Abstract
Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CZ) bark in the experimental models of pain and anxiety-like behavior in mice.
 Methods: The extract of CZ bark was administered at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, per orally (p.o) and morphine used as a positive control for pain models, was administered at the dose of 5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.). Antinociceptive activity was evaluated using three experimental animal models of pain, namely, tail flick, hot plate, and formalin test. Elevated plus maze test was used to assess the effect on anxiety-like behavior. Rotarod apparatus and actophotometer were used to test muscle coordination and locomotor activity, respectively.
 Results: Administration of CZ bark extract in the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg showed significantly increased in the tail-flick latency and latency to reaction time in hot plate test as compared to the control group. In the first phase (0–5 min) of the formalin test, a significant reduction in the pain response was found in CZ (200 and 400 mg/kg) and morphine-treated groups, however during the second phase (30–35 min) significant reduction in formalin-induced pain response was observed in 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg CZ extract-treated group when compared to control group. CZ extract administration at 200 and 400 mg/kg dose caused a significant increase in the percentage of time spent in open arms in the elevated plus maze as compared to the control group.
 Conclusion: Results suggest that CZ bark extract possesses the antinociceptive activity and modulates anxiety-like behavior.
Highlights
The bark of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CZ) or Cinnamomum verum plant is commonly added as spices and flavoring agent in the food products
Effect on tail flick test Administration of CZ bark extract at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg caused a significant prolongation of mean tail flick latency (TFL) at 60 min (p
The present study demonstrates the antinociceptive effects of hydroalcoholic extract of CZ bark on three animal models of acute pain
Summary
The bark of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CZ) or Cinnamomum verum plant is commonly added as spices and flavoring agent in the food products. Cinnamomum zeylanicum belongs to the family Lauraceae and is commonly known as Ceylon or True cinnamon. Various parts of the cinnamon plant have been used since old times for the treatment of various ailments such as flatulent dyspepsia, anorexia, toothaches, cough, inflammatory conditions, and intestinal colic. Cinnamon has been reported to have antibacterial [5], antifungal [6], antipyretic [7], antidiabetic [8], hypolipidemic [9], antioxidant [10], and uterine stimulant activities [11]. The experimental and clinical studies have proven its efficacy in the treatment of type II diabetes and insulin resistance which is attributed due to the presence of methylhydroxy-chalcone polymer compound in the cinnamon [8]
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