Women Of Childbearing Age Research Articles

Impact of Single-Incision Sling Placement on Female Sexual Function in Women with Stress Urinary Incontinence.

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common condition among women of childbearing age, often requiring surgical intervention. The midurethral sling (MUS), including first-generation tension-free vaginal tapes (TVT) and second-generation transobturator tapes (TOT, TVT-O), has long been the standard treatment. However, both approaches have associated risks, prompting the development of single-incision slings (SIS) as a third option. SIS have proven their efficacy in SUI treatment, but the impact of these slings on female sexual function specifically remains underexplored. A literature search was conducted using PubMed using the keywords "stress urinary incontinence," "midurethral slings," "single-incision slings," "female sexual function," and "dyspareunia." The reviewed studies demonstrated that SIS generally maintain or improve sexual function postoperatively, but with varying impact on specific aspects of sexual function. While coital urinary incontinence often improved or resolved, new or worsened dyspareunia was reported in a significant number of patients. SIS placement for SUI generally preserves or enhances sexual function, though individual aspects, such as dyspareunia, may worsen for some patients. Given that an important goal of SUI treatment is to improve quality of life, it is crucial to identify preoperative factors that will identify patients at risk of developing dyspareunia after surgery or are more likely to experience an improvement in sexual function. Further research is needed to better understand these predictors and optimize surgical outcomes for women undergoing SUI treatment with SIS.

The influence of maternal gestational weight gain on adverse perinatal outcomes

ObjectiveTo analyze the impact of maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) on adverse outcomes for mothers and infants.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted, collecting relevant information on 9,058 singleton pregnancies and newborns from prenatal check-ups and deliveries at Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from 2017 to 2022. The subjects were grouped according to different GWG, and logistic regression was used to analyze the impact of GWG on adverse outcomes, including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), large-for-gestational-age infants (LGA), small-for-gestational-age infants (SGA), and preterm births.ResultsAmong the 9058 participants included in the study, there were 438 cases (4.8%) of HDP, including 266 cases (2.9%) of gestational hypertension and 172 cases (1.9%) of preeclampsia. Additionally, there were 2018 cases (22.3%) of GDM; Among the adverse birth outcomes for newborns, the prevalence was 9.7% for SGA, 9.9% for LGA, 1.4% for early/mid-term preterm births, and 4.2% for late preterm births. After adjusting for confounding factors, the results showed that, excessive GWG was a risk factor for HDP (OR=1.829, P<0.05) and LGA (OR=1.792, P<0.05) compared to the normal gestational weight gain group. Insufficient GWG increased the risk of GDM (OR=2.203, P<0.05), SGA (OR=1.474, P<0.05) and was also a risk factor for early/mid-term preterm infants (OR=3.326, P<0.05) and late preterm infants (OR=1.715, P<0.05).ConclusionExcessive GWG is a risk factor for the occurrence of HDP and LGA, while insufficient GWG increases the risk of GDM, SGA and preterm infants (especially early/mid-term preterm infants). Therefore, it is recommended to strengthen the monitoring of weight changes during pregnancy in women of childbearing age, guide nutritional management during pregnancy, and keep GWG within a reasonable range to prevent adverse outcomes for mothers and infants.

Utilisation of subsidised genetic and genomic testing in a publicly funded healthcare system 2014-2023.

The Australian government subsidises medical services, including several genetic and genomic tests, through a federal funding scheme. We explore trends and variation in the utilisation of the publicly funded genetic and genomic tests over the last decade. We make use of administrative data of the listed genetic and genomic tests from financial year 2014 to 2023. In 2023, 102 genetic and nine genomic tests were publicly subsidised across 65 distinct clinical test indications, up from 32 items across 20 distinct tests in 2014. Service volumes have increased by 50% from 250,881 to 376,140, and benefits paid have risen by 83% from AU$42.0 million to AU$76.8 million. This accounts for 0.3% of the total AU$27.6 billion expenditure on publicly subsidised medical services in 2023. Somatic cancer, rare disease, and reproductive tests are the most prevalent tests. Women of childbearing ages used more services than men, however in nonchildbearing ages, men used more services than women. The current usage of publicly funded genetic and genomic testing within Australia is relatively modest, underscoring challenges in integration to routine clinical practice. However, the recent rapid expansion of subsidised items indicates that investments into genomics research are beginning to yield the evidence necessary to secure public funding for these services.

The Effect of Providing Information About Ca Cerviks via Whatsapp Autoreply on the Interest of Women of Childbearing Age to Conduct IVA Screening at the Bandar Health Center in 2024

The high prevalence of cancer in Indonesia needs to be observed with preventive measures and early detection through Visual Examination of Acetic Acid/IVA test. The low interest of women of childbearing age to do IVA Screening is one of the health problems. Many media have been used by the government and researchers before to socialize cervical cancer prevention to the public. In the digital era, the internet is one of the dominant information media, the most accessed is WhatsApp (95.9%). Researchers use the Whatsapp autoreply feature to provide information about Ca Cervix which can be accessed 24/7. The use of this technology is expected to be useful so that users are motivated to conduct IVA screening. The study used a quasi experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design model. The data were analyzed using the non-parametric statistical test Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test to compare the differences between the pre-test and the post-test and the Mann Whitney U Test to compare the differences between the control group and the experimental group. In the control group, the results of the wilcoxon test pre-test post-test knowledge context showed a-Symp 0.227, at the input information a-Symp 0.916, in the process of providing information a-Symp 0.083 and at Interest a-Symp 0.317, the value was >0.05 Ho was rejected, there was no difference in the pre-test post-test of the control group. In the experimental group, the results of the wilcoxon test pre-test post-test in the context of knowledge, showed a-Symp 0.000, at the input of a-Symp information 0.000, in the process of providing information a-Symp 0.000 and in the interest of a-Symp 0.000, the value <0.05 Ho was accepted, there was a difference in the pre-test post-test of the experimental group. The results of the Mann Whitney U Test showed that A-Symp was 0.000< 0.05 There was a difference in the control group and there was an increase in the experimental group that was given the treatment. The interest of women of childbearing age to do IVA screening can increase after being given information about Ca Cerviks and IVA Test through whatsapp autoreply.

Association between the intake of potentially risky beverages and the occurrence of endometrial polyps: a case–control study

BackgroundThis case–control study aimed to examine the association between the frequency of potentially risky beverage consumption, levels of anxiety, and the prevalence of endometrial polyps.MethodsA total of 418 participants were enrolled in the study, comprising 206 cases and 212 controls. The case group consisted of patients who visited the gynecological clinic at the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and were diagnosed with endometrial polyps (Eps) based on international diagnostic criteria. The control group consisted of women of childbearing age who visited the gynecological clinic with similar clinical symptoms but did not have EPs. Basic information, consumption of potentially risky beverages (PRB), and anxiety levels for both groups were collected through a questionnaire survey. Finally, the relationship between the frequency of PRB consumption, anxiety levels, and the prevalence of EPs was evaluated.ResultsIn this study, we identified a significant positive association between the consumption of PRB and the prevalence of EPs. PRB intake was categorized into three groups based on the cumulative total score: 5–8 for the Low potentially risky beverages (LPRB) intake group, 9–12 for the medium potentially risky beverages (MPRB) intake group, and 13–21 for the high potentially risky beverages (HPRB) intake group. The results revealed that PRB consumption frequency was significantly associated with EPs (OR: 2.348, 95% CI: 1.153–4.78), with higher PRB intake correlating with an increased risk of EPs (p-value: 0.014). However, no significant difference was observed between the LPRB, MPRB, HPRB intake frequency groups and the different levels of anxiety (p-value: 0.793).ConclusionIncreased consumption of PRB was clearly associated with a greater risk of EPs, and over half of the participants exhibited varying degrees of anxiety. These findings suggest that the risk of EPs can be mitigated by controlling beverage intake and highlight the need for increased attention to women’s mental health.Clinical trial registrationNCT06295510.

Nutritional Anemia Reductions Due to Food Fortification Among Women of Childbearing Age: A Literature Review and Bayesian Meta-Analysis.

Food fortification can deliver essential micronutrients to populations at a large scale, thereby reducing nutritional anemia. This study aimed to review and meta-analyze the literature on the impact of wheat flour, maize flour, rice, and oil (singly or combined) fortification on women's (10-49 years) hemoglobin and anemia. A search of 17 databases yielded 2284 results. Longitudinal, pre-post cross-sectional, efficacy, and effectiveness studies were included. Primary outcomes were changes in hemoglobin concentration and anemia prevalence. Studies were synthesized using arm-based network meta-analysis. In women who consumed fortified rice, hemoglobin mean change was 3.24 g/L (95% credibility interval (CrI) 0.9, 5.98), higher than for women in the control, with a 99.1% probability that the true mean difference was > 0. Hemoglobin was 2.08 g/L (95% CrI -0.76, 4.35) higher in women who consumed wheat flour versus control, with a 93.5% probability that the true mean difference was > 0. After rice fortification, anemia prevalence in women was 1.38 percentage points (95% CrI -106.6, 99.2) lower than for control women, with a 51.2% probability that the true mean difference was < 0. Wheat flour fortification decreased anemia prevalence by 1.84 percentage points (95% CrI -93.4, 92.4) with a 52.72% probability that the true mean difference was < 0. The treatment effects of fortified maize flour and fortified oil could not be calculated due to the absence of control arms compared to the intervention arms. Fortified rice and wheat flour appear likely to modestly increase hemoglobin and may also reduce anemia in women of childbearing age.

Risk of postpartum depression in women with allergic disorders: A nationwide cohort study involving 1,017,507 women

BackgroundAllergic symptoms and depression are prevalent ailments in childbearing age women. This study assessed the risk of maternal postpartum depression (PPD) associated with prenatal allergic disorders. MethodsFrom 1,017,507 eligible women of 20–49 years old with singleton live births and 20-week or more gestational age in the birth registry of Taiwan, from 2011 to 2020, we identified cohorts with and without allergic disorders matched by propensity score in the size of 457,826. Cumulative incident PPDs in one year after births were assessed from insurance claims data. Odds ratios (OR) of PPD were measured by each allergic type and multiple types, comparing with the controls. ResultsWith an overall cumulative PPD incidence 1.25-fold higher in the allergic cohort than in the controls (0.69 % versus 0.55 %), the rate was the highest in women with asthma: 0.94 % with an adjusted OR of 1.71 (95 % CI = 1.49–1.95), followed by those with allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis and atopic dermatitis. The rate increased from 0.65 % for those with one allergic disorder to 1.06 % for those with 4 or 5 disorders, and the corresponding adjusted OR increased from 1.17 (95 % CI = 1.10–1.24) to 1.92 (95 % CI = 1.36–2.69). LimitationThe claims data lack detailed information on socio-demographic status, lifestyle, laboratory result, physical activity, and family medical history. ConclusionsWomen with prenatal allergic disorder(s) are at an increased risk of PPD in addition to the impact of pregnancy. Prompt and efficient intervention for PPD prevention is needed for women with allergic disorders, particularly for those with asthma and multiple disorders.

Effects of Chlorpyrifos on gut dysbiosis and barriers integrity in women with a focus on pregnancy and prebiotic intervention: Insights from advanced in vitro human models.

Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a commonly used organophosphate pesticide, poses potential risks to human health, particularly affecting the gut microbiota (GM), intestinal barrier (IB), and blood-brain barrier (BBB). CPF-induced gut dysbiosis compromises the integrity of both the IB and the BBB, leading to increased intestinal permeability, inflammation, and bacterial translocation, all of which may impact neurological health. Although CPF's effects on the GM are documented, limited research explores how these impacts differ in women, particularly during pregnancy. To address this gap, this study investigates CPF's effects using three advanced human in vitro models: the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®) to mimic the gut environment of women of child-bearing age and pregnant women, a Caco-2 model for the IB, and a BBB model to assess CPF's effects and the protective role of the prebiotic inulin. Microbiological analyses of SHIME® supernatants, including bacterial culture and quantification of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and CPF metabolites, were conducted to assess gut composition and pesticide degradation. We also examined the effects of CPF-induced dysbiosis on IB and BBB permeability to FITC-Dextran, focusing on bacterial translocation after 4h of exposure to CPF-treated SHIME® supernatants. Our results revealed significant intestinal imbalance, marked by an increase in potentially pathogenic bacteria in the GM of both non-pregnant and pregnant women exposed to CPF. This dysbiosis led to a significant shift in SCFAs ratio and increased IB permeability and bacterial translocation across the IB, but not the BBB. Notably, inulin supplementation restored GM balance and prevented bacterial translocation, highlighting its potential as a preventive measure against CPF-induced dysbiosis. This study enhances our understanding of the health risks associated with CPF exposure in women, with implications for maternal and fetal health, and underscores the importance of considering physiological states such as pregnancy in toxicological research.

Insights into neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and pregnancy from a single-center study in Thailand

Our study focused on assessing disease and pregnancy outcomes in Thai patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD), a condition that disproportionately affects women of childbearing age and poses risks to both mother and fetus. We retrospectively analyzed eight NMOSD patients with a total of 10 pregnancies from our central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases (CNS-IDDs) registry. Over a 12-months spanning from before pregnancy to 12 months postpartum, we observed 13 relapses, with a notable 76.92% occurring postpartum. The mean annualized relapse rate (ARR) peaked at 1.2 (SD ± 1.93) during specific postpartum intervals (0–3 and 6–9 months postpartum), significantly increasing from 0.20 (SD ± 0.42) in the 12 months before pregnancy (BP) to 1.00 (SD ± 1.49) during the 12 months postpartum (PP). Disability, assessed using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores, worsened from 1.56 (SD ± 2.18) before pregnancy to 2.1 (SD ± 2.63) at six months postpartum. Maternal and fetal complications were prevalent, with six out of nine pregnancies experiencing adverse outcomes such as false labor, premature rupture of membranes, postpartum hemorrhage, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth, stillbirth, and low birth weight. Based on our findings, azathioprine and rituximab may be suitable treatment options for maintaining therapy throughout pregnancy, particularly in cases of high disease activity. Our study highlights the critical need for comprehensive management strategies for NMOSD patients of childbearing age. Preconception planning and counselling, along with early obstetrical consultation and closely monitored treatments during pregnancy and postpartum, are vital to mitigating pregnancy-related relapses and adverse fetal outcomes in this vulnerable patient population.

Successful pregnancy in a complex chromosomal rearrangement carrier using preimplantation genetic testing for structural rearrangements: A case report.

Complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCRs) frequently lead to unfavorable reproductive consequences, such as recurrent miscarriage. Preimplantation genetic testing for structural rearrangements (PGT-SR) has become a successful method for embryo diagnosis in CCR families. A woman of childbearing age experienced repeated miscarriages during her attempts to conceive. A woman was diagnosed with a combined Robertsonian translocation involving chromosomes 13 and 15 (robs[13;15]) and a reciprocal translocation involving chromosomes 10 and 12 (t[10;12]). She had undergone 5 previous embryonic terminations. The couple underwent assisted reproductive technology with ovulation induction using a high-progesterone progestin-primed ovarian stimulation protocol, followed by intracytoplasmic sperm injection and blastocyst culture. Embryo biopsy was carried out on days 5 and 6, and PGT-SR was employed for genetic diagnosis. After aneuploidy detection by PGT-SR, the sole remaining blastocyst underwent preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy for confirmation and subsequent transfer. Prenatal diagnosis and follow-up after birth were conducted. For CCR carriers, particularly couples with a history of recurrent abortion, PGT-SR has the potential to address their reproductive predicament by enhancing their likelihood of achieving a successful pregnancy.

The association between gestational selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment and newborn thyroid screen: a large-scale cohort study

BackgroundThe diagnosis of depression or anxiety treated by SSRIs has become relatively common in women of childbearing age. However, the impact of gestational SSRI treatment on newborn thyroid function is lacking. We explored the impact of gestational SSRI treatment on newborn thyroid function as measured by the National Newborn Screening (NBS) Program and identified contributory factors.MethodsAn observational large-scale study of mother-infant dyads of liveborn infants delivered between 2011 and 2022. The Israeli NBS Program thyroid dataset [total thyroxine (TT4) obtained between 36‐72 h after delivery] was linked with the electronic medical records of mothers and their infants born at Lis Maternity and Women's Hospital, to generate a unified database. The MDClone big data platform was utilized to extract maternal, perinatal, and neonatal characteristics from the medical records of mother-infant dyads. Only term liveborn infants born to mothers without documented thyroid disease and/or chronic medication administration, except for SSRIs, were included in order to minimize potential confounding effects on the infant's thyroid function. Group stratification relied on the documentation of gestational SSRIs treatment. The variables of interest were maternal, pregnancy, delivery, and perinatal characteristics of the mother–infant dyads. Multivariable forward linear regression model was applied to evaluate explanatory variables for newborn total thyroxine (TT4) levels.ResultsOut of 105,928 infant-mother dyads, 2321(2.2%) mothers had been treated with SSRIs during pregnancy. The SSRI-treated mothers were older (34.8 ± 4.7 vs 32.6 ± 4.8 years, p < 0.001) and had a higher pre-pregnancy body mass index (23.4 ± 4.5 vs 22.7 ± 4.1, p < 0.001), but similar mean weight gain (13 kg) during pregnancy. Cesarean delivery was more common among SSRI-treated mothers than in the general population (p < 0.001). Infants of SSRI-treated mothers had lower WHO-classified birthweight z-scores (-0.25 ± 0.93 vs -0.04 ± 0.92, p < 0.001) and a higher rate of small-for-gestational-age infants (13.4% vs 8.2%, p < 0.001). A multivariable forward linear regression model revealed that SSRI treatment during pregnancy was not a significant contributor to TT4 levels (p = 0.497).ConclusionsSSRI treatment during pregnancy had no direct effect upon the newborn's adaptation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroidal axis, but several other maternal and delivery characteristics were revealed to possibly impact newborn thyroid function.

P-1005. Seroepidemiology of Cytomegalovirus, Rubella and Toxoplasma in Women of Childbearing Age in Korea

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of Korean women of childbearing age to define the population susceptible to cytomegalovirus (CMV), rubella, and toxoplasmosis. Methods The results of cytomegalovirus, rubella, and toxoplasma antibody tests performed by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay in women 15-50 years of age at Seoul Clinical Laboratories from 2012 to 2022 were analyzed based on age, year, and region. Results The average positive seroprevalence rate was 92% (256/3,114) for CMV, 91% (405,207/442,998) for rubella, and 5% (819/15,712) for toxoplasma. In the age-group analysis, seroprevalence of CMV increased from 69% in women 15-19 years to ≥98% in 35-50 years of age, whereas seroprevalence of rubella was higher in women 15-39 years (90-93%) than in women 40-50 years (80-89%) of age. There was no change between age groups in seroprevalence of toxoplasma. Conclusion During the past 10 years, there was no significant difference of seroprevalence for CMV, rubella, and toxoplasma according to year or region age in reproductive women in Korea. To prevent and manage congenital infections, monitoring for the changes in seroprevalence of women with childbearing age should be continued. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

P-1374. Syphilis in an American Indian Population: A Descriptive Analysis of Cases

Abstract Background Syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection, caused by the bacterium Treponema subspecies pallidum. Because of its numerous varied clinical presentations, it has earned the term "the great imitator and mimicker." Between 2017 and 2021, syphilis rates in the US increased by 72%, and Oklahoma cases increased by 223%. Further, American Indian/Alaska Natives (AI/AN) are disproportionately burdened by the increase in syphilis rates. The objective of this presentation is to describe demographic characteristics of AI individuals diagnosed with syphilis between 2016 and 2023 within the Cherokee Nation Health Services (CNHS) system. Methods We extracted patient data collected through the CNHS electronic health record system. Individuals were included in this analysis if they had a positive syphilis result from January 1, 2016 through July 1, 2023. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics including counts and percentages. Results Over the study period, 375 individuals were diagnosed with syphilis. The majority of individuals were 34 years or younger (61.5%), 50% of were female, 69.3% had a non-emergency or urgent care healthcare visit within the previous 12 months. About 45% had insurance, and 84% were single. Nearly 85% of individuals resided in a county with a Cherokee Nation clinic and 53.3% received treatment documented in the EHR. Most individuals were diagnosed during the COVID-19 pandemic (75.2%) and 45.1% were diagnosed through the emergency or urgent care departments. About 13% had a diagnosis of HCV, 30% had more than one other STI, and 16% of individuals received HIV PrEP treatment. Conclusion In the Cherokee Nation, syphilis primarily affects women of childbearing age, with a significant portion diagnosed in urgent care and emergency department settings, yet only 53% receive treatment. Investigating the reasons behind such low treatment rates and devising interventions to enhance them will be pivotal in curbing the surge in syphilis cases. Crucially, identifying demographic and other pertinent factors that could pinpoint those vulnerable to syphilis is imperative. Further research should concentrate on delineating risk factors for syphilis in this demographic and implementing preventive measures accordingly. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

P-2351. Assumptions and Realities: Unraveling Varicella Zoster Virus Immunity in Unvaccinated Populations

Abstract Background In countries without universal vaccination for chickenpox in childhood, a very high seroprevalence for varicella zoster virus (VZV) IgG in adults is often assumed. Consequently, some suggest vaccinating at-risk adults against herpes zoster, even if they lack a documented history of chickenpox, under the assumption of immunity. However, this presumption may not accurately reflect today's epidemiological landscape. Neglecting the risk of primary infection post-childhood could lead to severe outcomes in vulnerable adults, pregnant patients, and increase the likelihood of exposure for caregivers, potentially resulting in secondary transmission. Graphic 1. Sample distribution by gender and age group. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on VZV serology among individuals aged 11 and above, from February 2014 to March 2024, who were unvaccinated and lacked known chickenpox history, within a Portuguese hospital. Graphic 2. Varicella Zoster Virus IgG seroprevalence by gender and age group. Results Analysis of 613 patients (68% women, median age 39 years), all with high VZV infection risk due to comorbidities or immunosuppression, revealed an 83.6% VZV IgG positivity rate, increasing with age. Among working age individuals aged 21-60,12% were seronegative for VZV and 19.2% of women of childbearing age 16-40 showed no immunity. Conclusion Although common, the presence of antibodies against VZV is not universal after childhood in unvaccinated populations. Vaccination for herpes zoster is not indicated for the prevention of primary infection, so assuming immunity may fail to prevent it in a population at risk. Prevention of chickenpox relies on specific vaccination, or the use of immunoglobulin when the former is contraindicated, which implies recognition of this susceptibility. Serology remains a useful tool, especially for at-risk individuals and caregivers, and should be considered in women of reproductive age and immunocompromised individuals. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Global burden and trends of severe periodontitis among women of childbearing age, 1990-2021.

The global burden and trend of severe periodontitis, as well as its association with sociodemographic development, among women of childbearing age (WCBA) have been unclear so far. This study aims to assess the epidemiological pattern of severe periodontitis in WCBA from 1990 to 2021 and provide projections through 2040. Data on the incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of severe periodontitis among WCBA from 1990 to 2021 were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021. The Bayesian age-period-cohort model was run to project the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) through 2040. In 2021, an estimated 26,315,786 incident cases, 257,234,399 prevalent cases, and 1,680,425 DALYs were reported globally. From 1990 to 2021, a consistent annual increase in the age-standardized rate of severe periodontitis was observed, and the ASIR is projected to continue to rise until 2040. Additionally, the burden of severe periodontitis demonstrated a downward trend with increasing sociodemographic development. In 2021, age-specific rates of severe periodontitis increased with age, with the most significant changes occurring in younger age groups. The rising global burden of severe periodontitis, along with regional and age variations, highlights the urgent need for innovative prevention and healthcare strategies to reduce this burden among WCBA globally. Women of childbearing age (WCBA) represent nearly a quarter of the global population, yet there is a significant gap in consistent global and regional surveillance data on severe periodontitis in this group. Our study revealed that severe periodontitis among WCBA poses a substantial public health challenge worldwide. From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized rate of severe periodontitis increased globally, with the most significant rise observed in regions with middle socioeconomic development. This condition disproportionately affects women in their prime years, with the fastest growth seen among younger WCBA. It is essential that healthcare providers recognize the gender disparities and societal factors related to socioeconomic development that contribute to the risk of severe periodontitis in this population. To address this issue effectively, it is crucial to develop region- and age-specific prevention strategies, as well as targeted healthcare interventions.

Construction of tetrahedral mesh phantom for Chinese women of childbearing age.

Although the Boundary Representation (BREP) method creates detailed surface phantoms of Chinese women of childbearing age, these phantoms cannot be directly used in Monte Carlo simulations. They must first be converted into voxel phantoms, a process that may diminish some of the inherent advantages of the surface phantoms. Therefore, the aim of this study is to construct a tetrahedral mesh (TM) phantom of Chinese women of childbearing age based on the BREP phantom, incorporating micron-level structural refinements to certain organ tissues while maintaining the original model's structure. This TM phantom can be directly implemented into Monte Carlo codes to calculate the absorbed dose at different photon energies, demonstrating that both the structure and position of organ tissues affect the radiation dose. By achieving more accurate dose assessments, we can optimize radiation protection measures and reduce the potential risks to women of childbearing age.&#xD.

Valproate discontinuation in girls and women of childbearing age with epilepsy: An Italian multicenter retrospective study on prescribing patterns and outcomes.

This study aimed to identify prescribing behaviors in women of childbearing potential (WOCP) with epilepsy already taking valproate (VPA), and to investigate the relationship between VPA maintenance, substitution, reduction, or withdrawal as part of polytherapy, and seizure worsening or relapse. We retrospectively reviewed the prescription behaviors and seizure outcomes in WOCP (16-50 years of age) with epilepsy, referred to eight Italian epilepsy centers, who were taking VPA for at least 1 year between 2014 and 2019. Among 750 women (~12% of all WOCP), 528 (70.4%) maintained VPA unchanged throughout the observation period, 103 (13.7%) replaced VPA with another antiseizure medication (ASM), 90 (12%) reduced VPA, and 29 (3.9%) discontinued VPA in polytherapy. Focal epilepsy was most strongly associated with VPA withdrawal (odds ratio [OR] 2.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.38-6.38), whereas generalized epilepsy was most associated with its non-withdrawal (reduction/switch/maintenance) (OR .31, 95% CI .14-.68). Intellectual disability, higher seizure frequency, and higher VPA doses were linked to VPA continuation. VPA withdrawal from polytherapy was associated with a higher risk of tonic-clonic seizure worsening (OR 2.91, 95% CI 1.09-7.77) compared to non-withdrawal. VPA was rarely withdrawn or substituted in WOCP with epilepsy, in secondary and tertiary care settings following European regulatory restrictions. This likely reflects a population with severe epilepsies where VPA is difficult to replace; whereas women with milder epilepsies likely discontinued VPA earlier, as evidenced by its low overall prescription frequency. Withdrawal of VPA from a polytherapy regimen was associated with a threefold increased risk of seizure exacerbation.

Maternal mental health matters: Indicators for perinatal mental health-A scoping review.

Perinatal mental health disorders are a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in childbearing women. The World Health Organization recommends all women be screened for mental health disorders postnatally and have diagnostic and management services available. There are, however, currently no global indicators in use which measure the status and progress of perinatal mental health. The aim of this scoping review was to identify existing perinatal mental health indicators and propose a core set which could be used at a global level. We used the Global Perinatal Mental Health Theory of Change as the conceptual framework. We found 25 indicators for PMH aligned with the Global Perinatal Mental Health Theory of Change, which were condensed to form a core set of nine indicators These core indicators include the proportion of women with depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, psychosis, or adjustment disorders in the perinatal period; the proportion of women screened for these services; the proportion who have access to services following a positive diagnosis; and, the proportion of healthcare providers trained to provide mental health care. This review forms part of the foundational work for the development of a global monitoring framework which would be able to monitor progress towards the provision of universal high quality perinatal mental health care.

Analysis of the implementation of activities of adolescent girls drinking iron supplement tablets to prevent anemia in West Sumatra Province

The World Health Organization (WHO) has set six global nutrition targets, one of which is to reduce the prevalence of anemia among women of childbearing age by 50%, aiming for a global rate of 18%. According to Indonesia's 2018 Basic Health Research data, the prevalence of anemia in West Sumatra exceeded the national average, reaching 27.6%. This study aims to analyze the implementation of anemia prevention activities among adolescent girls in West Sumatra Province in 2023, focusing on both successful and unsuccessful districts/cities based on the coverage of iron supplement tablet consumption among adolescent girls. This research employed semi-structured interviews and purposive sampling, utilizing appropriate research instruments. Findings indicate that both successful and unsuccessful districts/cities lacked policies formally supporting anemia prevention activities in the form of local regulations. Additionally, differences in health workforce availability between these districts/cities were observed. The presence of Adolescent Health Cadres in schools fulfilled only 7.4% of the required demand. Furthermore, the availability of facilities and infrastructure for hemoglobin testing was hindered by challenges in procuring consumables needed for the tests.

To Study the PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-gynacology disorder affecting many women of childbearing age. Although a part of the involved mechanism in PCOS occurrence is discovered, the exact e. Epigenetics, environmental toxicants, stress, diet as external factors, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and obesity as internal factors were investigated etiology and pathophysiology are not comprehensively understood yet. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) estimation revealed over 116 million women (3.4%) are affected by PCOS worldwide