Circus Activities Research Articles

Perspectivas e desafios da formação continuada em atividades circenses no contexto escolar

O artigo aborda parte da pesquisa que investigou o potencial educativo das atividades circenses, a partir da realização de uma formação continuada com professores de Educação Física que atuam no Ensino Fundamental, em escolas da rede municipal de ensino de Corumbá, localizada no extremo oeste de Mato Grosso do Sul, na fronteira Brasil/Bolívia. Partiu do pressuposto de que há um esvaziamento na formação continuada dos professores de Educação Física, bem como dificuldades de articulação dos conhecimentos desenvolvidos nos cursos de formação frente à realidade das situações vivenciadas na prática pedagógica, na escola. As contribuições das atividades circenses reforçam seu potencial educativo em instituições escolares, no entanto, como será que esse processo ocorre em outros contextos de educação continuada? Quem são os professores de Educação Física interessados em inserir as atividades circenses em sua prática pedagógica? Qual a contribuição das atividades circenses na formação continuada de professores de Educação Física? Com a realização da pesquisa ressalta-se a necessidade de contextualizar a formação continuada e o conteúdo do circo à realidade de trabalho dos professores, bem como o envolvimento coletivo da comunidade escolar.

ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛИЗАЦИЯ ЦИРКОВОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ В РОССИИ (The Institutionalization of the Circus Activities in Russia)

Russian Abstract: Цирковая деятельность относится к одному из видов искусства, а значит входит в систему институтов культуры. Однако такое положение было у цирка не всегда. История развития цирка в России прошла через гонения артистов цирковых жанров, признание как второсортного вида искусства, к массовому признанию и централизованному государственному управлению программно-целевым методом. English Abstract: Circus activity belongs to one of the types of art, which means that it is part of the system of cultural institutions. However, this situation was not always. The history of circus development in Russia passed through the persecution of circus artists, recognition as a second-class art form, to mass recognition and centralized state management by program-target method.

Llenando Escuelas: una experiencia de aprendizaje-servicio en el sur de Marruecos.

A group of children and young people boarding at the Casa-Escuela Santiago Uno (a type of orphanage/Pious School) and students from different levels and areas of professional training, travelled to the South of Morocco to implement a development cooperation project entitled “Llenando Escuelas” (“Filling Schools”). The main aim was to empower the local population in educational and professional terms and basic services, paying special attention to the most disadvantaged population groups: women, children and young people. They used theoretical and practical knowledge they had acquired in the previous academic year: catering, manufacturing, gardening, welding, first aid, social integration, sociocultural animation, sports and circus activities. For two months they lived together in a school with their educators and together with local residents they helped refurbish the school, in addition to carrying out training, organizing leisure and free time activities and setting up and supplying a medical clinic. This was a service-learning experience in which an enriching socio-cultural exchange took place.

On the act of giving, receiving and rendering: Piloting the use of YouTube videos to develop a contextually inspired portrait of social circus trainers

Abstract Social circus interventions targeting vulnerable populations are often perceived as catalysts for change. In recent years, more attention is given to the role of trainers involved in social circus. Several studies have profiled them based on the set of competences they should master to achieve predefined outcomes in participants. We challenge the very act of profiling, arguing that the way trainers and participants connect can best be understood through observing the way they put themselves at disposal. We conducted a pilot study in which we observed a sample of 15 YouTube videos to develop an initial portrait of these trainers, meant to inform a real life observational study. From the analysis of the videos three core dimensions of interest were revealed: the trainers role in social circus activities, the actions undertaken to build meaningful relationships and the reciprocal nature of the bonding process. Rather than presenting trainers as the gifted ones, who put a set of competences to work in a social circus setting, we position them as people who are guiding and are guided themselves. We argue that this mutual learning process is a necessary condition for establishing a meaningful relationship with social circus participants and to stimulate growth.

The Contemporary Circus Art of Ukraine in the Context of International Cultural and Arts Cooperation

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of international cooperation of the circus industry of Ukraine as a component of the cultural field. The aspects of common trends in the development of Ukrainian and European cultural policy are considered. It was emphasized that one of the main strategic goals of Ukrainian cultural policy is the development of international activities and popularization of Ukrainian culture. It was also noted that international cooperation in the field of culture is an important factor in the development of international partnership. The information base of international and all-Ukrainian competitions, festivals and other periodical cultural and artistic events, which are under the direction of the Ministry of Culture of Ukraine, is analysed. It is established that the proportion of activities in which circus art is present in relation to the total number is very small. The main provisions of the Draft Law “On Circuses and Circus Activities in Ukraine” are considered and analysed. Examples of successful participation of Ukrainian circus institutions and individual performers in various circus international events, creation of creative interaction between young artists of different cultural backgrounds in Europe are presented. It is concluded that for the development of the circus industry it is necessary to create a legislative framework that would conform to European standards, new socio-political and economic realities.

Análise Crítico Constitucional dos Contratos de Menores em Atividades Artísticas e Desportivas

O presente trabalho tem como fundamento a abordagem da celebração do contrato de trabalho infanto-juvenil, em face dos inúmeros casos de abusos e exploração do braço juvenil na mão de obra exaustiva das atividades artísticas e desportivas sem exclusão do uso de imagens de impúberes em marketing, comerciais e propagandas. Visa demonstrar as ilegalidades praticadas dia após dia, diante das câmeras de televisão e nos palcos teatrais, picadeiros circenses e nos centros de treinamentos esportivos destinados a crianças e adolescestes, entre outros. A permissão do trabalho prematuro sem o mínimo de dignidade vai contra as determinações legais elencadas em nosso ordenamento jurídico, tanto em nossa Lei Maior quanto no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (Lei 8.069/90). Utilizando-se do método dedutivo de pesquisa, foram realizadas leituras em obras e artigos científicos pautando sempre na legislação pertinente ao contrato de trabalho infantil, historicidade do labor infantil no Brasil e tratados internacionais dos quais somos signatários. Na interpretação da sociedade hodierna com um olhar totalmente capitalista, contratam com crianças e adolescentes ignorando o bojo da legal que, por sua vez, veda a concessão de autorização aos menores de dezesseis anos para os trabalhos artísticos como filmes, comerciais, novelas, publicidades, atividades circense, desportivas e qualquer outra forma de trabalho precoce, vez que o objetivo maior de quem contrata com crianças e adolescentes nada mais é do que o retorno financeiro em detrimento dos seus direitos fundamentais.

Effect of regular circus physical exercises on lymphocytes in overweight children.

Obesity associated with a sedentary lifestyle can lead to changes in the immune system balance resulting in the development of inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to compare lymphocyte activation mechanisms between overweight children practicing regular circus physical exercises with non-exercised children. The study comprised 60 pubescent children randomly divided into 4 groups: Overweight Children (OWC) (10.67 ± 0.22 years old), Overweight Exercised Children (OWE) (10.00 ± 0.41 years old), Eutrophic Children (EC) (11.00 ± 0.29 years old) and Eutrophic Exercised Children (EE) (10.60 ± 0.29 years old). OWE and EE groups practiced circus activities twice a week, for 4.3 ± 0.5 and 4.4 ± 0.5 months, respectively. Percentage of T regulatory cells (Treg) and the expression of CD95 and CD25 in CD4+ lymphocytes were evaluated by flow cytometry. Lymphocyte proliferation capacity was measured by [14C]-thymidine incorporation and mRNA expression of IL-35, TGF-beta, IL-2 and IL-10 by real-time PCR. Lymphocyte proliferation was higher in OWC and OWE groups compared with the EC (3509 ± 887; 2694 ± 560, and 1768 ± 208 cpm, respectively) and EE (2313 ± 111 cpm) groups. CD95 expression on lymphocytes was augmented in the EC (953.9 ± 101.2) and EE groups (736.7 ± 194.6) compared with the OWC (522.1 ± 125.2) and OWE groups (551.6 ± 144.5). CTLA-4 expression was also lower in the OWC and OWE groups compared with the EC and EE groups. Percentage of Treg, IL-35, and IL-10 mRNA expression were lower in the OWC and OWE groups compared with the EC and EE groups. In conclusion, overweight children present altered immune system balance characterized by elevated lymphocyte proliferation due to a decrease in T regulatory cell percentage. These effects were partially reverted by moderate physical exercise, as demonstrated by decreased lymphocyte proliferation.

A educação física e o funâmbulo: entre a arte circense e a ciência (século XIX e início do século XX)

This study aimed to investigate the separation of circus activities and Physical Education, more specifically, the gymnastic, in the 19th century and early 20th century. For this, it was conducted a historical research which found explanations and data of this relationship. The sources were characterized by texts of historical persons identified as theorists of Physical Education in the period. The study examined the files centered in the thoughts of the teachers on the criteria for the organization of a scientific gymnastic. It concluded that the association between Physical Education and natural sciences identified the gymnastic as the scientific education of the body. In this definition, circus arts were criticized and excluded.

O BRINCAR COMO DIÁLOGO/PERGUNTA E NÃO COMO RESPOSTA À PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA

O presente texto traz uma abordagem de fundamentação pedagógica sobre a relação entre o mundo de movimento da criança e a imaginação, e como essa relação pode ser transpassada para o ensino. Elementos da natureza, atividades com estórias, brincadeiras de faz de conta, atividades de circo e contação de histórias fomentam a liberdade, a vivacidade e a riqueza da imaginação no brincar-e-se-movimentar. Assim focamos no que é primordial, nos elementos primários que nos levam ao Ser do ser humano, à sua consciência, ao outro, à arte, à natureza e à vida.

Atividades circenses no âmbito escolar enquanto manifestação de ludicidade e lazer

This investigation had as the main goal to insert the circus activities in a way that theywere discussed as a subject looking for the leisure manifestation trying to rescue theplayful at school environment. As the main topic it brings the study of the leisure andludic treats in general and conceptual. The rescue in relation to the way as circus activitiesis developed in physical education classes at school. In conclusion, it is possible to saythat the circus activities can be pointed out as a leisure and ludic manifestation. It hasbeen doing the use of this knowledge inside or outside of the school.

EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA E ATIVIDADES CIRCENSES: “O ESTADO DA ARTE”

A Educação Física tem experimentado um exponencial crescimento no trato das atividades circenses como conteúdo programático, com consequente incremento da produção acadêmica. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o “estado da arte” no que tange às atividades circenses e à educação física por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica da produção acadêmico-científica nacional e internacional. Os resultados indicam que grande parte dos 95 documentos analisados se apresenta em forma de “manuais didáticos” e “relatos de experiência”, com ênfase nos procedimentos técnico-pedagógicos. De modo geral, observamos escassas discussões conceituais e poucos estudos que avançam para além do senso comum e do romantismo pedagógico.

The effect of circus activity training on postural control of 5–6-year-old children

The purpose of the present study is to assess the effect of circus activity training on postural control of 5–6-year old children.

ABRINDO AS PORTAS PARA AS ATIVIDADES CIRCENSES NA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA

In this study, we show the experience in developing circus activities during Physical Education extracurricular lessons in a social project sponsored by the tax-incentive law, in the municipality of Mauá (State of São Paulo) during 2006. We describe, thus, how important is such sort of activity for the Physical Education lessons. It is also included here how we used the circus events, educational process, and suchlike. Keywords: Circus Activities - School Physical Education - Circus

O ENSINO DE ATIVIDADES CIRCENSES PARA ALUNOS DE 5ª. SÉRIE

The aim of this study was to analyze the possibilities and difficulties when teaching circus activities in Physical Education classes. The study was guided by ideas of action research. The techniques were: participant observation, questionnaires completed by students and a semi-structured interview with the Physical Education teacher of the class. It was possible to develop the circus content in classes, since the area, the materials for the class, the involvement of the Physical Education teacher in the construction and planning of such content, responsiveness to the content by students, have contributed to the encouragement of the process.

Onset of Electrical Excitability during a Period of Circus Plasma Membrane Movements in DifferentiatingXenopusNeurons

Living neurons are usually first identifiable in primary cultures at the time of neurite initiation, and studies of excitability have been restricted largely to the subsequent period. A morphological early marker is described that identifies neurons for whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings before neurite initiation. Video time-lapse recordings of cultured cells dissociated from neurectoderm of Xenopus neural plate stage embryos reveal cells demonstrating circus movements, in which blebs of plasma membrane propagate around the cell circumference within a period of several minutes. All neurons demonstrate circus movements before morphological differentiation; the fraction of cells exhibiting circus movements that differentiate morphologically depends on the substrate on which they are cultured. Blockade of circus activity with cytochalasin B does not prevent neuronal differentiation. Circus movements are not neurectoderm-specific because they similarly predict differentiation of myocytes developing in mesodermal cultures. Initially inexcitable, neurons develop voltage-dependent K+, Na+, and Ca2+ currents during the period of several hours in which they exhibit circus movements. The early development of depolarization-induced elevations of [Ca2+]i several hours before morphological differentiation corresponds to the previously described onset of functionally significant spontaneous elevations of [Ca2+]i in these neurons and demonstrates a role for early expression of voltage-dependent ion channels.

Circus reexcitation as a cause of repetitive activity in crayfish lateral giant axons

AbstractUnpolarized electrotonic connections between the two lateral giant axons of crayfish nerve cord have been demonstrated. Presumably they are also the sites of the tightly coupled unpolarized ephaptic junctions by which activity from one axon may be transmitted to the other. Commissures between the segmental branches of the two axons are probably the sites of the junctions. If septal transmission is blocked in one axon, the inactive segment can be excited by the activity of the other axon. The segmentally arrayed ladder of ephaptic junctions forms a series of delay lines and circus activity can occur in the loops between the two axons. Two segments form a loop with a delay line of 4 msec. The frequency of repetition is about 250/second. Each additional segment introduces another delay of about 4 msec. For a three‐segment loop the repetition rate is about 125/second. The delays at ephaptic junctions between neurons in vertebrate nervous systems are probably too brief to cause repetitive activity.