Cial Intelligence Research Articles

The 8th International Workshop on Realizing Artificial Intelligence Synergies in Software Engineering

The International Workshop on Realizing Arti cial Intelligence Synergies in Software Engineering (RAISE) aims to present the state of the art in the crossover between Software Engineering and Arti cial Intelligence. This workshop explored not only the appli- cation of AI techniques to SE problems but also the application of SE techniques to AI problems. Software has become critical for realizing functions central to our society. For example, software is essential for nancial and transport systems, energy generation and distribution systems, and safety-critical medical applications. Software development costs trillions of dollars each year yet, still, many of our software engineering methods remain mostly man- ual. If we can improve software production by smarter AI-based methods, even by small margins, then this would improve a crit- ical component of the international infrastructure, while freeing up tens of billions of dollars for other tasks.

Limits and variability of the use of digital forms (tools) in the legal profession and advocacy: approaches and methods

The article deals with the problem of ensuring human control over the digital environment, which penetrates into all spheres of society, and the role of the legal profession in solving this problem. The doctrinal elaboration of the topic of the article is presented by an analysis of the ethical traditions and ideas about proper law practice that have historically developed in the domestic legal profession, which form the basis of the generally accepted theory (methodology) of the legal profession, and are manifested in the use of the method of lawyer control over the state’s compliance with legal norms in the context of the massive introduction of information (digital) technologies that signifi cantly change the forms of implementation of law in Russia. The normative elaboration of the topic of the article is revealed through the analysis of the Concept for the development of regulation of relations in the fi eld of artifi cial intelligence and robotics technologies until 2024, approved in 2020 by the Government of the Russian Federation, which refl ects the basic provisions of the normative regulation of the digital transformation of public relations in our country. The most important aspects of the article are related to the comparison of the government’s risk-based approach and the lawyer’s safe approach to the introduction of information (digital) technologies, taking into account the general situation with IT solutions in Russia and the creation of the Integrated Information System of the Russian Advocacy (IIS RA), consisting of subsystems — digital forms (tools), the development of which is described in the article with an explanation of the transition from plurality (variability) to unifi cation in their use. The article explains the prerequisites for the manifestation of a set of approaches to the creation and use of digital forms (tools) in the framework of the CIS RB: universalization; unifi cation; authenticity; transparency; fi duciary, as well as appropriate methods of working with these tools.

Application of tribotechnologies based on self-organization by system improvement of combined hole methods

Using of algorithmic procedures artifi cial intelligence technology and a fundamental direction "tribology based on self-organization" a promising method for burnishing hole tool with regular microgeometry of the acting surfaces has been synthesized in terms of innovative use of modern lubricants implementing a scientifi c discovery The effect of wearfree friction of Garkunov—Kragelsky. A mathematical model has been developed to analyze forces burnishing hollow cylindrical workpiece regular microrelief of the surface of the hole.

DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION: IMPLEMENTATION BACKGROUND, CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS

Digital technologies have been deeply integrated into our lives and found their application in all areas of human activity, including agriculture. Technological progress, the development of infrastructure in the IT industry, wider access to the Internet, a high level of education and growing computer literacy of the population contribute to the popularization and introduction of digital technologies in agricultural production. The review of the use of digital technologies in the agricultural sector has shown that existing software tools help plan the work of an agricultural organization, monitor the state of production, manage the farm, and sell products on virtual trading platforms. Most software products are able to store data in the cloud, and farmers can access the system via their personal account from any device with Internet access. There are also a number of programs on the market that allow farmers to plan, analyze and control the crop or livestock production. Leading manufacturers of agricultural machinery and equipment are actively integrating digital technologies into their products. It is now possible to manage a fl eet of vehicles used in the fi elds, and implement unmanned control. Use can be made of tractors equipped with automatic systems for driving along rows or laid paths, turning, and monitoring process parameters. The authors propose a set of digital control means to be used in agricultural production, based on the application of technologies of the Internet of things, cloud data storage, big data processing, and artifi cial intelligence. It is the technologies that digital agriculture will be based on, which use robotic monitoring tools to collect information and transmit it to “cloud data storage”. It is processed there and directed to the control system, which develops the optimal solution and transmits the control signal to the robotic actuators. In this regard, the development of agricultural machinery should be focused on the robotic tools designed for monitoring and performing technological operations. The most diffi cult task is to develop a control system, since it must have elements of artifi cial intelligence and replace humans in agricultural production.

Methods of computational linguistics in the evaluation of artifi cial intelligence systems

The article discusses current research in the fi eld of applied linguistics dedicated to the evaluation of artifi cial intelligence (AI) systems. Linguistic tests are used as the principal tool for evaluating the level of intelligence of such systems, being the most aff ordable way of training AI systems and, at the same time, having high variability necessary for the formulation of intellectual tasks. This paper provides an overview of current methodology for training and testing AI systems and describes the gold standards of textual tasks (benchmarks) in the General Language Understanding Evaluation (GLUE) methodology. We also present an overview of how the theoretical apparatus and practices of linguistics are used to create a Russian-language test for examining the abilities of AI systems, the Russian SuperGLUE. Further convergence of machine learning and linguistic methods can fi ll gaps both in the practice of evaluating AI systems and in their eff ective training.

Intelligent assembly systems

In the framework of artifi cial intelligence, it is shown that an intelligent assembly system must develop solutions that ensure the implementation of the goal, taking into account a specific situation, including in conditions of uncertainty.

DIGITAL DESIGN OBJECTS: FEATURES OF LEGAL REGULATION

The article is devoted to digital design objects. The author analyzes the features of design objects, examines the influence of digital technologies on the creation of design objects. It is suggested to enter the sign of originality for design objects as for works of art. Digital technologies give an impulse and a different meaning to design objects. The designer combines various types of technologies using digital technology. Thus, the originality of the design product will consist of different components: user perception of the object, convenience, fashion, design of creative use and processing of information, and other interesting and convenient elements. Objects created by artifi cial intelligence technology are becoming popular in design. For objects created by artificial intelligence technology, the criterion of originality will be questioned, since in foreign practice (USA, England), the criterion of originality carries the author's personality, but the novelty can be easily determined by the machine. Hence, it is proposed to grant the author of the software product the exclusive right to the object created by the machine.

Who Gets Credit for AI-Generated Art?

SummaryThe recent sale of an artificial intelligence (AI)-generated portrait for $432,000 at Christie's art auction has raised questions about how credit and responsibility should be allocated to individuals involved and how the anthropomorphic perception of the AI system contributed to the artwork's success. Here, we identify natural heterogeneity in the extent to which different people perceive AI as anthropomorphic. We find that differences in the perception of AI anthropomorphicity are associated with different allocations of responsibility to the AI system and credit to different stakeholders involved in art production. We then show that perceptions of AI anthropomorphicity can be manipulated by changing the language used to talk about AI—as a tool versus agent—with consequences for artists and AI practitioners. Our findings shed light on what is at stake when we anthropomorphize AI systems and offer an empirical lens to reason about how to allocate credit and responsibility to human stakeholders.

LEGAL APPROACHES TO THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTS REGULATION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND ITS MEMBER STATES

This article is devouted to the analises of legal approaches to the regulation of artifi cial intelligence in the European Union and its member states. The European Union, Austria, France and Germany legal regulation analysis shows that at that moment there is no single approach regarding the legal regulation of artifi cial intelligence and robots. So, current legal rules are not fully applicable in the scope of contractual liability, that creates need for the adoption of new eff ective standards meeting modern technological achievements and innovations. There is important role of ethical and legal issues associating with risks in the fi eld of human rights and fundamental freedoms, issues developing ethical principles in artifi cial intelligence algorithms. The single legal European approach will help to avoid fragmentation of the EU Member States legislation and will expand the possibilities of mutual recognition in the cross-border use of robots and robotic systems.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) - The Need for New Safety Standards and Methodologies

There have been a series of challenges in developing appropriate safety standards and methodologies as technology evolves to ensure their safe implementation. These challenges, which fi rst arose at the dawn of the industrial revolution, will inevitably continue. New technologies will always forge ahead in a competitive marketplace; failure to do so will inevitably lead to organizational demise. However, these developments must be matched by a complement of research activity seeking to ensure that appropriate new safety standards and methodologies are put in place to maintain acceptable levels of risk. A new challenge now confronts us in the form of artifi cial intelligence (AI), where we stand at the frontiers of decision making in relation to what roles machines and humans should play in optimal decision making and how this will impact safety.

Computer modelling of statistical, structural and neural network methods of pattern recognition

Pattern recognition is one of the most important tasks of both intelligent control systems and arti cial intelligence. The paper substantiates the relevance of the study of computer modelling of statistical, structural and neural network methods of pattern recognition. The article presents a comparative analysis of the quality of pattern recognition using the Hamming neural network and the statistical algorithm. The analysis shows that the use of the Hamming neural network is preferable in most cases. Computer modelling of the structural method using the Freeman code gives a description that allows us to unambiguously assign an object to its class. Based on the analysis of the results of computer modelling, the positive and negative aspects of each method are revealed. As a result, the structural method is the most optimal.

Recent Advances in Security and Privacy for Future Intelligent Networks

The articles in this special section focus on recent advances in security and privacy for future intelligent networks. Recent booming advancements in networking techniques have led to an evolution toward future intelligent networks (FINs). This trend takes place under a circumstance in which a great number of devices are connected for specific purposes by a variety of novel techniques. In FINs, we envision the benefits of integrating intelligence into networks. Contemporarily, these emerging techniques are still at the exploration stage, leaving many privacy and security challenges unaddressed. Existing researchers have already uncovered a great amount of attacks and threats. The situation will be more complicated when incorporating artifi cial intelligence (AI) techniques into networking, as AI techniques are facing unknown or new types of privacy and security threats. To tackle the security challenges in the design of FINs, we organize this Special Issue focusing on the security and privacy of future FINs.

Defending Distributed Systems Against Adversarial Attacks

Brief Biography: I am a postdoc in the Computer Sci- ence and Arti cial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) at MIT, hosted by Professor Nancy Lynch. She received a Ph.D. in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2017, supervised by Pro- fessor Nitin H. Vaidya. Her research intersects distributed systems, learning, security, and brain computing. She was the runner-up for the Best Student Paper Award at DISC 2016, and she received the 2015 Best Student Paper Award at SSS 2015. She received UIUC's Sundaram Seshu Interna- tional Student Fellowship for 2016, and was invited to par- ticipate in Rising Stars in EECS (2018). She has served on TPC for several conferences including ICDCS and ICDCN.

Report from the 1st Int. Workshop on Education through Advanced Software Engineering and Artificial Intelligence (EASEAI '19)

In the past years, everyday life has been profoundly transformed by the development and widespread of digital technologies. Gen- eral, as well as specialized audiences, have to face an ever-increasing amount of knowledge and learn new abilities. This rst edition of the EASEAI workshop tried to address that challenge by look- ing at software engineering, education, and arti cial intelligence research elds to explore how they can be combined. Speci cally, we brought together researchers, teachers, and practitioners who use advanced software engineering tools and arti cial intelligence techniques in education. And researchers and teachers in edu- cation science who address the problem of improving the aware- ness regarding digital technologies through a transgenerational and transdisciplinary range of students.

Brain Science, Brain-inspired Artificial Intelligence, and Applications in Business and Management

Brain science and brain-inspired artificial intelligence have the potential for strengthening business and management. Brain-inspired artificial intelligence (AI) uses principles of brain science to build algorithms and AI systems with human-like intelligence. Some concepts (e.g., cognition, inference, memory, and intelligence) and principles of brain science are introduced in this paper. The research progress in several topics are also presented that include brain-inspired artificial intelligence and brain-inspired computing, project management and brain-inspired management, the integration of brain science into leadership (especially crisis leadership), and brain-inspired decision-making for business. Future research and trends in some topics are introduced.

Systemic formation of information databases of characteristics of processing methods for implementation of algorithmic procedures of artifi cial technological intelligence

As example, the systematic formation of database of optimally effective instrumental support for the methods of combined, deforming and cutting mandrelling of holes fragmentally demonstrated using the scientific foundations of the systemic structural and parametric synthesis of innovative technological objects.

Эссенциальная, экзистенциальная и синергийная антропология VS трансгуманизм и искусственный интеллект

Эссенциальная, экзистенциальная и синергийная антропология VS трансгуманизм и искусственный интеллект

SST'19 - Software and Systems Traceability

Traceability is the ability to relate di erent artifacts during the development and operation of a system to each other. It enables program comprehension, change impact analysis, and facilitates the cooperation of engineers from di erent disciplines. The 10th International Workshop on Software and Systems Traceability (former International Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering, TEFSE), explored the role and impact of traceability in modern software and systems development. The event brought together researchers and practitioners to examine the challenges of recovering, maintaining, and utilizing traceability for the myriad forms of software and systems engineering artifacts. SST'19 was a highly interactive working event focused on discussing the main problems related to software traceability in particular in the context of opportunities and challenges posed by the recent progress in Arti cial Intelligence techniques and proposing possible solutions for such problems.

Цифровизация информационных процессов аудиторской деятельности

Th e article reveals the possibilities of transition of audit organizations to digital technologies, identifi es areas of application of big data analysis and artifi cial intelligence technology for processing and analyzing audited information, collecting, evaluating audit evidence and solving other intellectual problems. Th e article identifi es information processes in relation to auditing, gives their classifi cation based on the types of tasks to be solved, identifi es types of information when using digital technologies, and proposes a scheme of the intellectual system of audit activity.

Проблемы и особенности подготовки педагогических кадров в области образовательной робототехники

The article is devoted to the existing problems arising in the formation of teachers’ readiness for professional activities in the fi eld of educational robotics. The necessity of systemic training of pedagogical personnel meeting the demands of modern society and capable of teaching the young generation of the country at various educational levels, thereby increasing the level of engineering education, is established. The teacher of this direction should have knowledge from various scientifi c fi elds: computer science and information technology, physics, microelectronics and artifi cial intelligence. The article describes the experience of the Institute of Information Technologies and Telecommunications of the North-Caucasian Federal University in teaching children, schoolchildren and students of educational robotics, as well as the training of teachers and advanced training of existing teachers in this field. A promising area of research is the study of the organizational and methodological conditions for the formation of teacher competence and the development of teacher training technologies in the fi eld of educational robotics.