Chinese National Research Articles

Research on Application of Ensemble Training in Teaching of National Instrumental Music

National instrumental music is the embodiment of national culture in the form of music. As early as the pre-Qin period, various kinds of Musical Instruments appeared, and its long history carries the cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. In order to make ethnic instrumental music better inherit, it needs the support of professional teaching. Ethnic instrumental music should be included in the professional teaching field, and modern teaching reform should be given to build a teaching mode with the characteristics of society, nationality and professionalism, so as to stimulate students' learning interest and improve their learning effect. In the past teaching mode, the mode of specialized music and specialized teaching was mostly adopted, the teaching process was single and boring, and the students' learning motivation was not high. The charm of national instrumental music is reflected in the integration of percussion, string pulling, plucking and blowing pipe, so relevant scholars put forward that students' learning interest can be improved through ensemble training. In order to explore whether this view is feasible, this study takes pipa teaching as an example, summarizes the problems in pipa teaching, and discusses the applicability of ensemble training in this teaching mode.

Research on the Path of Integrating Chinese Traditional Culture into College English Education and Teaching

In today’s increasingly globalized world, college English education is no longer just about teaching language skills. It also carries the important mission of cultural dissemination and exchange. As the spiritual treasure of the Chinese nation, traditional Chinese culture has increasingly demonstrated its unique charm and value on the global stage. Integrating traditional Chinese culture into college English education not only helps enhance students’ cultural identity and pride but also improves their cross-cultural communication skills, laying a solid foundation for cultivating high-quality talents with an international perspective. Based on this, the author analyzes and summarizes the significance and strategies of college English education based on traditional Chinese culture, aiming to further promote the inheritance and development of excellent traditional Chinese culture.

The Realistic Dilemma and Path Choice of Deepening National Unity and Progress Education in Universities

Strengthening the education of national unity and progress is an important measure for colleges and universities to forge the consciousness of the Chinese national community, which is of great significance for improving the comprehensive quality of college students, implementing the fundamental task of moral education and cultivating people in colleges and universities, and promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. At present, China’s universities carry out ethnic unity and progressive education work. There are issues with limited content and forms, an imperfect system mechanism, and insufficient professional quality among teachers. In this regard, colleges and universities can strengthen the top-level design, improve the educational effect by deepening the educational reform, and create a campus atmosphere of national unity and progress in colleges and universities to promote the development of national unity and progress in education.

Cognitive-motor dual-task training on gait and balance in stroke patients: meta-analytic report and trial sequential analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Cognitive-motor dual-tasking training (CMDT) might improve limb function and motor performance in stroke patients. However, is there enough evidence to prove that it is more effective compared with conventional physical single-task training? This meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of CMDT on balance and gait for treating hemiplegic stroke patients. The databases were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid Database and TheCochrane Library, SinoMed database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang database, and VIP database up to December 8, 2023. The Cochrane-recommended risk of bias (RoB) 2.0 tool was employed to assess riskofbiasintrials. The statistical analysis was employed using R version 4.3.2. In addition, subgroup analyses and meta-regression were performed to explore the possible sources of heterogeneity. The evidence for each outcome was evaluated according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group criteria. The Copenhagen Trial Unit'sTrial Sequential Analysis (version 0.9.5.10 Beta) was used for sequential analysis. Seventeen randomized clinical trials (RCTs) (n = 751 patients) were included. The results demonstrated that cognitive-motor dual-task training (CMDT) might be beneficial on stroke patients on Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (MD = 4.26, 95% CI 1.82, 6.69, p < 0.0001) (low-quality evidence). However, CMDT might not affect Time Up and Go test (TUG) (MD = -1.28, 95% CI -3.63, 1.06, p = 0.284); and single-task walking speed (MD = 1.35, 95% CI -1.56, 4.27, p = 0.413) in stroke patients (low-quality evidence). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) results indicated that all findings were very low to low certainty. Trial Sequential Analyses demonstrated larger sample sizes are required for confirmingour findings. Cognitive-motor dual-task training (CMDT) compared with conventional physical single-task training might be an effective intervention for improving static balance function in stroke patients (low-quality evidence), which should be interpreted cautiously due to heterogeneity and potential biases. Nevertheless, further research is required to support the abovementioned findings. Trial Registration This protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023490530).

Efficacy of susceptibility-guided quadruple therapy with antibiotic resistance using the string test coupled with quantitative PCR for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a protocol of a multicentre, open, randomised clinical trial

IntroductionHelicobacter pylori is a major health problem, with the high prevalence of H. pylori and the increasing antibiotic resistance rate in China. Antibiotic resistance is the main reason for the...

Thoracic perfusion of antiangiogenic agents combined with chemotherapy for treating malignant pleural effusion in non-small cell lung cancer: a network meta-analysis

ObjectivesDifferent intrathoracic perfusion therapeutic regimens are available for non-small cell lung cancer with malignant pleural effusion (MPE). Antiangiogenic agents are often used to control MPE, and the results are satisfactory....

Establishment of a risk prediction model for peripherally inserted central catheter-related bloodstream infections based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of 20 cohorts.

Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are commonly used for extended intravenous therapy but are associated with a significant risk of bloodstream infections (BSIs), which increase morbidity and healthcare costs. The aim of this study was to identify patients at high risk of developing PICC-related bloodstream infections (PICC-RBSIs) to establish new and more specific targets for precise prevention and intervention. A search was conducted from the earliest available record to May 2024 among the following databases: Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science, Scopus, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Hand searching for gray literature and reference lists of included papers was also performed. We assessed the quality of the studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) checklist. Two reviewers screened all the retrieved articles, extracted the data, and critically appraised the studies. Data analysis was performed using RevMan statistical software. A total of 20 cohort studies involving 51,907 individuals were included in the analysis. The statistically significant risk factors identified were hospital length of stay, line type (tunneled), history of PICC placement, multiple lumens, previous infections, chemotherapy, total parenteral nutrition, hematological cancers, delays in catheter care, local signs of infection (e.g., localized rashes), previous BSIs, and diabetes mellitus. Due to high heterogeneity among studies regarding previous BSIs, this factor was excluded from the final predictive model, while all other risk factors were included. The present meta-analysis identified risk factors for PICC-RBSIs and developed a predictive model based on these findings, incorporating 10 risk factors that integrate both patient-specific and procedural factors. Integrating the risk prediction model for PICC-RBSI into clinical guidelines and training is essential. Healthcare providers should be trained to use this model to identify high-risk patients and implement preventive measures proactively. This integration could enhance personalized care, reduce infection incidence, and improve patient outcomes. Future research should update the model with new risk factors and validate its effectiveness in diverse clinical settings.

Efficiency of phosphorus fertilizers: research results in long-term field experiments in Russia, Great Britain and China

The results of research in long-term field experiments on the effectiveness of phosphorus fertilizers are presented. All experiments were based on the classical scheme and included, in addition to the control variant (without fertilizers), a nitrogen-potassium background, on which the effectiveness of phosphorus fertilizers was studied. At the same time, regional specifics were taken into account in each experiment: liming at the Experimental Station of the All-Russian Research Institute of Agrochemistry (Russia), the effectiveness of phosphorus fertilizers at increasing doses of nitrogen N100–300 at the Rothamsted Experimental Station (Great Britain), a combination of phosphorus fertilizers with manure at the Chinese National Soil Fertility Monitoring Base. In long-term experiments, the dynamics of changes in the content of mobile phosphorus, as well as individual fractions, taking into account the emerging balance of P2O5, are presented. It is shown that the redistribution of phosphorus between different soil fractions is reversible, and the direction of the processes depends on the emerging balance of P2O5. Phosphorus accumulated in more firmly held forms can subsequently be released and absorbed by cultivated crops. In all field experiments an increase in the yield gap between NK and NK + P variants was observed over time. On the one hand, this is due to a significant decrease in the phosphorus content in the background NK variant (in acidic soils – also an increase in Al mobility), in which phosphorus removal significantly exceeds control (without fertilizers), on the other – a significant increase in the content of P2O5 in the soil with a positive balance. In a long-term experiment at the Experimental Station of the Institute of Agrochemistry, the difference coefficient of phosphorus utilization from fertilizers was 25–27, at the Rothamsted station – 25–41, at the Chinese National Soil Fertility Monitoring Base – 45%. Attention is drawn to the high payback of phosphorus fertilizers in experiments at the Rothamsted experimental station (Great Britain) – 22–39 kg of grain/kg of P2O5 (when cultivating winter wheat in crop rotation). The main method of increasing payback in this case was the use of high doses of nitrogen – up to 200 kg N/ha. Studies have shown that liming acidic soils to a slightly acidic reaction, the use of zinc micronutrients, as well as phosphate-mobilizing microorganisms, are essential methods to increase the effectiveness of phosphorus fertilizers.

Association Between Long Term Exposure to PM2.5 and Its Components on Severe Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents: A National Study in China.

The aim of this study was to explore the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and its components and severe obesity in children and adolescents. Data for children and adolescents aged 9-18 in this cross-sectional study were obtained from the 2019 Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health (CNSSCH). Data for PM2.5 and its components were obtained from the Tracking Air Pollution in China (TAP) dataset and matched with information on these children. Logistic regression models were used to assess the risk of severe obesity associated with long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its components. A total of 160,205 children were included in the analysis. Long-term exposure to PM2.5 may increase the odds of severe childhood obesity, with this effect being more pronounced in girls. Among boys, the component with the most significant impact on severe obesity was organic matter (OM). The impact of PM2.5 and its components on severe obesity was greater in children from low economic and low parental education level households. Children with unhealthy lifestyle habits have higher odds of severe obesity due to long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its components. The findings of this research support the development of strategies aimed at addressing severe obesity in children, suggesting that adopting healthy lifestyle practices could mitigate the odds of severe obesity due to PM2.5 and its components. There is a need for an increased focus on children in economically underdeveloped areas and those with unhealthy lifestyle habits, particularly those in rural areas and those who do not engage in adequate physical activity or get enough sleep.

A Study on the Consciousness of Chinese National Community among "9+3" Yi Students in Higher Vocational College—Taking the Creation of Curriculum for the Educational Environment of Kindergartens in Sichuan Preschool College as an Example

A Study on the Consciousness of Chinese National Community among "9+3" Yi Students in Higher Vocational College—Taking the Creation of Curriculum for the Educational Environment of Kindergartens in Sichuan Preschool College as an Example

Surveillance for Adverse Events Following Immunization with Domestic Sabin-Strain Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine - China, 2015-2022.

Domestic Sabin-strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine (sIPV) was approved for use in China in 2015 and introduced into the national immunization schedule in a sequential schedule with oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in May 2016. However, a comprehensive analysis describing the characteristics, occurrences, and incidences of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with sIPV in China is lacking. Data on sIPV doses administered and AEFI reported from 2015 to 2022 were obtained from the Chinese National Immunization Information System (CNIIS). Descriptive epidemiological methods and statistics were used to analyze and describe the characteristics, occurrences, and incidences of AEFI following sIPV in China from 2015 to 2022. From 2015 to 2022, over 110,000,000 sIPV doses were administered, and 46,748 sIPV AEFIs were reported, resulting in an AEFI reporting rate of 42.44/100,000. Most AEFIs (46,333, 99.11%) were non-serious. Causality assessment determined 46,061 (98.53%) AEFIs were vaccine product-related reactions, including 44,001 (94.12%) common and 2,060 (4.41%) rare vaccine reactions. Among common vaccine reactions, reporting rates for fever >38.5 °C, local redness and swelling ≥2.6 cm, and local induration ≥2.6 cm were 12.02/100,000, 5.13/100,000, and 1.67/100,000, respectively. Among rare vaccine reactions, reporting rates for anaphylactic rash, thrombocytopenic purpura, and febrile convulsion were 1.56/100,000, 0.09/100,000, and 0.03/100,000, respectively. Most reported sIPV AEFIs were non-serious, and the reporting rate of rare vaccine reactions has been very low since sIPV was approved for use in China. As sIPV remains in use in China, surveillance of AEFIs associated with this vaccine needs to be maintained.

The Integration of Traditional Opera and Folk Songs in Chinese National Opera —A Case Study of The White-Haired Girl

The Integration of Traditional Opera and Folk Songs in Chinese National Opera —A Case Study of The White-Haired Girl

Epidemic characteristics of HIV-infected people among Chinese and Burmese in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, 2000-2023

Objective: To analyze the epidemic characteristics and trends of newly reported HIV-infected people among Chinese and Burmese in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture (Dehong Prefecture) of Yunnan Province, China, from 2000 to 2023, and provide evidence for formµlating AIDS prevention and control measures for the Burmese living in Dehong. Methods: The data were obtained from the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System. The distribution of HIV-infected people with different population characteristics was analyzed, and the Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the temporal trend of crude detection rate in different genders, ethnicities, and ages. Results: From 2000 to 2023, 24 989 newly HIV infections were reported in Dehong Prefecture, of which 14 594 (58.4%) were Chinese and 10 395 (41.6%) were Burmese. Compared with Chinese, Burmese women (32.9%, 3 416/10 395), those aged 20-29 (40.9%, 4 248/10 395), and Jingpo people (26.7%, 2 773/10 395) accounted for a higher proportion. The new diagnosis rate of Chinese nationals increased from 1.0/10 000 in 2000 to 15.4/10 000 in 2004, and then showed a downward trend, falling to 1.2/10 000 in 2023. Among them, compared with other age groups, Dai and other ethnic groups and women, the new diagnosis rate among 20-49 age group, Jingpo and men were relatively higher, at 1.7/10 000, 2.3/10 000 and 1.3/10 000 respectively. Regarding the method of detection, the Chinese HIV-infected people were mainly detected by key population testing (35.7%), while the Burmese HIV-infected people by key population testing (28.9%) and physical examination for entry-exit personnel (25.3%). The transmission routes of both nationalities were mainly heterosexual transmission, but compared with Chinese HIV-infected persons, the proportion of Burmese infected persons through non-marital non-commercial transmission was relatively higher (66.4% vs. 60.6%). The proportion of Chinese nationals with a first CD4+T lymphocyte (CD4) counts of <200 cells/µl (28.9%) was higher than that of Burmese nationals (19.8%). Conclusions: The rising trend of HIV infection among Chinese and Burmese people in Dehong Prefecture from 2000 to 2023 slowed down. The new diagnosis rate was higher in the 20-49 age group, Jingpo and men. Compared with Burmese HIV-infected people, the proportion of Chinese HIV-infected people with first CD4 counts <200 cells/µl was relatively higher. Comprehensive interventions should be further carried out for Myanmar nationals, and efforts should be made to expand testing for Chinese nationals.

Characteristics of "Cyber Nationalism" in China: A Case Study of Comments on Nongfu Spring on Weibo

This study examines the influence of consumer nationalism on corporate reputation as well as consumer behaviour in China, with a particular focus on Nongfu Spring and its CEO Zhong Shanshan. Through sentiment and textual analyses of social media discourse, this study examines how nationalistic sentiments and perceptions of patriotism influence public opinion, especially when corporate behaviour or affiliations appear to conflict with national interests. The study finds that what Chinese nationalists perceive as unpatriotic behaviour or affiliation with foreign elements may cause significant backlash. This is illustrated by the negative reaction to Nongfu Spring’s suspected Japanese cultural elements in the brand and the CEO’s son’s US citizenship. The findings highlight the complexity of consumer nationalism in China, where economic behaviour is heavily politicised and closely linked to notions of national loyalty. In a market environment where nationalism is prevalent, this study contributes to an understanding of the intricate relationship within nationalism, corporate reputation, and consumer behaviour.

Secular Trends in the Median Age at Menarche and Spermarche Among Chinese Children From 2000 to 2019 and Analysis of Physical Examination Indicators Factor.

This research aimed to understand the long-term trends in the age of menarche among girls and spermarche among boys, and to analyze the factors that may influence the onset of menarche and first spermarche. The study was based on data from 49 566 students in Henan Province collected from the Chinese National Surveys on Students' Constitution and Health (CNSSCH) conducted between 2000 and 2019. Median age at menarche and spermarche was estimated by probit analysis. t-Tests were used to analyze the influence of menarche and first spermarche on physical examination indexes of adolescent children, and the chi-squared test was used to compare whether the differences in physical activity were statistically significant. The age at menarche has decreased from 12.33 years in 2000 to 12.00 years in 2019, and the age at first spermarche has decreased from 14.01 years in 2000 to 13.99 years in 2019. The age at first spermarche in urban boys (13.61 years in 2000; 12.94 years in 2014) was consistently younger than that in rural boys (14.43 years in 2000; aged 13.08 in 2014), except in 2019. The age of menarche in urban girls (12.23 years in 2000; 11.89 years in 2019) was always earlier than that in rural girls (12.44 years in 2000; 12.05 years in 2019). The age at menarche and spermarche for children in Henan Province generally showed a decreasing trend from 2000 to 2019. The status of BMI is significantly associated with the early onset of puberty in children.

Outcomes of Intraoperative Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction After Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Single-Arm, Phase 1 Trial Fromthe Chinese National Cancer Center.

The role of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) for adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) remains uncertain. Therefore, a prospective phase 1 trial was conducted to assess the safety and feasibility of IORT for locally advanced AEG. The study enrolled patients with AEG at stages II-IVA from January 2019 to September 2019. Eligible patients received esophagectomy and a single fraction of electron beam radiotherapy. The primary endpoint of the study was a safety profile for IORT. Additionally, survival outcomes and the locoregional recurrence rate (LRR) were compared between the non-IORT and IORT cohorts using propensity score-matching. For 15 (93.8 %) of the 16 patients in the study, R0 resection was successfully achieved, with only one patient undergoing R1 resection. A total postoperative complication morbidity rate of 43.8 % (7/16) was observed, with major complications (Clavien-Dindo classification ≥3) in 12.5 % of the cases (2/16). Total treatment-related adverse events were reported for seven patients (43.8 %, 7/16). After matching, a lower LRR was observed in the IORT group than in the non-IORT group (0 % [0/12] vs 33.3 % [4/12]; p = 0.028). However, the two groups did not differ significantly in 3-year progression-free survival (PFS: IORT [50.9 %] vs non-IORT [53.4 %]; p = 0.93) or 3-year overall survival (OS: IORT [58.3 %] vs IORT [72.9 %]; p = 0.23). The current study demonstrated favorable feasibility and safety of IORT for locally advanced AEG. Although IORT is beneficial for improving local control, it may not prolong PFS or OS for patients with locally advanced AEG. A phase 2 trial is warranted for further validation of these outcomes.

A Study on the Application of “Four-Life Maxim and Ten-tion” in Eco-Translatology in the Publicity Translation of Jingchu Culture

Jingchu culture, as a cultural treasure of the Chinese nation, plays an important role in promoting international cultural exchange and understanding through its external translation. This article focuses on the theory of “Four-Life Maxim and Ten-tion” in Eco-translatology, and explores in depth its application strategies in the external translation of Jingchu culture. The study points out that the "Four-Life Maxim and Ten-tion" theory provides a new perspective and method for the external translation of Jingchu culture by emphasizing life orientation, life acquisition, life conversion and life incarnation. In addition, the specific application of the "Ten-tion " translation method provides diverse translation paths for the external propaganda translation of Jingchu culture, including localization, popularization, innovation, etc., to achieve the optimal translation effect.

The Role of Emotional Response to Music, Media Influence, and Nationalistic Themes on Chinese National Identity

The Role of Emotional Response to Music, Media Influence, and Nationalistic Themes on Chinese National Identity

Confirmatory Trials for Drugs Granted Conditional Approval by the Chinese National Medical Products Administration

Confirmatory Trials for Drugs Granted Conditional Approval by the Chinese National Medical Products Administration

Research on the Integration and Development of Strengthening the Consciousness of the Chinese Nation Community and Ideological and Political Education in Engineering Major Courses

This paper explores the integration of strengthening the consciousness of the Chinese nation community with ideological and political education in engineering major courses, an important issue in higher education reform. Strengthening the consciousness of the Chinese nation community emphasizes the unity and common progress of all ethnic groups, aiming to enhance national cohesion and harmonious social development. Ideological and political education in engineering courses incorporates core socialist values and scientific methods into professional knowledge to cultivate students' sense of social responsibility and innovation spirit. This paper proposes specific integration strategies in terms of curriculum design, practical teaching, and the combination of craftsmanship and scientific spirit. It also suggests innovative teaching methods through interactive teaching, interdisciplinary integration, and multimedia tools. Furthermore, the establishment of a scientific evaluation and feedback mechanism is recommended to ensure teaching effectiveness and to nurture innovative engineering talents with a strong sense of social responsibility and patriotism.