Child Care Institutions Research Articles

SOCIAL WORK MAKING REPATRIATION A REALITY: A CASE STUDY FROM THE STATE OF PUNJAB

Children’s homes play a crucial role in providing a safe and nurturing environment for vulnerable children. However, several challenges including managing children from diverse backgrounds, addressing the specific needs of children at different developmental stages etc. persist in children’s homes that may compromise the quality of care and the potential positive outcomes for the children. The study examines pertinent issues within children`s homes, drawing attention to systemic flaws, staffing shortages, language barriers, and procedural discrepancies. This study also focused on evaluating the pivotal role of social workers, as they directly engage with the children and act as the primary facilitators for rehabilitation and family reunification processes. The study analyzed secondary data received through a RTI from children home in Hoshiarpur. This data was analyzed to identify trends related to age demographics and the impact of social workers` interventions on these children. The study`s implications extend to policy formulation, practice enhancement, and future research endeavors, advocating for holistic approaches that prioritize children`s rights, needs, and familial connections within the context of child care institutions.

Social and Emotional Skills in at-Risk Adolescents through Participation in Sports.

(1) Background: Adolescents who are under the care of child and youth institutions are vulnerable due to factors that can include disruption to family structure or education and adverse experiences. They often experience poor or unstable support systems, leaving them at risk of delinquency. In this context, sports engagement may provide a stable structure and have positive effects in this population. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions, knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors regarding social and emotional skills among at-risk adolescents, with a specific focus on their engagement in sports. (2) Methods: Ninety-six adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (66 female, 30 male), residing in child and youth care institutions across Italy, Portugal, the UK, and Turkey, participated in this study. The participants were divided into 14 focus groups, each with six to eight participants of similar ages. (3) Results: Thematic analysis revealed four main themes: Emotional causes of behavioral problems; Emotional skills to regain control; Social support makes sports worthwhile; Sport as a socio-emotional resource. (4) Conclusions: The study findings highlight that although sports create many challenging emotional situations for these adolescents, they also provides resources that may help them cope with their emotions within and beyond sports.

Resilience of Muslimah Sex Workers: Fulfilment of Children's Rights Based on Fiqh Hadhanah and The Child Protection Law

This research study aims to further explore and delve into the resilience efforts of Muslimah sex workers in fulfilling their children's rights as mandated by Hadhanah jurisprudence and the Child Protection Law, which has become a living law in society. This is socio-legal research with a case study in Wisata Karaoke (ex-localization), Suko, Malang, Indonesia. The method of data collection used in this study is in-depth interviews with four muslimah prostitutes who have children, observation, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that Muslimah sex workers employ two resilience models in fulfilling their children's rights. The first resilience model involves placing their children in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), considered authoritative childcare institutions. The second resilience model consists of entrusting their children to immediate family members, such as grandparents and aunts, who are perceived to be free from negative influences like promiscuity and alcohol consumption, which are commonly associated with the world of prostitution. Both resilience models are based on mitigation efforts to prevent their children from falling into the same cycle of prostitution as their mothers. This research contributes to becoming new policy material for scholars, government, legislators, and academics in initiating the formation of childcare institutions around ex-localizations as a guarantee of continuity, protection, and fulfillment of the rights of abandoned prostitutes' children.

Self-perceived food literacy among staff in Norwegian childcare institutions

Self-perceived food literacy among staff in Norwegian childcare institutions

SOCIALIZATION OF THE CHILD IN THE CONDITIONS FAMILY-TYPE CHILDREN’S HOME

The article, based on the analysis of theory and practice, characterizes the features of a child’s socialization in the conditions of a family-type orphanage.The peculiarity of the modern stage of society’s development, the contradictions of social relations, the negative effects on the social development of the individual require a deep rethinking of the mission of institutions for the socialization of children in order to create favorable conditions for their social development in modern realities.Today, questions regarding the practical implementation of provisions declared in state documents that define family policy in Ukraine remain partially unresolved. In particular, alternative forms of social protection and family arrangement for orphans – forms of care for children who for certain reasons cannot live with their biological parents (establishment of custody and care, placement in foster families, family-type children’s homes, foster families, children’s institutions with living conditions close to family ones (National strategy for reforming the system of institutional care and upbringing of children for 2017–2026).In modern realities, in conditions of priority attention to each child, one of the important tasks of the state family policy is to solve the problem of orphanhood. First of all, the social phenomenon of orphanhood violates one of the basic rights of the child – the right to family upbringing and parental care, proclaimed by the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.The system of state guardianship of orphans and children deprived of parental care, created for decades, was oriented towards collective forms of child rearing. As a result, the format of social education (in particular, in traditional orphanages) has acquired a number of negative features, first of all, regarding the process of child socialization: children who grow up outside the family adapt much worse in society, as a rule, find it difficult to navigate the role hierarchy social ties, etc.Ukrainian and foreign experience of caring for orphans and children deprived of parental care show that it is family forms of care that are the most effective in various aspects – educational, social, economic.The development of family forms of upbringing, solving the problem of child socialization in the conditions of a family-type orphanage are topical interdisciplinary tasks of the state’s modern social policy, the need for a civilized society and human morality. The identified vital arguments determine the need to find and implement alternative measures and innovative approaches in family policy and the social sphere, which is the subject of further research.

아동양육시설 초등학생들의 기초문해력 실태 조사

The purpose of this study was to examine the level of basic literacy skills among elementary school students in residential child care institution based on their reading development. A total of 118 students participated in the reading screening test. According to the results of the screening test, students with severe reading difficulties were classified as ‘at risk’, students with reading difficulties were classified as ‘some risk’, and students with average and above average reading levels were classified as ‘typical’. The ‘at risk’ students were administered the Korean language acquisition and word recognition tests, while students in the ‘some risk’, and ‘typical’, were administered the reading fluency and comprehension tests. The main research findings are as follows. First, elementary school students in residential child care institution generally showed low levels of basic literacy skills. Second, almost students in the ‘at risk’ group were found to have difficulty in word recognition. Third, students in the ‘some risk’ and ‘typical’ groups were found to have greater difficulty in reading comprehension than reading fluency. Based on these research results, implications for enhancing basic literacy skills of elementary school students in residential child care institution were proposed.

Variation in the Quality of Teacher–Child Interactions in Chinese Toddler Classrooms

ABSTRACT A growing number of toddlers are attending childcare institutions as part of China’s establishment of its infant – toddler childcare service system. However, there is limited empirical evidence available regarding the quality of these childcare services. The purpose of this study is to investigate the quality of teacher – child interactions in Chinese toddler classrooms. Eighty-eight childcare institutions were assessed using the Classroom Assessment Scoring System, Toddler Version (CLASS – Toddler). The findings indicated that, on average, teacher – child interactions were rated as being of moderate quality. The Emotional and Behavioral Support (EBS) domain scored higher quality levels compared to the Engaged Support for Learning (ESL) domain. Multilevel models revealed significant variations in teacher – child interactions across different types of activities. Free play activities demonstrated the highest EBS quality, while whole-group activities ranked the highest in terms of the ESL quality. Moreover, the children-to-teacher ratio was found to predict both the EBS and ESL quality, whereas group size was only associated with the EBS quality. The results from this study have important implications for future research and professional development of Chinese toddler teachers.

Alleinerziehende in der Betreuungsplatzvergabe: Status quo und Handlungsempfehlungen

Abstract Single parents and their children benefit particularly from early childhood education and childcare programmes. Nevertheless, almost a third of single parents in Germany who need childcare for their children under the age of three are unable to find it. Although around 70 % of day care providers claim to take the single-parent criterion into account when allocating slots, the prevailing allocation procedures cannot guarantee that this is implemented. This article shows how transparent allocation criteria can be designed nationwide and how their implementation can be realised through suitable, centralised, municipal allocation systems. Particularly in (western) German regions with a high unmet demand for institutional childcare, single-parent status should be considered as an independent criterion in addition to other factors such as employment and child age.

中国托育服务发展的政策支持与完善路径研究

The childcare service in our country has just started and is faced with many problems and challenges. At present, there are some urgent problems to be solved in the development of childcare services in China, such as the contradiction between supply and demand of childcare services, regional differences in the implementation of childcare service policies, insufficient national and local financial investment and subsidies, unclear responsibilities of management departments, and uneven quality of childcare services. In order to address the negative impact of market-oriented childcare services, the government has included childcare services in the strategic planning of establishing a sound social welfare system. In the path of the development of childcare services, the policy intention of promoting the development of childcare services can be promoted by advocating new and changing childcare institutions, breaking the traditional dual type system of childcare services, implementing price control of childcare services and improving the comprehensive supervision system of childcare services, so as to promote the healthy and rapid development of childcare services in China and meet the needs of society and families.

위탁 어린이집 원장의 현실과 대안 모색

The purpose of this study is to examine the problems of foster daycare centers and to suggest alternatives. Based on the importance of infant education, it was seen that the number of national and public daycare centers and workplace daycare centers increased during reservation integration. There are several problems in operating national, public, and workplace daycare centers, and it was found that there were problems related to reconsignment and instability of the director's status. The problems of the entrusted daycare center and their solutions were presented in two ways. First, it is the instability of the status that comes from the consignment screening process. In order to solve these problems, the director of daycare centers should be recognized as a worker. In addition, national and public daycare centers need to operate by rotating the heads of national and public daycare centers in the region rather than re-entrustment screening, and implement a circular job system so that they can demonstrate their skills. Second, close cooperation with the operating entities related to consignment is required. Related entities are also involved in the operation of daycare centers due to a lack of understanding of childcare work, market economy logic, and corporate logic. In order to solve this problem, various subjects and managers related to daycare centers need to be educated to enhance the importance of childcare work and understanding of the childcare field. Institutional managers and parents need to recognize that daycare centers are not institutions operated by employee welfare, but are specialized childcare institutions that do their best to grow and raise children. It is necessary to change the perception of the mindset to respect and cooperate with childcare teachers, and the subject of the establishment of daycare centers and the trustee should provide parental education in which daycare centers can be recognized as one institution.

An exploratory study of Saudi parents' perceptions and beliefs about institutional and home care for children with disabilities

Quality care is critical to the quality of life and well-being of persons with disabilities. However, children with disabilities face unprecedented challenges which include access to assistive technology and rehabilitative devices, social exclusion, and negative attitudes in their various care settings. The present qualitative study seeks to understand parents' perceptions of home or institutional care for children with disabilities. The study utilized an exploratory qualitative approach paradigm with five focus groups in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. Framework data analysis identified opposing and supporting perspectives for home and institutional-based care. Beneficial aspects of home care relate to cultural upbringing and the opportunity to acquire social and daily living skills. Families believe there are benefits of institutional care because such care settings have specialists and resources to support persons with disabilities. They argue for these resources to be linked to disability cases in families to optimize the development of children with disabilities. The study concluded that a dedicated care team to support families to cater to the needs of their children with disabilities at home is preferred over institutional-based care.

Long-acting Growth Hormone Therapy, Rational and Future Aspects.

Recombinant growth hormone (GH) is administered as daily subcutaneous injections. Daily treatment can be challenging for children/adolescents as well as for parents and/or caregivers (legal representatives, guardians of children in institutional care). Challenges associated with daily treatment may result in missing several doses and non-adherence with treatment leads to inadequate growth response. As an inadequate growth response does not meet criteria for continuing treatment, payers (commercial or public) may decide to end reimbursement. Novel long-acting GH formulations (LAGH) with extended half-life can be administered less frequently and target to improve patient convenience and consequently to improve adherence and responses to treatment. LAGH formulations can restore growth velocity and body composition as effectively as daily treatment, without unexpected adverse effects as reported in randomized clinical trials.

유아동의 창의성 증진을 위한 영상매체 기반 미술놀이 콘텐츠 개발

Objectives The purpose of this study is to prove its suitability and effectiveness by developing contents for children that perform actual activities such as art activities along with video viewing.
 Methods For this, based on the narrative-based, case-based, and problem-based learning elements of contextual learning, a creative fairy tale, “The Postman Bobo”, was produced as a video. In addition, the contents were completed by designing an art activities program to be conducted after watching the video focusing on promoting creativity. After that, six children aged 8 to 10 at a child care institution in D area located in Gyeonggi-do were simulated for the application of the content in the field.
 Results First, the application of video media was effective in understanding the content and inducing voluntary participation before conducting the art activities program. Second, prior to conducting the art activities program, stories or elements that appeared in the video had a positive effect on leading to the art activities program, which had a significant effect on the connection between content and context learning. Third, the video media-based art activities contents was effective in that it was an activity that could have a positive effect on the creativity of children.
 Conclusions This study is meaningful in that it revealed that video media-based art activities program through linkage with context learning are effective in enhancing the creativity of children.

Expressing through Creativity: An Intervention for the Mental Health of Children Living at Child Care Institutions in Goa, India

ABSTRACT Child Care Institutions (CCI) are often considered the best remedy for vulnerable children in India. Research suggests deteriorating mental health of the children residing at CCI and an inadequate mental health infrastructure aggravates this problem. An alternative therapy is vital to improve the current situation. Research confirms the positive effects of Expressive Art Therapy (EAT) for children facing mental health crises. In this paper, we aim to assess the effectiveness of EAT on the mental health, emotion regulation and resilience of these children. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was adopted for this intervention study. Forty-three children from two CCI in Goa participated in this study and were divided in to two groups. Group A (n = 18) received full intervention, whereas Group B (n = 25) received partial intervention. The quantitative analysis of psychometric data Group A showed significant improvement in their overall mental health and resilience scores. The qualitative content analysis of the art materials and interviews of same group supports the quantitative findings. Group B has also shown positive effects on some mental health and resilience constructs. Our findings reiterate the effectiveness of EAT for children in CCI and that this therapy could corroborate in their daily curriculum to promote overall well-being.

Adult Perceptions of Child Adjustment in Institutional versus Family Care in Ghana

Research on institutional child care consistently has documented detrimental developmental outcomes. However, recent work in Ghana revealed a range in patterns of adjustment among children living in institutional care. The developmental patterns of children living in institutional care often were not significantly different from patterns seen among children living in families. A grounded-theory approach was used to understand Ghanaian adults’ perceptions of adjustment of children living in both institutional care and with families, and their beliefs about contributions to positive functioning. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 38 caregivers, social workers, and teachers recruited from the Accra region in Ghana. Thematic analysis of responses was used to identify common themes described in the interviews. Interviews with participants revealed beliefs that children may struggle in one or more areas while still having strengths. Having basic needs met, a stable home, and a high level of adult support were the most common factors believed to contribute to positive functioning in both groups of children. Future studies or interventions targeting these areas will likely gain buy-in from stakeholders.

A Study on Norovirus-Related Research

Norovirus is a major cause of viral diarrhea by foodborne infection. Its rapid mutation is mainly based on gene mutation, recombination. We will analyze from 4 aspects, structure and evolutionary characteristics, epidemic, main detection methods, current preventions. According to the study, pre-school children are vulnerable to norovirus each year in the child-care institutions. And the main detection is through fluorescent RT-PCR, and there are no approved vaccines or specific therapeutics to treat the disease.

Children's injuries in legislated types child-care institutions.

Severe injuries in child-care institutions are an important social issue. However, no reports on this matter have been made in Japan. This study examined trends in severe injuries at child-care institutions, including the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We conducted a serial cross-sectional study and interrupted time-series (ITS) analysis with a linear regression model to assess trends in the incidence rate of severe injuries using Japanese national open data between January or April 2017 and December 2021. Participants were individuals utilizing legislated types child-care institutions. The outcomes were annual and monthly incidence rates of severe injuries in legislated types child-care institutions. The number of legislated types child-care institutions increased from 32,793 facilities in 2017 to 38,666 facilities in 2021, and the number of participants rose from 2,802,228 in 2017 to 3,059,734 in 2021. The annual incidence rate of severe injuries in 2021 was 58.3 cases per 100,000 person-years, which is twofold higher than that in 2017. The ITS for the monthly incidence rate demonstrated an increasing trend before the COVID-19 pandemic. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the monthly incidence rate of severe injuries in legislated types child-care institutions increased. The annual incidence rate in Japan may have also increased during the observation period.

Transmission of food literacy to youth in Norwegian childcare institutions - a qualitative study.

Youth in childcare institutions may have lower levels of food literacy compared to other youth. Food literacy, indicating the ability to plan and prepare meals from scratch, is associated with consuming healthier diets. The objective of this study was to explore how food literacy is transmitted to youth through involvement and participation in food-related activities in Norwegian childcare institutions. Data were collected through qualitative semi-structured interviews with 13 staff and 8 adolescents (>16 years of age) selected by convenient sampling in childcare institutions (n = 6) in South-East Norway. We found that the institutional context provided both opportunities and limitations for transmitting food literacy. The staff tended to prefer a soft approach to transmitting food literacy due to the youth being perceived as vulnerable and a focus on youth autonomy. The youth showed ambivalent interests in participating in food-related activities and wished for their need to decide how much to be involved to be respected. A firm approach was perceived to increase the risk of conflict. Our findings are best interpreted in light of a childcare institution being at the intersect between the homely and public spheres. There was ambivalence among staff between following institutional guidelines and caring for the different needs of residents. Food was often referred to as symbolizing something else in the relationship between staff and youth, such as care, structure, autonomy, and a normal family life. Initiatives aiming at including food literacy in care relations in childcare institutions are recommended.

Digital Marketing Prototype of Electronic Growth Chart (e-KMS)

Currently, Indonesia is facing serious Multiple Nutritional Problems (MGG) with 30.8% stunting and 35.4% obesity rates. The Healthy Growth Card (KMS) serves as an instrument for growth monitoring, particularly related to nutritional status. Growth disturbances, such as malnutrition due to both nutritional deficiencies and excesses, can be detected early by plotting weight on the KMS. Websites are a form of internet marketing and an effective part of digital marketing for disseminating information and promoting products. This research aims to create a prototype for digital marketing electronic Growth Chart (e-KMS). The research employs the software system development method using the Prototype model. The prototype is designed using UML (Unified Modeling Language) and case tools. The digital marketing prototype is a website-based platform with capabilities for promoting and registering online at the Polytechnic Institute of Jember (Polije) Daycare, as well as serving as a Communication Information and Education (CIE) medium for assessing and monitoring the nutritional status of children in the form of e-KMS. Program coding is needed to make the prototype usable as a digital marketing tool for e-KMS, enabling the monitoring of children's growth to be implemented in childcare institutions.

Promoting Resilient Outcomes among Internationally Adopted Children from Child Care Institutes: Role of The Life Story

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the role of the life story in three cases of internationally adopted children in promoting resilient outcomes among these children. Methodology: The pediatric adoption clinic in the department of pediatrics in a tertiary care center facilitates the adoption of children from Government Run Child Care Institutes. The qualitative narrative methodology was used to explore how international adoptive families navigate the adoption process to improve and enhance the probability of optimal adoption outcomes. Descriptions of the qualitative interviews and discussions regarding the families’ experiences and struggles of procuring information and personal stories of the adopting children from India are presented. Verbal consent was taken from all the parents. Results: The Indian Adoption Regulations of 2017 allows for documentation and permission for sharing memory albums and interests of the child with the adoptive families. However, there are instances where the child care institutes do not maintain any records and have little to share with the families leading to feelings of grief and loss postadoption among internationally adopted children. The three families interviewed expressed a desire to maintain an association with the child’s culture and sought guidance on how they could help their adoptive children develop an ethnic identity that supports their psychological well-being. Maintaining records and chronicling the child’s biographic preadoption history is one way to help children to understand their personal stories and develop a stable identity. Conclusions: Adoption agencies and associated professionals should encourage and facilitate all activities that enhance attachment and creates emotional bonds between adoptive parents and the adoptees.