Circle Research Articles

La teoría de Adam of Wodeham sobre la percepción no verídica de círculos suspendidos en el aire

Cuando vemos una vara moviéndose en círculos, aparece un círculo en el aire desde la perspectiva de la primera persona. Esta ilusión fue explicada por Peter Auriole mediante la idea según la cual, en tal caso, existe una entidad aparente en nuestra visión, la cual es la causa directa de tal ilusión. Wodeham presenta una explicación diferente pero similar a la de Ockham. Para él, cuando un agente cree que existe un círculo suspendido, él mismo forma una inferencia cuya conclusión es "existe un círculo suspendido en el aire". Esta inferencia es casi imperceptible para nosotros, según Wodeham. En este artículo reconstruyo la explicación que ofrece Wodeham del proceso por el cual un agente cree que "existe un círculo suspendido en el aire". Este proceso es diferente a lo propuesto por Ockham.

Learning Geometry Online: A Creative Individual Learning Experience

The increasing influence of technology in education has made us want to understand how teachers will view its use when teaching Euclidean geometry. Teachers’ technological knowledge, skills; competence and readiness are crucial, in their preparation to integrate technologies in their future classrooms. This paper is part of a larger study that looked into the experiences of student teachers when using a form of online technology, which utilised meaningful interactions to teach and learn high school geometry. The study was conducted with ten mathematics student teachers at a South African university using a mix methods approach using worksheets, interviews, surveys and observations. This case study sought to capture the students’ knowledge of technologies when teaching circle geometry through a careful implementation of Geometric Habits of Mind and an Instructional Design model. The intention of the support programme was that students will reproduce their learning experience, during this study, in their classrooms. According to results the perceptions of technology can be categorised as: Knowing the essentials, A tool in learning geometry and A catalyst to learning geometry. It can be clearly stated that all of students liked the readily available learning tool online.

Circles in space are like nothing we've ever seen

Circles in space are like nothing we've ever seen

Numerical Study of the Heat Transfer Behavior in Helical Microcoil Tube

This work introduces a numerical study of the convective heat transfer of helical micro coils tube heat exchanger coil. It tested for both circle and elliptical geometry with 18 mm pitch and diameter of copper pipes. It is very difficult and time-consuming if these analyses could be carried out experimentally. Water is used as a working fluid by using 80°C for hot water and 25°C for cold water. The Reynolds number selected in the range of 200 to 1800 for hot water, while specified 5000 for cold water. ANSYS-FLUENT 18.0 has been used to investigate the heat transfer behavior. In computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the partial differential equations was represented by using the finite volume method (FVM) in the form of algebraic equations and the Navier-Stokes equations were solved by using a numerical procedure which is the Semi Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equations (SIMPLE) algorithm. The elementary results observed a proportionality relationship between the heat transfer and the Reynolds number raised values. Also, the circular configuration present maximum heat transfer performance and the maximum values are 5.6, 3.42 for Thermal performance factor and Nuselte number respectively at Reynolds number 1800.

A Case Study on the Physical Activity-Based Convergence Culture and Arts Education for Establishing a Virtuous Circle of Culture and Arts Education

A Case Study on the Physical Activity-Based Convergence Culture and Arts Education for Establishing a Virtuous Circle of Culture and Arts Education

Свести концы с концами

Свести концы с концами

GeoGebra for learning and teaching: A parallel investigation

In the study reported on here, we investigated the effects of the use of dynamic geometry software (DGS) (i.e., GeoGebra) on learners’ learning and a teacher’s beliefs. The learners and teacher involved in the study were from a high-poverty, rural high school in South Africa. We compared grade 11 learners (N = 56) who used GeoGebra in the context of learning circle geometry with learners who experienced geometry through traditional lecture-based instruction. Participating learners were from classes in a public school located in the rural Umkhanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal, Republic of South Africa. Results showed that learners using GeoGebra were more successful at solving problems and justifying their statements, while the other learners provided a limited justification for their answers. In a parallel and complementary investigation the teacher’s attitudes toward using GeoGebra as an instructional tool were considered qualitatively. Results showed that even in high-poverty, rural settings where the availability of technological resources are limited, the use of GeoGebra affected learners’ learning and had positive effects on the teacher’s beliefs regarding teaching and learning. Keywords: Euclidean geometry; GeoGebra; performance; theorems and proofs

Identification of pipe inner surface in heat conduction problems by deep learning and effective thermal conductivity transform

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a transform method and a deep learning model to identify the inner surface shape based on the measurement temperature at the outer boundary of the pipe.Design/methodology/approachThe training process is assisted by the finite element method (FEM) simulation which solves the direct problem for the data preparation. To avoid re-meshing the domain when the inner surface shape varies, a new transform method is proposed to transform the shape identification problem into the effective thermal conductivity identification problem. The deep learning model is established to set up the relationship between the measurement temperature and the effective thermal conductivity. Then the unknown geometry shape is acquired by the mapping between the inner shape and the effective thermal conductivity through the inverse transform method.FindingsThe new method is successfully applied to identify the internal boundary of a pipe with eccentric circle, ellipse and nephroid inner geometries. The results show that as the measurement points increased and the measurement error decreased, the results became more accurate. The position of the measurement point and mesh density of the FEM model have less effect on the results.Originality/valueThe deep learning model and the transform method are developed to identify the pipe inner surface shape. There is no need to re-mesh the domain during the computation progress. The results show that the proposed method is a fast and an accurate tool for identifying the pipe inner surface.

INTRODUCING THE FORM OF ADDRESS «COMRADE» IN UKRAINIAN SOCIETY IN THE 20-30'S OF THE 20TH CENTURY, AND ITS CONSEQUENCES

На основі літератури, періодичних видань та архівних документів розглянуто процес впровадження в життя нової форми звертання «товариш» та вказано основну причину запуску правлячою партією цього процесу. Підкреслено, що нова форма звертання мала значний вплив на молодь, якій не вистачало життєвого досвіду. Визначені наслідки впровадження форми звертання «товариш» в українському суспільстві. Впроваджуючи в обіг звертання «товариш», більшовики мали на меті згуртувати суспільство під своїм прапором. Але сама суть такої форми звертання не терпіла фальші і коли таким чином зверталися до всіх людей, то відбувалося перекручування змісту слова «товариш», що не могло не вплинути на його значення у суспільстві. Колись у спілкуванні молодих революціонерів воно було доречним, але в повсякденному житті 1920 – 1930-х років звертання «товариш» було штучним, надуманим та неприродним. Товаришами могли бути лише люди, які пов’язані спільними інтересами, ідеями, метою. Українське суспільство 20 30-х рр. ХХ ст. у цілому таким критеріям не відповідало. Тому дана форма звертання не стала традиційною у спілкуванні, хоча під тиском влади застосовувалося досить широко. Однак, звертання «товариш» допомогло більшовикам згуртувати значну частину молоді, яка в силу певних обставин повірила у можливість створення цілком справедливого суспільства без кривд і недоліків. Це, в свою чергу, посприяло зміцненню владних структур і, зокрема, армії. Інтелектуальна верхівка суспільства розуміла, що звертання «товариш», котре було цілком відповідним у колі однодумців, не підходило для міжособового спілкування у повсякденному житті.

‘Newton was heel exact wetenschappelijk – ook in zijn chemische werk’. Nederlandse wetenschapsgeschiedenis in niet-wetenschapshistorische tijdschriften, 1977-2017

Both historians of science and scientists write papers that are published under a ‘historical’ denomina- tor in non-specialist journals, such as the journals for professional scientists and teachers. This paper focuses on the various motives for these publications, thereby illustrating both the enormous enthu- siasm for our work outside of circles for professional historians, as what is conceived as crucial in our work to people outside of our field.

Wetting behavior of textured silicon surfaces- an experimental study

The behavior of a liquid on a solid surface has shown great interest in a variety of applications related to surfaces and its interfaces. In this paper, the wetting behavior of DI water on micropatterned silicon surfaces fabricated through photolithography and deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) is investigated. Micro pillars of both solid and hollow geometries at a varying pitch and its arrangement in an array has been examined with static contact angle measurement. However, the results concluded that the arrangement of pillars in an array plays an important role as hollow geometries in the case of chain type arrangement provide both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surface properties, while the same hollow geometries in case of zig-zag orientation experiences only hydrophobicity at a varying pitch. Decreased WCA with increased pitch has been observed in the case of a zig-zag arrangement, due to the effect of capillary and gravitation forces. Also the existence of air pockets at sharp corner in the case of hollow square assists in providing maximum contact angle (WCA = 144°) as compared to hollow circle and solid geometries; thus a non-sticky behavior would be possible between the droplet and the patterned surface, due to less adhesion force.

Pro-Refugee Activism in Greece: The imaginary grounds of a real dynamic

This paper seeks to explore selective activism in order to seize the reasons lying beneath activist commitment to a cause instead of another requiring defense, concomitant and similar to the one ultimately chosen. The attempt to understand how activists' decision-making process and subsequent activity are structured is grounded on a field research conducted among pro-refugee activists in Athens from 2015 to 2017. The findings of the research show that the emergence and expansion from 2015 onwards of many different pro-refugee activist initiatives are largely influenced by imaginary constructs that are related to three superimposed but distinct levels of imaginary identification games. This case study reveals that prorefugee activism is certainly fuelled by political facts, but at the same time it is detached both from reality and politics, since it reflects the way in which they are combined with imaginary universes predominant in activist circles, which have little or no political relevance.

A feasibility investigation of speciation by Fe K-edge XANES using a laboratory X-ray absorption spectrometer

We demonstrate effective speciation of Fe in model compounds from analysis of the weak pre-edge features in Fe K-edge XANES spectra, with a commercially available laboratory X-ray spectrometer, using a spherically bent crystal analyser and a low power X-ray tube, in Rowland circle geometry. Direct comparison with XANES data acquired from a third generation synchrotron bending magnet beamline, using the same specimens, validated quantitative agreement in determination of the total integrated intensity and centroid position of the pre-edge feature, which are a probe of the electronic configuration and symmetry of the absorber atom, and hence oxidation state and co-ordination number. This work opens the door to rapid and routine speciation studies of Fe by laboratory XANES, even for materials with relatively dilute absorber concentration of only a few mol. %.

TEXS: in-vacuum tender X-ray emission spectrometer with 11 Johansson crystal analyzers.

The design and first results of a large-solid-angle X-ray emission spectrometer that is optimized for energies between 1.5 keV and 5.5 keV are presented. The spectrometer is based on an array of 11 cylindrically bent Johansson crystal analyzers arranged in a non-dispersive Rowland circle geometry. The smallest achievable energy bandwidth is smaller than the core hole lifetime broadening of the absorption edges in this energy range. Energy scanning is achieved using an innovative design, maintaining the Rowland circle conditions for all crystals with only four motor motions. The entire spectrometer is encased in a high-vacuum chamber that allocates a liquid helium cryostat and provides sufficient space for in situ cells and operando catalysis reactors.

Build an Outstanding President's Circle

Build an Outstanding President's Circle

A qualitative research on fatigue cognition and coping experience in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective To investigate the cognition and coping experience of fatigue in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), so as to provide basis and research basis for the preparation of fatigue intervention measures for elderly patients with COPD. Methods Qualitative research interview was used to conduct face-to-face and in-depth communication with 12 elderly patients with COPD under the guidance of pre-prepared interview outline. The 7-step Colaizzi analysis method was used to analyze the transcript of the interview and extract the theme and representative statements. Results Fatigue cognition could be summarized into five themes:fatigue symptoms were often accompanied by drowsiness, fatigue, anxiety, poor sleep, memory loss and other symptoms; there was no definite time point for the appearance of fatigue symptoms; breathing difficulties, limited activities, mental and psychological disorders and deficient social support were the main causes of fatigue; family accidents, seasonal variation, the occurrence of complications and relapses of the malady were the aggravating factors of fatigue symptoms; fatigue affects the patient′s ability to move, social circle and life motivation. Coping experiences could be summarized into three themes: strengthen self-management and ask for help; take the initiative to learn and improve the level of self-care; emotional disorder, negative response. Conclusions There are obvious fatigue symptoms in elderly patients with COPD. Affected by many factors, such as disease factors, self-perceived burden level, family support and social support level, most patients have insufficient fatigue cognition and lack of coping ability. Medical staff should fully understand the fatigue cognition and coping experience of such patients and implement effective intervention programs to improve the coping ability of patients. Key words: Aged; Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive; Fatigue cognition; Coping experience; Qualitative research

A Case Study on the Improvement Activities of Quality Circle by Improving Attorney System

A Case Study on the Improvement Activities of Quality Circle by Improving Attorney System

Application of Wechat in nursing clinical clerkship teaching

Wechat has been widely used in nursing clinical clerkship teaching now. The application of Wechat in nursing clinical teaching mainly takes the form of Wechat group chat, Wechat public signal platform, Wechat friendship circle, online test and so on. Among them, Wechat group chat and Wechat public signal platform are used widely. Wechat enriches the teaching way, and improve the effectiveness of teaching, moreover, it facilitates the relationship between teachers and students. However, there are the ongoing challenges such as lacking of supervision and protection of intellectual property rights. Key words: Wechat; Nursing education; Clinical clerkship

Новые задачи начертательной геометрии

Complex geometry consists of Euclidean E-geometry (circle geometry) and pseudo-Euclidean M-geometry (hyperbola geometry). Each of them individually determines an open system in which a correctly posed problem may give no solution. Analytical geometry is an example of a closed system, in which the previously mentioned problem always gives a solution as a complex number, whose one of the parts may turn out to be zero. Development of imaginary solutions and imaginary figures is a new task for descriptive geometry. Degenerated conics and quadrics set up a new class of figures and a new class of descriptive geometry’s problems. For example, a null circle, null sphere, null cylinder, and a cone as a hyperboloid degenerated to an asymptote. The last ones necessarily lead to imaginary solutions in geometric operations. In this paper it has been shown that theorems formulated in one geometry are also valid in conjugate geometry as well, while the same figures of conjugated geometries visually look different. So imaginary points exist only by pairs, the imaginary circle is not round one, the centers of dissimilar circles’ similarity do not belong to the centerline and other examples. For solution, a number of problems on geometric relations, and operations with degenerated conics and quadrics, as well as several problems from 4D-geometry are proposed. Solutions for above mentioned problems are given in section 9. In this paper some examples of new problems for descriptive geometry have been considered. It has been shown that the new problems require access to a complex space. New figures consist of two parts, a real figure and a figure of its imaginary complement.

Teatr i Kosmos (w) teorii (literaturoznawczej)

Tekst wstępny omawia zawartość rocznika oraz wskazuje na podjęte, w szkicach i studiach w nim zawartych, kierunki analiz i interpretacji. W artykułach konweniują sensy wielkich metafor wyobrażeniowych TEATRU i KOSMOSU jako pewnych uniwersów. Rozwijając myśl Hansa Blumenberga można powiedzieć, że realizmem metafor (w tym metaforyki teatrologicznej i kosmologicznej) jest realizm retoryczności – czasów, nurtów artystycznych, twórców. (Re)definicje pojęć: retoryka, retoryczność – stanowią drugi krąg tematyczny poruszany w tekstach, obok takich kategorii jak performatywność czy transmedialność. Zjawiska te nie funkcjonują poza gatunkami wypowiedzi literackiej, naukowej i paranaukowej, dlatego trzeci krąg rozważań w artykułach dotyczy refleksji genologicznej (szczególnie w odniesieniu do: akademickiej powieści kryminalnej, powieści teatralnej, cyklu lirycznego, antologii, „prywatnej” genologii Stanisława Barańczaka).