SOCIALIZATION OF THE CHILD IN THE CONDITIONS FAMILY-TYPE CHILDREN’S HOME

Abstract

The article, based on the analysis of theory and practice, characterizes the features of a child’s socialization in the conditions of a family-type orphanage.The peculiarity of the modern stage of society’s development, the contradictions of social relations, the negative effects on the social development of the individual require a deep rethinking of the mission of institutions for the socialization of children in order to create favorable conditions for their social development in modern realities.Today, questions regarding the practical implementation of provisions declared in state documents that define family policy in Ukraine remain partially unresolved. In particular, alternative forms of social protection and family arrangement for orphans – forms of care for children who for certain reasons cannot live with their biological parents (establishment of custody and care, placement in foster families, family-type children’s homes, foster families, children’s institutions with living conditions close to family ones (National strategy for reforming the system of institutional care and upbringing of children for 2017–2026).In modern realities, in conditions of priority attention to each child, one of the important tasks of the state family policy is to solve the problem of orphanhood. First of all, the social phenomenon of orphanhood violates one of the basic rights of the child – the right to family upbringing and parental care, proclaimed by the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.The system of state guardianship of orphans and children deprived of parental care, created for decades, was oriented towards collective forms of child rearing. As a result, the format of social education (in particular, in traditional orphanages) has acquired a number of negative features, first of all, regarding the process of child socialization: children who grow up outside the family adapt much worse in society, as a rule, find it difficult to navigate the role hierarchy social ties, etc.Ukrainian and foreign experience of caring for orphans and children deprived of parental care show that it is family forms of care that are the most effective in various aspects – educational, social, economic.The development of family forms of upbringing, solving the problem of child socialization in the conditions of a family-type orphanage are topical interdisciplinary tasks of the state’s modern social policy, the need for a civilized society and human morality. The identified vital arguments determine the need to find and implement alternative measures and innovative approaches in family policy and the social sphere, which is the subject of further research.