Chinese University Of Hong Kong Research Articles

Abstract 82: Differences Between Caucasians and Asians in Intracranial Arterial Stenosis Among TIA and Minor Stroke Patients: Comparisons of Two Contemporary Cohorts

Background: Despite numerous reports indicating ethnic difference in intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS) between Caucasians and Asians, there has been no direct comparison in disease burden and clinical correlates of ICAS in stroke patients in the two populations with the same criteria to define ICAS. Methods: Acute minor stroke or transient ischemic attack patients who received cerebral MR/CT angiography exam in two cohorts were analyzed: Oxford Vascular Study (OXVASC, 2011-2018) with predominantly Caucasians, and the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) stroke registry (2011-2015) with predominantly Chinese. ICAS was defined as ≥50% stenosis in any major intracranial artery in MR/CT angiography. Interobserver agreement between 2 investigators for presence of ICAS was assessed in 50 cases with Cohen’s kappa. We compared the burden and risk factors of ICAS in the two cohorts. Results: Overall, 1,287 patients from OXVASC (mean age 69 years) and 640 from the CUHK cohort (mean age 66 years) were analyzed. Interobserver agreement for presence of ICAS was good (kappa=0.82). Prevalence of ICAS was significantly higher in Chinese than in Caucasians: 43.6% in the CUHK cohort versus 20.0% in OXVASC (crude OR 3.10; age-adjusted OR 3.81, 95% CI 3.06-4.75; p<0.001). Mean ages of patients with ICAS in the two cohorts were 75 and 68 years, respectively. The difference between Caucasians and Chinese in ICAS prevalence was smaller in those aged ≥70 years (28.1% versus 51.9%) than those <70 years (9.8% versus 38.0%) (Figure). ICAS shared similar risk factors in the two cohorts, including older age, and history of hypertension and diabetes. Conclusions: Chinese are more susceptible to ICAS, with an earlier onset age than Caucasians, but the ICAS burden in Caucasians was higher than previously estimated, especially in older patients.

Stable Intrinsic Long Range Antiferromagnetic Coupling in Dilutely V Doped Chalcopyrite**Supported by Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) under Grant No. 4053084, University Grants Committee of Hong Kong under Grant No. 24300814, and Start-Up Funding of CUHK.

A stable and long-range antiferromagnetic (AFM) coupling without charge carrier mediators has been searched for a long time, but the existence of this kind of coupling is still lacking. Based on first principle calculations, we systematically study carrier free long-range AFM coupling in four transition metal chalcopyrite systems: ABTe2 (A = Cu or Ag, B = Ga or In) in the dilute doping case. The AFM coupling is mainly due to the p–d coupling and electron redistribution along the interacting chains. The relatively small energy difference between p and d orbitals, as well as between dopants and atoms in the middle of the chain can enhance the stability of long-range AFM configurations. A multi-band Hubbard model is proposed to provide fundamental understanding of long-range AFM coupling.

Postsecondary Education for Nurturing Deaf Professionals in Sign Linguistics in the Asia–Pacific Region

The past decades have witnessed a growing recognition of sign language in Deaf communities as a human right and its significance in enhancing the educational prospect and social well-being of Deaf people. Alongside this global awareness is a surging demand for expertise in sign language documentation, analysis, teaching, and interpretation. As sign languages have been under century-long suppressions due to the abounding misconceptions among both Deaf and hearing people, it is of paramount importance to nurture Deaf professionals in sign language linguistics and applied linguistics to ensure that the campaigns for sign language promotion are geared in directions that can truly benefit the Deaf communities. Nonetheless, Deaf people worldwide, particularly in developing countries, face the problem of low academic attainments which bar them from receiving tertiary education in sign language-related fields. One possible solution is to establish a bridging program at the postsecondary level to equip potentially Deaf individuals with foundational training in sign linguistics which allows them to further tertiary education and engage in local sign language promotional works. With this goal in mind, the Centre for Sign Linguistics and Deaf Studies (CSLDS) at the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) set up the Asia-Pacific Sign Linguistics Research and Training Program (the APSL Program) with funding from the Nippon Foundation in 2003. Since its inception, the APSL Program has gone through several phases of development. This article documents the objectives, educational philosophy and curriculum design of the APSL Program, and evaluates its outcomes from the perspective of the participants and their subsequent education and career development in their own countries. It is hoped that our experiences gained through the implementation of the Program and the challenges we faced in the process would offer insights for institutions or organizations which are considering setting up similar training programs for Deaf people in the future.

Real-time PM2·5 air pollution and social preferences: a large-scale behavioural game study using mobile apps in mainland China

BackgroundAir pollution undermines people's physical health. So why wouldn't people take actions to reduce air pollution? We argue that social preferences might play a part. Specifically, we examined the links between air pollution, interpersonal trust, and preferences to buy so-called sin stocks (companies that polluted the environment). Because previous research has shown that high pollution induces a belief in immorality as a social norm (akin to “broken-window” effect), we predicted that pollution is linked to lower trusting and trustworthy behaviours, and higher likelihood to buy sin stocks. Second, we examined the moderating role of participants' subjective socioeconomic status (SSES). Specifically, previous studies have shown that low SSES induces a feeling of deprivation and higher vulnerability. Therefore, we predicted an interaction between pollution and SSES, such that low SSES participants in highly polluted environment should display the lowest levels of trusting and trustworthy behaviours, and highest likelihood to buy sin stock. MethodsWe recruited 4177 participants residing in 31 provinces of mainland China during January, 2018. Participants were asked to play three incentivised behavioural games measuring their likelihood to buy sin stocks, trusting behaviour, and trustworthiness, respectively. We disseminated our survey via a mobile phone application, making it possible to pay the participants according to their performance on the games, and estimate the instantaneous, real-time air pollution (PM2·5) from dynamic monitoring station data based on each participant's GPS information. FindingsWe found a robust main effect of pollution and an interaction effect between SSES and real-time PM2·5 levels, as we had predicted. InterpretationOur findings counter the common wisdom that people are motivated to take actions to improve their own environment. Instead, a polluted environment could create a bad norm that undermines trust and environmental protection. FundingPartial funding came from a seed grant for the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)—Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) Research Collaboration on Social Psychology offered by the Research Committee of CUHK.

Cascaded Static and Dynamic Local Feature Extractions for Face Sketch to Photo Matching

The automatic identification of a corresponding photo from a face sketch can assist in criminal investigations. The face sketch is rendered based on the descriptions elicited by the eyewitness. This may cause the face sketch to have some degrees of shape exaggeration that make some parts of the face geometrically misaligned. In this paper, we attempt to address the effect of these influences by a cascaded static and dynamic local feature extraction method so that the constructed feature vectors are built based on the correct patches. In the proposed method, the feature vectors from the local static extraction on a sketch and photo are matched using the nearest neighbors. Then, some n most similar photos are shortlisted based on the nearest neighbors. These photos are eventually re-matched using feature vectors from the local dynamic extraction method. The feature vectors are matched using the L 1 -distance measure. The experimental results for The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) Face Sketch Database (CUFS) and CUHK Face Sketch FERET Database (CUFSF) datasets indicate that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.

Comparison of Opioid Utilization Patterns After Major Head and Neck Procedures Between Hong Kong and the United States

The current opioid abuse epidemic in the United States requires evaluation of prescribing practices within all medical specialties. This examination includes a review of postoperative pain management for patients undergoing major head and neck procedures. To report differences in postoperative pain regimens between an international and domestic head and neck surgical program. Pain management patterns after head and neck surgery in the programs at Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) and Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU) were compared with a focus on opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen or paracetamol, and anxiolytics. Cases from July 1, 2013, through August 31, 2017, were reviewed. Standing medication orders the day before surgery (PRE1), postoperative day 6 (POD6), and postoperative day 14 (POD14) were compared between institutions. Head and neck surgery. A total of 253 cases from CUHK and 567 cases from OHSU were analyzed (mean [SD] age, 59.4 [14.3] and 60.1 [16.4] years, respectively). Patients from OHSU had a significantly higher frequency of opioid orders on PRE1 (15.3% vs 1.6%; odds ratio [OR], 11.3; 95% CI, 4.09-31.10), POD6 (86.8% vs 0.4%; OR, 1653.12; 95% CI, 228.51-11 959.01), and POD14 (71.4% vs 0.8%; OR, 313.75; 95% CI, 77.12-1276.52). There were no significant differences in acetaminophen or paracetamol, NSAID, or anxiolytic orders between institutions. Institution was the most significant indicator for the presence of opioid orders on POD6 (OR, 4271.10; 95% CI, 380.04-47 999.70) and POD14 (OR, 330.35; 95% CI, 79.67-1369.82). In addition to treating institution, multivariate analysis showed that PRE1 opioid orders indicated a significant increase in likelihood of opioid orders on POD6 (OR, 4.77; 95% CI, 1.23-18.57) but not POD14. POD6 anxiolytic orders remained a significant indicator of opioid orders for POD6 (95% CI, 1.49-113.10) and POD14 (95% CI, 1.17-5.03), respectively. A significantly lower frequency of postoperative opioid orders was observed from CUHK compared with OHSU across similar major head and neck procedures. This contrast encourages a careful examination of (1) cultural and patient expectations of pain control, (2) the metrics by which control is assessed, (3) industry and economic drivers of opioid use, and (4) alternatives to opioid pain regimens. A thoughtful shift in postoperative pain protocols that deemphasizes opioid use may be an opportunity to counter the epidemic of opioid abuse in the United States.

2018 2nd International Conference on Advanced Technologies in Manufacturing and Materials Engineering (ATMME 2018)

PREFACE2018 2nd International Conference on Advanced Technologies in Manufacturing and Materials Engineering (ATMME 2018) is an annual conference which offers a place for participants to present and to discuss their innovative recent and ongoing research and theoretical work and/or their applications. The first ATMME was held in Bangkok, Thailand in 2017. This year is the second ATMME annual conference, which was held in Harbin, China, during May 4-6, 2018. ATMME 2018 is co-organized by Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) and Hong Kong Society of Mechanical Engineering (HKSME), technically sponsored by Swinburne University of Technology (SUT) and The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK). The conference provides a useful and wide platform for researchers and engineers to present their latest research findings and exchange their ideas in a broad range of Advanced Technologies in Manufacturing and Materials Engineering topics. The participants of the conference were from different regions of the world, with background of either academia or industry.There were 142 submissions including 125 papers and 17 abstracts. After rigorous peer review, 45 papers and 5 abstracts were accepted. Finally, 37 papers are collected in this ATMME 2018 conference proceeding. This proceeding covers a wide range of topics in Material Design of Computer Aided, Manufacturing Processes and Systems, New Materials and Advanced Materials, Surface Engineering/Coatings, Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials, Materials Forming, Micro / Nano Materials, Materials Machining, etc.

Reliability, Validity, and Sensitivity of a Novel Smartphone-Based Eccentric Hamstring Strength Test in Professional Football Players.

To evaluate the test-retest reliability, sensitivity, and concurrent validity of a smartphone-based method for assessing eccentric hamstring strength among male professional football players. A total of 25 healthy male professional football players performed the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) Nordic break-point test, hamstring fatigue protocol, and isokinetic hamstring strength test. The CUHK Nordic break-point test is based on a Nordic hamstring exercise. The Nordic break-point angle was defined as the maximum point where the participant could no longer support the weight of his body against gravity. The criterion for the sensitivity test was the presprinting and postsprinting difference of the Nordic break-point angle with a hamstring fatigue protocol. The hamstring fatigue protocol consists of 12 repetitions of the 30-m sprint with 30-s recoveries between sprints. Hamstring peak torque of the isokinetic hamstring strength test was used as the criterion for validity. A high test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = .94; 95% confidence interval, .82-.98) was found in the Nordic break-point angle measurements. The Nordic break-point angle significantly correlated with isokinetic hamstring peak torques at eccentric action of 30°/s (r = .88, r2 = .77, P < .001). The minimal detectable difference was 8.03°. The sensitivity of the measure was good enough that a significance difference (effect size = 0.70, P < .001) was found between presprinting and postsprinting values. The CUHK Nordic break-point test is a simple, portable, quick smartphone-based method to provide reliable and accurate eccentric hamstring strength measures among male professional football players.

Stepping Stone Mechanism: Carrier-Free Long-Range Magnetism Mediated by Magnetized Cation States in Quintuple Layer**Supported by Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) under Grant No 4053084, University Grants Committee of Hong Kong under Grant No 24300814, and the Start-up Funding of CUHK.

The long-range magnetism observed in group-V tellurides quintuple layers is the only working example of carrier-free dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS), whereas the physical mechanism is unclear, except the speculation on the band topology enhanced van Vleck paramagnetism. Based on DFT calculations, we find a stable long-range ferromagnetic order in a single quintuple layer of Cr-doped Bi2Te3 or Sb2Te3, with the dopant separation more than 9 Å. This configuration is the global energy minimum among all configurations. Different from the conventional super exchange theory, the magnetism is facilitated by the lone pair derived anti-bonding states near the cations. Such anti-bonding states work as stepping stones merged in the electron sea and conduct magnetism. Further, spin orbit coupling induced band inversion is found to be insignificant in the magnetism. Therefore, our findings directly dismiss the common misbelief that band topology is the only factor that enhances the magnetism. We further demonstrate that removal of the lone pair derived states destroys the long-range magnetism. This novel mechanism sheds light on the fundamental understanding of long-range magnetism and may lead to discoveries of new classes of DMS.

Establishment of ultrasensitive PCR assay targeting cell-freeEBVDNA for early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

In Vietnam, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the eighth most common cause of death from cancer. Cell-free Epstein Barr virus DNA (cf-EBV DNA) was reported to be present in almost all NPC patients. However, currently available assays in Vietnam can detect cf-EBV DNA in only 67.6% of NPC patients, thus leaving 32.4% of cancer cases undetected. Therefore, in this study, we aim to develop a highly sensitive quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay that measures the load of cf-EBV DNA for the purpose of early detection of NPC, and then evaluate the sensitivity and the specificity of the developed qPCR assay on the clinical samples. The major methods used in this study include primer/TaqMan probe design, cf-DNA extraction, optimization of qPCR assay and statistical analysis. Using an international standard panel from the Chinese University of HongKong, the linear range of developed qPCR assay is from 50-150,000 copies/ml (R2 = 0.99613) and the detection limit has been shown to be 25 copies/ml. The developed assay could detect cf-EBV DNA with a sensitivity of 96.9% (31/32 NPC patients) and cf-EBV DNA has not been detected in 103 out of 105 healthy controls, which corresponds to a specificity of 98%. Consequently, the performance of the optimal assay has achieved remarkably high sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, the detection limit of our optimal qPCR assay is 25 copies/ml of plasma, which is at least ten times better than other assays tested in recent studies in Vietnam. This developed qPCR assay will also form the basis for further studies in Vietnam and will open many new applications in management of NPC.

A rough set based reasoning approach for criminal identification

As a supplement to mugshot detection, a new approach is proposed to capture the eyewitness’s visual perception in the form of symbolic representation. It reveals physiological and facial characteristics of criminal which help in their identification. A rough set theory based technique is introduced to model those symbolic representations. This approach provides an intuitive insight to process criminal’s imprecise and imperfect knowledge. We used a benchmark mug-shot dataset consisting of 300 criminals faces from the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) to study the correctness of our proposed model. We took the help of 105 students of Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, who were treated as eyewitness to depict the visual perception about 300 criminal faces of CUHK. The experimental verification is composed of two modes which are analogous to viewed sketches and forensic sketches. Like viewed sketches we have generated test case-I, where perception is given while looking at the photo whereas test case-II is like the forensic sketches where the description is given by recalling the memory. We have achieved encouraging results on the viewed sketch database as well as forensic sketch database.

Adaptive representation-based face sketch-photo synthesis

Face sketch synthesis plays an important role in public security and digital entertainment. Most existing face sketch synthesis methods employ pixel intensities or other features to synthesize the whole image. Since different regions have their distinctive properties, they should be represented by different features. This paper presents a novel adaptive representation-based face sketch synthesis method that different regions are represented with different features. It combines multiple features generated from face images pass through several filters and deploys Markov networks to exploit the interacting relationships between neighboring image patches. The proposed model is optimized using an alternative optimization strategy. Experimental results on the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) face sketch database (CUFS) demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison to state-of-the-art methods.

Poster

Poster

More than just a green building

Purpose The slogan “Go Green” has been embraced by a range of organizations including businesses and universities in recent decades. Within higher education academic libraries, as a key service unit in their parent institution, have an important role to play in supporting this mission. The authors have seen many academic libraries strive to “Go green” by designing a green library, whether a new build or renovation. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This paper discusses how the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) Library formulates, develops and implements its green strategy and how the strategy has gradually reshaped its services. First, the authors consider how the concept of sustainability has affected services provided by academic libraries, and why green strategies are a practical and feasible approach. The authors then use CUHK Library as a case study, siting the development of its green strategies in the context of, the University’s approach to sustainability and the wider CUHK community, and ultimately the Library’s overall strategic plan. The third section describes how the library implements its green strategies in different areas, from the daily operation of library offices and services offered to users, to the planning of a library extension and broader sustainability initiatives. Issues of evaluation are discussed and the authors conclude the paper with future plans. Findings There are very few academic libraries in the USA that are Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design certified. Originality/value The authors argue that pursuing a green building may not be the strategic focus for many academic libraries. In taking a more holistic approach to sustainability through practical measures, academic libraries need to formulate and develop wider green strategies beyond a green building. “Go Green” impacts not only the attitudes towards the environment but also changes the way academic libraries serve their users and community.

Cities on the Edge of Chaos

Is the mass‐customised city no more than a smokescreen, a re‐evocation of Modernist positivism and its problem‐solving ideology? Colin Fournier, Emeritus Professor of Architecture and Urbanism at the Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London (UCL), and Visiting Professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), questions the premise of this issue and asks if the variation required for a city's survival ‘at the edge of chaos’ lies beyond mass customisation.

Multiple Representations-Based Face Sketch-Photo Synthesis.

Face sketch-photo synthesis plays an important role in law enforcement and digital entertainment. Most of the existing methods only use pixel intensities as the feature. Since face images can be described using features from multiple aspects, this paper presents a novel multiple representations-based face sketch-photo-synthesis method that adaptively combines multiple representations to represent an image patch. In particular, it combines multiple features from face images processed using multiple filters and deploys Markov networks to exploit the interacting relationships between the neighboring image patches. The proposed framework could be solved using an alternating optimization strategy and it normally converges in only five outer iterations in the experiments. Our experimental results on the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) face sketch database, celebrity photos, CUHK Face Sketch FERET Database, IIIT-D Viewed Sketch Database, and forensic sketches demonstrate the effectiveness of our method for face sketch-photo synthesis. In addition, cross-database and database-dependent style-synthesis evaluations demonstrate the generalizability of this novel method and suggest promising solutions for face identification in forensic science.

Association of functional genetic variants in PPARγ and PPARα encoding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors with ischemic stroke in a unique Chinese population

a Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079, PR China b Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Guangdong Province, Shenzhen Center for Disease Controls and Prevention, Shenzhen 518020, PR China c School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China d Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430015, PR China e School of Public Health, Chinese University of HongKong, HongKong, PR China

Introduction: geospatial health research and GIS

While epidemiologists, medical geographers and publichealth practitioners have known for long that humanhealth is not only about the individual body but shouldalso be understood at the population level within particulargeographic contexts, contemporary environmental andsocioeconomic concerns (particularly global environmen-tal change and globalization) have brought unprecedentedattention to the connection between human health andfactors at the landscape and even the global levels. As aresult, in the past two decades, studies of human healthfrom geographic perspectives and research on applyinggeospatial analyses to health problems have experiencedtremendous development (in this essay, we use geospatialhealth research as a general term to refer to this kind ofresearch) (e.g., Gatrell and Elliott 2009; Pearce and Witten2010; Cromley and McLafferty 2011;Kwan2013).Recent landmarks of this development include the positionpaper by Richardson et al. (2013)inScience, articulationof the uncertain geographic context problem (Kwan2012a, 2012b) and the ongoing Spatial UncertaintyProgram launched by the US National Institutes ofHealth (NIH) in 2011.This special issue is a collection of papers contributedby some attendees of a high-level international workshopentitled ‘Fostering International Geospatial HealthResearch Collaborations: Challenges and Opportunities.’The workshop was held at the Chinese University of HongKong (CUHK) during 16–18 June 2014. The organizersincluded the International Association of ChineseProfessionals in Geographic Information Sciences(CPGIS), the Association of American Geographers(AAG), the CUHK, the University of Hong Kong andthe Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HKPU).The overarching goal of the workshop is to provide areview/overview of recent developments in geospatialhealth research and its future directions, as well as to fosterinternational collaboration. During the period of 3 days,scholars from universities, research institutes, governmentalagencies and nongovernmental organizations in NorthAmerica, Europe and Asia gave about 20 invited presenta-tions and participated in an intensive open discussion meet-ing. The nine papers included in this special issue arerepresentative of some major discussions that took placein the workshops.From an application perspective, geospatial healthresearch can be generally classified into two broad areas:studies on disease and well-being of humans (includingphysical, mental, and behavioural aspects), which can begenerally referred to as spatial epidemiology; and studiesabout healthcare services (e.g., quality and access tohealthcare services). In spatial epidemiology, the focuscan be on environmental health (where the environmentcan be physical and socioeconomic) and infectious dis-eases. However, the boundaries between these divisionsare not clear-cut. Underlying these applications, there arealso infrastructure issues and some are fairly unique to thisarea (e.g., data policy problem). The nine papers includedin this special issue cover all these aspects.The first three articles concern foundational challengesin geospatial health research. Michael Goodchild discussesthe dichotomy of space and place and the importance ofthe latter in understanding human perceptions and beha-viours in the context of health research. He argues thatwhile GIS has been useful in health studies (e.g., inanalysing patterns of disease, in tracking human exposuresto the environment and in assessing spatial variations inhealth services and outcomes), its emphasis on spacemakes it difficult to understand human behaviours andperceptions. The paper emphasizes the need for a betterunderstanding of place and the need for a technology thatcan represent, acquire, store and share the rich informationabout place that humans possess.Accurate and precise location information is essentialto geospatial analysis. But making personal health dataavailable to researchers is a sensitive and challengingissue. It is often a significant bottleneck in geospatialhealth research, especially with regard to the replicabilityof research results and collaboration among researchers.

A Fusion of Small and Big Times : Chinese Shakespeares in the Universities Shakespeare Festival

Running in its tenth year in 2014, the Chinese Universities Shakespeare Festival (CUSF), organized by the Department of English at the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), has significantly connected university teams in Greater China (including Hong Kong, Macau, mainland China and Taiwan) in the performance of Shakespearean plays. First established in 2004 with the objective of “making Shakespeare’s great mastery of dramatic form and the English language better known in China”, the Festival is paradoxically positioned in postcolonial Hong Kong where only 20 out of 400 secondary schools offer English literature as an examination subject in the Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education, and where the study of the practical functions of English has dominated the English curriculum at local universities. In my paper, not only will I explore the significance of the Festival in the dissection of Western modernity, I will also examine various intercultural adaptations of the winning teams, namely with political, aesthetic and cultural focuses. I shall especially highlight the example of National Taiwan University’s transformation of Macbeth (2011) in ridiculing the corruption existent in contemporary Taiwanese politics. By analyzing the videotaped performances and comparing the judges’ comments on the performance finals, I shall argue in my paper that the boundary between “small-time performances” and “big-time productions” is far from static. Furthermore, far from being labelled as a colonial festival, the CUSF is a feast of Chineseness, and even a fusion of Chinese and Western aesthetics by its bold incorporation of Chinese performance styles and Shakespearean lines.

Reflections on Designing for Learning

This paper is a narrative of key lessons learnt over a decade by the Director of Centre for Learning Enhancement And Research (CLEAR) at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK). The paper is structured around ten published papers – one from each year for 2002 to 2011. The first section outlines the nature of CUHK and its policy for teaching and learning, and the structure of CLEAR. This section provides the landscape in which the research studies were situated. The ten key ideas are then stated, linked to the ten papers. The growth of evidence is a cumulative process and other institutions are encouraged to chart their own journey and develop their own narratives.