Zygophyllum species (Zygophyllaceae) are widely distributed in Uzbekistan and used in folk medicine as antiinfectious, antirheumatic and antidiabetic means. Continuing our research on the chemical constituents of this genus [1,2], we have studied the lipid composition of the aerial parts of Zygophyllum oxianum Boriss. The yields of the total lipids were: leaves –0.75%, stems –0.33% and fruits –0.49% from fresh weight of organ. Phospholipids (PL) are presented by 9 classes, from them phosphatidylcholine is dominating (leaves –55.8%, stems –56.4%, fruits –63.7% from sum of PL). The study of antimicrobial activity against several bacterial strains and fungi showed that the n-butanol extract from all aerial parts exhibits significant activity against Candida sp. but only weak antibacterial activity. In cytotoxicity assays against 5637 human urinary bladder cells the n-butanol extract showed only weak activity. Otherwise the chloroform-methanol (2:1) extract of steams and leaves has a remarkable cytotoxicity against 5637 cells with an IC50 value of 6.2µg/ml, but only weak antibacterial and antifungal activity. The chloroform-methanol extract (2:1) of the fruits was less toxic (IC50 value: 37.6µg/ml).