Here, textile-based 3D printing technology is combined with traditional Chinese patterns to create new effects. Traditional Chinese patterns are the main carrier of cultural heritage and have been widely applied as creative design elements to develop unique fashion and textile products. Two geometric patterns inspired by traditional Chinese patterns are developed through the direct deposition of polylactic acid onto polyester fabric. Then the physical and mechanical performances of the printed patterns are examined under a microscope, along with tensile, tear, and joint motion tests. After that, two garment prototypes are created to explore the design aesthetics of the 3D printed geometric patterns. This research work reports on a comprehensive and practical design process for the creation of 3D printed fashion textiles. The work is expected to provide insights for designers and researchers when reviving traditional elements through modern technology. More applications can be explored based on the results reported in this paper.