Child-parent Pairs Research Articles

Child- and Proxy-reported Differences in Patient-reported Outcome and Experience Measures in Pediatric Surgery: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Pediatric health outcomes are often assessed using proxy reports, which may not fully capture children's experiences. Children with surgical conditions face unique, changing healthcare journeys, making accurate representation challenging. This review compares child-reported health status and treatment experiences from Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) and Patient-Reported Experience Measures (PREMs) with parent reports. A systematic search, designed by a librarian and adhering to PRISMA guidelines, was conducted across eight databases up to July 2023, targeting studies using PROMs and PREMs in pediatric surgery to capture both child and parent perspectives. Two reviewers independently screened abstracts, with conflicts resolved by senior authors. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used for quality assessment. A meta-analysis was also performed on Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™) outcomes. Of 5415 screened studies, 53 met inclusion criteria: 50 used PROMs, two used PREMs, and one used both. PedsQL™ appeared in 30 studies, with 16 other quality of life measures used less frequently. Twenty-two studies with PedsQL™ data from 6691 child-parent pairs were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled effect size between child- and parent-reported PedsQL™ scores was 0.98 (95% CI: [-0.81, 2.77]), with high heterogeneity (I2=89%). This review revealed substantial variability but minimal systematic differences between child and parent reports, highlighting the need for future research to understand this variability and improve integration of child and parent perspectives in pediatric health assessments. I, Systematic Review or meta-analysis of RCTs (randomized control trials).

Adaptation and content validation of measure yourself medical outcomes profile (MYMOP) for 7–11 year-old children

BackgroundThe Measure Yourself Medical Outcome Profile (MYMOP) is an individualised tool designed for adults but used with children without any evidence of validation in this population. Individualised instruments are patient-specific rather than disease-specific and therefore can be applied across various health conditions. This study sought to adapt, and content validate the MYMOP for application in 7–11 year old children.MethodsThere were two main phases of the four iterations: expert consultation (three rounds) and interviews with child-parent pairs at the Outpatient clinics of a Children’s Hospital. Thematic analysis was undertaken using an inductive, interpretative approach.ResultsFour paediatricians completed the first survey, five paediatricians participated in the focus group, and four paediatric health-related quality of life (HRQOL) research experts completed the second survey. Several changes were recommended to the MYMOP by the expert groups. Twenty-five children (17 general medicine, and 8 diabetes/endocrine clinic) aged 7–11 years completed the draft paediatric MYMOP (P-MYMOP) and were interviewed. Results demonstrated that the majority of participants were able to identify their own problems and activity limitations, and all participants understood the 7-point faces scale. Most parents and children perceived that the P-MYMOP would be useful to complete before clinic appointments.ConclusionsThe P-MYMOP is the first content-validated generic individualised HRQOL measure for children 7–11 years old. Given that validation is an iterative process, further research to assess its feasibility, reliability, and construct validity is required.

Efficacy of parent-child interaction therapy for children born premature.

Premature children are known to be at a high risk of developing behavioral problems. This study examined the effectiveness of parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) in reducing behavioral problems in young children born premature. The study included 18 child-parent pairs with children born at less than 35 weeks of gestation (range: 23-34 weeks, median: 31.0 weeks) and aged 27-52 months (median: 38.0 months). They were assigned to either the PCIT group (n = 7) or the non-PCIT group (n = 11) based on maternal desire for treatment. The study was designed to examine the effects of PCIT. Specifically, the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI) intensity score, ECBI problem score, and Parenting Stress Index Short Form (PSI-SF) scores were compared before treatment and after 6 months. In the PCIT group, the mean ECBI intensity score was 135.7 (SD = 13.5; T-score = 64) at baseline and 90.1 (SD = 15.5; T-score = 46) at post-assessment, the mean ECBI problem score was 9.8 (SD = 1.9; T-score = 54) at baseline and 4.4 (SD = 3.1; T-score = 44) at post-assessment, the mean PSI-SF total score was 60.1 (SD = 4.8; 95%tile) at baseline and 49.6 (SD = 5.6; 85%tile) at post-assessment, showing a significant improvement (ECBI intensity scores: p < 0.001, d = 2.03; ECBI problem scores: p < 0.001, d = 1.94; PSI-SF total scores: p = 0.004, d = 0.86). On the other hand, none of the scores showed significant change in the non-PCIT group. The PCIT can be considered as a potential treatment option for behavioral problems in young children born premature.

Effect of lens surgery on health-related quality of life in preschool children with congenital ectopia lentis.

To evaluate the effect of lens surgery on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of preschool children with congenital ectopia lentis (CEL). A prospective self-controlled study was conducted in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center. Children aged from 5 to 7y whom were diagnosed with CEL and underwent phacoemulsification with scleral-fixated posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and their parents were enrolled in this study. All of them completed the child and proxy (parental) PedsQL™ 4.0 before and after the surgery. Their preoperative scores were compared to their postoperative ones. Subgroup analyses were performed based on gender and preoperative bilateral presenting visual acuity of the children. Thirty-two children with CEL successfully underwent surgery without any complications, among whom 8 had monocular surgery and 24 had binocular surgery. Preoperative and postoperative questionnaires were completed by 32 child-parent pairs. Surgical intervention could significantly improve the vision of affected children (P<0.001). The medians of physical, psychosocial and total health scores self-reported by the children were 68.75 (62.50, 81.25), 65.00 (60.00, 80.00) and 67.39 (60.87, 78.26) preoperatively and were 93.75 (87.50, 100.00), 90.00 (83.33, 96.67) and 89.13 (85.32, 95.65) postoperatively. The preoperative scores of the affected children were significantly lower in all scales than age-matched healthy children (P<0.001). All the postoperative scores were significantly higher than the preoperative scores in affected children and their parents (P<0.001). In the physical functioning evaluation, the preoperative score reported by parents of girls was higher than parents of boys (P=0.041), and the postoperative score of girls was higher than that of boys (P=0.036). CEL is associated with significantly worse quality of life in preschool children. Surgical intervention can significantly improve the HRQoL in affected children from both personal and family perspective.

Association between parental smoking and child exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in Israel

BackgroundEnvironmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in children can cause delayed lung development and lifelong cardiovascular damage. The aim of this study was to measure ETS exposure in children in Israel in 2020–2021 using urinary cotinine (UC) measurements and to assess correlates of ETS exposure, including parental smoking.MethodsIn the framework of the National Human Biomonitoring Program, spot urine samples and questionnaire data were collected from 166 children aged 4–12 years, during the years 2020–2021. We collected urine samples in 233 adults, 69 of whom were parents of children included in the study. Parents of participating children were asked about parental smoking, child’s exposure to ETS and smoking policy at home. Cotinine and creatinine were measured in urine. Creatinine-adjusted and unadjusted urine cotinine (UC) geometric means were calculated. Associations between potential correlates and UC concentrations were analyzed in univariate and multivariate analyses. For 69 child-parent pairs, correlation between child and parental UC was analyzed.ResultsBased on urinary cotinine measurement, 65.2% of children of smokers are exposed to ETS, compared to 20.7% of children in non-smoking families. Greater numbers of smokers living in the home (beta = 1.27, p < 0.01), and low maternal education (beta = − 2.32, p < 0.01) were associated with higher levels of UC in a multivariate analysis. Spearman correlations showed a positive moderate correlation between UC in 69 child–parent pairs (r = 0.52, p < 0.01).ConclusionsIn order to reduce child exposure to ETS, smoking parents should be urgently targeted for smoking cessation and smoke-free home interventions. Further interventions are needed to protect all children from ETS.

Assessing Health-related Quality of Life in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease in Indonesia: A Single Tertiary Hospital Study.

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important patient-reported outcome. However, HRQOL research in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in developing countries is limited. This cross-sectional study involved children with CKD who attended Dr. Sardjito General Hospital between January 2017 and September 2018. In total, 82 child-parent pairs were enrolled. Total HRQOL scores were significantly lower in children with Stages 3a-5 CKD than in children with Stages 1-2 CKD in the child (69.89 vs. 82.12, P = 0.004) and parent questionnaires (72.26 vs. 81.20, P = 0.02). The scores for the physical, school, and social function domains were significantly decreased. This study showed that children with Stages 3a-5 CKD had significantly lower HRQOL scores compared with children in the Stages 1-2 CKD group. Multidisciplinary teams can provide patient-centered and comprehensive management to optimize HRQOL scores during childhood and in future adult life.

Effectiveness of Islamic Spiritual Care Education for Parents on Quality of Life and Chronic Pain of Children with Cancer

Aims: Studies showed that spiritual care is a good mechanism of coping for parents with children suffering from cancer. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of parents’ Islamic spiritual care on pediatric quality of life and chronic pain in children with cancer. Instrument and Methods: A semi-experimental study was performed at Mahak Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Forty-five child-parent pairs were assigned into the experiments (n = 25) and control groups (n = 20). The parents of children with cancer in the intervention group received eight sessions of Islamic spiritual care of the child with cancer lasting between 80–90 minutes. The control group received only routine standard care. All parents completed the Spirituality &amp; Spiritual Sare Rating Scale (SSRS) and all children with cancer completed the pediatric quality of life inventory and Oucherpain scale before and after the interventions. The data was analyzed in SPSS-21. Findings: There was significant difference between attitudes of parents toward spirituality and spiritual care between two groups (F=10.02; P&lt;0.01; η2=0.48). The mean of ‘Spirituality’ in the experimental group was 3.73 at pretest, 4.11 post-test and 4.4three months after the sessions. Also, the results showed that spiritual care training of parents improved the pediatric quality of life. The mean children quality of life in experimental group was 3.39 at pretest, 4.16 post-test and 4.22 three months later (F=12.46; P&lt;0.01; η2=0.41) and hence a decreased pain perception in children with cancer during follow-up. The mean of pain perceived among children with cancer was 8.96 at per-test, 7.42 posttest and 4.89 at follow up. (F=15.33; P&lt;0.01; η2=0.33). Conclusions: The results showed that spiritual care training of parents increases their attitude toward spiritual care for their children. In this regard, the impact of current training increases pediatric quality of life and reduces the intensity of pain among children with cancer.

The Schooling of Forced Immigrant Afghan Youths in Iran: A Study of the Factors Leading to Exclusion

This article presents the results of a qualitative study which aims to better understand the educational paths of young Afghans in Iran. We conducted individual interviews with five child-parent pairs living in Tehran. The participants were invited to describe their families’ migratory experiences and the youths’ academic backgrounds. The interview data revealed that different intertwining factors led to the exclusion of the youths from school. These factors were tied to immigration policies and the youths’ social, familial, and educational environments. The results also showed that the youths were resilient; despite the many obstacles they had faced, they continued their efforts to achieve their academic and professional goals. This research highlights the challenges of welcoming and integrating young refugees in a non-Western context and contributes to the advancement of knowledge about the phenomenon of school exclusion in developing countries.

The Impact of Anemia-Related Early Childhood Caries on Parents’ and Children’s Quality of Life

Background and Objectives: Today, oral diseases are well-known for their effects, not only on daily life but also on quality of life (QoL). Dental caries, especially early childhood caries (ECC), are considered a public health concern as regards their impact on the life quality of children and parents from multiple aspects. The present research was conducted to assess the effect of anemia on oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in terms of children and parents. Materials and Methods: The current study was performed in two independent stages. In the first stage, the Turkish version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS), and in the second stage, the Turkish version of the Parental-Caregivers Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ) were used to measure the effect of anemia-related dental caries among children and parents. SPSS and Jamovi software were used for all calculations, graphs and comparisons. Results: A total of 204 participants (child-parent pairs) were incorporated in the present study. A considerable number of children (81.5%) reported occasional or more frequent oral/dental pain. Secondly, the subscale scores were determined for child symptoms (2.25 ± 0.067), child function (6.8 ± 0.22), child psychology (3.87 ± 0.128), self-image and social interaction (1.74 ± 0.063), parental distress (3.82 ± 0.143), and family function (3.5 ± 0.121). Additionally, more than half of the parents (56.3%) responded "fair" for the health of their children's teeth, lips, jaws and mouth. Similarly, the child's overall well-being was stated as being affected "a lot" by the condition of their child's teeth, lips, jaws or mouth by half of the parents (49.5%). Conclusions: Anemia-related dental caries has a highly negative impact on the quality of life of children and parents according to both of the questionnaires. Therefore, children with high scores should be prioritized for preventive procedures and timely dental treatments.

Child self-report and child-parent agreement regarding health-related quality of life under COVID-19 lockdown in the French Grand Est area

Nearly 1.6 billion of children and young people in more than 190 countries have been affected by school closures under the first lockdown due to the coronavirus disease. This study aimed to investigate child-reported and parent-rated health-related quality of life among 8- to 18-year-olds and the agreement between the children’s assessments and those of their parents during lockdown. A cross-sectional study was conducted among French children living in the Grand Est area. An online survey was used to collect data on the children’s sociodemographics, living environments, education and HRQoL. The latter was assessed with KIDSCREEN-27, which consists of five domains. Sex and age differences in parent ratings and child-reported data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney tests. Child-parent agreement was analyzed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). In total, 471 child-parent pairs from 341 households were included. Compared to European norms, children scored lower on all dimensions during the first lockdown: physical well-being (45.9/49.94 EU), psychological well-being (48.8/49.77 EU), parent relations and autonomy (47.7/49.99 EU), social support and peers (36.4/49.94 EU) and school (48.2/50 EU). Significant child-reported sex and age differences were identified for both psychological and physical well-being dimensions. Moderate to good agreement existed between children’s and parents’ ratings on all KIDSCREEN dimensions (ICC ranged from 0.60 to 0.76). The study suggests the need to focus on children’s social support and peers during epidemics and to consider the children’s self-reported HRQoL. Additional research should be conducted to identify ways of minimizing the gap between mental health needs and the services available and to help more children maintain their physical and mental health during the current crisis.

Immunization Status in Children with Cerebral Palsy and Their Household Members, and Parental Beliefs and Attitudes About Childhood, Adulthood, and COVID-19 Immunizations

Objective: To assess the immunization rate of the vaccines included in the Turkish National Immunization Program (NIP) among children with cerebral palsy (CP) and their households and to analyze parental beliefs and knowledge about vaccines and attitudes toward childhood, adult, and COVID-19 immunizations. Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included children aged 3-10 years with a diagnosis of spastic CP. The initial face-toface interview with parents of children collected data on their children’s immunization rates, beliefs, and knowledge about vaccines, and parents were given information about adult immunization. Approximately one year after the initial interview, mothers were interviewed by telephone about the immunization rates of mothers, fathers, and grandparents and their COVID-19 vaccine acceptance or hesitancy. Numbers and percentages were presented as descriptive statistics. Results: Sixty-eight child-parent pairs participated in the first interview, and 67 mothers participated in the second interview. According to NIP, all children with CP and their siblings had been fully vaccinated on time. 70.6% of mothers had a positive belief toward childhood immunizations. None of the parents knew about optional childhood or adult immunizations. None of the parent and grandparent pairs had been vaccinated with vaccines included in the national adult immunization schedule. None of the 64 parent pairs who accepted to receive adult vaccines during the initial interview received the vaccines. 17.9% of parent pairs were detected to have COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy or refusal. Conclusion: National health policies for adult immunization should be developed to provide immunization to households with chronically ill children.

Parental Ability to Assess Pediatric Vital Signs

To evaluate parents' ability to accurately assess their child's heart and respiratory rates (RRs) in the context of potential utility for telehealth visits. In this controlled study of 203 child-parent pairs, parents measured their child's heart rate (HR) using 4 methods: palpation, auscultation, and 2 photoplethysmographic smartphone applications. Parents measured RR by inspecting the child and tapping the smartphone application. The gold standards were electrocardiogram for the HR and the child's breaths measured by a health care professional for 60seconds for the RR. We plotted the measurements using a Bland-Altman plot with 95% limits of agreement. Parents underestimated HR by palpation with a calculated bias of -18 beats per minute (bpm) (SD, 19), with limits of agreement ranging from -56 to 19 bpm. Parents overestimated and underestimated HR by auscultation with limits of agreement ranging from -53 to 46 bpm. Smartphone applications did not improve the accuracy of measurements. The accuracy of parental RR measurements was low. For young children, bias was -0.8 breaths per minute (brpm) (SD, 9.8) with limits of agreement from -20 to 19 brpm, and for older children, bias was 0.9 brpm (SD 7.4) with limits of agreement from 6 to 15 brpm. The sensitivity of parental subjective opinion to recognize accelerated RR was 37% (95% CI, 25%-51%). Parents were not able to assess their child's RR or HR accurately. Digital remote assessment of children should not rely on parental measurements of vital signs.

Predictive factors of statin initiation during childhood in a cohort of 245 child-parent pairs with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Importance of genetic diagnosis

Background and Aims : Children with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) are undertreated despite international guidelines advocating for early statin initiation during childhood; dramatically increasing their risk of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).The objective of the study was to identify childhood and parental factors associated with statin early initiation in HeFH children to promote early treatment.

Effect of Anti-allergic Therapy on Quality of Life in Children with Allergic Conjunctivitis and Their Parents

ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the effect of anti-allergic therapy on quality of life (QoL) in children with allergic conjunctivitis (AC) and their parents. Methods Prospective single-arm intervention study including 55 AC child-parent pairs. The endpoint was that AC was successfully controlled after anti-allergic therapies. The primary outcome was the change in QoL of children from baseline to endpoint as measured by the total Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PesdQL) score. Results The total PedsQL scores of children and parents were improved after treatment (P < .001). QoL improved greater in children with vernal keratoconjunctivitis/atopic keratoconjunctivitis, those without other allergy outside the eye, and those with lower baseline total PedsQL score. Greater improvement of parents’ QoL was associated with longer treating duration, greater improvement of children’s QoL, lower baseline parents’ total PedsQL score, and more severe baseline children’s signs. Conclusion Both pediatric AC patients’ and their parents ‘reduced QoL were improved after anti-allergic therapy. Clinical Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Identifier: ChiCTR2000037866.

Psychometric properties of the Thai version of the Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for 5-year-old children.

As caries prevalence in Thai preschool children is very high and its consequences have scarcely been evaluated, the Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for 5-year-old children (SOHO-5) is considered as an appropriate tool to measure the children's oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). To translate the SOHO-5 into Thai (Th-SOHO-5) and assess its psychometric characteristics. The cross-cultural adaptation of the SOHO-5 into Thai comprised forward-backward translation by experts and face validation by 20 child-parent dyads. To evaluate psychometric properties of the final version, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 306 child-parent pairs using an interview mode for children and a self-administered mode for parents. A trained investigator examined children's caries status. The Th-SOHO-5 showed satisfactory psychometric characteristics. Cronbach's alpha values were above 0.8 for both child and proxy reports. Overall intraclass correlation coefficients were > 0.9. Factor analysis supported a single-factor structure model of the Th-SOHO-5 and showed an excellent fit. Th-SOHO-5 scores were correlated with all global rating scales of oral health and well-being. Children with higher caries experience or caries with pulpal involvement demonstrated significantly higher Th-SOHO-5 scores. The Th-SOHO-5 possessed good reliability and validity. It can be used to evaluate the OHRQoL of preschool children in Thailand.

Parent-child agreement on health-related quality of life: the role of perceived consequences of the child’s chronic illness

Objective We aimed to assess the parent-child agreement on various domains of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a Hungarian pediatric sample. We examined the associations of demographic, illness-specific factors and the perceived consequences of the illness with the parent-child disagreement. Design A cross-sectional study was carried out with child-parent pairs in a heterogeneous pediatric sample (n = 259). Outcome Measures Child and parent versions of Kidscreen-52 and the consequences scale of the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) were applied. We used intraclass correlation coefficients to measure agreement. We computed directional discrepancies as dyadic indexes and applied them in multinomial regression analysis to identify factors influencing agreement. Results Agreement between children and parents on the KIDSCREEN-52 instrument was moderate to good (ICC = 0.41 to 0.66). Significant (p < 0.005) parent-child disagreement was observed on 6 out of 10 dimensions of HRQoL: Parents rated their children’s well-being lower on Physical Well-being, Psychological Well-being, Parent Relations and Home Life, Social Support and Peers, and Financial Resources scales and rated higher on Moods and Emotions compared to child-reported HRQoL. Both parent’s and child’s higher perceived illness consequences made disagreement significantly more likely on various domains. Conclusions Direction of disagreement may draw attention to potentially vulnerable domains of the child’s well-being, like moods and emotions and self-perception.

No Spread of SARS-CoV-2 From Infected Symptomatic Children to Parents: A Prospective Cohort Study in a Controlled Hospital Setting.

Introduction: The transmission rates severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from children to adults are unclear due to a lack of controlled conditions.Materials and Methods: We investigated the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 transmission among 12 discordant child-parent pairs in our ward. In each hospital isolation room, caregivers and children lived in close contact during the entire hospitalization period.Results: A total of 136 swab-positive children (mean age, 3.6 ± 4.9 median age, 1; IQR 0–6.2, range 0.1–17) attended by their caregivers were hospitalized. Of those, 12/136 (8.8%, mean age, 6.1 ± 5.3 median age, 4.5) were attended by caregivers who were swab and serology negative at admission despite previous close contact with positive children at home. Three children were completely dependent on their mothers, one of whom was being breastfed. The mean duration of overall exposure to the index case was 20.5 ± 8.2 days.Conclusion: None of the infected children transmitted SARS-CoV-2 infection to their caregivers, raising the hypothesis of a cluster of resistant mothers or of limited transmission from children to adults despite prolonged exposure and close contact. These data might provide reassurance regarding school openings and offer the chance of investigating SARS-CoV-2 variants in the future under the same quasi-experimental conditions.

Validation of the Lifetime Incidence of Traumatic Events (LITE-S/P) Questionnaires in Children and Adolescents in Slovenia

Introduction: A traumatic event is an extremely threatening and frightening experience in an individual's life. Children who are exposed to traumatic events are twice as likely to develop a mental disorder. Screening can provide insight into the traumatic experience of children, identifying those eligible for further evaluation, and support. With this aim, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the Lifetime Incidence of Traumatic Events questionnaire (LITE) in Slovene by calculating retest reliabilty, construct validity (cross-informant agreement) and external validity, where we calculated the correlation of the number of differenet traumatic events with psychopathological symptoms.Methods: 280 child-parent pairs (children aged 11.3 ± 2.2 years) from various Slovenian primary schools participated in the study. They were divided into two groups: 180 healthy primary school students and 100 children with Type 1 Diabetes (our study was a part of a larger study The Influence of Psychobiological Adversity on Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Study). Two versions of the LITE questionnaire were used. Children completed the child report (LITE-S) and parents the parent report (LITE-P) version. After 4 weeks, 117 children, and 114 parents filled out the LITEs again. External validity was assessed using the Youth Self Report and Child Behaviour Checklist syndrome-oriented scales.Results: Retest reliability for individual scales was r = 0.469–0.639 (ρ = 0.443–0.636; p < 0.001), but higher for individual items (κ = 0.263–0.821; p < 0.001). Correlations between reports from parents and children were r = 0.313–0.345 (ρ = 0.317–0.348; p < 0.001). The number of different events experienced by children correlated significantly with the measured depressive—anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.Conclusions: Based on our results, the LITE-S and LITE-P “All events” scale have acceptable psychometric properties for use in research and in clinical practise screening. We recommend looking at single items, taking into consideration the responses from both the child and the parent for more precise information. To improve the precision of the psychodiagnostic capacity of the questionnaire, further research on various populations should be performed.

Evaluación de la experiencia de niños y padres en un servicio de Pediatría

Background and objectivePediatric patient care implies a duplication of user, the children who receive assistance and their parents. Objectiveto evaluate the perception and compared experience between children seen in pediatric observation and their parents. Patients and methodsCross-sectional study using a survey prior to discharge, to children aged 4-13 years admitted between April 2017 and November 2018 and their parents. A random sample of 125 child-parent pairs was taken. Both groups were compared with the Chi-square test and the child-father agreement with the Kappa index (KI), using SPSS v.25. ResultsOverall satisfaction was 99.2% in children and 100% in adults, with no significant differences between the two (p=0.314). There were also no significant differences between children and parents in the best valued aspects: staff interest (100% and 100%; p=not calculable); treatment of staff (100% and 99.2%; p=0.318); space (99.2% and 99.2%; p=1); information (98.4% and 100%; p=0.993); time with relatives (98.4% and 98.4%; p=0.993); cleaning (98.4% and 97.6%; p=0.651).The worst valued aspects in children: food (83.2% and 93.2%; p=0.016) and entertainment (89.5% and 94.2%; p=0.179); in adults: comfort (96.8% and 90.2%; p=0.036).There was moderate child-parent concordance in speed of attention (IK 0.561; p<0.001), time with relatives (0.492; p<0.001) and entertainment (0.489; p<0.001). In four questions, the IK could not be calculated because there were no dissatisfied adults and / or children. ConclusionsThe global satisfaction of children and adults was high and consistent in most items. Parent surveys reflect the views of children.

Oral health: Epidemiology and concordance in Australian children and parents.

Studying parent-child pair health provides the opportunity to identify risk factors and opportunities for oral health prevention and intervention focusing on the family context. The aim of this study was to describe the oral health of children aged 11-12years and their parents in a national sample of parent-child dyads in Australia. The Child Health CheckPoint is a study of 11 to 12-year-old children and one parent nested within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children, a nationally representative cohort study. In 2015-16, the study collected two-dimensional photographic intra-oral images and was scored using visual assessments of the teeth, oral hygiene and malocclusion. Of the 1874 CheckPoint families, 1396 biological parent-child pairs had at least one oral health measure recorded. Over two-thirds of children had moderate to severe gingival inflammation (69.7%, 95%CI 64.7-74.9). Parents had a lower proportion of poor oral hygiene (2.1%, 95% CI 1.4-3.0) than children (13.0%, 95% CI 11.3-14.9). High concordance was seen in the Modified Gingival Index correlation coefficient 0.49 (95%CI 0.44-0.53). The high concordance in gingival health between child-parent pairs supports the familial and behavioural links established in previous studies. Children had poorer oral hygiene but fewer visible dental caries lesions than their parents. As dental caries is a chronic and cumulative disease, preventive interventions targeting children's oral hygiene are needed.