Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Extracts Research Articles

Cryopreservation of bovine semen using extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum

BACKGROUND: Antioxidants minimise oxidative stress and enhance sperm quality in the process of cryopreservation. OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract as an additive during the post-dilution and post-thaw stages of Murrah buffalo semen cryopreservation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The semen sample was diluted using Tris-Egg-Yolk-Citric-Acid-Fructose-Glycerol extender and subsequently divided into three groups: Group 1, TEYCAFG without any additives or controls (C); Group 2, TEYCAFG fortified with a 50 μg/mL aqueous extract of cinnamon (T1); and Group 3, TEYCAFG fortified with a 50 μg/mL ethanolic extract of cinnamon (T2). The evaluation included an assessment of progressive motility, live spermatozoa, sperm abnormalities, HOST, CMPT, and enzyme leakage (GOT and GPT) at both the post-dilution and post-thaw stages. RESULTS: The groups that received cinnamon supplementation demonstrated statistically significant improvements (p<0.05) in various parameters, including an increase in the progressive motility, live spermatozoa, and HOS-positive spermatozoa, as well as greater distance traveled by vanguard spermatozoa compared to the control group. Furthermore, the cinnamon-added groups exhibited a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the percentage of sperm abnormalities and lower enzyme leakage (GOT and GPT) in post-thawed semen. CONCLUSION: Aqueous extract of C. zeylanicum at a concentration of 50 μg/mL provides superior protection of sperm structures and functions as compared to both the ethanolic extract of C. zeylanicum at the same concentration and the control group.

Physical and biological characteristics of eco‐friendly films added with Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract for packaging materials

SummaryThe effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract (CZE) at different rations (0%, 1%, 3% and 5%) on gelatin (GL)–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend films were evaluated in relation to the structural, tensile strength, physical, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the films in this study. The results showed that water barriers of the film samples decreased, but the UV‐blocking property increased and became opaque at the highest GLPVA5 film. The tensile strengths of GLPVA, GLPVA1, GLPVA3 and GLPVA5 films were 1.21, 1.78, 1.62 and 1.95 MPa, respectively. The antimicrobial effect of these films was determined against Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus cereus according to the parallel stick method. Antioxidant properties of cinnamon extract were investigated using 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picryl‐hydrazil (DPPH) methods. The % inhibition of DPPH was found to be 82.00. No antibacterial effect was detected for B.cereus and E. faecalis at 0%, 1%, 3% and 5%. While no activity was observed in 0%, 1% and 3% cinnamon, 7.5 and 3.0 mm zones were detected in S. typhimirium and E. coli, respectively, in 5% cinnamon. The results suggest that the film samples could be used in a potential packaging with antioxidant and antibacterial properties.

Modulation of quorum sensing and biofilm of Gram-negative bacterial pathogens by Cinnamomum zeylanicum L.

The development of antibiotic resistant microbial pathogens has become a global health threat and a major concern in modern medicine. The problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has majorly arisen due to sub-judicious use of antibiotics in health care and livestock industry. A slow progress has been made in last two decades in discovery of new antibiotics. A new strategy in combatting AMR is to modulate or disarm the microbes for their virulence and pathogenicity. Plants are considered as promising source for new drugs against AMR pathogens. In this study, fraction-based screening of the Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract was performed followed by detailed investigation of antiquorum sensing and antibiofilm activities of the most active fraction that is, C. zeylanicum hexane fraction (CZHF). More than 75% reduction in violacein pigment of C. violaceum 12472 was overserved. CZHF successfully modulated the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 by 60.46%-78.35%. A similar effect was recorded against Serratia marcescens MTCC 97. A broad-spectrum inhibition of biofilm development was found in presence of sub-MICs of CZHF. The colonization of bacteria onto the glass coverslips was remarkably reduced apart from the reduction in exopolymeric substances. Alkaloids and terpenoids were found in CZHF. GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of cinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal, 2-propenal, coumarin, and α-copaene as major phytocompounds. This study provides enough evidence to support potency of C. zeylanicum extract in targeting the virulence of Gram -ve pathogenic bacteria. The plant extract or active compounds can be developed as successful drugs after careful in vivo examination to target microbial infections. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Hexane fraction of Cinnamomum zeylanicum is active against QS and biofilms. The broad-spectrum antibiofilm activity was further confirmed by microscopic analysis. Dimethyl acetal, 2-propenal, coumarin, α-copaene, and so forth are major phytocompounds.

The effect of Cinnamomum zeylanicum plant extracts and Albendazole drug in mice Balb/c infected experimentally with Hydatid cysts and follow some Histological and Physiological changes

The present study included the influence of aqueous and alcoholic extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Albendazole drug in albino mice infected experimentally with Hydatid cysts belong to the parasite Echinococcus granulosus, The doses of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Cinnamomum zeylanicum were 500 mg/ kg/day as a single treatedable dose, while albendazole drug was given as a single dose 15 mg / kg / day.
 The results of the study showed positive influence of each C. zeylanicum extracts and albendazole drug in decreasing lipid profiles (Cholesterol and Triglycerides) concentration and increase of HDL-C concentration compared with the positive control group, which showed the increase of lipid profiles concentration compared with the negetive control group. The effect of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of C. zeylanicum and albendazole drug on Spleen and Liver tissues, which was seminormal form of Spleen, Liver and Lung tissues of infected mice. Abnormal form of Spleen and Liver tissues of infected mice (positive control) and not treated with aqueous and alcoholic extracts of C. zeylanicum and albendazole drug.

The effectiveness of inhibitory of Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract against Proteus mirabilis (invitro and invivo)

The study designed to show the antimicrobial activity of cinnamomum zeylanicum extract against P. mirabilis. The present study was divided to two parts, the first part (invitro) including sensitivity test of P. mirabilis against extract and amoxicillin. where, the results of inhibition efficacy of extract toward P. mirabilis showed very high inhibition efficacy of extract, which reached to 30 mm, while amoxicillin showed non inhibition effect against bacterial growth. In the second part (in vivo) used 20 albino mice Mus musculus that divide randomly to four groups (each group consist 5 mice), first group; control group administrated only normal diet and water, second group; injected intraperitoneally with (2x108 CFU/ml), third group; injected intraperitoneally with (2 x 108 CFU/ ml) and treated with amoxicillin, forth group; injected intraperitoneally with (2 x 108 CFU/ ml) and treated with extract. The urea and creatinine levels were increased and showed high significant changes (P < 0.01) in groups (second, third) compared with control group but its back to normal when treated with extract. The microscopic examination showed many changes in kidneys of groups (second, third) including damage glomerulus, convolute tubules, fibrosis, and infiltration of lymphocytes, congestion and thickening wall of blood vessels. The kidneys tissue in forth group showed recovery in the glomerulus and convolute tubules. It was concluded from this study that the cinnamomum zeylanicum has been antimicrobial activity against P. mirabilis.

Silver Nanoparticles Biofabricated from Cinnamomum zeylanicum Reduce IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-ɑ in Female Rats with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.

Polycystic ovarian, or stein leventhal, syndrome (PCOS) is an inflammatory disorder resulting in metabolic dysregulation and ovarian dysfunction as well as women's infertility. Management of PCOS requires multiple approaches. This experimental study was sought to assess the influence of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CZ) derived silver particles (AgNPs) on inflammatory cytokines in rats with PCOS. In this experimental study, AgNPs were synthesized using CZ bark extract, and characterized by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). Thirty female rats, rattus norvegicus, were grouped into five groups (6 animals/group). The experimental groups were vehicle control group (received 0.2 ml corn oil only), PCOS (received estradiol valerate of 4 mg/kg only), PCOS group received CZ extract (200 mg/kg), PCOS group received metformin (50 mg/kg) and PCOS group received AgNPs (3.53 mg/kg). After 30 days of treatment, serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukins-18 (IL-18), and 6 (IL-6) were measured using ELISA. Significant elevation (P<0.05) was noted in TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-18 levels of the PCOS group when compared with findings in the control group (TNF-α: 250.4 ± 32.5 vs. 164.3 ± 34.4 ng/L, IL-6: 169.8 ± 9.4 vs. 77.0 ± 9.3 pg/ml, and IL-18: 45.9 ± 5.5 vs. 35.3 ± 4.1 ng/L). Importantly, AgNPs decreased all three inflammatory biomarkers in the treated group when compared with the PCOS group (TNF-α: 173.9 ± 31.2 vs. 250.4 ± 32.5 ng/L, IL-6: 133.7 ± 9.3 vs. 169.8 ± 9.4 pg/ml, and IL-18: 36.1 ± 6.2 vs. 45.9 ± 5.5 ng/L). CZ-derived AgNPs may have an anti-inflammatory effect in PCOS rats by decreasing the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-18.

Cinnamomum zeylanicum Extract and its Bioactive Component Cinnamaldehyde Show Anti-Tumor Effects via Inhibition of Multiple Cellular Pathways.

Cinnamomum zeylanicum is a tropical plant with traditional medicinal significance that possesses antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-parasitic, and anti-tumor properties. Here, we have elucidated the anti-tumor effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract (CZE) and its bioactive compound cinnamaldehyde (CIN) on oral cancer and elucidated underlying molecular mechanisms. Anti-tumor activities of CZE and CIN were demonstrated by various in vitro experiments on oral cancer cells (SCC-4, SCC-9, SCC-25). The cell proliferation, growth, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy were analyzed by MTT, clonogenic assay, propidium iodide, annexin-V-PI, DAPI, and acridine orange staining, respectively. The binding affinity of CIN towards dihydrofolate reductase and p38-MAP kinase alpha was analyzed by molecular docking. Western blot assay was performed to assess the alteration in the expression of various proteins. CZE and CIN treatment significantly inhibited the growth and proliferation of oral cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. These treatments further induced apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and autophagy. CZE and CIN inhibited the invasion and cytoplasmic translocation of NF-κB in these cell lines. CIN showed a high affinity to MAP kinase P38 alpha and dihydrofolate reductase with binding affinities of −6.8 and −5.9 kcal/mol, respectively. The cancer cells showed a decreased expression of various PI3k-AKT-mTOR pathways related to VEGF, COX-2, Bcl-2, NF-κB, and proteins post-treatment.

Comparative study of the effect of Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract and nanocomplex on some immunological and physiological parameters before and after MTX treatment loading

The current study aimed to know the protective effect of the aqueous extract of Cinnamon zeylanicum and the free Cinnamon nanocomplex loaded with MTX treatment to reduce the effect of arthritis induced with Complete Freunds (CFA Adjuvant) in male albino rats by studying some changes in immunological and histological parameters. Atomic force microscope (AFM) revealed the appearance of changes in the surface of nanocomposites loaded with treatment. The immunological results indicated that the induction of rheumatoid arthritis (RF) in male white G2 rats led to a significant increase (P&lt;0.05) in the level of IL-8 cytokine concentrations 86.31 pg/ml compared with the negative control group at 24.41 pg/ml. There was also a significant decrease (P&lt;0.05) in the level of IL-8 concentration in the G7 group dosed with cinnamon nanocomplex loaded with MTX treatment pg/ml (37.45) and the results of histological parameters showed that there was a significant increase in white blood cells in the positive control group G2 (14.00) compared to With the negative control group G1 (5.433), while in the group G7 there was a significant decrease (p&lt;0.05) (9.433).

Hypolipidemic Potential of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum to Type 2 Diabetes-A Systematic Review

Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CZ) has been involved in extensive research for its hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity effects. Evidence from in-vitro, in-vivo and clinical trials have manifested its potential value for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. This review article highlights the mechanism of action, pharmacological studies, safety studies and drug interactions of CZ on type 2 diabetes which also includes different supplement doses, duration, mode of administration and baseline body mass index. A database search was conducted using the databases: PubMed, Clinical Key, Google Scholar and Science Direct. A systematic review of studies examining the effects of CZ extracts was done. In vitro CZ revealed a potential for reducing the emergence of foam cells and lipid accumulation on vascular smooth muscle cells, preventing hepatic fat accumulation and cessation of the anabolic pathway of fatty acid esterification. The beneficial effects of CZ in animal studies include reduction of serum TG, TC, and LDL-c with increase in HDL-c in a dose-dependent manner and at higher doses over a short duration or at lower doses over a long duration. It also showed in human studies decline in TC, TG, LDL-c with rise in HDL-c in association with baseline BMI (Body mass index) and in a dose-dependent manner, reduction in BMI and more improved profiles when taking capsules in comparison to infusions.

Antidiabetic and Hepatoprotective Activity of a Novel Polyherbal preparation against Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Rats and its Formulation into a Tablet Dosage Form

Context: Diabetes is estimated to affect 79.4 million individuals in India by 2030. Aim: A polyherbal mixture containing hydroalcoholic extracts of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CZ) bark, Eugenia jambolana (EJ) seed, Vinca rosea (VR) entire plant, and Gymnema sylvestre (GS) leaves was tested for anti-diabetic and hepatoprotective properties in different proportions. Materials and Methods: In normal and diabetic rats, the anti-diabetic and hepatoprotective efficacy was evaluated. Male and female Albino Wistar rats weighing 150–200 g were utilized in the experiment. Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, i.p.) was used to induce diabetes. Group 1 acts as a normal control, Group 2 as a diabetic control, and Group 3 as a standard control, all animals of Group 3 were given Glibenclamide at a dose of 5 mg/kg p. o. Diabetic rats in groups 4–7 and 8–11 were given polyherbal preparations (PHPs) containing a combination of the above-mentioned plants in different proportions at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, respectively, for dosage optimization and to determine the most efficacious and safe dose. The treatments were administered for a total of 28 days. Blood was drawn on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days to determine diabetic and hepatoprotective indicators such as body weight, blood glucose (BGL) levels, liver glycogen, total protein, urea, creatinine, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase. On the 28th day of the research, rats were sacrificed, and the pancreas examined for histological results. Results: BGL levels and serum liver enzymes were significantly reduced when a polyherbal mixture including CZ: EJ: VR: GS: 2: 1: 2: 2 at 400 mg/kg was administered. The optimum PHP ratio was then translated into tablet formulations (F1-F9) and tested for quality control characteristics. The weight, hardness, thickness, friability, and disintegration time of polyherbal tablets were all found to be within acceptable pharmacopeial parameters. Formulation F8, which included 20% sodium starch glycolate, had a disintegration time of 291 s. Formulation F8 was further tested for description, hardness, friability, and disintegration time during a 3-month accelerated stability testing. The results of a short-term stability investigation were likewise positive and comparable to the original formulation. Conclusion: As a result, the produced polyherbal formulation F8 may be utilized as a solid dosage form that is stable, patient-friendly, and cost-effective.

Biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract anda study of antibacterial effect against multi-drug resistance Gram-negativebacteria

Introduction and Aim:Nanoparticles for some metals can be used in the treatment of diseases caused by different pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics due to the antibacterial properties of thesenanoparticles.In the current study, thesynthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag) from Cinnamon zeylanicum bark extractwas investigated.&#x0D; &#x0D; Materials and Methods:One mL of cinnamon bark extract was added to 50mL of 1mM of the silver nitrate (AgNO3). After incubation time of bark extract with AgNO3at room temperature for 1-18hours, the silver nanoparticles synthesis through changed colour of the mixture to dark brown.The UV, TEM and FT-IR analysis were carried out to characterize the biosynthesized Ag-NPs, UV-Vis scan showed absorption around 435 nm while TEM showedAg-NPs spherical shape and the sizes of the and FT-IR spectrum detected the presence of different functional groups responsible for reduction and stability of Ag-NPs in an aqueous solution.&#x0D; &#x0D; Results:Biosynthesized Ag-NPs showed inhibitory effect against someGram-negative bacterial species that have complete resistance to the antibiotics P, NA, VA, E, TE. The inhibition zone of Ag-NPs wasdetermined as follows (Citrobacter freundii19mm, Klebsiella pneumonae23mm, E.coli 23mm, Enterobacter spp 20 mm, Acinetobacter baumannii20mm.Therefore, Ag-NPs can be used as alternative treatment for some antibiotics.&#x0D; &#x0D; Conclusion: The Ag-NPs can be successfully prepared form Cinnamomum bark plant. Besides their low cost, these NPs had an antibacterial effect especially against Gram negative bacteria which had a complete resistance to the most common antibiotics

Efficacy of Zingiber officinale and Cinnamomum zeylanicum extracts against experimental Trichinella spiralis infection.

Trichinellosis is a re-emerging zoonotic disease that has become a public health concern since its reported human outbreaks in many countries. The traditional therapy has many adverse effects in addition to the developing resistance. So, this necessitates finding effective natural alternatives. The current study targeted to assess the potential therapeutic effects of Zingiber officinale and Cinnamomum zeylanicum in comparison to albendazole, a conventional therapy for treatment of trichinosis. Sixty mice were classified into five groups (12 mice each), non-infected control, infected control, combined albendazole and prednisolone, Zingiber officinale, and Cinnamomum zeylanicum treated groups. Mice sacrifice was performed on the 7th and 35th days post infection for intestinal and muscular phases respectively. Efficiency of the used preparations was assessed by parasitological, histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical studies in addition to ultrastructural evaluation using transmission electron microscopy. A significant reduction in the mean number of T. spiralis adult worms and larvae was observed in Zingiber officinale and Cinnamomum zeylanicum treated groups, (64.5%, 50.8%) and (68%, 54.6%) respectively. Also, both extracts showed moderate cytoplasmic reactivity for TGF-β1, (69.3% & 67.8%) respectively. The highest reduction in serum TNF- α level was observed in Zingiber officinale treated group during the muscle phase (58.4%) while in the intestinal phase was 50%. The ultrastructural study revealed degenerative effects on both adults and larvae in addition to obvious improvement of the histopathological changes in the small intestine and muscles. We concluded that these herbal extracts especially Zingiber officinale can be considered a practical and successful alternative for the treatment of trichinellosis.

Simultaneous Estimation of Cinnamaldehyde and Eugenol in Essential Oils and Traditional and Ultrasound-Assisted Extracts of Different Species of Cinnamon Using a Sustainable/Green HPTLC Technique.

A wide range of analytical techniques are reported for the determination of cinnamaldehyde (CCHO) and eugenol (EOH) in plant extracts and herbal formulations either alone or in combination. Nevertheless, sustainable/green analytical techniques for the estimation of CCHO and EOH either alone or in combination are scarce in the literature. Accordingly, the present research was carried out to establish a rapid, highly sensitive, and sustainable high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique for the simultaneous estimation of CCHO and EOH in the traditional and ultrasound-assisted methanolic extracts of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, C. burmannii, and C. cassia and their essential oils. The simultaneous estimation of CCHO and EOH was performed through NP-18 silica gel 60 F254S HPTLC plates. The cyclohexane/ethyl acetate (90:10, v v−1) solvent system was optimized as the mobile phase for the simultaneous estimation of CCHO and EOH. The greenness score of the HPTLC technique was predicted using AGREE software. The entire analysis was carried out at a detection wavelength of 296 nm for CCHO and EOH. The sustainable HPTLC technique was observed as linear in the range 10–2000 ng band−1 for CCHO and EOH. The proposed technique was found to be highly sensitive, rapid, accurate, precise, and robust for the simultaneous estimation of CCHO and EOH. The content of CCHO in traditional methanolic extracts of C. zeylanicum, C. burmannii, and C. cassia was found to be 96.36, 118.49, and 114.18 mg g−1, respectively. However, the content of CCHO in ultrasound-assisted methanolic extracts of C. zeylanicum, C. burmannii, and C. cassia was found to be 111.57, 134.39, and 129.07 mg g−1, respectively. The content of CCHO in essential oils of C. zeylanicum, C. burmannii, and C. cassia was found to be 191.20, 214.24, and 202.09 mg g−1, respectively. The content of EOH in traditional methanolic extracts of C. zeylanicum, C. burmannii, and C. cassia was found to be 73.38, 165.41, and 109.10 mg g−1, respectively. However, the content of EOH in ultrasound-assisted methanolic extracts of C. zeylanicum, C. burmannii, and C. cassia was found to be 87.20, 218.09, and 121.85 mg g−1, respectively. The content of EOH in essential oils of C. zeylanicum, C. burmannii, and C. cassia was found to be 61.26, 79.21, and 69.02 mg g−1, respectively. The amounts of CCHO and EOH were found to be significantly higher in ultrasound-assisted extracts of all species compared to its traditional extraction and hence ultrasound extraction has been proposed as a superior technique for the extraction of CCHO and EOH. The AGREE analytical score of the present analytical technique was predicted as 0.75, suggesting excellent greenness profile of the proposed analytical technique. Based on all these observations and results, the proposed sustainable HPTLC technique can be successfully used for the simultaneous estimation of CCHO and EOH in different plant extracts and herbal products.

Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract has antidepressant-like effects by increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor in prefrontal cortex of rats.

Depression is one of the most common mood disorders. Considering the evidence on the effect of Cinnamomum on mood disorders, this study investigatedthe effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cinnamomum (HEC) in an animal model of depression. Thirty-two male rats were selected and divided into four groups (n=8) including: control, depressed, and depressed treated with200 and 400 mg/kg HEC. Depression induction protocol was conducted in all groups except for the control group. Sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swimming test (FST) were done to analyze the depression score. After four weeks, the animals brain cortex was removed and BDNF protein and tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) gene expression levels were determined by ELISA and Real Time PCR, respectively. The results of this study showed that 400 mg/kg of HEC increased the tendency to drink the sucrose solution. Furthermore, immobility time significantly increased in the depressed group compared to the control group while it was attenuated by administration of 400 mg/kg extract on the 28th day versus the depressed group. Also the extract at both doses increased swimming time compared to the depressed group. In addition, an increase in the BDNF protein and TrkB gene expression levels was observed in the prefrontal cortex of the treatment groups. We found that HEC ameliorated depression symptoms in rats and these effects were probably due to an increase in BDNF proteins and its receptor, TrkB, gene expressions in the prefrontal cortex.

Development of Liquid-Based Tea and Its Antidiabetic Effect

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease resulting from insulin resistance which is now a growing concern. Tea from Camellia sinensis is a beverage consisting of many health benefits, one of which is its antidiabetic properties due to the presence of polyphenols. In this study, tea products made from bark extracts of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon) and leaves of Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jak) were evaluated for their antidiabetic effects by testing for the polyphenol content, antioxidant content, and alpha-amylase inhibition activity. The product made from tea and Jak yielded the highest polyphenol content of 53.58 ± 0.12 gallic acid equivalent (GAE) mg/100 g of the raw material, while cinnamon tea yielded a polyphenol content of 22.69 ± 0.45 GAE mg/100 g. The half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 5.3915 mg/L was obtained for the Jak brew and 5.4935 mg/L for cinnamon ice tea demonstrating that cinnamon has better antioxidant capacity. The percentage inhibition of alpha-amylase showed 31.03 ± 0.29% at a concentration of 4 µg/mL of Jak tea and 13.27 ± 0.32% at a concentration of 17.5 µg/mL of cinnamon brew. The maximum yield of cinnamon polyphenols of 35.30 ± 1.10 GAE mg/100 g of the raw material was obtained under an extraction temperature of 75°C, extraction time of 30 minutes, and extraction ratio of 1 : 8 (cinnamon : water). This study suggests that cinnamon bark extracts and Jak leaves’ brew can be potentially useful for the control of diabetes mellitus, and the optimal conditions can be used as an indicator for scaled-up industrial production.

Effects of Alcoholic Extracts of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Origanum Majorana on Expression of Hly Gene in Escherichia coli

Effects of Alcoholic Extracts of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Origanum Majorana on Expression of Hly Gene in Escherichia coli

Histological assessment of effect of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Extract on Experimentally Induced Cutaneous Wound Healing in Rats

Background: A wound may be defined as a disruption of the integrity and role of the tissues in the body. Healing process, which is a normal biological event in the body, is done by many precise, strict and highly programmed phases, the four phases of healing include: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and repair. The herbal medicine is a branch of the complementary and alternative medicine. Cinnamon is a spice that is made from the inner bark of trees has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Objective: Histological assessment of effect of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Extract on Experimentally Induced Cutaneous Wound Healing in Rats. Patients and Methods: Eighteen male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus)of about 250-350gm , were used in this study. Two circular full-thickness wounds were made on the dorsum region of each animal with a sterile biopsy punch(5mm diameter).Local cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oil application was done on wounds of the left side as experimental group, whereas the right side was left to heal spontaneously as control . The healing process was followed for the periods (1,3 and 7days), and specimens were prepared for histological analysis. Results: Histological examination showed wound contraction highest mean values for control group at day 1 and decreased with time and highest mean values of inflammatory cells parameter and blood vessel counts were recorded in experimental groups at days 1 and 3 ,while epithelial thickness showed increased values with time in all groups. Conclusion: The study revealed that local application of cinnamomum zeylanicum was effective in promoting wound healing process.

EFFECTS OF CINNAMOMUM ZEYLANICUM BARK EXTRACT ON NOCICEPTION AND ANXIETY LIKE BEHAVIOR IN MICE

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CZ) bark in the experimental models of pain and anxiety-like behavior in mice.&#x0D; Methods: The extract of CZ bark was administered at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, per orally (p.o) and morphine used as a positive control for pain models, was administered at the dose of 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.). Antinociceptive activity was evaluated using three experimental animal models of pain, namely, tail flick, hot plate, and formalin test. Elevated plus maze test was used to assess the effect on anxiety-like behavior. Rotarod apparatus and actophotometer were used to test muscle coordination and locomotor activity, respectively.&#x0D; Results: Administration of CZ bark extract in the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg showed significantly increased in the tail-flick latency and latency to reaction time in hot plate test as compared to the control group. In the first phase (0–5 min) of the formalin test, a significant reduction in the pain response was found in CZ (200 and 400 mg/kg) and morphine-treated groups, however during the second phase (30–35 min) significant reduction in formalin-induced pain response was observed in 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg CZ extract-treated group when compared to control group. CZ extract administration at 200 and 400 mg/kg dose caused a significant increase in the percentage of time spent in open arms in the elevated plus maze as compared to the control group.&#x0D; Conclusion: Results suggest that CZ bark extract possesses the antinociceptive activity and modulates anxiety-like behavior.

Cinnamomum zeylanicum Extract as Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solutions

The extract of cinnamomum have been evaluated as green inhibitor for the corrosion of Carbon steel in 1M HCl solution was investigated using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, ac electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) , electrochemical frequency modulation (FEM) and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods of monitoring corrosion . The inhibitive property of the extract is attributed to the presence of cinnamic aldehyde as major constituent in the extract. measurements showed that this extract act as mixed-type inhibitor. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with inhibitor concentration. Results obtained by various techniques are close to each other and maximum efficiency of 81.1 % is acknowledged at the inhibitor concentration of 600 ppm. Langmuir isotherm model is found most suitable to explain adsorption behavior of inhibitor for C-steel surface. Molecular adsorption of inhibitor over C- steel surface is found responsible for corrosion inhibition of C-steel in acid.

Antibacterial and Ciprofloxacin-Potentiation Activities of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Extracts against Some Pathogenic Bacteria

Antibacterial and Ciprofloxacin-Potentiation Activities of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Extracts against Some Pathogenic Bacteria