Children's Understanding Research Articles

Socialisation of children to nurse and nursing images: AGoffman-inspired thematic analysis of children's picture books in a Swedish context.

Picture books are often part of children's socialisation processes, contributing to the children forming images of the world, including ideas about (categories of) people, such as nurses. The study aims to explore how nurses/nursing are portrayed in children's picture books in a Swedish context. Through a systematic search, 44 books were included for analysis using thematic analysis and a theoretical lens inspired by Goffman. The results were presented in three themes: 'The costume characterised and designated nurses', 'Nurses and nursing were defined through specific activities and accessories', and 'Nurses' role as caregivers and decency practitioners'. The results showed that nurses were depicted/described in varied contexts, performing their roles mainly front stage in 'hands-on work' in close contact with patients and relatives. Nurses were attributed different accessories and personality characteristics. Nurses/nursing were generally set within a healthcare context, oftentimes within an overarching medical logic. Historical depictions of nurses'uniforms still appeared as a signifier for nurses/nursing. The presentation of nurses/nursing might have potential implications on children's understanding of and for reputations of nurses/nursing in the long term as primary socialisation and related understandings of the (sub)world(s) are deeply rooted in humans.

Domain‐general or specific: How is children's understanding of deception socialized?

AbstractThe current study investigated parenting influences on children's understanding of lie‐telling in eight different social situations. These social situations clustered into two broad categories that have been assumed in the literature: first, self‐oriented lies that were generally told to benefit the self (e.g., to avoid punishment or gain status); and second, socio‐culturally‐oriented lies that were told for more social reasons (e.g., to create positive affect, maintain modesty or politeness). Two types of parenting variables were also measured. The first concerned more general parenting practices and have been studied in the literature; while the second was about more specific parental deceptive behaviors like lying to your child for their compliance. Participants included 141 Turkish parent‐child dyads aged 7, 9, and 11. All children judged the self‐oriented and the socio‐cultural lies as inappropriate but more so for the self‐oriented ones; further, the socio‐cultural lies were judged less negatively with age. While general parenting practices did not predict children's judgments, for parental deceptive practices, there were strong negative relationships between parents’ use of threatening lies (e.g., “come with me or I'll leave you here”) and children's judgments for both self‐ and socio‐cultural lie types. The two main conclusions are that specific parental deceptive practices are more relevant than general parenting for understanding children's judgments about lie‐telling situations. Second, the assumed categorization of lies into “self‐” and “social‐” seems generally valid when using a plurality of situations. Finally, some issues related to the morality of lie‐telling are discussed.

Development of Doratoon Animation Media on the Material of Faith in the Angels of Allah to Improve the Abillty to Memorize Daily Prayers

Background. This research aims to create a Doratoon application-based learning media product to train children's understanding of faith in God's angels using the Doratoon application. This research uses a type of development research known as Research & Development (R&D
 Purpose. The research process begins with a preliminary study to see the problems that occur, the potential for development.
 Method. determining the literature review that is relevant to the problems that occur to plan the manufacture of initial product design, initial product field trials, product revision I, main field trials, product revision II.
 Results. , operational field trials, final product revision and dissemination and implementation of product application.
 Conclusion. The results of the research on the use of the Doratoon Application developed in this study with a series of steps and trial stages can be said to be successful in training children's understanding of faith in the angels of God because there is an increase in scores at each stage of the trial carried out

Teacher support for children’s base-10 understanding in Japanese kindergartens

ABSTRACT Early understanding of base-10 concept has been shown to be associated with superior mathematical achievement among East Asian children. In addition to their base-10 structured number system, teacher support in kindergarten is also crucial to children's development of this complex mathematical concept. Therefore, this study examined how Japanese kindergarten teachers support children's base-10 understanding through informal learning activities. One class of 35 4-year-old children in a private Japanese kindergarten was observed. Our findings reveal that teacher support in their informal learning activities shared two common aspects, namely, ‘children as the manipulatives’ and ‘every child’s contribution is essential’. The former aspect suggests that using children as the manipulatives can also be effective in promoting children’s base-10 understanding. Interestingly, the latter reflects that Japanese kindergarten teachers place great emphasis in nurturing children’s social skills while supporting children in learning base-10 concept unconsciously. This study also provides new directions for future research on how free-choice/child-led play and activities, as well as music and body movement related activities can promote children’s mathematical knowledge.

Children's understanding of financial literacy and parents' choice of financial knowledge learning methods in Malaysia

Financial literacy is an essential lifelong skill that should be taught to children at any age. It holds the key to develop a generation of adults who are knowledgeable about money and the economy. Additionally, OECD (2018) suggests that using digital tools could significantly enhance financial literacy and well-being. Therefore, this paper aims to:(i)assess the financial literacy level of primary school children in the northern region of Malaysia and(ii)explore interactive and engaging methods for teaching financial literacy.The sample size was determined using Krejcie and Morgan's (1970) approach, resulting in 419 primary school students aged 7 to 12 and their parents. An online questionnaire was employed, and multi-regression analysis was conducted.The findings highlighted those primary students displayed a high level of financial literacy, scoring above 80 % on the questionnaire. Furthermore, parents expressed a preference for their children to enroll in personal finance subjects offered by schools, have financial assignments or activities at school, and engage in online financial games. The study emphasized the crucial roles of schools, teachers, and active parental involvements to enhance financial literacy. This study recommends incorporating interactive and attractive teaching methods through in-class and online activities at the school level.

How reliable is assessment of children's sentence comprehension using a self-directed app? A comparison of supported versus independent use.

This study reports on the feasibility of using the Test of Complex Syntax- Electronic (TECS-E), as a self-directed app, to measure sentence comprehension in children aged 4 to 5 ½ years old; how testing apps might be adapted for effective independent use; and agreement levels between face-to-face supported computerized and independent computerized testing with this cohort. A pilot phase was completed with 4 to 4;06-year-old children, to determine the appropriate functional app features required to facilitate independent test completion. Following the integration of identified features, children completed the app independently or with adult support (4-4;05 (n = 22) 4;06-4;11 months (n = 55) and 5 to 5;05 (n = 113)) and test re-test reliability was examined. Independent test completion posed problems for children under 5 years but for those over 5, TECS-E is a reliable method to assess children's understanding of complex sentences, when used independently.

Growing Up, Learning Race: An Integration of Research on Cognitive Mechanisms and Socialization in Context

In the United States, race is a critical factor in determining how children experience and navigate their social worlds. Developmental scientists have examined the complexities and nuances of how children develop an understanding of what race means for them and others as well as their attitudes toward people of other racial groups. We provide an overview of the literature on two approaches to understanding children's racial learning—sociocognitive approaches, which focus on various aspects of children's understanding of, beliefs about, and attitudes toward race and racial groups, and socialization perspectives, which examine the messages that socialization agents transmit to children about race. Throughout, we highlight the ways in which the persistence of structural and interpersonal racism in the United States forms the background context for children's racial learning.

The how many and give-N tasks: Conceptually distinct measures of the cardinality principle

In the current study we investigated performance on the how many (how many?) and give-N tasks. We first investigated the relative performance of three-to-five-year-old children (N = 393; M = 4.75 years, SD = .75 years) on these tasks. Replicating prior work, we found that children performed worse on give-N compared to how many? and this performance gap increased as the set size increased. This performance gap remained even after controlling for children's counting skill. We next conducted a series of confirmatory factor analyses to identify the best fitting factor structure of three tasks that measure children's understanding of set sizes across both small and large sets: a subitizing measure, how many?, and give-N. We found that the best fitting factor structure contained separate factors for each task. This suggests that each measure provides task-specific variance not captured by the other cardinality measures. These results highlight the different aspects of children's understanding of cardinality.

Character Education Through Learning In Al-Ikhlas Al-Quran Education Center Nampirejo Batanghari

Islamic education is one of the main pillars of character education. Character education will grow well if it starts with instilling a good Islamic soul. Islamic education learning has started in elementary Centers, through Islamic education learning a student is taught aqidah as the basis of religion. Learning at the Al-Quran Education Center provides a lot of strengthening of children's character and understanding of religion which can be a provision for life in the future. The Al-Quran Education Center is a level of education for children which is held in order to develop the personality and knowledge of children as well as education to read the Al-Qur'an. The development of TPA began in the 1990s with the discovery of various methods of reading the Qur'an and Iqro. Landfill upgrade until now shows the increasing level of public awareness of the importance of Islamic values ​​for the foundation and future of their children.

Grounding perceptions: the value of otoendoscopy images in strengthening parents and children's understanding and decision making in a pediatric ENT clinic

IntroductionIn recent years, there has been an increasing use of otoendoscopy in middle ear surgery. There is also increasing evidence of its usefulness as a diagnostic tool for clinicians. However, there is limited evidence on whether understanding their ear condition is of benefit to patients. This novel study sought to explore the perceptions, perspectives, and satisfaction of parents, children, and young people regarding the use of otoendoscope images in outpatient ENT consultations in relation to their understanding of ear symptoms, disease, and subsequent treatment. The framework for the study is child (and parent) health literacy and how visual images can play in scaffolding understanding, communication, and decision-making.MethodsThis qualitative descriptive exploratory study used semi-structured observation, a survey, short conversational interviews, and child activities.ResultsPurposive sampling of 16 children (aged 4–15 yrs, various diagnoses) and parents/carers attending an outpatient ENT clinic at a tertiary pediatric hospital. One overarching theme, “Grounding perceptions and deepening engagement,” and two sub-themes, “Strengthening understanding” and “Supporting decision-making,” were identified. The children and parents valued the opportunity to see the images and gain insight and knowledge of their child's pathology.DiscussionThe images appeared to promote child (and parent) health literacy and interaction between the child-parent-clinician and informed shared decision-making. This study suggests that the use of otoendoscopy in an out-patient setting and sharing of the images with parents, children, and young people have a largely positive impact on understanding, relationship building, and decision making in pediatric ENT consultations.

The sums are larger than their natural number addends: Relation to operands understanding predicts growth in arithmetic/algebraic problem solving.

The relation to operands (RO) principles describe the relation between operands and answers in arithmetic problems (e.g., the sum is always larger than its positive addends). Despite being a fundamental property of arithmetic, its empirical relation with arithmetic/algebraic problem solving has seldom been investigated. The current longitudinal study aimed to address this issue. Two-hundred-and-two Chinese fifth graders (57% boys) were assessed on their RO understanding. Their arithmetic/algebraic problem solving were assessed multiple times over 2 years. Results from latent growth curve modeling showed that RO understanding predicted the growth in arithmetic/algebraic problem solving when other known predictors of arithmetic/algebraic problem solving were controlled. The findings highlight the role of RO understanding in children's mathematical development. Interventions should be developed to enhance children's RO understanding. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Cultural Da'wah Method of Rapai Geleng During The Golden Ege: An Analytical Approach to Islamic Religious Education in Aceh

Islamic religious education is an important part of developing spirituality and religious understanding for individual Muslims. The approach to Islamic religious education has experienced significant development through the application of cultural da'wah methods. The Cultural Da'wah method is a combination of da'wah models that include elements of culture, religion, art, motion and sound. In the culture and customs of the Acehnese people, the Rapai gelling dance is one of the cultural da'wah media used to convey Islamic da'wah. This study aims to analyze and explore the approach of Islamic religious education through the cultural da'wah method of Rapai Geleng during the Golden Age of An-Nur PAUD students in Seuneulop Village, Southwest Aceh. The research method used in this study is qualitative research with a case study approach. Data were collected through participatory observation, interviews, and analysis of related documents. The results showed that the approach of Islamic religious education through cultural da'wah methods during the Golden Age at PAUD An-Nur Seuneulop Village had a positive impact on children's religious understanding and character development. The method of cultural da'wah is able to create a fun, creative, and local culture-based learning environment, which effectively increases interest in learning and understanding Islam. In addition, this study also reveals that this approach has advantages in combining religious values with local culture, thus enriching the understanding of Islam holistically. An-Nur ECCE teachers have an important role in implementing this approach by utilizing various media and activities that are appropriate to the local cultural context. The results of this research make an important contribution to the development of Islamic religious education approaches through cultural da'wah methods during the Golden Age.

PELATIHAN MEMBACA AL-QUR’AN SESUAI DENGAN MAKHORIJUL HURUF DAN TAJWID PADA MAJLIS TAKLIM DI DESA JAYASAKTI MUARA GEMBONG

The holy book of Muslims is the Koran, in fact the holy book of the Koran is the book that was revealed to the last prophet of Allah, namely Rasulullah Muhammad SAW through the angel Gabriel. The implementation of community service related to training in reading the Qur'an in accordance with the makhorijul letters and tajwid at the majlis taklim aims to improve reading skills by paying attention to the makhorijul letters and tajwid. The main target is for the women of Majlis Taklim, namely regarding the knowledge of recitation and makharijul as well as strategies that can be used in developing children's abilities and understanding in these two fields when reading the Qur'an. In carrying out this service, training methods are used so that it is easier to understand and also easy to apply to find out how fluent the majlis taklim mothers are to understand the science of recitation and the letters of makharijul letters. The results of the service show that during the training the community is able to recognize recitation and develop the ability to read the Qur'an properly and correctly through the pronunciation of the makhorijul letters of each lafadz they read.

STORY TELLING DENGAN HANDPUPET SEBAGAI METODA SOSIALISASI PENERAPAN PROTOKOL KESEHATAN PADA ANAK USIA PRA SEKOLAH

As an effort to prevent the transmission of Covid-19, people are required to implement new habits by maintaining social distancing and implementing health protocols. Health protocols must not only be understood by adults, but it is also important to apply them to children Socialization of health protocols to children must be conveyed through interesting and fun activities according to their stages of growth and development. The storytelling method is a method that is quite effective in attracting someone's attention, when telling a story to a child, his imagination and emotion will be awakened. To further attract children's interest, storytelling can be done using hand puppets (handpupets). To increase the enthusiasm and enthusiasm of preschool-age children in implementing the health protocol, a hand washing exercise competition was also held, which was participated in by kindergarten/PAUD students in the Tarogong Village area. The results of the activity show that various and interesting methods are quite effective in building preschool-aged children's understanding and awareness of the importance of implementing health protocols

AFFIRMING MORAL EXCELLENCE: STRENGTHENING CHARACTER EDUCATION THROUGH HABITUATION AND INNOVATIVE LEARNING MANAGEMENT

This study investigates the positive impact of the management of strengthening moral character education through habituation programs and educational learning in early childhood on their moral development. This approach is designed to reinforce noble values and ethics in children's daily lives at an early stage of development. The research site was conducted at Al Munir Kalianget Islamic Kindergarten Banyuglugur Situbondo. The research methodology uses a qualitative research approach of the case study type involving the implementation of the Habituation Program specifically designed to improve the understanding and application of moral values. Data was collected through observations, interviews, and questionnaires given to teachers and parents of children involved in the program. The results showed a significant improvement in early childhood children's understanding and moral behaviour after participating in the Habituation Program and educational learning. The collaboration between the school environment and the family proves its effectiveness in forming a strong character and high morale in children. This finding has important implications in the context of early childhood character education. It highlights the strategic role of management in strengthening moral character education in shaping the next generation who are qualified, with integrity, and full of responsibility. This research contributes to the practical and theoretical understanding of increasing children's moral excellence through integrated character education interventions.

Product Development of Unique Clothing Learning Media to Stimulate Fine Motor Skills of 4-5 Years Old Children

The purpose of this study was to create a learning model product in the form of unique clothing to stimulate fine motor skills of children aged 5-6 years in Purwakarta. The research method used a mixed method with a research and development (R&D) design. The research process starts from making a product design design using media with materials around, in the form of used gallon bottles, design validation, revision, making products, limited product trials, making products, stage 1 product revision, main field trials, revision 2, operational field trials, product revision 3, dissemination and product marketing. The results of research on the development of unique clothing learning models to stimulate fine motor skills are more creative and innovative learning models. The results of the research in the form of children's fine motor movement skills are getting better and children's fine muscles are getting stronger and more skillful. This unique clothing model gives children the interest to be able to play it so that fine motor skills are stimulated in a fun way. The technique supports children's understanding of attitudes, motivation and curiosity towards psychomotor activities (fine motor). This broad trial was conducted three times and experienced good improvement, so it is hoped that this model can be disseminated to PAUD institutions in Purwakarta and surrounding areas.

Caring Existentially and Spiritually for Young Children and Close Grandchildren of Life-Threatened Cancer Patients in Secularized Denmark

When children are given opportunities to talk about their existential and spiritual concerns and needs, different health risks related to parents' illness and death may be reduced. The existential and spiritual care and conversations provided during parents' and close grandparents' cancer illness are insufficient. This article presents a practical and theoretical perspective on how to care for the existential and spiritual needs of children at three different age stages. Data from a research project guided the process of synthesizing the theoretical aspects with the practical. The theoretical perspective comprises Majbrit Guldin's theory of children's age-related grief reactions and James Fowler's three stages about children's spiritual and cognitive development. The empirical study is based on qualitative interviews with 16 children or close grandchildren of cancer patients at hospice. The theoretical and practical perspective function as a guide for existential and spiritual care and conversation with children at three different ages. The preschool child needs adults to support their growing spirituality and help them show, express, and understand their feelings. The school-aged child needs adults who listen to and acknowledge the child's understandings, experiences, and feelings as well as challenge their rigid thinking. The young adult needs adults who are willing to be there for them physically, mentally, socially, and spiritually in a genuine relationship. The perspective might function well for nurses and other health professionals as it is generic and addresses barriers for communication with children found in different healthcare contexts.

Pembiasaan Kegiatan Infak Jumat Dalam Membentuk Karakter Religius di SD Negeri Wonosari Kabupaten Purworejo

The purpose of this study was to analyze how the habituation of fifth grade infak Friday activities can shape the religious character of SD Negeri Wonosari as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors. This type of research is Field Research with a qualitative approach. Data collection methods through interviews, observation, documentation. The results showed that Friday infaq activities can foster religious character, namely (1) the value of worship (2) the religious character of caring for others (3) sincerity. Supporters of the implementation of Friday Infaq habituation activities for class V in forming religious character factors at Wonosari Elementary School come from: 1) parents, who play a role by giving money, (2) the school, namely by understanding children's understanding of infaq and its use (3) student self-awareness . The inhibiting factors were: (1) students' self-consciousness, such as students preferring their money to buy snacks, (2) parents of students, such as those who do not agree if their children do infak Friday activities, (3) teachers, such as when the teacher forgot to give a box infaq and when the teacher has assignments outside of school.

Kids Farming for the Initiation of Love for Agriculture and the Environment

Community service programs through Kids Farming for the initiation of love for agriculture and the environment aim to, among others: (1) increase children's understanding and insight into the importance of agriculture in the future and modern agriculture, (2) improve children's skills in planting practices, (3) increase responsible attitudes and love for agriculture in children, (4) increase students' knowledge about the importance of environmental conservation, and environmentally friendly agriculture (zero waste), (5) increase responsible and environmentally loving attitudes in children. To achieve the expected goals and output targets, the implementation method used in this program is a fun learning method through training and mentoring of children. This program has stages in the implementation of activities, including: preparation, interactive learning, planting, mentoring, and follow-up. The results of the implementation of this program include: (1) the formation of teamwork in children students to strengthen togetherness and erode individualism, (2) the formation of student character expression by loving the world of agriculture more and environmental preservation through green lifestyle, (3) the formation of concern for the surrounding environment, (4) a change in mindset towards stereotypes of the agricultural world, so as to change ideals closer to the world of agriculture.

Edukasi Sapta Pesona Dan Peduli Lingkungan Pada Anak-Anak Sekolah Dasar Daerah Pesisir

The potential for natural resources that are widespread on the coasts of Indonesia, the potential for pollution of the coastal and marine environment also has considerable opportunities. This opportunity can be caused by Indonesia's dense population, relatively high tourist activity including transportation, and large development. For this reason, the purpose of this community service activity is to foster awareness and increase elementary school children's understanding of the importance of caring for the environment and sapta charm. This community service activity is educational in nature by dividing small groups, where the children of SD Negeri Empan are directly taught about Sapta Pesona and caring for the environment and practice the waste sorting process directly. The expected result is the understanding of SD Negeri Empan children about Sapta Pesona and caring for the environment. Community service activities can then be directed to the practice of how to manage and carry out waste recycling and the symbolic installation of eight Sapta Pesona points in coastal environments, especially tourist attractions