. Francis had to devise methods to manage an endlessly dynamic system. Each night, Locks & Canals impounded water upstream of Lowell for release into the power canals on the following day. Each season called for precautions against flood or drought, while each year brought [End Page 199] business pressures to expand the system. Francis (and Malone) paid a lot of attention to the hydrologic cycle; nature ultimately governed the system. But nature could be improved. By the 1850s, Locks & Canals bought up much of the New Hampshire backcountry, determined to control the watershed that made Lowell possible. With that control, Francis used the entire region to bank water and regulate its flow through Lowell. By telegraph, he ordered releases from dammed lakes tributary to the Merrimack. All that civil engineering had one goal: to assure steady operations in the Lowell mills. It all cost a lot of money, and Francis had to ensure that all the textile manufacturers paid their fair share. To that end, he devised an extensive testing program to determine accurately the flow of water into each mill. Chapter 4 details Francis's pioneering and rigorous experimental methods to measure flow, hallmarks of the new professionalism in engineering. Measurement also provided important guidance to his efforts to devise a new prime mover. His water turbine proved far more efficient than the breast wheels inherited from the medieval millwrights. Chapter 5 describes Francis's work to protect Lowell from flood and fire. Flood had threatened every humble gristmill ever built beside a stream. At Lowell the stakes grew considerably, with millions in property and thousands of lives at risk. Francis showed great foresight in building a "great gate" for diverting floodwaters, a measure that has repeatedly...

Conference report: Planning's future – futures planning: planning in an era of global (un)certainty and transformation The 3rd World Planning Schools Congress Perth, Western Australia, 4–8 July 2011

The Global Planning Education Association Network (GPEAN) had an ambitious idea for the new millennium - an international conference of planning educators that was launched with the 2001 World Planning Schools Congress (WPSC) in Shanghai. The objective is to bring together the finest scholars from nine regional associations of planning schools, every five years. Following the 2006 congress in Mexico City, the Australian and New Zealand Association of Planning Schools (ANZAPS) volunteered to organise the 2011 congress in Perth, Western Australia. The principal advantage of a joint academic congress is the opportunity to interact with scholars from many different regions, but transporting the participants to one location can be challenging. So GPEAN and ANZAPS were taking a risk - would the global planning academy assemble in Western Australia? Perth: the city Perth is the capital city of Western Australia, an enormous state with vast natural resources that encompasses over one-third of the country. The city (pop. 1.4 million) is located in the southwest corner of the continent, with its CBD on a dramatic waterfront site on the Swan River, 20 km upstream from the historic port of Freemantle. Although European settlement began in 1829, Perth is essentially a modern city, expanding from a post-war population of 350,000 under the guidance of a 1955 regional plan prepared by Gordon Stephenson and Alistair Hepburn. With a sunny climate that rivals Los Angeles and an attractive waterfront setting, Perth often joins Melbourne and Sydney on lists of the world's most liveable cities. The city's booming resource economy, modern architecture and can-do attitude remind me of Calgary. As local historian Jenny Gregory (2008) points out, Perth also shares many of Calgary's planning issues - limited historic preservation in its booming CBD, vast low-density suburban development and extensive automobile use. Peter Newman, the prominent sustainability scholar, is located in Freemantle and has been active in encouraging the region to revitalise its electric rail network and enforce transitoriented development. Perth: the host The congress host was ANZAPS, with the University of Western Australia's Dr Paul Maginn as conference chair. UWA is a large, public comprehensive research university, located on a lovely waterfront site in an inner suburb of Perth. The opening reception was held at UWA's beautiful Winthrop Hall, but the remainder of the congress took place at the new Perth Convention and Exhibition Centre on the edge of the CBD. Delegates enjoyed a sweeping panorama of the Swan River waterfront from the glass-walled lobby of the convention centre during every break. Most delegates stayed in central hotels and learned to navigate the maze of mid-block arcades and second-level pedestrian bridges that interconnect Perth's CBD in the Modern style of Minneapolis or Calgary. Keynote speakers Dr Rob Freestone (University of New South Wales) started the congress with a lively and engaging presentation on 'Teaching Tomorrowland', reminding us of different approaches for planning's orientation to the past, present and future. Freestone, Australia's leading planning history scholar, cleverly walked us through the important planning issues of the recent past, illustrated by the changing views of central Perth from King's Park (see Figures 1 and 2). Rob argued that practicing planners may spend too much time focused on the perpetual present and that the profession must maintain a futures orientation to remain relevant to society. The planning academy can reinforce this orientation by 'Teaching Tomorrowland' with a better array of courses devoted to long-term planning, risk analysis and futures. Billy Cobbett (City Alliance) brought the global elements of the congress theme forward with his keynote address 'Formalizing the Informal: Preparing for a World of Cities'. He reminded the delegates of the problems of rapid urbanisation throughout Africa and Asia, illustrating that traditional Western master planning techniques were inappropriate for these cities. …

GROUNDWATER EXTRACTION MODELLING FOR KUALA LUMPUR WATER RESOURCE PLANNING

Portable water consumption in Kuala Lumpur and the surrounding area is expected to grow by 34% from 2005 to 2010. This increase in demand will be met by the construction of new reservoirs. However, reservoirs are dependent on rainfall and during prolonged periods of drought, as occurred in 1998, they could become empty. Therefore it is of great importance to develop alternative sources of water supply, including groundwater, to mitigate the effects of a serious water crisis. In this paper, results from a preliminary study on Kuala Lumpur's groundwater resources are presented. Modelling of the city's groundwater resources is extremely difficult given the limitations imposed by data availability and the karstic nature of some aquifers. Hence, the research presented here serves as a starting point for further studies rather than providing any definitive conclusions. In addition to the study results, the planning implications of groundwater extraction are discussed.

GROUNDWATER EXTRACTION MODELLING FOR KUALA LUMPUR WATER RESOURCE PLANNING

Portable water consumption in Kuala Lumpur and the surrounding area is expected to grow by 34% from 2005 to 2010. This increase in demand will be met by the construction of new reservoirs. However, reservoirs are dependent on rainfall and during prolonged periods of drought, as occurred in 1998, they could become empty. Therefore it is of great importance to develop alternative sources of water supply, including groundwater, to mitigate the effects of a serious water crisis. In this paper, results from a preliminary study on Kuala Lumpur's groundwater resources are presented. Modelling of the city's groundwater resources is extremely difficult given the limitations imposed by data availability and the karstic nature of some aquifers. Hence, the research presented here serves as a starting point for further studies rather than providing any definitive conclusions. In addition to the study results, the planning implications of groundwater extraction are discussed.

IMPACT OF CONFLICT BETWEEN REGIONAL PLANNING POLICY AND CITIES STRATEGIES UPON CITIES URBAN SITUATION CASE STUDY: MANSOURA CITY, EGYPT

This paper discuss the problem of urban growth of metropolitan cities, which often occur steadily at the expense of land, especially if the attention of planners urban development comes in the framework of achieving people's needs and maintain the city's resources in a balanced, and that witnesses the world to economic changes and transformations with multiple end of the twentieth century and the beginnings of the new century (globalization, new world economic order, a revolution of information and communication). These global changes will have significant impact on the attitudes of urban development in Egypt, especially in determining the direction and rate of urban development. The reasons for choosing the city of Mansoura to a case study because of its specifications are similar to the regional cities which are urban growth at the expense of the surrounding agricultural land, the growth is not simple, particularly as it is on the agricultural land classified as firstclass in terms of quality and richness of soil productivity and crop structure. Hence the importance of studying and monitoring the growth of the city to prevent the negative effects of unregulated growth and shows that significantly through the study of urban growth of the city from 1903 until now. Therefore, research aims to:
assess the usefulness of governmental actions to the problems of urban growth and the success of the planned destruction of the city of Mansoura in 2012 to solve the problem of urbanization and the development of residential areas degraded.
to provide the best solutions to overcome the problems of urban growth (urban and environmental), by providing a new vision of the concept applied to the nature of the planned destruction of the city of Mansoura to impose conditions and improve the quality of housing, through an overview of the future based on communication and sustainability, and optimal utilization of available resources in the city.
analysis and evaluation of policies and strategies proposed to solve the problems of urban growth in the development plans to provide a new vision of the scheme of the city of Mansoura year. He specialized in research examining the negative consequences for the growth of the city of Mansoura to unplanned land use and therefore the residential areas, then make several assumptions have been aimed at achieving the objective of the research are as follows:
the level in the Nile Delta: The Politics of Urban Development Region must be consistent with the absorptive capacity of cities in the region taking into account the mutual influences between these cities to each other.
the level of Daqahliya: policies and strategies to solve the problems of land should be through a policy of comprehensive, integrated and not part of these strategies should be based on the thought of sustainable development.
the level of the city of Mansoura: The planned destruction of the city of Mansoura in 2012 is not appropriate to resolve the problems urban city, the new thought for another comprehensive plan must be submitted.
Method of research is descriptive method of the suit and comparative study between the target and has been implemented - the analytical method to analyze urban growth of the city - the measurements and analysis of the results of these measurements, especially for the extent of contamination incident in the city.

City Culture and Artistic Creation

The world of nature and its countryside and wilderness environments (on land and sea) undoubtedly provide extremely important resources for artistic creation. Without nature -- without its energies, rhythms, colors, shapes, textures, sounds, harmonies, discords, and causal relations, art would never have been able to thrive. But despite the essential artistic importance of nature, in Western culture it is generally recognized that the greatest achievements of art are to be found in cities. Cities contain not only the greatest cultural resources for creating art but also the most developed facilities for presenting and preserving it. After noting some philosophically influential theories of the city, I explore the city's diverse resources for artistic creation and see how they are related to the essential structure of urban life. These resources include material culture as well as the more symbolic level of social, political, historical, and aesthetic cultural resources. In considering the question of how cities deploy their basic structure and defining resources to advance artistic creation, I give special attention to New York City's role in the artistic flourishing of the Harlem Renaissance. The paper concludes by suggesting that the city is not only a wonderfully rich source for the creation of works of art but that it also can also be considered as itself embodying a work of art, a product of creative human design and expression that can be understood, appreciated, and evaluated aesthetically.