Chungnam Province Research Articles

학교폭력 가해 행동에 대한 다차원적 접근: 학교 부적응의 매개 효과와 집단 간 차이 분석

Objectives The purpose of this study is to identify factors that influence violent perpetrative behavior in ado lescence, analyze the mediating effect of school maladjustment, and compare differences between middle school and high school student cohorts. Methods The data from the school safety perception survey of 527 adolescents in one county in Chungnam prov ince were used for the analysis. The research analysis was conducted by regression analysis using PROCESS Macro for SPSS 4.0 to analyze the effects of independent variables of victimization, alienation, and deviant behav ior on the dependent variable of perpetrative behavior using the mediator of school maladjustment. Bootstrapping technique was used to estimate the confidence intervals of the indirect effects. Results Victimization, alienation, deviant behavior, and school maladjustment all have a significant impact on vio lent perpetration behavior. Violent victimization experience was identified as the strongest predictor of violent perpetration behavior, while marginalization experience and deviant behavior interacted to trigger violent behavior. School maladjustment, through its mediating effect, reinforces the pathway of these variables to perpe trative behavior. Comparisons between middle school and high school student populations show that middle school students are more likely to be influenced by deviant behavior, while high school students are more likely to be influenced by the direct effects of violent victimization. Conclusions This study is significant because it analyzes the multidimensional determinants of violent perpe trative behavior in adolescence, reveals the mediating effect of school maladjustment, and suggests the need for differentiated interventions between middle and high school students, thus providing educational and policy foun dations for violence prevention. Future research needs to improve the generalizability of the sample and the appli cation of a longitudinal study design.

초등사회과 모의수업에서 교수자 평가와 동료평가 비교: 지리영역을 중심으로

Objectives In this study, we analyzed data from instructors and peer evaluators who assessed pre-service teach ers' teaching demonstrations to identify the characteristics of peer evaluation and explore ways to improve it. Methods A qualitative analysis was conducted on teaching demonstrations carried out during Korean Geography class at ‘G’ National University of Education in Chungnam province. The analysis utilized peer evaluation reports written by pre-service teachers(third-year students), lesson plans, self-reflection journals, and an interview with the instructor. Results The pre-service teachers emphasized students' levels and competencies and relied on general peda gogical knowledge to evaluate the teaching demonstrations, while the instructor primarily evaluated how well the concepts and characteristics of geography were appropriately incorporated into the lessons. Conclusions Therefore, we proposed peer evaluation guidelines based on elementary school students' levels of interest and curiosity in everyday life and current geographical issues, using these as activity tasks and encourag ing the experience of geographical thinking by participating in the process of constructing knowledge through geographical inquiry.

문제중심학습(PBL) 기반 유아음악교육이 예비유아교사의 음악교수 내용지식과 음악교수 효능감에 미치는 효과

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of early childhood music education based on problem-based learning(PBL) on the music teaching content knowledge and efficacy of pre-service early childhood teachers. Methods For this purpose, the study selected 25 freshmen in the Department of Early Childhood Education at U University in I City and 23 freshmen in the Department of Early Childhood Education at H University in G City in Chungnam Province among the students who took an “early childhood music education” course as their major elective. While the experiment group participated in an early childhood music education program based on PBL, the comparison group took common lecture-style lessons focused on the same teaching materials as the experiment group and participated in workshops and discussion activities. The experiment was conducted for 15 weeks from September 4 to December 14, 2023. Data was analyzed with the SPSS 22.0 program in a t-test for differences between the two groups. Results First, early childhood music education based on PBL had positive effects on the subelements of pre- service early childhood teachers' knowledge about music teaching content including knowledge about the music curriculums, knowledge about the content of the music subject, knowledge about the music teaching-learning methods, and knowledge about the music teaching environment. Secondly, early childhood music education based on PBL also had positive effects on the subelements of pre-service early childhood teachers' music teaching efficacy including expectations for results and belief in music teaching ability. These findings show that early childhood music education based on PBL is effective for promoting pre-service early childhood teachers' knowledge about music teaching content and music teaching efficacy. Conclusions The present study developed and applied an early childhood music education program based on PBL to promote the music teaching ability of pre-service early childhood teachers, proposed a direction for early childhood music education to them, and facilitated their music teaching ability, contributing to the substantialization of music education in the future.

Seroprevalence of Japanese encephalitis virus in wild boars in Chungnam Province, Korea

Seroprevalence of Japanese encephalitis virus in wild boars in Chungnam Province, Korea

Soil pollution with heavy metals in the vicinity of coal-fired power plants in Taean and Seocheon, Chungnam Province, South Korea.

This study investigated the distributions of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in agricultural soils near coal-fired power plants in Taean and Seocheon, South Korea, considering wind direction and distance from the plants. Additionally, pollution assessment for these heavy metals was conducted using the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor. Results showed that heavy metal concentrations in the studied soil samples were below Korean environmental criteria for agricultural soil (Cd: 4, Cu: 150, Hg: 4, Ni: 100, Pb: 200, and Zn: 300mg/kg). However, a significant proportion of samples exceeded average levels found in uncontaminated soils. Spatial distribution analysis revealed higher concentrations of Cd and Pb southwest of the Taean plant, influenced by prevailing northeast winds. In Seocheon, soils within 4km of the plant exhibited elevated levels of Cd and Ni, suggesting coal combustion as a potential contamination source. Pollution assessment indicated that Cd and Pb in soils near both thermal power plants were more enriched by artificial activity compared to agricultural soils in control areas. Sequential extraction results showed that heavy metals in soils within 4km of the Seocheon plant had higher proportions of exchangeable to organic-associated forms than soils beyond 4km, indicating a risk of high bioavailability near emission sources. This study highlights the significant impact of coal-fired power plant emissions on soil contamination, emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring and management. Environmental policies should consider wind patterns and proximity to emission sources to effectively mitigate contamination risks.

Domestic Violence Experience, Past Depressive Disorder, Unplanned Pregnancy, and Suicide Risk in the First Year Postpartum: Mediating Effect of Postpartum Depression.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between domestic violence, past depressive disorder, unplanned pregnancy, suicide risk, and postpartum depression among Korean women using a mediation model approach. A web-based, cross-sectional survey was performed from September 21 to September 30, 2022. Participants included 1,486 women in their first year postpartum from Chungnam Province, South Korea. The generalized linear model mediation was analyzed using the R-based Jamovi 2.3.21 version program. Of all participants, 8.7% had domestic violence experience, 7.5% had been diagnosed with depressive disorder by the doctor in the past, 33.0% had reported that the last pregnancy was unplanned, 39.9% had postpartum depression, and 11.2% of the participants had a suicide risk. Among the participants with a high risk of suicide, 34.4%, 37.5%, 53.1%, and 96.9% reported experiencing domestic violence, past depressive disorder, an unplanned pregnancy, and postpartum depression, respectively. Postpartum depression partially mediated the relationship between domestic violence, past depressive disorder, and suicide risk and completely mediated the relationship between unplanned pregnancy and suicide risk. Our findings highlight the necessity for screening and early intervention for suicide risk and postpartum depression from pregnancy to the first year postpartum.

초등학교 고학년의 자아개념 잠재프로파일 분석

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate classifications and qualities of the self-concept latent profile using latent profile analysis; and to verify how the latent profile is related to predictor variables and outcome variables. Methods For this purpose, a self-concept latent profile analysis was conducted on 388 elementary school students in Chungnam province. The social support scale was selected as a predictor of self-concept latent profile, and achievement-related variables (self-determination motivation, achievement emotion, academic effort) and academic achievement scale were selected as outcome variables according to self-concept latent profile. Results The major results of this study are as follows. First, three self-concept latent profiles were extracted from elementary school students: ‘Overall Lowness-Physical Appearance Negative Type’, ‘Overall Average-Parent Relationship Positive Type’, and ‘Overall Positive Type’; Secund, the higher the social support(teacher⋅parents⋅friend support) as predictor variables of the self-concept latent profile, the higher the likelihood of belonging to the ‘Overall Positive Type’; the lower the level of these, the higher the likelihood of belonging to the ‘Overall Lowness-Physical Appearance Negative Type’; Third, for those belonging to the ‘Overall Positive Type’, where self-concept is high, higher levels of self-determination motivation, enjoyment, academic effort, and academic achievement were identified, rather than in the ‘Overall Average-Parent Relationship Positive Type’ and ‘Overall Lowness-Physical Appearance Negative Type’. Conclusions By revealing that self-concept changes into various types, it shows the need for educational intervention to promote social relationships, along with customized guidance according to the group level.

The recent occurrence pattern of diseases and pests in strawberry greenhouse of Chungnam province, South Korea, during nursery period

The recent occurrence pattern of diseases and pests in strawberry greenhouse of Chungnam province, South Korea, during nursery period

미디어 빅데이터 의미연결망을 통해 본 문화도시와 관광 담론 연계: 공주 문화도시 사례

Purpose: This study is aim to make policy suggestions to secure sustainability in promoting Cultural City policies. Cities discover and reinterpret existing original to secure competitiveness, but cities can survive by creating new cultures. Tourism also contributes to the creation of economic effects by emphasizing industrial aspects, but essentially, tourism plays a role in enjoying the culture of the city and further creating a new culture. Nevertheless, culture and tourism tend to become instrumental and means of urban development, which will be set as a hurdle to sustainable urban development. Methods: The discourse that appeared in the media was analyzed targeting Gong-Ju City, Chung-Nam Province, which was recently designated as a Cultural City. For about 6 years from January 2018 to December 2023, big data on cultural cities and tourism mentioned on media reports and SNS were collected, and discourse was presented through frequent word frequency analysis, centrality analysis, and CONCOR analysis. For data collection, processing, and analysis, a big data solution, TEXTOM was used. Results: A total of 4,030 documents and 17,530 words with the keywords of Gong-Ju, Cultural City, and tourism were collected. In addition to the search keywords, tourism-related travel, tourist cities, and tourists accounted for the high frequency along with words such as culture, travel, Chung-Nam, hosting, and promotion. Centrality analysis revealed culture, city, tourism, region, and history are orient direction of discourse. As a result of the discourse analysis, the orientation of the future cultural city through history, the life-style resources of local residents as cultural resources, policies and programs activation before and after the designation of a cultural city, and the possibility of the tourism industry for a cultural city were extracted. Conclusion: Since Gongju, a Cultural City, was initial stage, there was a limit to discovering how it was connected to regional differentiation and tourism. However, it was suggested how to create a new discourse by linking tourism, focusing on the research results and developmental suggestions through previous studies.

Evaluation of Bioactive Functions and Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds of Glehnia littoralis from Different Regions

Glehnia littoralis F. (GLF), a perennial herb indigenous to the coastal areas of northern Pacific countries is widely utilized in medicine for various diseases and symptoms. The current study aimed to determine the relationship between phytochemicals and their diverse functional abilities. High-performance liquid chromatography and a photodiode array detector were used to identify chlorogenic acid (1), rutin (2), isoquercitrin (3), psoralen (4), 8-methoxy psoralen (5), and bergapten (6). 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+)- and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-radical-scavenging assays were conducted. It was found that GLF from the Chungnam Province had a higher content of compounds 4–6 contents of approximately 51.29 µmoL/g, which was primarily composed of bergapten (6) (44.44 µmoL/g). Moreover, GLF from Jeju Island exhibited the strongest ABTS+- and DPPH-radical-scavenging activities, with IC50 values of 6.69 mg/mL and 10.26 mg/mL, respectively, followed by Chungnam Province and Jeonnam Province. In contrast, the radical-scavenging activities of GLF did not correlate with compounds 4–6 (furanocoumarins) and were predicted to be related to compounds 1–3. These differences in chemical composition and biological functions are consistent with differences in environmental conditions. Therefore, GLF with high amounts of flavonoid compounds such as rutin and isoquercitrin could potentially be utilized as herbal medicines; however, further research into their additional biological effects is needed.

Analysis of the effect of the operation of the school affairs support team on the satisfaction of teachers' school affairs : In the middle school located in Chungnam province

Analysis of the effect of the operation of the school affairs support team on the satisfaction of teachers' school affairs : In the middle school located in Chungnam province

Triangularia manubriata sp. Nov.: A Novel Fungal Species Belonging to the Family Podosporaceae Isolated from Soil in Korea

The fungal strain designated as KNUF-21-020, belonging to the genus Triangularia, was isolated from a soil sample collected in the Chungnam province, Korea. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacer regions and partial sequences of large subunit rRNA, beta-tubulin, and RNA polymerase II subunit genes revealed that the strain was grouped in a clade with Triangularia species. However, it occupied a distinct phylogenetic position. We also observed morphological differences between strain KNUF-21-020 and closely related species. Here, we provided detailed descriptions, illustrations, and discussions regarding the morphological and phylogenetic analyses of the closely related species to support the novelty of this isolated species. The phylogenetic analyses and morphological observations indicate that the strain KNUF-21-020 represents a novel species in the genus Triangularia (family: Podosporaceae). We have designated this species as Triangularia manubriata sp. nov.

Evaluation of Spatiotemporal Variations in Water Quality Along the Chungnam Province Coast and Inner Estuary (West Coast of Korea)

Evaluation of Spatiotemporal Variations in Water Quality Along the Chungnam Province Coast and Inner Estuary (West Coast of Korea)

Conservation Status and Scheme of Christian Cultural Heritage in Chungnam Province, Korea

For the stable conservation of cultural heritage, it is truly meaningful when it becomes the objects of national management. Most cultural heritage related to religion has touching stories of historical development, succession and social resonance, and includes tangible evidence of noble sacrifice. Therefore, the Christian heritage of Chungnam Province examined through this study also deserves sufficient respect. However, cultural heritage is valued for its universal validity, authenticity and integrity that go beyond ideas and ideologies. In addition, cultural heritage that symbolizes the nation, era, history and culture requires original assets that can be preserved, transmitted and utilized beyond various interests. As examined in this study, the nine church buildings and six historic sites and monuments in Chungnam Province established before the 1960s are not fully evaluated as cultural heritage despite their historicity. Therefore, authenticity must be created through continuous research, value discovery and conservation scheme. And, the search for yet unknown records and cultural heritage must continue, and the standards and validity evaluation must be verified. If the Christian history that connects modern times in Chungnam Province is reexamined, cultural heritage such as buildings and records are discovered, and a scientific conservation and management system is established, it will serve as an opportunity to promote the development of not only Christianity but also local culture, and the identity of Chungnam’s Christian culture. It is expected that it can be utilized as an important resource in forming.

Long-term changes of rice yield loss estimated with AOT40 and M7 metrics using comprehensive ozone and rice cultivation data over South Korea

This study examines the change in rice yield due to ozone exposure in South Korea using extended air quality monitoring data from 2000 onwards. Notably, the maximum daily 8-h average O3 (MDA8O3) showed a substantial annual increase of 1 part per billion by volume (ppbv) from 1990 to 2021. AOT40 (accumulated dose of ozone over a threshold of 40 ppb) levels exceeded set thresholds in the early 2010s, and the M7 (mean 7-h ozone mixing ratio) index exhibited a parallel pattern, with a more pronounced increase than the AOT40 during the same period. Spatial variations of AOT40 and M7 metrics have been assessed annually across South Korea since 2000. Both metrics displayed spatial disparities, with higher values in western regions and lower values in the east. In particular, Dangjin and Seosan counties in Chungnam province experienced the greatest rice yield loss due to extensive rice cultivation area and high ozone exposure metrics. The quantified yield loss due to AOT40 increased from 127,000 in 2000 to 230,000 tonnes in 2021 with an increasing rate of 6500 tonnes per year. M7 indicated a rise in yield loss of 3500 tonnes per year, with yield losses growing from 32,000 in 2000 to 92,000 tonnes in 2021. Despite M7’s lower loss, it demonstrated a higher percentage increase of 188% over two decades, which was double AOT40’s 81%. While the decline in rice production was mainly linked to shrinking cultivation areas, its productivity was improved. Taking both factors into account, there was an unexplained 3% decrease in production over the same period. This discrepancy was close to the 2.5% rice yield loss attributed to the AOT40 metrics, suggesting that the majority of the additional 3% decline in production, surpassing improvements in productivity, could be attributed to the impacts of ozone exposure. We estimated the annual economic loss due to rice yield loss up to around 0.6 billion US dollars, corresponding to an annual rice production loss of 230,000 tonnes using AOT40. It is important to note that this value is expected to steadily worsen as ozone levels increase. This underscores the urgency of taking swift measures to reduce ozone levels, aiming not only to mitigate future economic losses but also to prevent potential health implications.

Selection of candidate sites for agrivoltaics in Chungnam Province: utilizing AHP analysis and ArcGIS

Selection of candidate sites for agrivoltaics in Chungnam Province: utilizing AHP analysis and ArcGIS

프레네 교육과 쿠지네 소집단 자유학습 적용 방과후 프로그램 개발

The objective of this study is to develop a more specialized after-school program for lower-grade elementary school children, moving away from a talent-centered approach. Drawing on previous research using Freinet pedagogy and Cousinet's small group free learning, a total of 10 sessions were designed focusing on expression, communication, and cooperation. The program was implemented for three months at OO Elementary School in N City, Chungnam province, and then refined based on feedback. Additionally, to assess the program's effectiveness, measures of self-expression, social competence, and social behavior were administered before and after the program, and a comparative analysis was conducted. Due to the limited number of participants, qualitative analysis was conducted on the program development process and the journals of three researchers and prospective teachers who participated in the implementation. The analysis revealed that the themes of the after-school program emphasizing expression, communication, and cooperation included transitioning from presentations to expressions, teacher cooperation and communication, changes in and utilization of activity spaces, fostering and supporting self-formed small groups, and satisfaction with program execution. This after-school program, as designed, cannot serve as a standardized model, but it can be flexibly implemented based on the characteristics of the after-school institution, the implementing agents, and the target audience.

Association of Social Support and Postpartum Depression According to the Time After Childbirth in South Korea.

This study examined the association between social support and postpartum depression (PPD) according to the time after childbirth within 12 months in South Korea. Data were collected from 1,481 women in Chungnam Province, South Korea from September 21 to 30, 2022. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the association between social support and PPD. Subgroup analysis of the associations of support from family, friends, and significant others with PPD according to the time after childbirth was undertaken using crude and adjusted models. Of the participants, 39.91% had PPD. The prevalence of PPD was 36.05% at <3 months, 37.50% at 3≤ to <6 months, and 44.41% at 6≤ to <12 months. A 1-point increase in the social support score was associated with an increase in the adjusted odds ratio of PPD of 0.91 (95% confidence interval=0.90-0.93). Social support from family was significantly associated with PPD regardless of the time after childbirth. Support from significant others was significantly associated with PPD after 6≤ to <12 months. Family support should be provided consistently to women after birth; social connections with significant others can prevent PPD.

Molecular phylogeny, distribution, and pathogenicity of a novel thraustochytrid protist in the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, on the west and south coasts of Korea

Protozoa are major threats to wild and cultured marine bivalves. In this study, a protozoan pathogen was isolated from the hemolymph of the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, in the coastal region of Chungnam province, Republic of Korea. Based on an 18S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the species was likely a novel thraustochytrid and was designated as Manila clam parasite unknown (MCPX). Bioinformatic and phylogenetic analyses clearly indicated that MCPX is a well-supported lineage in the family Thraustochytriidae. The trophozoites of MCPX had a smooth, round surface without vacuoles, with a diameter of 6.42 ± 1.70 μm. Nuclei were located at the edge of the cell. In a national survey based on conventional PCR, MCPX was widely distributed in Manila clams in the western and southern coastal regions of Korea, while no infection was found on the eastern coast. Digital PCR analysis revealed that MCPX mostly occurred as co-infections with Perkinsus olseni at a low density. An in vivo challenge experiment indicated that Manila clams infected with MCPX had higher mortality rates than those of clams infected with P. olseni. In vitro, greater inhibition of phagocytosis and higher nitric oxide production were observed in the hemolymph of Manila clams upon challenge with the MCPX than in clams infected with P. olseni, suggesting that the species has high pathogenicity. These results provide detailed information on a newly identified parasite at the molecular and morphological levels as well as its pathogenicity in Manila clam for the first time in the Republic of Korea. Furthermore, our findings emphasize the importance of monitoring new pathogens of Manila clams in Korea.

Neocucurbitaria chlamydospora sp. nov.: A Novel Species of the Family Cucurbitariaceae Isolated from a Stink Bug in Korea

The fungal strain KNUF-22-18B, belonging to Cucurbitariaceae, was discovered from a stink bug (Hygia lativentris) during the investigation of insect microbiota in Chungnam Province, South Korea. The colonies of the strain KNUF-22-18B were wooly floccose, white to brown in the center on oatmeal agar (OA), and the colonies were buff, margin even, and colorless, reverse white to yellowish toward the center on malt extract agar (MEA). The strain KNUF-22-18B produced pycnidia after 60 days of culturing on potato dextrose agar, but pycnidia were not observed on OA. On the contrary, N. keratinophila CBS 121759T abundantly formed superficial pycnidia on OA and MEA after a few days. The strain KNUF-22-18B produced chlamydospores subglobose to globose, mainly in the chain, with a small diameter of 4.4–8.8 μm. At the same time, N. keratinophila CBS 121759T displayed a globose terminal with a diameter of 8–10 μm. A multilocus phylogeny using the internal transcribed spacer regions, 28S rDNA large subunit, β-tubulin, and RNA polymerase II large subunit genes further validated the uniqueness of the strain. The detailed description and illustration of the proposed species as Neocucurbitaria chlamydospora sp. nov. from Korea was strongly supported by molecular phylogeny.