Children's Expressive Language Research Articles

Pengembangan Bahasa Ekspresif Anak Melalui Metode Bercerita Gambar Seri di Taman Kanak-Kanak Santa Theresia 1 Pangkalpinang

This classroom action research aims to develop children's expressive language skills through the serial picture storytelling method at St. Theresia I Pangkalpinang Kindergarten. The method used in this research is classroom action research which is carried out as an effort to overcome problems that arise in the classroom. This method is carried out with three stages, namely planning, implementation, and reflection. The subject of the research was the students of St. Theresia 1 Pangkalpinang Bangka Belitung Kindergarten, totaling 13 children. The object of this research is expressive language skills. The data collection method used was observation. Technical data analysis is done descriptively qualitative. This research was conducted in two cycles. The results showed that from the aspect of assessing children's ability to repeat simple sentences at the beginning of the cycle there were 54% (7 people) who were considered less or not able, but at the end of the cycle after being treated using the serial picture storytelling method, only 8% (1 person) was found who had not been able to repeat simple sentences properly. For the aspect of assessing children's ability to express opinions to others at the beginning of the cycle there were 77% (10 people) who were considered less or not able, but at the end of the cycle only 23% (3 people) of 13 children were found who were not able to express opinions to others. For the aspect of assessing children's ability to retell stories that have been told by the teacher, at the beginning of the cycle there were 69% (9 people) who were considered less or not able, but at the end of the cycle only 15% (2 people) of 13 children who have not been able to retell stories that have been told by the teacher properly. Keywords: expressive language skills, storytelling method, picture series

How Good is Your Memory Game Relates to Children's Expressive Language Development

How Good is Your Memory Game Relates to Children's Expressive Language Development

Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bahasa Ekspresif melalui Media Buku Pop-Up pada Anak Usia 3-4 Tahun

Based on observations of language development in early childhood which is less than optimal in expressive language abilities. This research aims to investigate and determine the influence of pop up book media to improve expressive language skills in children aged 3-4 years at KB Mawar VII Karawang. The development of expressive language includes being able to convey what children feel, telling stories about simple experiences with simple sentences and answering questions. In this writing, the author uses the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method by carrying out two cycles with a target result of 71%. This research is shown on children's expressive language abilities. In the pre-action, children's expressive language abilities obtained an average percentage score of 28.5%. Furthermore, when the first cycle of action was carried out, the child's expressive language abilities increased to reach a percentage value of 46.6%. It is known that there has been an increase in cycle I but has not yet reached the target. Therefore, the researchers carried out cycle II actions and in this action the children's expressive language abilities increased with a percentage value of 85.5%. This states that this research is said to be successful because it can achieve the expected targets.

"Oh no! What happened?" an investigation of parent-child conversations about self-conscious emotions.

Parents play an important role in socializing children's emotion understanding. Previous research shows that parents emphasize different aspects of emotion contexts depending on the discrete emotion. However, there is limited research on how parents and children discuss self-conscious emotions, such as embarrassment, guilt, and shame, and what socialization practices parents employ to elicit children's talk about these emotions. In this study, children (N = 166, 78 females, 88 males) ages 2-3 years (M = 2.46, SD = 0.26) and their parents (65.5% White, 10.2% Black, 17.5% Hispanic, 2.4% Asian American, and 5.4% other) from a large city in the Western United States discussed a wordless storybook depicting different female and male characters experiencing self-conscious emotions (embarrassment, guilt, shame, awe, and pride). Parents' and children's emotion talk and parents' questions were coded from their conversations about each emotion scenario and subsequently analyzed by discrete emotion, child gender, and the depicted character's gender. Parents and children differentially focused on different aspects of each self-conscious emotion as a function of discrete emotion and picture gender, and elements of children's talk about self-conscious emotions were related to children's expressive language and age. Additionally, parents' emotion talk and questions about emotions were directly related to children's emotion talk, even after controlling for children's age, expressive language, and parental education. Taken together, these findings suggest that parent-child emotion conversations may be one context that facilitates the development of children's understanding of self-conscious emotions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Maternal beliefs about infant-directed speech misalign with interactions with their infants

IntroductionInfant-directed speech (IDS) refers to how people in many societies talk with young children. Compared to speech directed to an adult (ADS), IDS includes a slower rate, fewer words per utterance, higher-than-average pitch, and elongated vowels. Although many benefits are associated with using IDS, there is little information on what parents think about IDS. The current study asked: (1) How do mothers conceptualize IDS; (2) Is there an alignment between mothers' IDS beliefs and their speech register when teaching a new word to their child; and (3) How do mothers' IDS beliefs associate with children's expressive language and performance on a word learning task?MethodsFifty-three mothers and their 15- to 21-month-old monolingual English-reared infants (Mage = 17.92, SD = 1.99, 23 males) participated. Mothers were asked to teach their child a novel word and to complete the Parent Language Belief Questionnaire (PLBQ). Mothers' IDS was recorded as they taught their child a novel word and was compared to their ADS from interacting with the experimenter.ResultsFindings revealed that mothers had mixed beliefs about their use of IDS. Yet, most mothers used IDS as they taught their child a novel word. Lastly, mothers' IDS beliefs did not predict children's language skills or word learning at test.DiscussionThe current study is the first to explore whether mothers' beliefs about their use of infant-directed speech align with their actual use of IDS. As the positive benefits between IDS and children's language development have been documented, identifying the barriers surrounding why parents may not use IDS with their children is essential.

Investigating the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation on the expressive language of children with autism spectrum disorder

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neuropsychological disorder, characterized by social skill deficits, language disorders, and repetitive behaviors. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the expressive language of children with ASD. Method: This semi-experimental study, with a pretest-posttest control-group design, was conducted on a statistical population of autistic children, aged 4-6 years, who were referred to the rehabilitation clinics of Yazd, Iran, during 2022. A total of 30 autistic children were randomly selected for this study. The scores of Newsha's Growth Assessment Test (2009) were compared in three intervals: before tDCS, after tDCS, and during follow-up. Data analysis was performed in SPSS Version 21, using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The results of data analysis showed a significant difference in the mean expressive language scores of the experimental and control groups (P<0.05). The effect size of tDCS on expressive language scores was estimated at 0.421. The score of Newsha's Growth Assessment Test increased significantly in the experimental group after tDCS and during the follow-up compared to the control group (P=0.001). Conclusion: The results showed that tDCS led to the improvement of the expressive language of children with ASD. Therefore, it is recommended to use this type of treatment as one of the complementary methods in the rehabilitation of ASD patients.

Language acquisition in a post-pandemic context: the impact of measures against COVID-19 on early language development.

Language acquisition is influenced by the quality and quantity of input that language learners receive. In particular, early language development has been said to rely on the acoustic speech stream, as well as on language-related visual information, such as the cues provided by the mouth of interlocutors. Furthermore, children's expressive language skills are also influenced by the variability of interlocutors that provided the input. The COVID-19 pandemic has offered an unprecedented opportunity to explore the way these input factors affect language development. On the one hand, the pervasive use of masks diminishes the quality of speech, while it also reduces visual cues to language. On the other hand, lockdowns and restrictions regarding social gatherings have considerably limited the amount of interlocutor variability in children's input. The present study aims at analyzing the effects of the pandemic measures against COVID-19 on early language development. To this end, 41 children born in 2019 and 2020 were compared with 41 children born before 2012 using the Catalan adaptation of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories (MB-CDIs). Results do not show significant differences in vocabulary between pre- and post-Covid children, although there is a tendency for children with lower vocabulary levels to be in the post-Covid group. Furthermore, a relationship was found between interlocutor variability and participants' vocabulary, indicating that those participants with fewer opportunities for socio-communicative diversity showed lower expressive vocabulary scores. These results reinforce other recent findings regarding input factors and their impact on early language learning.

Instilling Self-regulation in Children with Autism (Case Study in SLBN (State Special School) Kuala Tungkal)

The problem in this study is the need to instill self-regulation in early childhood to control children's minds in learning activities and emotions and instill behavior control in friends in their environment. If it can be instilled, then autistic children can concentrate on learning. The learning process so far is rarely done on children if they do not like the activity or the subject matter they are studying. This research aims to find out how to foster self-regulation in autistic children. This research is descriptive-qualitative, while the data collection methods used are observation, interviews, and documentation to find answers to the problems raised. The conclusion is instilling Self Regulation in autistic children by providing positive reinforcement in learning autistic children, stimulating responsive language skills, and practicing the expressive language in children, which can help them become individuals who are independent, responsible, and able to manage emotions and behavior. , and daily tasks effectively. This research has an update that focuses more on autistic children, namely developing self-regulation by providing guidance and appropriate behavior models to help children practice and strengthen their self-regulation skills.

The Relationship Between Speech Delay with Cerebral Palsies in Children at Rs Haji Medan

Speech delay in children is a condition in which the child's expressive language development is inappropriate or below his age. The incidence of speech delay for Indonesian children who are not in school yet reaches 5–10%. There are more male children with speech disorders than females. The causes of speech delay can be hearing loss, cerebral palsy, low thinking ability, or autism. Cerebral palsy patients may experience uncontrollable movements and muscle spasms in the mouth. This will have an impact on the development of children's speech. This research is a descriptive-analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects of this study are patients with cerebral palsy in RS Haji Medan, with a total sample size of 132 people. Data analysis using the Chi-square tes. There was a significant relationship between speech delay and cerebral palsy among pediatric patients in RS Haji Medan. The result using Fisher’s exact test showed a P value less than 0.05, which validated the hypothesis. There was a significant relationship between speech delay and cerebral palsy among pediatric patients in RS Haji Medan.

Stalling for Time: Stall, Revision, and Stuttering-Like Disfluencies Reflect Language Factors in the Speech of Young Children.

Disfluencies can be classified as stuttering-like disfluencies (SLDs) or typical disfluencies (TDs). Dividing TDs further, stalls (fillers and repetitions) are thought to be prospective, occurring due to planning glitches, and revisions (word and phrase revisions, word fragments) are thought to be retrospective, occurring when a speaker corrects language produced in error. In the first study assessing stalls, revisions, and SLDs in matched groups of children who stutter (CWS) and children who do not stutter (CWNS), we hypothesized that SLDs and stalls would increase with utterance length and grammaticality but not with a child's expressive language level. We expected revisions to be associated with a child having more advanced language but not with utterance length or grammaticality. We hypothesized that SLDs and stalls (thought to be planning-related) would tend to precede grammatical errors. We analyzed 15,782 utterances from 32 preschool-age CWS and 32 matched CWNS to assess these predictions. Stalls and revisions increased in ungrammatical and longer utterances and with the child's language level. SLDs increased in ungrammatical and longer utterances, but not with overall language level. SLDs and stalls tended to occur before grammatical errors. Results suggest that both stalls and revisions are more likely to occur in utterances that are harder to plan (those that are ungrammatical and/or longer) and that, as children's language develops, so do the skills they need to produce both stalls and revisions. We discuss clinical implications of the finding that ungrammatical utterances are more likely to be stuttered.

Verbal Responsiveness in Parents of Toddlers With and Without Autism During a Home Observation

This study examined patterns of verbal responsiveness in parents of toddlers (Mage = 20 months) later identified with autism (n = 121), developmental delay (n = 46), or typical development (n = 44) during an hourlong home observation. Parent verbal responsiveness (PVR) was compared using MANOVA across groups and by child expressive language phase. Multiple regression analyses controlling for child age and maternal education were employed to examine the extent to which PVR predicted variance in concurrent child social communication and prospective language skills. Parents provided synchronous responses approximately 90% of the time. Parents of children with autism and developmental delay used smaller proportions of responses that added linguistic information (i.e., expansions and follow-in directives for language) than those of children with typical development. Parents of children in the preverbal phase were more likely, on average, to affirm their children’s acts of intentional communication or provide a follow-in directive for action that did not necessitate a verbal response than to expand or elicit language. Regression results indicated that parental use of expansions and follow-in directives for language made significant contributions to child language outcomes. The patterns we observed may reflect parents’ attunement to their child’s developmental level. Responsiveness to a child’s focus of attention is vital in the earlier stages of language learning; however, results point to the potential importance of parental expansions and follow-in directives for promoting language development across groups in this sample. Directions for intervention research targeting PVR and language skills in toddlers with autism and developmental delays are discussed.

The Effect of Storytelling Methods and Self-Confidence Children's Expressive Language Skills

This study aims to determine the effect of the storytelling method and self-confidence on the expressive language skills of early childhood. The approach used is quantitative through an experimental method with treatment by level 2x2 design. This research was conducted on children in group B Kindergarten in Tanah Datar Regency. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling (simple random sampling). The number of samples in this study was 24 children (12 in the experimental class and 12 in the control class. Data collection in this study used a self-made checklist. The data analysis technique in this study used two-way ANOVA to see the main effects and interactions then used the Tukey test). To see a simple effect, the results of this study are as follows: 1) The expressive language ability of children who are given the storytelling method is higher than the children who are given the show and tell treatment. 2) There is an interaction between the storytelling method and self-confidence, in general, it has a significant effect on children's expressive language skills. 3) Children who have high self-confidence, by being treated with the storytelling method have higher expressive language skills than using the show and tell storytelling method). 4) Children who have low self-confidence using the show and tell storytelling method have higher expressive language skills than those who are treated using the storytelling method

UK speech and language therapists' assessment of children's expressive language, and functional impairment and impact, following the CATALISE publications.

In 2016/17, the CATALISE Consortium published the results of a multinational and multidisciplinary Delphi consensus study, representing agreement among professionals about the definition and process of identification of children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) (Bishop etal., 2016, 2017). The extent to which the current clinical practice of UK speech and language therapists (SLTs) reflects the CATALISE consensus statements is unknown. To investigate how UK SLTs' expressive language assessment practices reflect the CATALISE documents' emphasis on the functional impairment and impact caused by DLD, by examining: whether multiple sources of assessment information are gathered; how standardised and non-standardised sources are combined in clinical decision-making, and how clinical observation and language sample analysis are utilised. An anonymous, online survey was carried out between August 2019 and January 2020. It was open to UK-based paediatric SLTs who assess children up to age 12 with unexplained difficulties using language. Questions probed different aspects of expressive language assessment which are referred to in the CATALISE consensus statements and supplementary comments, and asked about participants' familiarity with the CATALISE statements. Responses were analysed using simple descriptive statistics and content analysis. The questionnaire was completed by 104 participants, from all four regions of the United Kingdom, working in a range of clinical settings with different levels of professional experience of DLD. The findings indicate that clinical assessment practices broadly align with the CATALISE statements. Although clinicians carry out standardised assessments more frequently than other types of assessment, they also gather information from other sources and use this alongside standardised test scores to inform clinical decisions. Clinical observation and language sample analysis are commonly utilised to evaluate functional impairment and impact, along with parent/carer/teacher and child report. However, asking about the child's own perspective could be more widely utilised. The findings also highlight a lack of familiarity with the details of the CATALISE documents among two thirds of the participants. Assessment practices broadly align with the CATALISE statements, but there is a need for greater clarity regarding terminology and the assessment of functional language impairment and impact. This research should prompt discussion in the profession about how to further develop and adopt expressive language assessment practices which reflect the CATALISE consensus and support effective assessment. What is already known on the subject The CATALISE consortium documents on Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) were published in 2016/17. The extent to which expressive language assessment practice in the United Kingdom reflects the new definition and statements on assessment has not previously been investigated. What this paper adds to existing knowledge This survey indicates that speech and language therapists in the United Kingdom assessing children for DLD mostly balance standardised language test scores with other sources of information in clinical decision-making, and utilise clinical observation and language sample analysis to consider functional impairment and the impact of the language disorder. However, important questions are raised regarding the robustness and objectivity with which these key parameters are currently defined and evaluated. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? Clinicians, individually and at service level, are encouraged to reflect on their assessment of functional impairment and the impact of language disorder and to take steps to incorporate this where necessary. Professional guidance and clinical tools to facilitate robust, objective assessment would support clinical practice that aligns with expert consensus.

Improving Expressive Language Skills Using Characterized Hand Puppets

There are four language skills, namely, listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Kindergarten-aged children only need to hear and speak correctly and according to their age development. According to Departemen Pendidikan Nasional (2003), the fiction of language development for early childhood is as a means of communication with the environment, as a tool for developing children's innate, actual abilities, as a tool for developing children's expression, and as a tool for expressing feelings and thoughts to others. This study aimed to improve early childhood expressive language skills using character hand puppets in group B1 TK ABA Wonosari IV as many as 15 children. Data collection through observation and documentation. The results showed an increase in indicators in the pre-cycle conditions of 13% and 60% in the first and 93% in the second cycles. The power analysis results concluded that using character hand puppet media could improve expressive language in group B1 TK ABA Wonosari IV. The researcher suggests that teachers use character puppet media to improve children's expressive language skills.

PERAN GURU PAUD DALAM MENSTIMULASI PERKEMBANGAN BAHASA EKSPRESIF ANAK PADA KELOMPOK B USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI TK PERTIWI MAJASEM

The thesis discusses the role of the teacher in stimulating the development of Indonesian expressive language in children at Pertiwi Majasem Kindergaten,Kemangkon Distric, Purbalingga Regency. This Studi aims to determine the role of early childhood teacher stimulating the language development of group B children in TK Pertiwi Majasem. The subject of this study were 22 children of Pertiwi Majasem Kindergaten consisting of 14 boys and 8 girls

Deskripsi Kemampuan Bahasa Ekspresif Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun Di TK Al-Ikhlas Soguo


 
 
 The purpose of this study was to describe the expressive language skills of children aged 4-5 years at Al-Ikhlas Soguo Kindergarten, Bolaang Uki District, South Bolaang Mongondow Regency. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative involving 15 children as a sample. Data collection techniques used in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. the data analysis technique used is the interactive model by Milles & Hubberman. The results obtained show that children's expressive language skills focus on the ability to express wishes, ideas and interests, participate in conversations, say simple sentences and use question words. However, in showing expressive language, children still need more time.
 
 

Language development of Chinese-speaking hearing-impaired children: The roles of home literacy resources and shared book reading

The present study aimed to explore the specific components of home literacy resources (HLR) and parental behaviours during shared book reading (SBR) that may contribute to the language development of Chinese-speaking hearing-impaired children. A total of 90 Chinese-speaking hearing-impaired children aged 3 to 6 years, along with their parents, participated in this study. Following the design of previous studies, we required the parents to complete a questionnaire regarding HLR and parental SBR behaviours, and their hearing-impaired children received a standardised language test. The results showed that such HLR components as storybook capacity at home, weekly frequency of SBR, duration per SBR session, starting age of SBR, and the parental SBR behaviour, parent and child discussing opinions with each other, could significantly account for an additional portion of the variance in children's receptive, expressive, and overall language beyond the demographic variables. It is thus recommended that clinicians share this evidence-based information with parents who have hearing-impaired children to help their children develop language to their fullest potential.

Behaviors related to autism spectrum disorder in children with developmental language disorder and children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.

Children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) are at an increased risk to develop behaviors associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The relationship between early language difficulties and the occurrence of ASD-related behaviors in DLD is poorly understood. One factor that may hinder progress in understanding this relationship is the etiological heterogeneity of DLD. We therefore study this relationship in an etiologically homogeneous group of children, who share phenotypic characteristics with children with DLD: children with the 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome (22q11DS). We compare children with 22q11DS, to children with DLD and age-matched typically developing children (TD). 44 children with 22q11DS, 65 children with DLD and 81 TD children, between 3.0-6.5 years old, participated in a longitudinal cohort study that included a baseline measure and a follow-up measure with a 1-year interval. A parental questionnaire (SRS-2) was used to measure the incidence of behaviors in two key behavioral domains associated with ASD: Social Communication and Interaction and Restricted Repetitive Behaviors and Interests. At baseline, we assessed children's expressive and receptive language abilities as well as their intellectual functioning with standardized tests. We compared the distribution of ASD-related behaviors between the three groups. We used regression analyses to investigate whether language abilities at baseline predict ASD-related behavior at follow-up, accounting for ASD-related behavior at baseline, demographic variables and intellectual functioning. Both the children with 22q11DS and the children with DLD displayed significantly more ASD-related behaviors than the TD children. Over 30% of children in both clinical groups had scores exceeding the subclinical threshold for ASD in both behavioral domains. Both in 22q11DS and DLD, baseline receptive language scores were negatively correlated with ASD-related behaviors 1 year later, when controlling for baseline SRS-scores. However, this association was statistically significant only in children with 22q11DS, even when controlled for IQ-scores, and it was significantly stronger as than in the TD group. The strength of the association did not differ significantly between 22q11DS and DLD. Both children with 22q11DS and children with DLD present with elevated rates of ASD-related behaviors at a preschool-age. Only in children with 22q11DS we observed that weaker receptive language skills were related to increased behavioral problems in the domain of social communication and interaction one year later. Our findings indicate that relations between early language impairment and other behavioral phenotypes may be more feasible to detect in a subgroup of children with a homogeneous etiology, than in a group of children with a heterogeneous etiology (such as children with DLD). Our results in 22q11DS reveal that receptive language is especially important in predicting the occurrence of ASD-related behaviors. Future research is needed to determine to what extent receptive language predicts the occurrence of ASD-related behaviors in children with DLD, especially among those children with DLD with the weakest receptive language. Clinically, screening for ASD-related behaviors in children with developmental language difficulties is recommended from a young age, especially among children with receptive language difficulties.

Teleintervenção guiada por videofeedback à família de uma criança usuária de implante coclear: estudo de caso

ABSTRACT Interventions for parental training for families of hard of hearing children, including cochlear implant users, are identified as optimizing their developmental outcomes. In this single-case intervention study, we aim to describe the use of videofeedback in a remote environment, as well as to identify its effectiveness, based on the analysis of mother-child interaction, both for the mother's communicative behaviors and for the behaviors of the mother, receptive and expressive language of the child. Pre- and post-intervention measurements were performed, based on video analysis of the mother's interaction with the child, by blind judges, as well as through the application of assessment instruments for the child and the mother. There were 13 sessions, 3 of which were for evaluation before and after the intervention and 10 of teleconsultation sessions in which the videofeedback tool was used with the mother. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially, using the JT method, which determined the Reliable Change Index (BMI) and Clinical Significance. There was reliable positive change in the child's receptive and expressive language, as well as reliable positive change and clinically significant change in mother-child interaction after the 10 sessions of remote videofeedback intervention. Based on the reliable changes observed in this study, we present this model (televideofeedback) as a potential to optimize resources and efforts for therapeutic success in children's auditory rehabilitation, which should be studied in research with a rigorous method, for the broad recommendation of its use.

Developing Children's Expressive Language Through the Storytelling Methods

Developing Children's Expressive Language Through the Storytelling Methods