Russian People Research Articles

Psychology of Personal Political Engagement in Russia: Unpacking Perceived Community Culture, Pluralistic Ignorance, and System Justification

This study explores the relationship between Russian citizens’ self-reported political engagement and their system justification beliefs, perceptions of the system justification beliefs of other citizens, and perceptions of their community culture. We assessed personal political engagement through self-reported past behavior of 1,143 participants. The results revealed a negative relationship between individual personal system justification scores and political engagement. However, the analyses suggested that this relationship emerged because of pluralistic ignorance among the citizenry—their tendency to assume that others hold stronger system justification beliefs than they do. This possibility seemed especially likely among those who perceived themselves to inhabit vertical collectivist communities. These results suggest that beliefs about the system justification beliefs of others ( second-order beliefs) may shape personal system justification beliefs ( first-order beliefs). More generally, the findings emphasize the substantial role of cultural factors in political engagement in Russia.

The Russian language and state language policy in the formation of modern Russian civilization

This article examines the meaning and role of the Russian people unity, the role of communication in society in the state language, which is the fundamental basis of the civil self-identity of Russians. The article also substantiates the role of Russian language policy in four aspects (educational, scientific, cultural and legal) in order to preserve language as the cultural heritage of the nation in the formation of Russian civilization. The article emphasizes that the ability of the language to preserve the history, culture, and identity of the people for a long time ensures and maintains the state of national security and its spiritual unity at a high level.

Обзор научно-педагогической деятельности и вклада отечественного ученого М. Н. Гернета в развитие уголовно-правовой и криминологической науки

Introduction. This scientific study provides a brief overview of the creative path of the great Russian and Soviet scientist, Professor of Lomonosov Moscow State University – Mikhail Nikolaevich Gernet. Based on the analysis of scientific works written during the Soviet period of M. N. Gernet’s life and activity, the author outlined his personal point of view on his role in the evolving of a number of legal branches, as well as in the development of Russian legal science. This research will enable young Russian scholars and practitioners, as well as specialists interested in studying the origins of Russian law, to gain better and more thorough understanding of the content of legal phenomena, events, as well as legislative processes unfolding at the present time. Methods. The methodological basis of this study was formed by private-scientific methods, primarily content analysis of documents and legal methods, as well as general scientific methods, including historical, system analysis, generalisation, modelling and others. Results. In the course of this research project, it was possible to convincingly prove that that M. N. Gernet made a significant contribution to the development of criminology within legal science. His profound, fundamental, and advanced scientific research, both theoretical and practical, not only advanced the field for his time but also had a lasting impact on the field. Today, criminology is a sub-branch of criminal law, and its influence on Russian criminal legal theory is substantial. In addition, the author concludes that in the scientific works written by M. N. Gernet, most of the author’s points of view are based solely on humanistic approaches. Even when considering issues related to criminal punishment, the author endeavoured to expand the use of the parole system. Most of Professor M. N. Gernet’s scientific ideas are imbued with the principles of justice. Throughout his life, he sought to bridge the gap between theoretical scientific concepts and practical applications.

Избирательные правоотношения: правовая природа и роль в системе делегирования власти народом

The article reviews the legal nature and essence of electoral relations, defines their relevance. The author expresses an idea that electoral relations constitute the sphere that combines two key democracy angles: implementation of the mechanism of delegation of power by the people that includes exercising of subjective political rights of citizens and democratic establishment of legitimate public government authorities that are objectively needed for functioning of the state. The role of electoral relations in the system of delegation of power by the people seems to lie in harmonization of these two aspects. The paper notes the importance and timeliness of development of spheres of electoral relations associated with improvement of public control at elections, electronic voting in the online format, enhancement of implementation of the principle of inadmissibility of any foreign impact on the electoral process, provision of opportunity to exercise electoral rights to Russian citizens living or staying in foreign countries, increased role of the Central Election Commission of Russia and the entire system of election commissions in regulation and structuring of mechanisms of the direct rule of the people. The author emphasizes the need for development of personal responsible attitude to delegation of power by the people in the individual and public electoral legal consciousness.

Zootropes in V.I. Dal

INTRODUCTION. The article examines human nominations formed using animal names (zootropes) included by V.I. Dal in the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language”. This aspect of the analysis of the work, unique in its composition and volume of vocabulary, has not previously been the subject of research. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that Dal’s dictionary presents a real, living language used in a vast territory of Russia. The purpose of the study is an analytical description of the animal names used to designate and characterize, evaluate a person in Dal’s dictionary (19th century), as well as identifying nominations preserved in the modern language, according to the lexicography of the 21st century.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The research material is zootropes contained in the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language” by V.I. Dal: in the heading of the article, in the text and illustrations, as well as the latest version of the “Large Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language” of 2014. Semantic, comparative, word-formation and pragmatic methods were used.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. About 90 units naming animals (beasts, birds, fish, insects, snakes and reptiles) were identified, which native speakers in the 19th century used to designate humans. 80 % of them are included in the corpus of zootropes of the modern Russian language and are recorded in modern lexicography of the 21st century. As the analysis shows, the names of animals are used to characterize a person’s appearance, internal qualities and behavior, to express a positive, sharp negative assessment and abuse.CONCLUSION. Zootropes of the modern Russian language constitute a significant layer of vocabulary that has absorbed traditional Russian ideas about their values. The most important condemned human qualities that are designated with the help of zootropes in the 19th and 21st centuries are greed, anger, untidiness and sloppiness, immodesty, and uncommunicativeness.

Why most Ukrainians feel anger, hatred, or contempt toward Russian citizens after the 2022 Russian invasion

AbstractWe use four surveys from Ukraine asking respondents to name at most three emotions that describe their feelings toward Russian citizens to assess how and why responses have changed since the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. We find that 76% of Ukrainians now feel anger, hatred, or contempt toward Russian citizens compared to about 15% before the invasion. Respondents who agreed that Russian citizens supported the war to build an empire were especially more likely to feel either hatred, anger, or contempt. Perceived public desire for conquest speaks to perceived responsibility associated with anger and failure to meet an important standard associated with contempt. Additionally, anger, hatred, and contempt toward Russian citizens especially increased among respondents who mixed the use of Russian and Ukrainian or were from Eastern Ukraine, suggesting the invasion shifted attitudes toward Russian citizens among previously more pro‐Russian Ukrainians. Anger, hatred, and contempt toward both Russian citizens and the Russian government also have distinct action tendencies, cumulatively reducing support for a peaceful settlement.

Hidden pages of Mikhail Lomonosov’s biography

This article сonnects the unknown and hidden pages of M.V. Lomonosov’s biography with the exceptional role that this great polymath played in the development of Russian national science and higher education. Mikhail Lomonosov was born in the northern part of the Russian Empire, which fact had a significant influence on his personality. There, in the absence of serfdom, the “pomors” (“near sea”) — a subethnic group of the Russian people — acquired a freedom-loving mentality. An assumption is made about the genetic and social connection of Lomonosov with the Shuvalov family, who were famous public figures. An analysis of Lomonosov’s scientific ideas is carried out in the historical context of the world’s science in the 18th century.

SERGEY MAKSIMOV – CREATIVE CONTEMPLATOR OF RUSSIAN NATIONAL LIFE

In the article, against the backdrop of a general overview of the creative heritage of the writer-ethnographer Sergey Maksimov (1831‒1901), the specific features of the writer’s documentary prose related to its genre features, the creative position and method of work of the ethnographer, the author’s style of narration, and its stylistics are considered. Proverbs, sayings, puns, and phraseological units form the cultural and speech background in Maksimov’s prose, which is so necessary in ethnographic sketches of folk life. Rare examples of folkish eloquence collected and presented on the pages of the ethnographer’s books are analysed, reflecting the close connections of the everyday life and work activities of the Russian people with their rituals and poetry, as well as examples of folkish speech etiquette, to which Sergey Maksimov devoted several essays addressed to children and the common reader. Vivid examples of folkish language creation are given. The connection between Sergey Maksimov’s creative aspirations and major changes and promising trends in the domestic education system of the 1870s is emphasised. It is noted that the writer’s prose did not so much depict people’s life as recreate the people’s worldview.

Ethnolinguistic Bonds in the Speech of the Don and Ukrainian Dialects of the Volgograd Region

The article substantiates a comprehensive approach to defining the concept of ethnolinguistic bonds, characterizes the connection with the subject, the object of research within the framework of the problem posed, which is relevant for the anthropocentric paradigm of scientific knowledge. Taking into consideration the methodological principles developed in cultural-and-linguistic dialectology and ethnolinguistics, on the basis of the analysis carried out upon the facts extracted from the recordings of the Volgograd region inhabitants’ speech the author’s vision of the extralinguistic and intralinguistic foundations of the concept under consideration is presented; its definition is proposed. The integrative techniques of ethno-linguistic unity fixation are described. They are manifested by the Don and Ukrainian dialects speakers (and their descendants) in the means, which comprise the peculiarities of dialect speakers’ lexicon (monolingual and bilingual, monoethnors and biethnors) observed on the territories of mixed residence shared by the Don Cossacks and Ukrainian settlers and their descendants. These lexical bonds are classified. They are shown to reflect indirectly the universally significant realia of the surrounding world (people, objects, phenomena, processes and signs), as well as the traditions, represented in the collective cultural and historical heritage of the Slavic ethnic groups in the material and spiritual spheres of life on the territories of mixed residence. The peculiarities of interdialectal interaction in the formed speech continuum of the poly-Slavic society, who perceive themselves as Russian people, are determined.

Editions of Works by A.S. Pushkin in the Russian Abroad (1917–1988): To the 225th Anniversary of his Birth

For the first time, the history of publication of works by A.S. Pushkin is restored in Russian Abroad. The chronology of the periods of publications of the poet in emigration is reconstructed. There, the works of A.S. Pushkin’s works were published in all types of publications – in academic ones, works collections, selected works, publications for adult readers children, for educational purposes. The main attention was paid to the publishing houses that published the books of the great Russian poet in the capitals and in the main centers of the book business of the Russian emigration. In Berlin, the greatest number of the great Russian poet’s works were published by the publishing houses “I.P. Ladyzhnikov”, “Petropolis”, “Slovo”, “Neva”, and “Literatura”. In Paris, it is necessary to highlight the publishing houses of “E. Siyalskaya”, “Illustrated Russia”, “S. Lifar”. In Prague, A.S. Pushkin was published by “Nasha Rech”, “Kremlin”, “Slavyanskoe Publishing House” and “Khutor”. Celebrating the centenary of the tragic death of the great poet resulted in renewal of A.S. Pushkin works publications. The activities of the “Central Pushkin Committee in Paris” are highlighted. The features of A.S. Pushkin publications are explained for emigrants in Estonia and Latvia and the local Russian population. The main centers of the provincial book business of the Russian emigration in Harbin, Shanghai, and Buenos Aires are shown. The emergence of the second wave of Russian emigration contributed to a new period of publication of A.S. Pushkin’s books. The publishing activity of Russian emigrants in camps for displaced persons is studied. A brief outline of the history of DР publishing houses is given.

Психологическое состояние российской студенческой молодежи в условиях кризиса: связь с культурным и политическим патриотизмом

<p>The analysis of markers and determinants of the current psychological state of Russian youth as a risk group with high probability of combined influence on its state of normative crisis of identity and complex external conditions is important and necessary. In the study we conducted a hierarchical regression analysis of the correlation between the severity of psychological trauma associated with the special military operation and with the perception of the future of Russia (dependent variables) and cultural and political patriotism and several control variables (predictors). University students from Moscow, Omsk, Penza, Saratov, Smolensk, Khabarovsk (718 Russian citizens ages 18 to 25, M=19,4; SD=1,46, 21,6% of men) participated in the study. Data were collected in October 2022. We used the Russian version of “International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ)” and questions from the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP 2013). We found signs of psychological trauma in the third of respondents. The link between the psychological condition of students and cultural and political patriotism and some control variables has been revealed. Cultural patriotism, combined with a low level of political patriotism, has contributed to the psychological trauma of young people in the current crisis. Cultural patriotism combined with political patriotism is a factor of positiv perception of the future of Russia. Based on the results, we presented a portrait of student who is in great need of psychological help.</p>

Moral responsibility of russian citizens for aggression against Ukraine as a factor of pressure on their political will

The article focuses on the need to actualize the issue of bringing russian citizens to moral responsibility for violation of universal human values and other moral obligations of a person, which is expressed in their support for a large-scale war against Ukraine and the aggressive policy of the russian federation in general. In this vein, the author rethinks the concept of moral responsibility, argues for the inclusion of both individual and collective moral subjects, and highlights the impact of the means of moral responsibility on the formation of consciousness and, especially, the political will of the moral subject. In the discussion with other scholars, the author proposes that the subjects of collective responsibility include those structures, communities, and social groups that act as a collective actor, demonstrate their internal identity and are mutually responsible. The article argues that the russian public, which politically supports the current regime, is objectively a direct subject of the war and, accordingly, bears the full measure of direct political and moral guilt for the actions of its state and their consequences. It is proposed to call the supporters of the war “agents of war”, which will highlight their moral culpability. Therefore, it is important that not only the leadership of the russian federation, but also the entire russian public realise their part of the blame for the russian-Ukrainian war. It is proposed to incriminate moral and political culpability of russian citizens for the military aggression against Ukraine and to carry out information activities in order to make them aware of their personal and solidarity share of guilt and responsibility for this aggression. In order to give the moral condemnation of russian citizens a targeted and universal impact, the author argues for the establishment of a special international moral tribunal to encourage moral actors to fulfill their moral obligations, which will simultaneously contribute to the improvement of the security sphere of humanity. It is not about creating an official administrative structure, but about introducing a single humanistic information space that will counter this aggression. It is believed that it is in the form of a moral and ethical tribunal that the efforts of civilized countries, political, national and religious movements can be effectively united in the general condemnation of the russian aggression, its violation of human norms of goodness and justice, peace and secure existence. The central paradigm of the tribunal should be the phenomenon of safe human existence, human life as a value that excludes aggressive state policy and encroachment on human rights and freedoms. We believe that today, in counteracting russian information and psychological operations, we should focus more on the moral collective guilt and responsibility of all russian citizens who still stand in the position of not resisting evil.

УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ ДОСВІД ПРОТИДІЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІЙ ВІЙНІ РФ В УКРАЇНІ В УМОВАХ ПОВНОМАСШТАБНОЇ ВІЙНИ

The article attempts to analyze the Ukrainian experience of countering the infor- mation war of the russian federation in Ukraine in the conditions of a full-scale war. It is noted that the russian federation exerts a permanent informational influ- ence on the Ukrainian information space to spread narratives, fakes, PSYOP, and propaganda beneficial to the Kremlin. The main features of the Russian informa- tion war in Ukraine are outlined. It has been proven that the Kremlin, among other things, actively uses historical, cultural, linguistic and religious concepts in its information wars. Therefore, Ukraine tries to actively resist such influences by denying frankly false or distorted historical facts, defending its Church, language, and culture, gets rid of everything russian in toponyms, books, leisure, etc. At the state level, several draft laws have been initiated on the ban of the entry of russian citizens, on the status and use of the Ukrainian language in various spheres. In particular, the public performance, showing, and demonstration of phonograms, videograms, and music videos by artists who are citizens of the aggressor state is prohibited, the import of publishing products from russia, the temporarily oc- cupied territories of Ukraine, and belarus, as well as the publication and sale of books authored by russian citizens, is prohibited. In Ukraine, measures have been taken to stimulate the development of Ukrainian book publishing and book dis- tribution, a system of compensation payments for renting premises, and special certificates for the purchase of books has been worked out. Various forms of counteraction to russian informational influences are analyzed. These include the activity of the political and military leadership in social net- works, the video address of the President and the activity of other key perso- nalities, and the confrontation of memes. It is noted that the authorities, Ukrai- nian figures of culture, science, sports, show business, specialists in the field of information and communication technologies, etc., joined the countermeasures against the informational influences of the russian federation. It is indicated that the Ukrainian authorities establish and record the facts of mass murders of Ukrai- nians, terrorist acts, shelling, torture, sexual violence, and other crimes by the russian army. The aim is to counter russian propaganda, unite the world commu- nity on the side of truth, and bring criminals to justice. It has been proven that various ministries and agencies are working to counteract Russian informational influences, in particular the Center for the Prevention of Disinformation at the National Security Council of Ukraine, and the Information Security Strategy is being implemented. It has been established that Ukraini- ans have learned to comply with the instructions of the authorities regarding the prohibition of filming or photographing places where rockets fall or other arri- vals. The movement of military equipment, places of deployment of weapons, equipment, personnel, etc., so that it does not under any circumstances fall into the hands of the enemy. Ukrainians have understood how important it is not to spread dubious or unverified information on their pages on social networks, and how important it is to verify information and its source. And how, ultimately, it is important to observe banal rules of information hygiene and increase the level of media literacy.

Putin’s Ideological State

Russian President Vladimir Putin is often seen and characterised merely as a venal thug. To deal with him effectively, however, it is important to understand that he has a genuine, if misguided, ideology. The Kremlin has not merely composed, disseminated and imposed an official ideology on Russian society as a means of controlling the masses and concealing the Putin regime’s corruption. Ideology founded on grand ideas about Russia is central to Putin’s ruling philosophy. From the outset, his project was authoritarian with totalitarian intentions that have been realised through progressive political radicalisation. For Putin, Russia’s greatness is an end in itself and the highest attainment of the state and the Russian people. It is prudent to assume that Russia is preparing for major war with the West.

The exclusion of Russia from Council of Europe: initial reflections on the effects

Abstract The new situation related to Russia’s aggression against Ukraine led to Russia’s exclusion from the Council of Europe and the European regional human rights protection system in March 2022. This article aims to examine the legal and political consequences of the Russian Federation’s exclusion from the Council of Europe and the European human rights protection system. The research objective was achieved through the analysis of normative acts (hard law, soft law) of the Council, a review of domestic and foreign literature, and the analysis of statistical data provided by the Council and the European Court of Human Rights. The article seeks to answer the following research questions: 1. What are the actual and potential consequences of excluding Russia from the Council for both Russia and other member states?, 2. What impact will Russia’s exclusion from the Council of Europe and the European human rights protection system have on the citizens of Russia and those under its jurisdiction? Membership in the Council of Europe entails mandatory participation in the European human rights protection system, based on the European Convention on Human Rights and the European Court of Human Rights. The primary consequences of Russia’s exclusion from the Council are: 1. exclusion from the family of European states, 2. denunciation of the Convention and other agreements adopted within the organisation, and 3. the inability to file individual and interstate complaints against Russia.

Methodological regulation of the education of family values of students – future literature teachers in the process of professional training

Introduction. In a period of permanent social upheaval, the education of traditional family values among new generations of Russian citizens plays a huge role in the development of society. In this regard, it is relevant to study the technological aspects of preparing a literature teacher for the fruitful formation of traditional family values among schoolchildren of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the process of literary education. The purpose of the article is to develop and test in the process of training future teachers of the Russian language and literature a system of methods and techniques for the formation of traditional family values in teaching literature at school. Materials and methods. The study involved students from the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «North-Eastern Federal University named after. M.K. Ammosov» in the field of training 03/44/05 Pedagogical education (with two profiles of training). Methods: content analysis of legal, scientific, scientific and methodological literature, questionnaires, pedagogical experiment, analysis of student creative works. Results. The study identified such key family values of students as mutual help and «care for relatives» (39%), «respect for elders» (37.5%), «mutual respect» (35%). The prevalence of the educational role of the grandmother (32%) in the traditional Yakut family was revealed. The formation of family values is closely related to the use of conversations, joint family events, analysis of literary texts by Russian and regional authors in literature classes using dialogization and problem situations. Conclusion. The results of the study showed that students are aware of the important mission of a language teacher in the formation of traditional family values of schoolchildren in the process of teaching literature and are ready to use such current technologies as dialogization, problem-based learning, and visualization in their activities.

Русский менталитет как модальная целостность

The aim of the article is to develop the author's interpretation of the Russian mentality, allowing it to be presented not through a set of features but as a whole, having a subjective status and expressed through its modes. The task posed in this way requires for its solution a rethinking of the content of the concept of mentality beyond the "homeland" of its appearance – anthropologically oriented history – and its introduction into the field of philosophical discourse. In historical science, various research approaches are aimed at studying different types of mentality, but they have in common the tradition of understanding mentality as an inferior form of thinking, not processed by consciousness, coming from L. Levy-Bruhl and the sociological school of E. Durkheim. In this capacity, mentality appears as a program, thanks to which human communities function as special wave-like objects, characterized by both variability and stability. It is shown that in the transition from the general abstract concept of mentality to its specific forms, the automatism of its action decreases; Russian mentality as a form of the special has a subjective status, responding to the challenges of anthropogenesis not only by transforming the cognitive schemes and mental structures of cultural and historical subjects but also by forming new cultural meanings. In contrast to the general concept of mentality as an ensemble of ideas and intellectual attitudes that acts as a prism between man and the world, Russian mentality as a form of the special acts as an acting subject that leaves traces in culture. A conclusion is made about the legitimacy of using a subjective modal attitude expressing the modality of expression of will for studying Russian mentality. The modal approach to Russian mentality allows us to analyze it as a way of setting the due (fixed by the operator "necessary") and the volitional, expressing various types of motivation of actions by a volitional attitude to implement or not implement these actions (fixed by the attitude "I want"). As a modal integrity, the Russian mentality realizes its subjectivity through the modes of "Russian soul", "Russian spirit", and "Russian idea", which serve as a prototype of unity and the "assembly point" of the Russian people into a single whole.

Art literacy of masters students and masters in folk artistic culture

Introduction. The relevance of studying the phenomenon of artistic literacy is determined by the fact that the ability to understand art is a necessary skill of a modern person. Artistic literacy at work refers to the ability to study art, as well as apply this knowledge when creating your own works of art. The purpose of this article: to study the characteristics of artistic literacy of undergraduates and masters of folk art culture. Materials and methods. This study of artistic literacy was carried out through a diagnostic method. The sample members were masters and undergraduates in the field of study 51.04.02 “Folk artistic culture” in the direction “Musical heritage of the Russian people”, studying or completing their studies at I.A. Bunin Yelets State University. The sample consisted of 43 respondents (N=43). At the time of the study, 19 subjects were studying in the 1st and 2nd years of a master’s degree; 24 subjects completed their studies in this master’s program in 2021-2023. The “Artistic Literacy Scale” by I. Yucetoker was identified as a diagnostic technique, which includes 26 statements. Each statement is asked to be rated on a 5-point scale. The artistic literacy scale consists of 4 factors: “Information need”, “Research activity”, “Use of knowledge of the artistic field in scientific activity”, “Transfer of the results of scientific research into the artistic field into performance and creativity”. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software. To process the results of the diagnostic technique, a t-test for independent samples was used. Also, to identify certain aspects of the conditions for the formation of artistic literacy, interviews were conducted with some of the study participants. Results. The level of artistic literacy among all members of the sample is quite high. There were no statistically significant differences among the groups of respondents distributed by gender (t (43) = 1.42; p > 0.05), while statistically significant differences were observed between the groups of undergraduates and masters (t (43) = 3.02; p > 0.05). Master's students demonstrate better results, which is determined by their professional experience. The main problem areas for master's students are related to the use of knowledge of the artistic sphere in scientific activities and the transfer of the results of scientific research into the artistic sphere into performance and creativity. Apparently, the process of developing functional literacy at a professional level is associated not only with receiving vocational education, but also with the first experience of professional activity. The high level of artistic literacy of master's students is due to the presence of such circumstances as passion for a certain creative and/or performing practice, extensive experience of solo or group participation in various musical or cultural projects. Scientific novelty. For the first time, based on a sample of Russian students, the results of assessing artistic literacy are shown. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used to optimize the process of organizing research work of undergraduates, as well as industrial internships.

Благотворительные аспекты миграционной политики Российского государства в условиях специальной военной операции

The article analyzes the trends in the development of the migration policy of the state at the present stage: a separate aspect of the legal status of forced migrants from the Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics, Ukraine is singled out; unprecedented measures of support from both the state and civil society were noted. The author points to the solidarity of the Russian people; his traditional features of charity and mercy, manifested in the new reality.

Anarchist tendencies in the early socialist movement in Korea, 1919–1924

Korean anarchism is in many ways a unique phenomenon, as is the history of this Far Eastern country. Anarchists played a prominent role in the liberation of Korea from Japanese colonial rule, which dominated the country from 1910 to 1945. Along with Korean nationalists and communists, they became the “third force” in the anti-colonial struggle, which has attracted the interest of historians. A close connection with the issues of the struggle against the colonial power of Japan gave special features and direction to Korean anarchism, which was forced to oscillate between the demands for restoring the country’s independence and the anarchist tradition of denying any state as such. Unfortunately, the history of Korean anarchism remains virtually unexplored in Soviet and Russian academic literature. This article is intended to make the first steps in researching this topic. The article analyses the initial period in the development of the anarchist movement in the country, the time of its birth, drawing on original texts and publications by Korean socialists and anarchists of the early 1920s and taking into account the study of the issue in Korean and foreign historiography. The article shows that, as in other East Asian countries (Japan and China), anarchism in Korea was not initially identified as a special current in the socialist movement, and elements of anarchism, Bolshevism and social reformism were often mixed in the ideas of early Korean socialists. The separation of anarchism as a movement from this general socialist “conglomerate” occurred under the influence of disappointment in Russian Bolshevism and the results of the Great Russian Revolution.