Chiral Optical Fibers Research Articles

Application of the G’/G Expansion Method for Solving New Form of Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation in Bi-Isotropic Fiber

Bi-isotropic media (chiral and non-reciprocal) present an outstanding challenge for the scientific community. Their characteristics have facilitated the emergence of new and remarkable applications. In this paper, we focus on the novel effect of chirality, characterized through a newly proposed formalism, to highlight the nonlinear effect induced by the magnetization vector under the influence of a strong electric field. This research work is concerned with a new formulation of constitutive relations. We delve into the analysis and discussion of the family of solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, describing the pulse propagation in nonlinear bi-isotropic media, with a novel approach to constitutive equations. We apply the extended -expansion method with varying dispersion and nonlinearity to define certain families of solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation in bi-isotropic (chiral and non-reciprocal) optical fibers. This clarification aids in understanding the propagation of light with two modes of propagation: a right circular polarized wave (RCP) and a left circular polarized wave (LCP), each having two different wave vectors in nonlinear bi-isotropic media. Various novel exact solutions of bi-isotropic optical solitons are reported in this study. Introduction: The investigation of exact solutions for nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) holds significant importance in understanding nonlinear physical phenomena. Nonlinear waves manifest across various scientific domains, notably in optical fibers and solid-state physics. In recent years, several potent methodologies have emerged for identifying solitons and periodic wave solutions of nonlinear PDEs. These include the -expansion method [1-6], the new mapping method [9-10], the method of generalized projective Riccati equations [11-16], and the expansion method [17]. Consequently, an original mathematical approach is proposed to evaluate nonlinear effects in bi-isotropic optical fibers, stemming from magnetization under the influence of a strong electric field [19-20]. The extended -expansion method emerges as a potent technique for deriving solution families of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation in bi-isotropic optical fibers. This method employs a perturbation expansion in powers of the dimensionless parameter and is applicable for both weak and strong nonlinearities. It accommodates varying dispersion and nonlinearity, rendering it suitable for modeling a wide array of optical fibers. Results and Conclusion: This investigate is concerned with a new formulation of constitutive relation linking to the magnetic effect, to understand rigorously the physical nature of biisotropic effects and to generalize the main macroscopic models. We inferred the nonlinear Schrodinger equation for a bi-isotropic medium term with a nonlinear term of magnetizing. In this article, the extended -expansion method is a powerful technique for determining a family of solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation in bi-isotropic optical fibers. This method is based on the use of a perturbation expansion in powers of the dimensionless parameter, and it is valid for both weak and strong nonlinearities. The method allows for the inclusion of varying dispersion and nonlinearity, making it well-suited for modeling a wide range of optical fibres. Overall, the extended -expansion method is a valuable tool for understanding the dynamics of nonlinear optical systems, and it is expected to have a wide range of applications in the field of nonlinear optics.

Functionalized Chiral Twisted Optical Fibers: A Review

With an increase in the volume of information exchange and perception, the demands for intelligent, miniaturized, and integrated optical devices for information acquisition are also increasing. As the core component of optical networks for transmitting information, further optimization of their structural characteristics to generate richer optical characteristics and apply them to information exchange and optical field control has become a key research hotspot. The introduction of chiral twist characteristics has led to new phenomena and applications in optical field transmission and the transformation of traditional optical fibers or microstructured optical fibers (MOF). Therefore, this review mainly begins with the principle of chiral optical fibers, introduces their preparation and latest application scenarios, and finally discusses their potential future development prospects.

Generation of Vortex Optical Beams Based on Chiral Fiber-Optic Periodic Structures.

In this paper, we consider the process of fiber vortex modes generation using chiral periodic structures that include both chiral optical fibers and chiral (vortex) fiber Bragg gratings (ChFBGs). A generalized theoretical model of the ChFBG is developed including an arbitrary function of apodization and chirping, which provides a way to calculate gratings that generate vortex modes with a given state for the required frequency band and reflection coefficient. In addition, a matrix method for describing the ChFBG is proposed, based on the mathematical apparatus of the coupled modes theory and scattering matrices. Simulation modeling of the fiber structures considered is carried out. Chiral optical fibers maintaining optical vortex propagation are also described. It is also proposed to use chiral fiber-optic periodic structures as sensors of physical fields (temperature, strain, etc.), which can be applied to address multi-sensor monitoring systems due to a unique address parameter—the orbital angular momentum of optical radiation.

Efficient full-vectorial modal analysis based on immersed interface method for dielectric chiral optical fibers.

This paper presents the application of an immersed interface method in efficient modal analysis of dielectric chiral optical fibers. Under the easily implemented finite-difference framework, the second- and fourth-order accuracy formulations are developed, which in principle are applicable for automatically computing various types of modes in dielectric chiral optical fibers with an arbitrary, electromagnetic parameters piecewise constant profile. To validate the developed formulations, numerical examples are given for the guided, leaky, and surface modes in dielectric chiral step-profile and Bragg fibers.

Integration of chiral cellulose nanocrystal films in silica optical fibers

Cellulose nanocrystals have attracted great attention as new ‘wonder’ materials for photonic applications owing to their unique property of spontaneous self-assembly to form chiral nematic films. Here, the incorporation of chiral cellulose nanocrystal films on a photonic waveguide is demonstrated for the first time—in the form of integrated silica optical fibers with a helicoid nanocrystal film on their input facet. In order to achieve repeatable cholesteric ordering across the fiber core modal area, a fabrication method was developed where several optical fiber facets form part of a larger flat surface, which acts as the substrate for the planar anchoring of the cellulose nanocrystals. The resultant optical fibers exhibit significant circular dichroism (almost 40%) in transmission and act as all-fiber spectral filters. The proposed fabrication technique provides a simple, low-cost method for developing chiral silica optical fibers that remain compatible with standard telecommunication fiber technology. It is envisioned that the incorporation of cellulose nanocrystals in other optical fiber types will enable the development of a new class of fiber devices.

Contrast of optical activity and rogue wave propagation in chiral materials

We report the contrast of optical activity and properties of nonparaxial optical rogue waves for the higher-order nonparaxial chiral nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation. The latter describes the propagation of ultrashort optical pulses in chiral optical fibers. Both first- and second-order rogue wave solutions are investigated analytically by the modified Darboux transformation (MDT) and numerically by one pseudo-spectral method. The interplay of chiral materials on rogue wave propagation is elucidated, and the results can be applied on optical communication and in others physical systems.

Influence of optical activity on rogue waves propagating in chiral optical fibers.

We derive the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation in chiral optical fiber with right- and left-hand nonlinear polarization. We use the similarity transformation to reduce the generalized chiral NLS equation to the higher-order integrable Hirota equation. We present the first- and second-order rational solutions of the chiral NLS equation with variable and constant coefficients, based on the modified Darboux transformation method. For some specific set of parameters, the features of chiral optical rogue waves are analyzed from analytical results, showing the influence of optical activity on waves. We also generate the exact solutions of the two-component coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations, which describe optical activity effects on the propagation of rogue waves, and their properties in linear and nonlinear coupling cases are investigated. The condition of modulation instability of the background reveals the existence of vector rogue waves and the number of stable and unstable branches. Controllability of chiral optical rogue waves is examined by numerical simulations and may bring potential applications in optical fibers and in many other physical systems.

On the power distributions in elliptical and circular helically designed chiral nihility core optical fibers

The structural designs of nonmagnetic chiral nihility-based optical fibers of elliptical and circular cross-sections, embedded with conducting sheath helix structure at the core–cladding interface, are investigated. Emphasis is given to the power confinement patterns while considering the hybrid EH01, EH11, and EH21 modes in the fiber and their comparative features. Variations in fiber dimensions are considered, and the corresponding effects on the power confinements under different orientations of sheath helix structure are reported. It has been found that the chiral nihility-based fiber structure results in the enhancement of the confined power, particularly in the case of an elliptic fiber. Apart from these, keeping in mind the possible lossy nature of chiral nihility mediums, the dispersive characteristic of material is also considered for both kinds of cross-sectional geometry, and the results are compared with situations when the mediums are lossless. The results essentially indicate less confinement of power in the case of lossy mediums.

Guided modes in squeezed chiral microstructured fibers

Dielectrically chiral micro-structured optical fibers with solid-core squeezed structure were investigated using plane-wave expansion method. The modal dispersion, birefringence and polarization of the fundamental modes were studied in detail. Numerical results show that between chirality and squeeze there exist a cooperative effect in birefringence and a competitive effect in polarization.

Guidance and leakage properties of chiral optical fibers

The field theory of guided waves in optical fibers with step-index profiles and in which both core and cladding are chiral isotropic media is developed. We show that both surface and semileaky modes can propagate in optically active fibers. To shed light on the guidance and leakage properties of chiral isotropic fibers we present a physical interpretation and several numerical results. The new leakage effect associated with semileaky modes is an important property that cannot be neglected in the analysis of chiral optical fibers but that, nevertheless, has been systematically disregarded in the literature.

Guided waves in chiral optical fibers

The effect of chirality on the modal dispersion characteristics of optical fibers is investigated. Using a step-index fiber as a numerical example, we show that adding chirality to the core changes the modal normalized propagation constants b, group delay, and waveguide dispersion drastically. Some potential applications are briefly discussed.