City Of Villahermosa Research Articles

Diversity of urban trees in the city of Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico

Diversity of urban trees in the city of Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico

A Risk-Based Approach for the Analysis of Flood Impact in Villahermosa (Tabasco, Mexico)

Floods in Villahermosa are events that have occurred frequently over the centuries, due to the city’s location at the mouth of two of the most powerful rivers in Mexico. Flooding effects on residents have become increasingly damaging over the years as a consequence of the increase in frequency and intensity of extreme weather phenomena, in addition to poor land-use planning policies. The increase in population and consequent urban expansion are certainly causes of the problem, which are reflected in poor urban planning policy and in an almost absent perception of risk. In this work, we present a methodology for the construction of flood risk maps based on a hydraulic study, analysis of social vulnerability indexes, calculation of severity indexes and construction of hazard maps. The results of the hydraulic simulations show that relatively frequent rainfall causes floods of the order of 2 m, in agreement with annual observations conducted in Villahermosa. More extreme rainfall can lead to flooding greater than 4 m in marginalized areas of the city. The areas at greatest risk are sections close to the rivers that cross the city, and the estimated economic damage is greater than USD 14 million. Risk maps presented here constitute the first effort of an integrated study to couple flood analysis with the calculation of economic damage in the city of Villahermosa, and provide important tools to conscientize populations in their perception of risk, but also create the basis for a conscious urbanization policy.

Management of an urban lagoon. Study case: Ilusiones Lagoon, Tabasco, Mexico

As a delta, Tabasco, located in the Mexican southeast, is susceptible to flooding. The city of Villahermosa, the capital of Tabasco, is not an exception. The most recent event occurred in November 2020, when an excess of rain provoked an urban lagoon to exceed its levels. The lagoon discharges at a river by a diversion channel controlled by a culvert. To analyze it, a hydraulic model -HEC RAS V6.0- was used. Precipitation, flow, and level data recorded during 2020 were used to simulate four scenarios: I) one culvert of 1.5 m x 1.75 m (current situation); II) three culverts of 1.5 m x 1.75 m; III) three culverts of 2 m x 2.5 m; and IV) one culvert of 10 m x 2.5 m. The dimensions of the culverts were subject to the available physical space of the discharge channel. It was found that the best performance was achieved with scenario II. This result is contrasting because this alternative is not the largest as might be expected; it is also encouraging because it improves the performance of this lagoon. With this proposal, we reduce the damage by 75.31%, which means 296 homes are protected. Finally, the proposed methodology can guide designers and decision-makers to evaluate hydraulic works in urban lagoons like those presented in this work.

Proposal for the improvement of the integral logistics of a courier, shipping and express delivery company in the city of Villahermosa, Tabasco

Logistics activities currently represent variables of singular importance in the competitiveness of companies, which is evidenced by evaluating their impact on costs, their link with the level of customer service, their importance in the reliability of operations, safety, and their determining role with respect to many of the values perceived by the market. The purpose of this study is to evaluate logistics processes in an integral manner, considering the before, during and after of these processes. The methodology considers the Likert scale to collect qualitative aspects and transform them into quantitative aspects in order to obtain the necessary information to design a proposal that fits the requirements and needs of the company under study.

Marketing plan of a private institution of higher secondary education in the city of Villahermosa, Tabasco

The objective of this work is to develop a marketing plan in order to improve the productivity and market positioning of a private institution of higher secondary education, located in the city of Villahermosa, Tabasco. The marketing plan aims to increase student enrollment and improve the financial situation of the institution. The methodology used was a mixed methodology, since qualitative and quantitative data were used. Carrying out this work will help other institutions of this type to create and implement their own marketing plans to improve their positioning in the market.

Comprehensive diagnosis of productivity to a freight transportation company in the city of Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico, for an improvement proposal

The importance of marketing generates economic growth to people involved, in this way it also brings competitiveness in the market, bringing improvements in the innovation of new tools that facilitate the work of human being, also obtaining benefits such as continuous improvement and a better Economy for society, the present project aimed at the proposal of a marketing logistics model for the producers of Havana Chile of Villahermosa Centro. With the purpose of improving competitiveness in the state, in the same way to offer new training to the farmers of the Havana Chile, the diagnostic tools were designed according to the information obtained from the analysis of the interviews. Likewise, the results obtained from the analysis and development of the design of the logistics method of marketing will be attached, improving the supply chain.

Study of the productivity in microenterprises of the commercial sector for businesswomen in the city of Villahermosa, Tabasco, and generate a proposal for improvement

Microenterprises in Mexico cover 95.2%, generate 45.6% of employment and contribute 15% of the value added to the economy. Contribute to this segment since the competitive environment is not only a matter of productivity, but also that it must be merged with other elements such as quality, efficiency, effectiveness, strategy, having a model and a comprehensive system, everything for an organization to be successful. In a market where the consumer has a variety of options, increased productivity and improved quality are vital factors to ensure the permanence of the organization. That is why the improvement and measurement of productivity must be continuous and is the responsibility of all areas/departments of the organization. In order to increase productivity in this sector, the heads in charge must understand that external variables are closely related to their decision making, the scope of their objectives and the fulfillment of goals.

Study of Integral Logistics in areas of a supermarket, in the city of Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico, for a comprehensive improvement proposal

The central purpose of the project is the study of Integral Logistics in which it is analyzed in two specific areas: Human Resources and Warehouse. Both areas belong to an internationally renowned supermarket located in the city of Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico. The objective of the study is to collect information on the "Before, During, and After" of the development of the activities of the aforementioned departments, in order to collect the necessary information and prepare a Measurement Instrument structured to suit the organization under study. Said Instrument contains specific questions according to the activities carried out in each area, to subsequently measure them through the Likert scale. This Instrument allows data to be collected in a quantitative way, highlighting the areas of opportunity of the different departments in question, granting items as a reference to achieve an interpretation of the percentage of responses obtained. Said data collection instrument was completed with the support of the General Manager of the branch understudy, which was carried out through the Microsoft Teams platform, where the necessary information was obtained in order to later be interpreted according to the elements obtained. These helped to capture the results obtained in pie charts and develop a proposal for improvement.

Analysis of the productivity of the copra sector in the municipality of Comalcalco, Tabasco for the design of a development proposal

Productivity is very important in any economic sector of any country, since it is fundamental within an organization, the higher productivity, the greater the probability that an organization will grow economically over time, therefore, it will be able to remain stable and survive to any situation, change or circumstance within it. This research seeks to analyze the productivity of the copper sector, through applied research, in the municipality of Comalcalco, Tabasco in the city of Villahermosa. In which a correlational, descriptive and field research methodology is used. The productivity of the copper sector is analyzed considering the relationship with the variables of the environmental, cultural, economic, political, social and technological context. Considering the behavior of the research variables in the different international, national and local contexts, the appropriate formats are designed to be able to collect information the TIEP (Comprehensive Productivity Evaluation Technique) which serves as a basis to know the current situation of said sector and to be able to determine the opportunities for improvement through the contribution of a development proposal which helps to increase productivity and allows the improvement of the retail sector and can be competitive.

Analysis of formulations of probiotics accessible to the population of Tabasco, México

Objetivo: En este estudio se identificaron las formulaciones que contienen probióticos que se venden en establecimientos del Estado de Tabasco, se analizó su composición y se comparó con formulaciones que se pueden adquirir mediante su compra en línea.
 Materiales y métodos: Se identificaron las formulaciones que contienen probióticos que se venden en 21 establecimientos de la ciudad de Villahermosa y se compararon con 30 suplementos probióticos que se venden en línea. La información de los productos se registró en una base de datos y se analizó atendiendo a su forma farmacéutica, a los géneros, especies/subespecies de probióticos que contienen y a su clasificación como probióticos o simbióticos y como medicamentos o suplementos.
 Resultados: Se analizaron 31 productos locales y 30 productos de venta en línea los cuales se presentan en 6 formas farmacéuticas diferentes. Solo 5 de los productos locales y ninguno de venta en línea están registrados como medicamentos en COFEPRIS. El 48% de las formulaciones es monocepa y el resto multicepa. El 72% de las formulaciones son probióticos y el resto simbióticos. Se identificaron 46 especies de 13 géneros en los 61 productos analizados. El 39% fueron comunes a los productos locales y de venta en línea. Destacan por su abundancia de especies y por el número de productos que los contienen los géneros Lactobacillus y Bifidobacterium. El género Bacillus fue el único que nunca estuvo en combinación con especies de otros géneros en las formulaciones.
 Conclusiones: La población del estado de Tabasco puede encontrar cuando menos 31 formulaciones que contienen probióticos en establecimientos locales. La variedad incrementa si consideramos los suplementos que se pueden comprar en línea. En particular, los suplementos multicepa. Los productos registrados ante COFEPRIS aseguran que sus beneficios están respaldos por ensayos clínicos en humanos y son elaborados siguiendo las buenas prácticas de manufactura.

Las redes semánticas en torno a la burocracia y la función pública de los habitantes de Villahermosa, Tabasco, como parte de las representaciones sociales y la imagen de los servidores e instituciones públicas

A pesar de que la burocracia y la función pública son modelos, actuaciones y resultados de una forma muy específica de organización, trabajo y administración, inoperante para la mayor parte de la sociedad civil, las instituciones públicas que las practican generan una imagen institucional y diversas representaciones sociales que pueden ayudarnos a comprender las percepciones, aspiraciones, experiencias, juicios de valor y explicaciones, positivas o negativas, que las personas tienen al interactuar con ellas. Por lo que, a través de las redes semánticas naturales, se pudieron determinar los campos semánticos que hay sobre la burocracia y la función pública de una institución en 100 personas de la ciudad de Villahermosa, Tabasco. Los resultados arrojan la coexistencia de valores positivos y negativos como parte de la imagen y de las representaciones sociales. De manera más específica, la burocracia tiene una imagen y representación social negativa, pero los funcionarios públicos tienen una imagen y representación social positiva. Un análisis más amplio de otras instituciones públicas establecerá un panorama más claro sobre los aspectos positivos o negativos de la imagen y de las representaciones sociales de las instituciones públicas de esa zona.

Air quality trend and proposal of a web application for the atmospheric monitoring network in Tabasco, México.

Air pollution is an increasingly concerning problem given it constitutes a risk for people’s health and the environment. In Mexico, there are some regions where society does not know the conditions of air quality, and in some others this information is not used or analyzed. Hence is important the study of air quality evolution to generate strategies that allow to mitigate adverse effects on population. In this research we analyze the trend of Criteria Air Pollutants (PM 10 , O 3 and CO), considering the distribution of good, regular and bad days for air quality, as well as the trend of hourly, daily, monthly and annual concentrations in the city of Villahermosa, Tabasco between 2011-2017, with information provided by the State government, in order to design an effective communication mechanism. We obtained air quality indicators based on the official Mexican regulation and the temporal behavior of the pollutants. Additionally, we trained artificial neural network models for the prediction of air pollutant concentration. Finally, we propose the design of a web portal for the communication of air quality. According to the weekly behavior, is shown that we are exposed daily to potential health hazards by any of the air pollutants, also that the second trimester of each year shows the worst conditions and that the pollutants that have a greater contribution to air pollution in the city are CO, PM 10 and O 3 . Likewise, the tendencies of PM 10 and O 3 indicate a slow decrease of -0.5 ug/m3-year, -0.0004 ppm-year respectively, which requires a redefinition of government strategies that may potentiate their decrease. In this sense, the web portal is proposed under two main approaches: First, with the purpose of communication, aimed to the society so it can take preventive measures on their exposure to high contamination levels. The second approach is aimed to the academic community and government authorities, with graphic information on the criteria air pollutants’ tendencies, providing analytical elements for structuring environmental policies.

Genetic diversity of HLA system in two populations from Tabasco, Mexico: Villahermosa and rural Tabasco

We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in 224 Mexicans from the state of Tabasco living in the city of Villahermosa (N = 82) and rural communities (N = 142), to obtain information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies. We found that the most frequent haplotypes in Tabasco include 13 Native American and two European haplotypes. Admixture estimates revealed that the main genetic components in Tabasco are Native American (67.79 ± 1.59% by ML; 56.25% of Native American haplotypes) and European (27.21 ± 3.97% by ML; 29.91% of European haplotypes), and a less prominent African genetic component (5.01 ± 4.42% by ML; 8.93% of African haplotypes).

Rainfall Trend Analysis in the City of Villahermosa, Mexico

Rainfall Trend Analysis in the City of Villahermosa, Mexico

Impact of Urban Growth and Changes in Land Use on River Flood Hazard in Villahermosa, Tabasco (Mexico)

The city of Villahermosa, a logistical center in the State of Tabasco’s economy, is affected by recurrent river floods. In this study, we analyzed the impact of two factors that are the most probable causes of this increase in flood hazard: changes in land use in the hydrological catchments upstream of the city, and the uncontrolled urbanization of the floodplains adjacent to the main river channels. Flood discharges for different return periods were evaluated, considering land uses of the catchments, both as they were in 1992 and as they are today. These flood discharges were then used in a 2D shallow water model to estimate the increase of water depths in the city from 1992 to the present day. To evaluate the influence of urban expansion on inundation levels, three future urbanization scenarios were proposed on the basis of the urban growth rate forecast for 2050. Results confirm that the change in land use in the hydrological catchments is the main factor that explains the increase in inundation events observed over recent years. This study also provides useful insights for future city planning that might help to minimize the flood impact on Villahermosa.

Temporal changes in the hydrology and nutrient concentrations of a large tropical river: Anthropogenic influence in the Lower Grijalva River, Mexico

AbstractDam construction and nutrient loading are among the greatest threats to freshwater ecosystems, altering ecological processes and the provisioning of ecosystem services. Temporal change in hydrology and ambient nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations was studied on the Grijalva, a large tropical river in southern Mexico, where four hydroelectric dams operate and where land conversion has impacted the freshwater environment. Temporal changes in discharge and in river chemistry were examined by analysing long‐term discharge and nutrient data using the software Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration and Mann–Kendall tests. Furthermore, additional water chemistry samples were collected to examine seasonal nutrient dynamics in the lower Grijalva. Long‐term discharge data indicated dam construction has severely altered temporal patterns in discharge and other hydrological characteristics. The lower Grijalva has also experienced increase in nitrate concentrations through time, which may be attributed to the expansion of agricultural and urban areas in the watershed. In contrast, total phosphorus appeared to decline at the sites influenced by dam construction. Lower nutrient concentrations were recorded upstream from the city of Villahermosa, suggesting that inputs from urban areas may have contributed to nutrient loading. Additionally, higher nitrate and total phosphorus concentrations were detected in tributaries draining intensive agricultural and suburban areas. Collectively, the results from the study suggest that dam construction and land conversion in large, tropical watersheds can produce chemical and hydrological changes, which may negatively impact important ecosystem services—such as fisheries and the provisioning of sources of drinking water—and may compromise the integrity of coastal zones.

Expectations towards alcohol consumption in school children between 8 and 12 years of age: a descriptive study.

The World Health Organization (WHO) indicates that the consumption of alcoholic beverages at social gatherings is common in many parts of the world and can have negative health and social consequences. Early initiation of alcohol use is a major risk factor for the development of patterns of abusive consumption of alcohol. To analyze the expectations towards alcohol consumption and to identify the age of onset of alcohol use in school children between 8 and 12 years of age. The study was exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional. Data were collected from February to March, 2016, at the elementary schools Prof. Claudio Cortés Castro and Manuel Prieto Diaz in the city of Villahermosa, Tabasco. The questionnaire of expectations towards alcohol for children was applied. Sample size was 203 children. Twenty eight percent of children had consumed alcohol once in life; mean age of consumption onset was between 8 and 9 years old. Most frequently, the drink was beer, mostly provided by the father in places of family life. Among alcohol consumption expectations, dimensions scoring higher were aggressiveness and sociability and the dimension scoring lower was that of negative states. With respect to expectations towards alcohol consumption, children think that consuming alcohol promotes aggressive behavior followed by swear words, disturbing other people and discussing with them. In contrast, there are situations produced by alcohol consumption that children fail to appreciate, such as sadness and shame.

Research Note. Occurrence of gastrointestinal helminths in commensal rodents from Tabasco, Mexico

Summary The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and species composition of helminths in commensal rodents captured inside private residences in the city of Villahermosa in Tabasco, Mexico. Trapping was performed at each house for three consecutive nights from October to December 2015. Fifty commensal rodents were captured: 23 Rattus norvegicus, 16 Mus musculus and 11 Rattus rattus. Rodents were transported alive to the laboratory and held in cages until they defecated. Feces were analyzed for helminth eggs using the Sheather’s flotation technique. The overall prevalence of helminths in rodents was 60 %: R. norvegicus was more likely to be parasitized (87.0 %) than R. rattus (63.6 %) and M. musculus (18.8 %). Eggs from at least 13 species of helminths were identified: Hymenolepis diminuta, Rodentolepis nana, Moniliformis moniliformis, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Heterakis spumosa, Mastophorus muris, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Strongyloides ratti, Syphacia obvelata, Syphacia muris, Toxocara sp., Trichosomoides crassicauda, and Trichuris muris. This is the first study to report the presence of H. polygyrus, S. ratti and T. crassicauda in commensal rodents in Mexico. In conclusion, our results suggest that helminths commonly infect commensal rodents in Villahermosa and therefore rodents present a health risk to inhabitants in this region.

Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in domestic dogs in Tabasco, southeastern Mexico.

The overall goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in dogs in the city of Villahermosa in Tabasco, Mexico. The study population consisted of 302 owned dogs that had limited access to public areas. A fecal sample was collected from each animal and examined for GI parasites by conventional macroscopic analysis and centrifugal flotation. Fecal samples from 80 (26.5%) dogs contained GI parasites. Of these, 58 (19.2%) were positive for helminths and 22 (7.3%) were positive for protozoan parasites. At least seven parasitic species were identified. The most common parasite was Ancylostoma caninum which was detected in 48 (15.9%) dogs. Other parasites detected on multiple occasions were Cystoisospora spp. (n = 19), Toxocara canis (n = 7) and Giardia spp. (n = 3). Three additional parasites, Dipylidium caninum, Trichuris vulpis and Uncinaria spp., were each detected in a single dog. No mixed parasitic infections were identified. In summary, we report a moderately high prevalence of GI parasites in owned dogs in Villahermosa, Tabasco. Several parasitic species identified in this study are recognized zoonotic pathogens which illustrates the important need to routinely monitor and treat dogs that live in close proximity to humans for parasitic infections.

Socially Differentiated Urban Flood Governance in Mexico: Ambiguous Negotiations and Fragmented Contestations

AbstractCities around the world are developing new ways of governing risks and vulnerabilities. In the new flood-governance measures, technological risk-prevention is linked to programmes of social resilience and cultural adaptation. By focusing on the catastrophic floods in the city of Villahermosa, Mexico, this article argues that new flood-governance strategies rely on complicated forms of neoliberal governance, in which flood governance is turned into a matter of adaptation and self-responsibilisation, while scant attention is paid to the socio-spatial distribution of vulnerabilities. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in three socially differentiated neighbourhoods of Villahermosa, this article demonstrates how flood-governance strategies and the residents' responses to them vary across the city and how the production of flood risk is connected to the uneven production of urban space. The institutional acts of governing aim to render certain population groups governable, whilst being unable to eradicate dispersed contestation efforts.