Chuvash State Research Articles

Изготовление панно «Хранительница домашнего очага» в технике коллажа

The purpose of the article is to describe one of the forms of professional training of future leaders of the studio of decorative-applied art, namely, the implementation of a creative project of ethnocultural orientation. Students of the Chuvash State Institute of Culture and Arts made a panel in the collage technique «The Goddess of the hearth». At the first stage of the project, the literature on the topic of Chuvash mythology was studied. Based on the analysis of literary sources – the works of P.V. Denisov, V.K. Magnitsky, D. Mesarosh, A.K. Salmin the main characteristics of the deity «Hertsurt» were identified, which is the keeper of the hearth, the goddess of the right ordering of domesticity in Chuvash mythology. The article provides a technical and technological substantiation of the manufacturing process and describes in detail the sequence of creating the panel «The Goddess of the hearth». The author emphasizes that authentic patterns for embroidery were used, as well as traditional for the Chuvash colors, elements of clothing, utensils. It is noted that the project as a whole contributed to the formation of the main professional competencies of future leaders of the studio of decorative-applied art – to have the skills of making art products in folk traditions.

PROFESSOR V.D. DIMITRIEV – ORGANIZER OF HISTORICAL EDUCATION AND SCIENCE

The article is dedicated to a prominent scientist, public figure and administrator, Doctor of Historical Sciences Vasily Dimitrievich Dimitriev. The article traces the path of his formation as a researcher, teacher, organizer of historical education and science. The professor’s main biographical data, scientific problems developed by him are analyzed. The stages of his work at the Chuvash Research Institute of Language, Literature and History and I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University are determined. Thanks to his brilliant analytical abilities, Vasily Dimitrievich became a specialist in Russian history, but also in ethnography, source studies and related scientific disciplines. The scientist created a whole galaxy of followers. He is considered as their teacher by 10 doctors and 40 candidates of sciences, in whose training he participated. Among the students who defended their dissertations in the last years of the scientist’s life were A.A. Chibis on the theme “Monasteries of the Right Bank of the Kazan Land in the Second Half of the XVI – First Half of the XVIII Centuries: Functioning, Land Ownership and Economy” (2011) and A.K. Kuznetsov on the theme “State Archival Service of the Chuvash Republic: the History of Reorganization and Functioning in 1991–2004” (2011). V.D. Dimitriev’s research is a notable help for historians of the neighboring regions of the Middle Volga region. The scientific heritage of Vasily Dimitrievich will be preserved for many years in the works of his followers and students, historical works and collections of documents. Despite a considerable number of published articles devoted to the scientist’s life, work, his research work, the historian’s scientific archive is valuable, which is stored in the Chuvash State Humanitarian Institute, including more than 200 volumes of various documents from the central and regional archives of the country. V.D. Dimitriev’s personal fund was passed by his will to the State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic. Thanks to the efforts of the scientist, the collected array of sources will enable followers to open new pages both in the history of the Middle Volga region and in the biography of the scientist.

FEATURES OF THE ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT BY THE PROSECUTOR’S OFFICE OF CHUVASHIA IN 2000–2010

The purpose of the research conducted by the author is to clarify the distinctive features in the development of the prosecutor’s office of the Chuvash Republic in the first decade of the 2000s. This topic has an absolute novelty and is raised for the first time in Russian historical science. The author of the article is a member of the author’s group consisting of lecturers of I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University, which conducted a comprehensive study of the history of the Prosecutor’s office of Chuvashia in 2021. The article contains interim results of the study reflecting the main facts and events of the history of the Republican Prosecutor’s Office in the period under review. A number of facts analyzed in the article, which were revealed by the author thanks to archival documents introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, have novelty as well.
 The main methods used in the study were the traditional methods for the Russian historical science problem – chronological and comparative-historical methods. The first of them made it possible to trace the consistent nature of historical events reflecting the development of the Prosecutor’s Office of Chuvashia in 2000–2010. Thanks to the second method, the facts of regional history were considered in comparison with the general processes that took place in the life of the Russian Federation during the period under review. In addition, the author applied a systematic approach, which was expressed in studying the activities of the state legal institution of the Prosecutor’s Office as an integral part of the country’s legal system.
 The result of the study was identifying the characteristic features in the development process of the Prosecutor’s Office of the Chuvash Republic in 2000–2010. These include strengthening state government institutions both in Chuvashia and in Russia as a whole. Against this background, there was a significant reorganization of the prosecutor’s office. Some changes occurred in determining the main priorities of activity. The evolution in the nature of activity is also significant. The prosecutor’s offices became noticeably more open to the public, this is manifested, among other things, in the use of modern information technology opportunities. Special attention was paid to the moral and ethical qualities of the prosecutor’s office staff. The research topic has a high degree of relevance, practical significance and the prospect of continuation in connection with preparing a monographic publication by the author’s group.

Peer review declaration

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.• Type of peer review: Single-blind• Conference submission management system: The submission process had no a software system. Call-for-paper was placed on the Conference web page (https://pasd-conf.ru/), the papers were submitted via e-mail. The reviews were asked and received via e-mails of Editors.• Number of submissions received: 68• Number of submissions sent for review: 61• Number of submissions accepted: 48• Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted/Number of Submissions Received X 100): 71%• Average number of reviews per paper: 1.6• Total number of reviewers involved: 866• Any additional info on review process: The consideration of the submitted manuscript included independent peer review process. We invited the reviewers from Russia, France, China, Turkestan, Iran, India, Ukraine, Georgia, Denmark, Slovak Republic, Germany, Sudan, Australia, Italy, Switzerland, USA, Kenya, Thailand, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Indonesia, Singapore, Japan, Mexico, Malaysia, Sweden, Canada, Turkey, and Ghana. Reviewers gave their view and remarks for each paper. All reviewers were asked to provide within three weeks a detailed review with comments for authors and editors and evaluate paper taking into account Quality Criteria (originality motivation, repetition, and length of the paper), Presentation Criteria (title, abstract, methods, diagrams, figures, tables, and conclusion), and Technical Criteria (scientific merit, clarity of expression, communication of ideas, readability and discussion of concepts, and English).• Contact person for queries: Dr. Anna Godymchuk, Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station, Ural Branch of the RussianAcademy of Science, Tobolsk, Russian Federation, godymchuk@tpu.ru Dr. Anton Stepanov, Chuvash State Agricultural Academy, Cheboksary, Russian Federation For.Anton_step@edu.academy21.ru

Formation of colostral immunity in calfs on the background of the application of immunostimulators to cows

A scientific and practical substantiation of the need for the timely formation of colostral immunity in calves to create nonspecific protection of the body and adaptation of newborns to new environmental conditions is given, which is the most important problem of modern veterinary science and practice. Colostral immunity is immunity that develops in newborns due to colostral immunoglobulins during the first 24-36 hours of life. For some newborn farm animals (horses, ruminants and pigs), antibodies are transmitted to offspring only through colostrum in the early postnatal period. In order to increase the nonspecific defenses of the body of mothers cows, the formation of colostral immunity in newborn calves and the realization of the biological resource potential of the body, immunostimulants were used, developed by scientists of the Chuvash State Agrarian University: Prevention-N-B-S and Salus-PE.

The use of biopreparations in the therapy of mastitis in cows

With the aim of improving productive potential of black pied cattle, preventing and treating clinical mastitis we used biopreparations developed by scientists of the Federal State Budgetary Establishment of Higher Education ‘Chuvash State Agrarian University’: Prevention-N-E and Prevention-N-B-S, as well as Mastinol, homeopathic medicinal product for treatment of mastitis. It follows from the results of our studies that the biological preparations used in the experiments did not influence the physiological condition of animals but activated cell factors of non-specific organism protection. The most obvious effect was demonstrated by Prevention-N-B-S, rather than Prevention-N-E, however this difference was insignificant (P>0.05). Prevention of mastitis in cows with Prevention-N-B-S biopreparation turned out to be more effective than with Prevention-N-E and Mastinol. Recovery of one cow of the 1st experimental group treated by Prevention-N-E took place in 4±0.08 days, which is 7±52 less than in the 3rd experimental group, where Mastinol was used. Atrophy of an udder lobe was observed in one cow in the 3rd experimental group. As a result, the issue of pathogenetic therapy of mastitis in cows is still relevant and we plan to solve it with the use of immunostimulants.

Effect of immunoprophylaxis on reproduction function of highly productive cows

The article describes a method of preventing postpartum obstetric-gynecological diseases and improving cow reproductive function due to the increase of body nonspecific resistance with the application of electropuncture and biopreparation Prevention-N-C (Chuvash State Agrarian University, Russia) and Salus-PE (Chuvash State Agrarian University, Russia). The cows of the 1st group were injected three times 45-40, 25-20 and 15-10 days before calving intramuscularly at a dose of 10 ml/head with the biopreparation Prevention-N-C, and the cows of the 2nd group were injected according to the same scheme and the same term with Salus-PE, and the cows of the 3nd group electropuncture was performed on the Vocal-B device (BIORS, Russia) immediately after childbirth, three times, after 48 h. The use of biopreparations during critical periods of cow steeliness reduced the risks of subinvolution of the uterus, endometritis and mastitis in the postpartum period and increased the reproductive qualities of cows. It has been shown that after the use of Salus-PE, 100% of cows are fertilized, 60% of which are fertilized in the first sexual hunt, and 40% - in the second. The insemination index was 1.4.

Preface

International AgroScience Conference (AgroScience-2021) was held on 16 April 2021 in Cheboksary, Russian Federation. The Conference was jointly organized by Chuvash State Agrarian University (Russia), Life Science University of Bradford (Great Britan), Grodno State Agrarian University (Republic of Belarus), and Research Institute of Livestock and Feed Production (Republic of Kazakhstan).The Conference brought together 129 scientists, academicians, practitioners, and professionals from manufacturing sector in planting, veterinary, farming, agro-engineering, and agro-management sectors from Russia, Belarus, Great Brittan and Kazakhstan. The conference program was structured to encourage mutual inspiration and fruitful debate among researcher. Participants were offered the chance to contribute to the conference in various roles, to demonstrate novel results, and to exchange new ideas and application experiences with each other.AgroScience-2021 was carried out face-to-face in Chuvash State Agrarian University and remotely via Zoom due to COVID pandemic situation. Any person wishing to participate in the event could contact Zoom meetings. Conference topics The AgroScience-2021 was mainly focused on (1) Actual issues of production and processing of agricultural products: Modern technologies for the production and processing of agricultural products; Technologies for the production of environmentally friendly products; Automation of agricultural production processes; Technologies for improving the efficiency of agricultural production; (2) Actual problems of livestock and veterinary medicine: Current issues of veterinary medicine; Private and general animal husbandry; (3) Agro-engineering: Agricultural implements and machinery, Precision farming systems in agriculture, Electrification and automation of agriculture; and (4) Economics and management: challenges and directions of development: Transition to an innovative economy; The digital economy of agriculture in the context of globalization; Management in agricultural enterprises. Keynote speakers Prof. Asylbek Baimukanov, Limited Liability Partnership “South-West Research Institute of Livestock and Crop Production”, professor of the department “Technology of production of livestock products”, Kazakh National Agrarian University, chief researcher of the Kazakh Research Institute of Livestock and Feed Production, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan with lecture: “Influence of the new feeding technology of milking dromedary camels on their milk productivity”.List of Conference Proceedings, Program Committee, Organizing Committee, Web-page, Editors of AgroScience-2021 Proceedings are available in this pdf.

On Environmental Education in the Discourse of the Concept of Sustainable Development (from the Experience of a Pedagogical University)

The article analyzes the implementation of the ideas of sustainable development at the Chuvash State Pedagogical University named after I. Ya. Yakovlev in the field of education. The methodological basis was the work of domestic and foreign authors in the field of research. The relevance of the work lies in considering the experience in the field of environmental education in the discourse of the concept of sustainable development from the standpoint of participation in it of the administration, teachers and students of the university in question, from the point of view of content and organizational aspects. Analysis of the experience of the ChSPU named after I. Ya. Yakovlev in the field of environmental education from the perspective of the sustainable development concept, identified the main contradictions that are of a socio-political and economic nature. It has been noted that teachers, students and the administration of the university are involved in the implementation of activities that create conditions for the implementation of the principles of sustainable development in education on the example of environmental education. It is noted that the university still has problematic issues in the field of education for sustainable development, for the solution of which the authors propose a number of measures that will create comfortable conditions at the university for the global responsibility and active citizenship formation in the field of sustainable development. Within the framework of this article, the authors have developed basic recommendations for integrating the concept of sustainable development into national educational programs, which consist in the following: organization of a center for environmental education and sustainable development of the university; development of the concept of the university in the field of sustainable development; development and implementation in the curriculum of the discipline “Sustainable Development” with the provision of the course with appropriate methodological support. Keywords: sustainable development, environmental education, education for sustainable development, pedagogical university

HIGHER HISTORICAL EDUCATION IN CHUVASHIA (1967–1991): TO THE PROBLEM STATEMENT

Modern development of the state in general and the educational system in particular is largely predetermined by the events of the past, which inevitably become part of history. In the context of historical education modernization, which took place in the country at the beginning of the 21st century, it is necessary to study more deeply the existing experience of creating specialized faculties and teaching history on their basis within higher educational institutions. Historical education in the territory of Chuvashia began to be implemented in the 1930. In the period from 1930 to 1967, the Chuvash State Pedagogical Institute was engaged in the formation of professional historical personnel. From 1967, a new stage in the development of higher historical education of the republic begins, associated with the opening of I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University (I.N. Ulianov ChuvSU). The Faculty of History and Philology (FHP) began working in the structure of the classical university. It consisted of five departments: general history, the history of the USSR, the Chuvash language and literature, the Russian language, Russian and foreign literature, which were headed by leading scientists of the republic. From 1990, changes took place in the history of higher historical education in Chuvashia. This is due to the division of the FHP into three independent faculties, among which the historical one was singled out. During the same period, restructuring of I.N. Ulianov ChuvSU was underway, as a result of which in 1990, in addition to the departments of national history and general history, a new department of archeology, ethnography and regional history began to function at the faculty. During the period of activity of the Faculty of History and Philology, it was headed by well-known scientists, organizers of education: Candidate of Philological Sciences V.Ya. Kanukov, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor V.F. Kakhovsky, Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor M.M. Mikhailov, Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor I.A. Andreev. The Soviet period in the formation and development of higher historical education, associated with the opening of I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University, laid the mainstays for training personnel in subsequent periods.

Неизвестные рецензии на «Словарь чувашского языка» Н.И. Ашмарина

The article provides an overview of reviews of the «Dictionary of the Chuvash language» by N.I. Ashmarin, published in foreign scientific journals. The thesaurus became available to a wide circle of Western linguists after its release in 1968 in the form of a photolithographic edition with a foreword by G. Durfer at the Indiana University in the USA. The research material was reviewed by J. Benzing, G. Dörfer, B. Scherner, M.J. Dresden, K.G. Menges and W. Brands. Many of these documents are kept in the scientific archive of the Chuvash State Institute of the Humanities. The work is written in a scientific vein. The purpose of this work is to introduce into the scientific use of Russian Chuvash studies reviews of N.I. Ashmarin. The thesaurus of the Chuvash language of the outstanding scientist received positive reviews from many foreign colleagues with a worldwide reputation. This work for them became the best source of information about the Chuvash language. For the development of Ashmarin studies, it is important to publish documents, including reviews, one way or another related to the scientist. In this regard, reviews are important documents that contribute to an objective assessment of the results of the scientific activity of the researcher.

ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ АКТИВНОСТИ ГАММА-ГЛУТАМИЛТРАНСФЕРАЗЫ В ТКАНЯХ ПЕЧЕНИ У КРОЛЬЧАТ В РАЗНЫЕ ФАЗЫ ПОСТНАТАЛЬНОГО ОНТОГЕНЕЗА

This work describes the patterns of changes in activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in tissues of various liver lobes (caudate, mastoid, right outer, left outer, left inner, and square) of gray giant rabbits at different phases of postnatal ontogenesis. The enzyme activity was determined by spectrophotometric method in the scientific laboratory of Chuvash State Agrarian University. It was revealed that rabbits are born with different enzyme activities in the studied liver lobes, and the intensity of age-related changes of GGT activity in the studied rabbits’ periods of life in the tissues of liver lobes is diverse, which is connected with change of vegetable feed composition and with unequal need for enzyme participation in metabolic processes in the body tissues during the studied early postnatal period. The most intense changes in enzyme activity with age of rabbits occur at colostrum-milk phase in the square lobe; as for the first phase of milk nutrition - in the right and left outer lobes; the third phase of milk nutrition - in the left inner and in the square lobes; in the second phase of transitional nutrition - in the left inner lobe. Stabilization of GGT activity does not happen by the age of two months.

IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL JUSTICE AND HUMANISM PRINCIPLES IN THE PROFESSIONAL LEGAL ACTIVITY OF VASILY KONSTANTINOVICH MAGNITSKY

Vasily Konstantinovich Magnitsky (1839–1901) is a researcher of the culture and life of the peoples living in the Volga-Ural region, a public figure, an educator, a lawyer. A number of works were written about Magnitsky’s life and work. The articles published at different times contained mainly biographical information and covered certain areas of the researcher’s scientific interests. Meanwhile, the issues of Magnitsky’s worldview formation, his views on the social reality of post-reform Russia and the study of his legal activities were almost bypassed. The paper attempts to analyze the little-studied aspects of the professional activity of the judicial investigator of the Cheboksary uyezd second district, Vasily Konstantinovich Magnitsky. The methodological basis of the study was the method of complex historical analysis (for studying facts and phenomena in the dynamics of their development), as well as methods of problem-chronological and comparative analysis, on the basis of which the main directions of legal practice were studied. The research is based on previously unpublished materials from the funds of the State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic and the Scientific Archive of the Chuvash State Institute of Humanities, as well as data obtained from open sources. The lawyer Vasily Konstantinovich Magnitsky was a bright representative of the generation of the liberal reforms era. In his early youth, Vasily Magnitsky developed beliefs about the role of knowledge and science in human life. The desire to provide benefit for people, to put into practice all his knowledge and experience prompted him to become a graduate in law. Studying law at the university influenced his worldview, professional and scientific activities. Vasily Konstantinovich’s professional activity took place during the years of the reform in the Russian judicial system. The formation of Magnitsky’s personality and his evolution as a human rights activist in the classical sense of the word are inextricably linked with the liberal era of the sixties. According to his views, he was a consistent supporter of justice and humanism ideas, which largely determined his legal practice. As a lawyer, a judicial investigator of Cheboksary uyezd second district, Magnitsky consistently and firmly defended the need to respect the rights of an individual. Protesting against violation of this principle, he often became the object of persecution. Vasily Konstantinovich was critical of the post-reform Russian judicial system, and advocated its further democratization. He drew the attention of the public (including in publications) to the topical problems of judicial proceedings. The role of Magnitsky in high-profile criminal trials (the Multan case) of the second half of the XIX century is noted. Vasily Konstantinovich, along with the performance of official duties, led an active and fruitful work on the study of legal life. The materials collected by Magnitsky are of great value for the study of the customary law of the Chuvash.

Republican registry of primary immune deficiencies in the chuvash republic and description of postvaccinal immunity disorders in a pregnant patient with common variable immune deficiency

In recent years, primary immunodeficiencies have turned from the class of rare diseases to the category of more common disorders which may be encountered by doctors of any clinical discipline. The first case of primary immunodeficiency disorder (PID) in Chuvashia was detected in 1993. Since that time, the Department of Internal Diseases with the Course of Clinical Immunology at the I. Ulyanov Chuvash State University registered all the cases of PID diagnosed in the region, introducing them into the Republican Registry of PID. The study was aimed for searching epidemiological indexes, clinical and laboratory manifestations of PID in Chuvash region. The study was based on the patient data obtained by retrospective analysis of 85 case histories of PID patients, treated at different departments of the Republican Clinical Hospital, and the City Chuvash Pediatric Clinical Hospital of Public Health Ministry in 2000-2019, as well as on 49 outpatient records of the patients included into the Regional PID Registry. Various forms of PIDs were diagnosed according to the criteria developed by the European Society for Immunodeficiency and the Pan-American Group on Immunodeficiency (1999). The results of this study showed that the incidence of PID in the Chuivash Region is 3.4:100,000. The incidence of common variable immune deficiency (CVID), the most common form of PID in the region, was 1.58 per 100,000 population. The average age at the time of CVID diagnosis in Chuvash patients was 30.4±16.1 years, and the age of CVID debut was 11.3±15.0 years. The delay in proper diagnosis from the moment of clinical manifestation of CVID was, on average, 17.9 years in the region. At the time of CVID diagnosis, the patients showed marked decrease in the levels of 3 or 2 immunoglobulin classes (IgG and IgA), and T-helper cell contents (CD3+CD4+) in peripheral blood. Prevalence of selective IgA deficiency with сlinical symptoms was 0.83 per 100,000 population of the region, and the incidence of the asymptomatic form of this PID was 1 : 167. In patients with selective IgA deficiency, there were also disorders in the T cell system manifesting as decreased relative number of cytotoxic T-cells as well as elevated IgG and IgM levels. The age of diagnosis of X-linked agammaglobulinemia in the region was 3.5±3.0 years. In addition to disturbances of humoral adaptive immunity in children with this disease, a decrease in absolute T cell numbers was detected. In conclusion, the article describes disturbances of postvaccinal immunity in a pregnant patient with CVID, with asymptomatic clinical course, thus leading to false interpretation of the serological markers of TORCH infections and wrong strategy of pregnancy management.

TEACHING LINEAR ALGEBRA TO STUDENTS OF ECONOMIC AND TECHNICAL SPECIALTIES: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

Currently, training of students of any specialty at the university implies the formation of professional competencies. Linear is given particular place in this process. After studying this subject students should be able to use the acquired fundamental knowledge in their future professional activities. In addition, students should have the ability to determine general forms and patterns in linear algebra issues. An important role in the process of training specialists is played by the ability to mathematically correctly set science or economic problems, for this it is necessary to have a good understanding of the statements of classical mathematical problems in general. With a high-quality assimilation of the material and a sufficiently good ability to apply it in the required situation, students of technical specialties can plan and carry out pedagogical activities in the future, taking into account the specifics of the subject area in educational organizations. After studying at the university, specialists should be focused on both theoretical and applied activities. The increased requirements for the quality of graduate training are applied to both economic and technical specialties. In this regard, the modular approach to teaching the subject is gaining weight. The ability to develop modules of the same subject that are different in content and complexity for different specialties is of key importance in the training of technical and economic students. Students can immediately work out the practical application of the studied material on examples from their particular specialty, paying sufficient attention to the analysis of various specific nuances without spending too much time on analyzing general examples. The article deals with the issues related to teaching of Linear to students of economic and technical specialties of the Chuvash State University, the similarities and differences in the presentation of the material. The main focus is on modern approaches in teaching the discipline and modular approach as well.

EDUCATIONAL OR SCIENTIFIC CAREER?

One problem with teaching higher educational institutions by university professors is that the educator spends most of the time on their own scientific activities to the detriment of the pedagogical orientation of the learning process and methodology. In addition, the requirements for research and publication activity are constantly increasing, and we often encounter the concentration of teachers' attention on a scientific orientation. As a result these teachers sometimes neglect the very process of teaching students, which leads to the loss of the importance of the pedagogical component of the educational process. The overall nature of the problem lies in the importance of teaching in universities, where teaching is considered a priority activity comparable to science and research. Therefore, in our environment, we can observe a gradually increasing offer of programs to strengthen the pedagogical competencies of teachers. In this article, we decided to focus on the pedagogical component of the educational process of teachers of higher educational institutions of the Chuvash Republic and their participation in the educational program. Purpose of the study: analyze how university teachers perceive and evaluate their pedagogical competencies, that is, how university teachers perceive themselves as a teacher and at the same time how they evaluate professional development programs that are focused on systematic improvement of the level of pedagogical competencies. The research problem lies in the dilemma between the pedagogical development of university teachers (participation in professional development programs) and the concentration on the research component of teaching. The central point of this entire study is the perception of their own pedagogical development by the university teachers themselves and the assessment of the quality of professional development programs. We chose to conduct detailed interviews with 25 teachers from the Chuvash State University of the Chuvash Republic as the central method for data collection. The respondents perceive other university professors not only as scientific experts in their discipline, but also as teachers capable of providing high-quality teaching. At the same time, none of the respondents called themselves a scientific expert in their field. All respondents would like to reduce the scientific component in their pedagogical work, leaving it for some specialized scientific centers. Also, all respondents would like to pay more attention to the very pedagogical process of teaching students - transferring knowledge, communicating with students or teaching students logical thinking, and forming high-quality professional competencies in their pupils. They also pointed out that attempting to save time in the learning process of students forms a "time bomb”, which will further negatively affect the socio-cultural development of society. Most of the respondents believe that the best way to develop their pedagogical competencies is to regularly communicate with their mentors - more professionally competent people. They do not believe that the use of advanced training programs is so important.

ELECTRONIC LEARNING MATERIALS OR TRADITIONAL- WHICH IS PREFERABLE?

We live in a world of modern technology. Information technologies surround us at every step, helping us, making our life easier, and providing many benefits. This modern lifestyle is also changing the way we perceive information technology. Few people today can imagine working and learning in everyday life without a computer, laptop, smartphone, or Internet access. The use of electronic teaching aids is a new, modern approach to education. Previously, the use of e-learning materials was the prerogative of distance learning. The main reason was the very limited possibility of personal contact between teachers and students. The issue has become even more urgent given the epidemiological situation around the world. In connection with the massive spread of the new coronavirus infection, students and schoolchildren all over the world were forced to switch to electronic educational resources to continue their studies. In connection with the introduction of similar approaches as in universities and schools, it is very important to prepare future teachers for the correct use of these technologies. Targets and goals. Explore: 1) whether the students are familiar with the electronic teaching aids and whether or not they are satisfied with them; 2) whether students prefer to learn more through traditional printed learning materials or e-learning materials and whether these preferences differ depending on the field of study; 3) Whether students of technical and mathematical specialties prefer electronic teaching materials to traditional printed materials; 4) what sources of information students use in their research work, and to what extent; 5) the advantages and disadvantages of both electronic teaching aids and traditional printed teaching materials. The research focuses on the opinions of 560 students (of which 280 are women and 280 are men) of the Chuvash Pedagogical University about electronic teaching materials and traditional printed teaching materials. The study was conducted from March to November 2020. The survey was aimed at first-year students of various undergraduate disciplines in full-time education in the following specialties: mathematics, physics and information technology, preparation of primary school teachers, history and social science, biology and chemistry, Russian language and literature, Chuvash language and literature, German language and literature, English language and literature. Next, we divided students in accordance with the kinship of areas into 4 groups: a) mathematics + technical and information education, b) training of primary school teachers, c) philology d) social sciences. We used our own questionnaire as a research method. The following methods were used to process the data: analysis of variance, correlation, and Chi-square test. The study showed that freshmen of the Chuvash State Pedagogical University mainly use ready-made methodological developments, the Internet, their own notes, and books as sources of information for their studies. 50% of students are familiar with the concept of e-learning materials, and 32.14% of students became familiar with them in high school or university. The difference between these two data is due to the fact that the concept of e-learning materials was unknown to some students, but when filling out the questionnaire they found that they used this type of materials during their studies. Average student satisfaction with e-learning materials and traditional printed learning materials is almost the same. In addition, it turned out that 65% of students prefer to study using traditional printed materials. It was determined that students studying mathematics and information technology, more than other students, either prefer to learn through e-learning materials or do not prefer one particular type. The most common form of e-learning materials that students have encountered is the LMS. The respondents see the advantages of e-learning materials as consisting of accessibility, clarity, quick access to information, low cost, paper savings (resulting in environmental protection), and interactivity. Although students stated that they prefer to use traditional printed teaching materials, 83% of respondents would like to continue using e-learning materials during their studies.

INFLUENCE OF INTERDISCIPLINARY COMMUNICATION OF CLASSICAL DISCIPLINES ON DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS OF MACHINE BUILDING SPECIALTIES

It is impossible to imagine the modern educational process without the interrelation between disciplines of different orientation. The necessity to introduce interdisciplinary integration arises in the process of forming the professional competence of students of machine building specialties already from the 1st and 2nd courses of higher schools. The introduction of contemporary teaching methods, their compilation with the classical methodology allows us to form an effective link between such classic subjects of engineering specialties as higher mathematics and theoretical mechanics studied at the machine building faculty of I.N.Ulyanov Chuvash State University. The article considers ways to introduce interdisciplinary communication in the educational process on the example of such basic subjects as "Mathematics" and "Theoretical mechanics". A problem in the course of "Theoretical mechanics" with a detailed study of the interdisciplinary relationship is analyzed.

Этническое самосознание студентов и его развитие в процессе изучения дисциплины «Теория и методика этнокультурного образования»

The article examines the problems of the formation of ethnic self-awareness of university students in the process of teaching the discipline «Theory and methods of ethnocultural education». The relevance of the study is determined by the state policy that elevates culture to the rank of national priorities and recognizes it as the most important factor in the harmonization of public relations, the guarantor of the preservation of a single cultural space and territorial integrity. The purpose of the article is to consider the issues of content-methodological and educational plan in the formation and development of ethnic self-consciousness of students of higher educational institutions in the process of teaching the dissertation "Theory and methodology of ethno-cultural education". The analysis of normative-legal and legislative acts in the field of culture and education, observation, and the method of generalization of pedagogical experience allowed us to identify effective forms and means of ethno-cultural education of students. The data of a sociological survey conducted before and after studying the discipline "Theory and methodology of ethno-cultural education" among students of the training direction "Folk Art Culture" of the Chuvash State Institute of Culture and Arts are presented in the article. Based on the data obtained by such criteria as the level of formation of ethnonigilism, ethnic indifference, positive ethnic identity, ethno-egoism, ethno-isolationism, ethno-fanaticism, conclusions were drawn about the positive result of the study and recommendations were made for the development of ethnic self-knowledge of students in the course of studying the discipline "Theory and Methodology of ethno-cultural education".

Лучшие образовательные практики 2020 года: межрегиональный медицинский турнир MEDCARE в Чувашском государственном университете им. И.Н. Ульянова

Лучшие образовательные практики 2020 года: межрегиональный медицинский турнир MEDCARE в Чувашском государственном университете им. И.Н. Ульянова