Choice Of Topics Research Articles

Локальні студії радянського повсякдення: досвід, уроки, виклики

The purpose of the article is an attempt to analyze the results of the activities of domestic researchers of the history of Soviet everyday life (historians, ethnologists, cultural scientists, anthropologists, sociologists, art critics), which were presented at seven all-Ukrainian scientific and theoretical seminars of the series «Everyday Life: Visions and Meanings», held at Vinnytsia State Pedagogical University M. Kotsyubynskyi during 2015-2023. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific, special-historical and interdisciplinary methods and tools of socio-cultural analysis. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that it attempts a primary (self) analysis and generalization of the local experience of the problematization of the Soviet past through the lens of everyday life. Conclusion. The initiative of the scientists of the Center for the Study of Everyday History of the Faculty of Vinnytsia Pedagogical University was launched in the context of the beginning of Russian aggression as a response to the request for an in-depth historical-anthropological and socio-cultural study of the (un)completed Soviet past through the visions and meanings of the life world of an ordinary Soviet person. Researchers of leading scientific institutions and higher educational institutions of Ukraine actively responded to the proposal of a scientific and theoretical dialogue between specialists. Some summaries of the journey can be expressed in several theses. First, the choice of topics for each subsequent seminar was not arbitrary. It is determined, on the one hand, by specific public requests and the professional readiness of researchers, and on the other hand, it arose from the specific interdisciplinary work of each previous seminar. Secondly, in Ukraine as result, a stable core of qualified researchers of the Soviet past from various scientific fields has formed, to which new generations of researchers are interested. Systematic scientific dialogues contributed to the expansion of the subject field of Soviet everyday life, deepened and improved the methodology of its study, significantly for the development of an adequate understanding and interpretation of the Soviet past.

Evaluation of ecotourism suitability based on AHP-GIS: Taking Xiaoxiangling area of the Giant Panda National Park and the surrounding communities as an example.

The primary goal of national parks is to protect ecological environment, but also with the functions of scientific research, education, and recreation. Aiming for the realization of universal sharing, we used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to construct an ecotourism suitability evaluation system by selecting four factors, including landscape resources, ecological environment carrying capacity, recreation utilization capacity and social condition, taking Xiaoxiangling area of Giant Panda National Park and the surrounding communities as an example. We evaluated the ecotourism suitability based on GIS, and conducted a questionnaire survey of tourists, to propose suggestions on the functional zoning in terms of ecotourism suitability and subjective choice preferences of tourists. The results showed that the ecotourism suitability of the evaluation area could be classified into five levels. The most suitable areas were located nearby the natural landscape resources and far away from the core conservation area, and the least suitable areas distributed at the edge of the core conservation area. According to the results of suitability analysis, the evaluation area was divided into suitable development area, moderate development area, and restricted development area. Combined with the tourist preferences, we divided the recreational activities in the evaluation area into seven activities, namely, ecotourism, eco-camping, science education, leisure vacation, agricultural and animal husbandry culture experience, eco-education, and mountain adventure. These findings could help provide suitable services for different tourists and offer reference for the ecotourism developmental planning of the Xiaoxiangling area of the Giant Panda National Park.

Missionary as gatekeeper in translation: exploring motivations based on the cases of two missionaries in the late Chinese Ming dynasty (1580s-1640s)

ABSTRACT This article investigates the role of missionaries in translation activities during the last six decades of the Ming dynasty in China and explores the motivations from a sociological perspective. The study identifies three ways in which missionaries carried out the act of gatekeeping, including the alteration of book subjects, the selection of collaborators, and the addition of religious texts. Drawing on Bourdieu’s theory of social practice, the analysis reveals that these gatekeeping behaviours were motivated by the intricate interplay among habitus, field, and capital. The study suggests that missionaries adjusted their habitus to influence the choice of book subjects, carefully selected collaborators to navigate the translation field securely, and incorporated religious texts to enhance their standing in the religious field. Consequently, missionaries functioned as gatekeepers in translation, guided by their habitus and leveraging diverse capitals to advance their position in the social field of the late Ming dynasty, with the ultimate goal of spreading religious culture China.

Gendered conditions of higher education access: advancing a gender prism analytic through the case of Haryana, India

ABSTRACT This article argues that a holistic, nuanced analytical framework for analysing gender and access to higher education (HE) would be of great benefit to the field, especially in an era where many country contexts are declaring that gender inequalities in HE access are solved due to the use of the gender parity index (GPI) as a measure of success. As such, this article proposes a framework to analyse gendered conditions of access to HE, referring to the various ways in which young people of different genders arrive in HE but with different gendered backgrounds behind them and different gendered expectations of their futures ahead of them, even when they were born into the same families and communities. Drawing on feminist sociological and poststructuralist thinking, the proposed framework promotes a refractive perspective to unpack the varied gendered influences that shape young people’s educational trajectories. The article illustrates the framework with the case of the north-Indian state of Haryana, based on an in-depth mixed-methods empirical study of gendered HE access in government colleges. The analysis reveals enduring gendered disparities that are otherwise masked by the use of GPI, including gendered differences in the perceived purpose of HE for young people, which results in differentiated prioritisation of e.g. quality of institution or subject choice. The article aims to provide future studies in this area with a framework that can be applied in and beyond the Indian context.

Teachers Efforts in Evaluating Islamic Religious Education Learning Using Discussion Learning Methods

This research evaluates Islamic education learning carried out by teachers at Public Middle School 1 Panji. This research method uses a qualitative approach, and the type of research used is field research. Selection of Research Subjects This research method uses a qualitative approach, and the kind of research used is field research. Teachers and students at Public Middle School 1 Panji proposed the choice of research subjects. The data collection techniques used in this research are observation, interview and documentation. The data analysis used by researchers is data analysis from Miles and Huberman's ideas, namely data condensation, data presentation, and concluding/verification. Islamic education learning requires a process to help students learn the Islamic religion. Evaluations carried out by teachers, both assessments of the learning process and evaluations of learning outcomes, are carried out to maximize students' intelligence in terms of knowledge, enjoyment of life, and ability to interact physically and socially. In the community environment. Islamic education learning must be pursued through good planning to influence students' choices, decisions and life developments. The evaluation results carried out by Islamic education teachers are effective and can increase students' active learning and thinking during the learning process and its application in everyday

The formation of research in the field of chemical technology of ceramic and composite materials in Komi Scientific Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1980-1990-ies)

The work is devoted to the history of the formation of one of the scientific directions currently developing at the Institute of Chemistry of the Federal Research Center "Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences". The subject of the study is the process of formation and development of research in the field of materials science and chemical technology of ceramic and composite materials in the Laboratory of Chemistry and Solid State Physics of the Department of Chemistry of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the 1980s and 1990s. The main attention is paid to the study of the prerequisites for the creation, conditions and main stages of the laboratory, the mechanisms of interaction between a research institution and industrial enterprises of the republic, the analysis of the influence of external factors on the choice of subjects and the development of scientific research, the role of the personality of a scientist in the history of science. The methodological basis of the research is the principle of historicism, a problem-chronological approach, according to which the formation of a scientific direction in an academic institution was studied in the context of the history of industrial development of the region. Based on the documents stored in the funds of the Scientific Archive of the Komi Scientific Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and published works, the history of the organization and operation of the laboratory of chemistry and solid state physics was reconstructed for the first time. It is established that one of the main factors that determined the process of formation and development of research in the laboratory during this period was the availability in the republic of promising reserves of mineral raw materials suitable for use in obtaining functional ceramic and composite materials; the necessary research base; the development of high-tech industries in the Komi ASSR. Scientists have been working on the creation of physico-chemical bases for the production of high-tech materials with special properties (magnetic, electrophysical, etc.) based on the mineral raw materials of the republic. New materials with special physical and chemical characteristics obtained in the laboratory were introduced into production, which contributed to the development of the region's industry.

Robust Imaging of Fault Slip Rates in the Walker Lane and Western Great Basin From GPS Data Using a Multi‐Block Model Approach

AbstractThe Walker Lane (WL) in the western Great Basin (GB) is an active plate boundary system accommodating 10%–20% of the relative tectonic motion between the Pacific and North American plates. Its neotectonic framework is structurally complex, having hundreds of faults with various strikes, rakes, and crustal blocks with vertical axis rotation. Faults slip rates are key parameters needed to quantify seismic hazard in such tectonically active plate boundaries but modeling them in complex areas like the WL and GB is challenging. We present a new modeling strategy for estimating fault slip rates in complex zones of active crustal deformation using data from GPS networks. The technique does not rely on prior estimates of slip rates from geologic studies, and only uses data on the surface trace location, dip, and rake. The iterative framework generates large numbers of block models algorithmically from the fault database to obtain many estimates of slip rates for each fault. This reduces bias from subjective choices about how discontinuous faults connect and interact to accommodate strain. Each model iteration differs slightly in block boundary configuration, but all models honor geodetic and fault data, regularization, and are kinematically self‐consistent. The approach provides several advantages over bespoke models, including insensitivity to outlier data, realistic uncertainties, explicit mapping of off‐fault deformation, and slip rates that are more objective and independent of geologic slip rates. Comparisons to the U.S. National Seismic Hazard Model indicate that ∼80% of our geodetic slip rates agree with their geologic slip rates to within uncertainties.

Probabilistic multiphysics inference with flexible coupling and data covariance estimation

We consider combining complementary information contained in multiple data types recorded from distinct physical processes interacting with the Earth’s subsurface. Such multiphysics inference of non-invasive geophysical observations can improve the resolution of Earth structure and processes, but is plagued by many subjective choices that practitioners are commonly required to make. We present the method of probabilistic multiphysics inference that employs Bayesian statistics to overcome several requirements for subjective choices. To ensure appropriate data weights, full data covariance matrices are estimated during Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling. The layering structure of the subsurface is estimated with flexible coupling, where the number of homogeneous layers is treated as unknown and the number of geophysical parameters for each layer are unknown. The latter permits flexible coupling such that parameters for different physical processes are not required to share the same layering structure, which avoids over-parametrization. We consider two examples with elastic and electromagnetic waves. In the first example, the thicknesses of shallow (tens of meters) active and permafrost layers are better constrained by probabilistic multiphysics inference. The second example resolves cratonic structure, with reduced uncertainty of a sedimentary basin and for the depth of the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary. [Work supported by an NSERC Discovery Grant.]

Relevance of Rapport Management in Marital Conflicts: Issues from Covid-19 Pandemic Lockdown

The total lockdown in Nigeria during the second quarter of year 2020, which emanated as a strategy to control the pandemic caused by the Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) generated diverse cases of marital conflicts that necessitate close examination. In this connection, the aim of this research is to investigate the rapport strategies involved in the marital conflicts depicted in a widely shared video skit on some WhatsApp platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Nigeria, with the objective to project rapport orientations and relational skills for managing marital relationships. The linguistic approach adopted for this research is Spencer-Oatey's (2008 and 2011) [13, 14] Rapport Management, which pertains to the sub-field of Pragmatics. Rapport management perspective is viable for analyzing marital conflicts, particularly being that language is pivotal in both the construction and destruction of social relationships. Rapport management basically includes politeness/impoliteness dimensions, face sensitivities, sociality rights and obligations, as well as interactional goals. The methodology for this research is qualitative and its paradigm is interpretive. The research findings reveal that all levels of language and domains such as speech acts, topic choice, topic organization, turn-taking rights, choice of tone, use of address terms and honorifics, gestures, eye contact, proxemics and other body movements need to be properly managed because they could affect rapport between interlocutors either positively or negatively, such that marital relationships could either be enhanced, maintained or threatened.

Widespread analytical pitfalls in empirical coexistence studies and a checklist for improving their statistical robustness

Abstract Modern coexistence theory (MCT) offers a conceptually straightforward approach for connecting empirical observations with an elegant theoretical framework, gaining popularity rapidly over the past decade. However, beneath this surface‐level simplicity lie various assumptions and subjective choices made during data analysis. These can lead researchers to draw qualitatively different conclusions from the same set of experiments. As the predictions of MCT studies are often treated as outcomes, and many readers and reviewers may not be familiar with the framework's assumptions, there is a particular risk of ‘researcher degrees of freedom’ inflating the confidence in results, thereby affecting reproducibility and predictive power. To tackle these concerns, we introduce a checklist consisting of statistical best practices to promote more robust empirical applications of MCT. Our recommendations are organised into four categories: presentation and sharing of raw data, testing model assumptions and fits, managing uncertainty associated with model coefficients and incorporating this uncertainty into coexistence predictions. We surveyed empirical MCT studies published over the past 15 years and discovered a high degree of variation in the level of statistical rigour and adherence to best practices. We present case studies to illustrate the dependence of results on seemingly innocuous choices among competition model structure and error distributions, which in some cases reversed the predicted coexistence outcomes. These results demonstrate how different analytical approaches can profoundly alter the interpretation of experimental results, underscoring the importance of carefully considering and thoroughly justifying each step taken in the analysis pathway. Our checklist serves as a resource for authors and reviewers alike, providing guidance to strengthen the empirical foundation of empirical coexistence analyses. As the field of empirical MCT shifts from a descriptive, trailblazing phase to a stage of consolidation, we emphasise the need for caution when building upon the findings of earlier studies. To ensure that progress made in the field of ecological coexistence is based on robust and reliable evidence, it is crucial to subject our predictions, conclusions and generalisability to a more rigorous assessment than is currently the trend.

Prenatal Predictors for Pulmonary Balloon Valvuloplasty in the Newborn.

Pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty (PBV) is the treatment of choice for subjects with isolated pulmonary valve stenosis (IPS). The purpose of this study was to define fetal echocardiographic features associated with an inpatient PBV prior to newborn hospital discharge and characterize resource utilization of IPS fetuses among participating centers. Six center, retrospective case series of singleton fetuses identified between 2010 and 2020 with IPS. Third-trimester echocardiogram data was compared with postnatal data, included pulmonary valve Doppler velocities, pulmonary valve insufficiency and ductus arteriosus flow direction. Comparison between subjects who underwent inpatient PBV during their newborn hospital admission versus those infants referred for outpatient PBV after initial hospital discharge. We analyzed data by logistic regression, student t test and Chi-Square testing with a p value of ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant. Forty-nine IPS fetuses were identified. Thirty-eight (78%) underwent inpatient PBV at 5 (range 1-58) days and 11 (22%) underwent outpatient PBV at 51.8 (11-174) days. Newborns requiring an inpatient PBV were more likely to have one or more characteristics on 3rd-trimester fetal echocardiogram: left to right or bidirectional ductus arteriosus flow (61% vs 0%), and/or a peak pulmonary valve velocity > 3.0m/s (odds ratio 16.9, 95% confidence interval 3.02-94.17) with a sensitivity of 90.4% and specificity of 97.7%. Ductus arteriosus flow direction and pulmonary valve peak velocity in the 3rd trimester can successfully predict the need for newborn inpatient PBV. We speculate these findings may be useful in choosing delivery site for the pregnancy complicated by fetal IPS.

Underexplored Dimensions of Uncertainty and Risk in Human Development Policy Call for a New Paradigm

The human development paradigm like many other development policy domains, old and new, is being challenged by a fundamentally new context that has been described by many as a VUCA world meaning Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, and Ambiguous. These factors are of course not independent of each other, but interactive, thus making for a very difficult environment in which public policy must be made. The Human Development Report (HDR) made a wise and topical choice therefore in selecting uncertain unsettled lives as the theme for the 2021–2022 report. This paper first identifies some of the strengths of the current human development policy analysis but then proceeds to outline multiple concrete, though novel, ways of addressing the challenges of uncertain times and unsettled lives. These include the need for unpackaging the concept of uncertainty, highlighting both differences and linkages between risk and uncertainty, and further implications for policymaking. In addition, we discuss new and promising ways of thinking about uncertainty in policy issues around human development including complexity theory and complex adaptive systems thinking as well as quantum-like frameworks. Finally, we discuss applied spirituality which, in our opinion, can be of great value in engaging with unsettled lives. Ours is an attempt to call for a future paradigm in policy thinking, and social and human sciences as a whole.

Pursuing Scholarship: Creating Effective Conference Submissions.

Medical educators are expected to disseminate peer-reviewed scholarly work for academic promotion and tenure. However, developing submissions for presentations at national meetings can be confusing and sometimes overwhelming. Awareness and use of some best practices can demystify the process and maximize opportunities for acceptance for a variety of potential submission categories. This article outlines logistical steps and best practices for each stage of the conference submission process that faculty should consider when preparing submissions. These include topic choice, team composition, consideration of different submission types, and strategies for effectively engaging participants.

간호대학생의 진로선택유형에 따른 문제해결능력과 임상수행능력 차이 분석

Objectives This study examined nursing students' Patterns of Career Choice and investigated the difference of problem solving ability and clinical performance ability according to the patterns.
 Methods The subjects of this study were 195 nursing students in third and fourth grades located in J province, and data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. To analyse the data, Cronbach's α, t-test, ANOVA, χ2-test, Scheffé test were used with an SPSS 20.0 program.
 Results The patterns of career choice of subjects showed ‘stable pattern'(34.9%), ‘conventional pattern'(30.3%), ‘unstable pattern'(25.1%) and ‘multiple trial pattern'(9.7%). Mean score of subjects was 3.31 problem solving abil-ity score and 3.57 clinical performance ability score. Problem solving ability and clinical performance ability showed a significant difference in patterns of career choice. Problem solving ability showed a significant difference in ap-plication motivation and satisfaction with nursing as a major. Clinical performance ability showed a significant dif-ference in gender and satisfaction with nursing as a major.
 Conclusions As a result of this study, those with stable career choices and high major satisfaction also showed better problem-solving and clinical skills. This highlights the importance of strengthening the high school-uni-versity link for early career exploration based on students' interests and providing tailored educational programs to enhance satisfaction with major among nursing students.

Correlates gender traits and mindset on the choice of physics subject at high school in Kenya

<span lang="EN-US">Higher education and training in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are important for the industrial growth and development of any nation. Physics subject provides the basics for training in many STEM areas. However, failure to pursue physics to the end of high school denies learners opportunities in STEM courses. This research employed a correlational design and survey method to examine the relationship of gender traits (GT) and mindset (MS) with learners’ intention to choose physics among 378 high school students randomly sampled. The study adopted the gender traits test and mindset questionnaires. The Chi-square test for the relationship of GT and MS with the intention to choose a physics subject yielded p>0.05. These results revealed that no student is deprived of an opportunity to pursue physics to higher levels on account of their GT or MS. Thus, attempts to increase the number of learners who can potentially pursue STEM courses by studying physics in high school should focus on other known factors other than GT and MS.</span>

교육과정 운영 실태 분석을 통한 학습자 중심의 고교학점제 정책 효과성 진단

Objectives This study aimed to diagnose the policy effects of the high school credit system by verifying whether ‘students’ choice of subjects' is practically guaranteed through research on the high school credit system and analysis of the curriculum organization and operation of research and leading schools.
 Methods To this end, the contents of the high school credit system operation cases of research and leading schools designated by the Ministry of Education, as well as reports, plans, and research data of the Ministry of Education and related research institutes were analyzed. Among them, the number of school-designated courses and elective courses by year were compared and analyzed, focusing on the curriculum completion unit organ-ization table of schools that have continuously operated high school credit system research and leading schools for more than 3 years.
 Results Through the research on the high school credit system and the analysis of the curriculum organization and operation of research and leading schools, it was confirmed that ‘students’ choice of subjects' in the organization of the high school curriculum has been expanded. This means that the school operates a variety of curricula.
 Conclusions Through this study, it was confirmed that the high school credit system has expanded students' choice of subjects, and through this, various educational courses are operated. Therefore, in order to establish a high school credit system that guarantees students' right to choose subjects, it is necessary to provide policy sup-port to enhance teachers' competencies for the operation of the high school credit system.

An Individual Prosthesis Control Method with Human Subjective Choices.

An intelligent lower-limb prosthesis can provide walking support and convenience for lower-limb amputees. Trajectory planning of prosthesis joints plays an important role in the intelligent prosthetic control system, which directly determines the performance and helps improve comfort when wearing the prosthesis. Due to the differences in physiology and walking habits, humans have their own walking mode that requires the prosthesis to consider the individual's demands when planning the prosthesis joint trajectories. The human is an integral part of the control loop, whose subjective feeling is important feedback information, as humans can evaluate many indicators that are difficult to quantify and model. In this study, trajectories were built using the phase variable method by normalizing the gait curve to a unified range. The deviations between the optimal trajectory and current were represented using Fourier series expansion. A gait dataset that contains multi-subject kinematics data is used in the experiments to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of this method. In the experiments, we optimized the subjects' gait trajectories from an average to an individual gait trajectory. By using the individual trajectory planning algorithm, the average gait trajectory can be effectively optimized into a personalized trajectory, which is beneficial for improving walking comfort and safety and bringing the prosthesis closer to intelligence.

Efficacy and safety results of FGFR1-3 inhibitor, tinengotinib, as monotherapy in patients with advanced, metastatic cholangiocarcinoma: Results from phase II clinical trial.

434 Background: Tinengotinib is a spectrum-selective multi-kinase inhibitor with unique binding properties to FGFR, potently inhibited FGFR2 fusion/rearrangement and acquired resistant mutations in pre-clinical models and in phase I trials that included cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients (pts). Here we present the efficacy and safety of tinengotinib in a phase II clinical trial. Methods: Eligible pts with advanced/metastatic CCA who had received ≥ 1 prior systemic chemotherapy therapy and ECOG PS 0 or 1 were treated with tinengotinib 10 mg QD. Four cohorts included: Cohort A1: FGFR2 fusion(s) with primary progression on previous FGFR inhibitor ( FGFRi), A2: FGFR2 fusion(s) with progression after prior response to FGFRi (acquired resistance); B: non-fusion FGFR alteration(s): C: FGFR wild-type ( FGFRwt). Primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1. CTCAE V5.0 was used for safety assessments. Results: As of 7Aug2023, 48 pts with CCA were enrolled, 13 in Cohort A1, 10 in A2, 12 in B, 13 in C. Median age 61.5 [range 25-81] years old, 41.7% male, 58.3% had ≥ 3 lines of prior therapy. ECOG PS 0 in 47.9% pts. Among 35 pts with FGFR alterations, 80.0% had ≥ 1 prior FGFRi therapy, and 97.1% had prior chemotherapy. Forty (40) pts were efficacy evaluable. In A1, 1 out of 11 pts (9.1%) achieved PR with tumor reduction of 31.8%. In A2, 3 out of 8 pts (37.5%) achieved PR with tumor reduction of 40.7%, 47.0% and 54.6%. In B, 3 out of 9 pts (33.3%) achieved PR with tumor reduction of 36.5%, 48.6%, and 60.6%. No PR was observed in C. Overall DCR was 94.7% (18/19) in FGFR2 fusion/rearrangement pts (A1+A2), 88.9% (8/9) in other FGFR alterations pts (B), and 75% (9/12) in FGFRwt pts (C). Median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 5.26 months (95%CI, 2.86-9.10) in A1+A2, 5.98 months (95%CI, 1.87-NA) in B and 3.84 months (95% CI, 1.84-4.80) in C. Among 48 treated pts, treatment-related AEs (TRAEs) occurred in 45 (93.8%) pts, 14 (29.2%) in G1-2, 29 (60.4%) in G3 and 2 (4.2%) in G4. The most common G3 TRAEs were hypertension in 12 (25%), palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome in 3 (6.3%), diarrhea in 3 (6.3%) and stomatitis in 3 (6.3%). One subject had G4 increased TSH and G4 increased lipase, and another subject had G4 posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. No G5 TRAE was observed. Conclusions: Tinengotinib has promising clinical benefit for FGFR2 fusion CCA after prior FGFRi and for non-fusion FGFR alterations. Tinengotinib-related toxicities were manageable. An ongoing randomized, controlled phase III study will evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety, and pharmacodynamic effect of Tinengotinib vs Physicians’ choice in subjects with FGFR2-altered refractory/relapsed CCA after prior chemotherapy and FGFRi therapy. Clinical trial information: NCT04919642 .

First-308: Phase III study of tinengotinib versus physician's choice in patients with FGFR-altered, chemotherapy- and FGFR inhibitor–refractory/relapsed cholangiocarcinoma.

TPS575 Background: Fibroblast growth factor (FGFR) alterations occur in 10-15% of adult patients with advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and 1-2% of adult patients with advanced extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The first generation FGFR inhibitors (FGFRi) pemigatinib and futibatinib, have been approved for the treatment of advanced CCA with FGFR2 fusions or rearrangements after systemic chemotherapy. However, disease progression occurs within 6-9 months. Secondary polyclonal mutations in the FGFR kinase domain represent a prominent acquired resistance mechanism. Tinengotinib, a novel multi-kinase inhibitor with high potency against a variety of FGFR2 kinase domain mutations, has shown promising clinical benefit in subjects with FGFR-altered metastatic CCA who were heavily pretreated with chemotherapy and FGFRi(s) in phase I/II clinical trials. (NCT03654547, NCT04742959, NCT04919642). Methods: FIRST-308 is a phase III, randomized, global multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral tinengotinib versus Physician’s Choice in subjects with FGFR-altered, chemotherapy- and FGFRi-refractory/relapsed CCA. Approximately 200 subjects will be enrolled in US, Europe, and Asia. Key eligibility criteria include age ≥ 18 years, ECOG performance status 0 or 1, documentation of FGFR2 fusion/rearrangement gene status, prior treatment with at least one line of chemotherapy and exactly one prior FDA-approved FGFRi for unresectable or metastatic disease. The study includes Part A and Part B. The Part A is to select a dose for Part B. Eligible subjects will be randomized in a 2:2:1 ratio to receive tinengotinib 8 mg QD, tinengotinib 10 mg QD or Physician's Choice (FOLFOX or FOLFIRI) in Part A or 2:1 in Part B to receive the recommended Part B dose or Physician's Choice. The stratification factors at randomization include geographic region, prior lines of chemotherapy (1 or ≥ 2) and Physician’s choice. Tinengotinib will be administered orally QD in 28-day cycles. Subjects will continue to receive study treatment until confirmed disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or termination of study by Sponsor, whichever occurs first. For Part A, the primary endpoint is safety/tolerability; secondary endpoints include objective response rate (ORR), duration of response (DOR) and PK analysis. For Part B, the primary endpoint is progression-free survival (PFS); secondary endpoints include overall survival (OS), ORR, DOR, safety, quality of life and population PK. Exploratory endpoints will assess the correlations between baseline FGFR2 alterations by cfDNA and efficacy, and exposure-response in terms of efficacy and safety. Study is open for enrollment. Clinical trial information: NCT05948475 .

The role of users in the organization of digital information: A Portuguese experience in an academic museum and archive setting

With the evolution of digital platforms, ordinary users have gained the opportunity to participate in the organization of digital knowledge. This has given rise to folksonomies or social indexing, and the duty of information services to integrate user participation in the organization of their digital collections, and thus incorporate folksonomies in their information organization practices. This article presents a case study of the involvement of users of an academic museum and archive in the indexing of a set of resources within a project on digital preservation. The main objective of this study was to analyse the labels or tags suggested by a group of six students from several scientific areas who participated in the experience, and explain the criteria they used to choose and assign the terms to represent the content of the documents. The responses were categorized based on content analysis. The labels assigned by the students were also compared with the indexing terms used by information professionals. Although the students were not familiar with the methods of information professionals, they gained enough sensitivity to understand the need for term validation and recognize that term selection is a subjective choice.