Chemical Composition Of Tobacco Research Articles

A miniaturized matrix solid-phase dispersion methodology (µMSPD) for determination of β-carboline alkaloids in tobacco samples by UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MSE

Alkaloids play an important role in the chemical composition of tobacco, due to their effects that have led to the global consumption of this commodity. The β-carboline alkaloids present inhibitory action against the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO), which enhances the susceptibility to chemical dependence in smokers. There is a need for scientific studies to ensure the correct identification and quantification of these compounds in tobacco matrices. In this work, we present the development and validation of a microextraction analytical method for determination and quantification of the alkaloids harmaline, harmalol, harmane, harmine, norharmane, and tetrahydroharmine in natural and processed samples of tobacco, employing micro-matrix solid-phase dispersion (μMSPD), ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), and mass spectrometry (MS). The optimized μMSPD procedure employed of 0.01 g of sample, 0.1 g of Discovery® DPA-6S adsorbent, and elution with 2 mL of aqueous 1 % formic acid solution, resulting in a fast, practical, economical, and environmentally friendly technique. Validation of the methodology showed that it presented good linearity (R2 > 0.9945), satisfactory accuracy and precision (in the range from 72 ± 16 % to 109 ± 9 %), and limits of quantification (LOQ) and detection (LOD) in the ranges 0.02–1.0 µg g−1 and 0.01–0.2 µg g−1, respectively. The developed method was applied to tobacco samples, proving to be efficient for determination of β-carboline alkaloids. The compounds harmane and norharmane were quantified in samples of fresh tobacco leaves, cured tobacco leaves, twisted tobacco, and cigarettes. Harmine was only not quantified in the cigarettes.

Qualitative characteristics of thin-cut smoking tobacco and the chemical composition of the smoke of products made from it

Thin-cut smoking tobacco is gaining more and more popularity among consumers of tobacco products. However, this type of product remains poorly understood, including the chemical composition of its smoke. The analysis of the data on the chemical composition of the smoke of smoking tobacco products of various designs is an urgent task from the point of view of assessing the toxic load. It will help further to develop recommendations and suggestions for consumers in the manufacture of these products. The main purpose of this work is to study the effect of the product design (diameter, weight and air permeability of paper) on the chemical composition of smoke and tasting assessment. This article discusses the technological properties of smoking tobacco brands: «Pepe», « Stanley», «Corsar», «Redmont». The chemical composition of tobacco (nicotine, proteins, carbohydrates and pH) was analyzed. The analysis of the composition and breathability of paper for self-rolled cigarettes of the brands «OCB Premium» and «OCB Organic Hemp» used for the manufacture of tobacco products from thin-cut tobacco, of different diameters. The influence of the design features of the products (diameter and weight) was studied on the chemical composition of smoke (nicotine, resin, carbon monoxide). Experimentally, the dependence of the chemical composition of smoke on the air permeability of paper and the design features of thin-cut tobacco products has been established: when using paper with low air permeability and with an increase in the diameter and weight of products, the nicotine content increases by 37,55% and resin by 39,54%. The dependence between the nicotine content in tobacco and nicotine in the smoke of tobacco products from thin-cut tobacco was revealed.

Investigation of Associations Between Rhizosphere Microorganisms and the Chemical Composition of Flue-Cured Tobacco Leaves Using Canonical Correlation Analysis

Canonical correlation analysis was applied to determine the relationship of rhizosphere microorganisms to common chemical components in flue-cured tobacco leaves. The results were as follows: (1) The chemical composition of the tobacco was related to the major microbial physiological groups in the rhizosphere soil. No close relationship was found with the populations of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes. (2) Greater contents of total nitrogen and potassium in tobacco leaves were associated with larger populations of aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria and with smaller populations of aerobic cellulose-decomposing bacteria. In addition, potassium content was also negatively correlated with nitrosobacteria counts but showed no close relationship with the potassium bacteria in the rhizosphere. The nicotine content was associated with greater populations of nitrosobacteria and nitrobacteria, and the content of water-soluble total sugar was positively correlated with the counts of nitrosobacteria.

NAD(P)H oxidase: where there's smoke, there's fire

in industrialized nations such as the United States, tobacco represents the leading cause of deaths, with a majority of these being associated with cardiovascular disease, rather than cancer ([2][1], [20][2]). The vasculature develops an inflammatory and thrombogenic phenotype in response to many

Technological Study on Tobaccos of Basmi Group Variety Grown in Different Regions of Bulgaria

ABSTRACTThe quantities of the origins that are being produced, the varieties of traditionally well-known high quality, respectively, for the time being cannot meet the demands of the tobacco processing companies and of the large international cigarette manufacturers, who purchase these tobaccos. Improvement of zoning and variety re-structuring may lead to the achievement of certain enlargement of the origins. Thus, it will increase the opportunities to provide stable quantities of similar quality tobaccos, of which uniform export batches are prepared. This study aims at making a technological assessment of the quality indicators of varieties of Krumovgrad origin, grown in certain regions in Bulgaria and comparing them to those grown in the traditional regions or the so-called “typical” tobaccos of such sub-group. The comparison of tobacco quality was made on the basis of the assessment of the technological indicators: physical indicators; chemical composition of tobacco and tobacco smoke; “image” taking; organoleptic assessment. It was established keeping of the general character in the expression of the quality of the different varieties of Krumovgrad sub-group variety, grown in the studied regions and as a matter of fact, their assessment didn't demonstrate any significant differences. The influence of the genetic factor (variety) is clearly expressed with the varieties of the origin, i.e. it proved to be adaptive to the new conditions.

Technological Study on Tobaccos of Basmi Group Variety Grown in Different Regions of Bulgaria

ABSTRACTThe need from increasing and stabilization of the production of tobacco origins and varieties of high market demands made us study the opportunities to extend their production. It also refers to Dzhebel origin, known for its traditional high quality. This study aims at making a technological assessment of the quality indicators of varieties of Dzhebel origin, grown in certain regions in our country and comparing them to those grown in the traditional regions or the so-called “typical” tobaccos of such sub-group variety. The study was made on the basis of the assessment of the technological indicators, describing their quality: physical indicators; chemical composition of tobacco; tobacco smoke composition; spectrophotometric assessment; expert's assessment; taste assessment. More significant differences are established between the compared samples at the expert's assessment, as the tobaccos from the “typical” regions prove to have better indicators. When compared to the varieties from “Krumovgrad” origin, the influence of the genetic factor (variety) is less expressed with the varieties from “Dzhebel” origin, i.e. it appears less adaptive to the new conditions.

Qualitative Characteristics of the Bulgarian Oriental Tobaccos

ABSTRACTDiscussed are some questions concerning the consumer properties of the Bulgarian Oriental origins. Investigated is the chemical composition by determination of chemical indicators and quality ratios. Obtained are results about the quality of origins from different quality groups (classes). Presented are conclusions about the chemical composition of tobacco for three production years.

Evaluation of a Tobacco Fractionation Procedure Using Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry Combined with Multivariate Analysis

Abstract This paper presents an evaluation of a fractionation procedure for use with tobacco. Correlation coefficients calculated from the weights of the polymer fractions obtained and data obtained with classical wet-chemical methods show that these parameters have a low resolving power, which precludes any detailed distinction between tobaccos and tobacco-derived fractions. Pyrolysis mass spectrometry combined with multivariate analysis is presented as a promising approach for investigating the variability in the chemical composition of tobacco. Multivariate analysis performed on the pyrolysis mass-spectrometric fingerprints of all tobacco fractions indicates that the differences between the individual tobaccos are smaller than the differences induced by the fractionation procedure. Multivariate analysis of subfiles of the pyrolysis mass-spectrometric fingerprints of separate polymer fractions is an excellent method for classifying tobaccos. Leaf and stem material can easily be distinguished. A further differentiation is made between the flue-cured and Burley-type tobaccos. The strong clustering of tobacco samples after treatment with potassium hydroxide points to a uniform cell-wall skeleton. The greater variability in the ethanolized tobacco samples, and samples subjected to hot-water extraction or amylase digestion, is related to the cytosol characteristics. These fractions appear to reflect both the dissimilarities between the distinct tobacco types and phenotypic variations due to differences in cultural management. Pyrolysis mass spectrometry of the Klason lignin residues points to a large variety of chemical constituents unrelated to lignin. Pyrolysis gas-chromatography mass-spectrometric data on the Klason lignin residues of a Burley tobacco showed that the correlation made between the organic-nitrogen content and the protein content of this fraction might be misleading. As a consequence the maximum value for the lignin content of this tobacco is estimated incorrectly.

Dry matter accumulation, N uptake, and chemical composition of tobacco grown with different N sources at two levels of K

Abstract Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. KY 14) was grown for 5 and 9 days in nutrient solutions containing 3.0 mM N and either 0.1 or 1.0 mM K+. N was supplied either as NO‐ 3 or a mixture of NO‐ 3 and NH+ 4 at 3:1 and 1:1 ratios. Solutions were changed daily to minimize pH changes and nutrient depletion. After 9 days tissue dry weights of plants supplied 0.1 mM K were generally less than plants grown with 1.0 mM K+; ; the presence of NH+ 4 at the low K level did not decrease dry matter accumulation further. Maximum dry matter accumulation occurred at the high K level with 2.25 mM NO‐ 3 and 0.75 mM NH+ 4. Cumulative NO‐ 3 uptake at high K was greater than for low K for the respective N treatments. Cumulative NH+ 4 uptake was not affected by K level or NO‐ 3 to NH+ 4. ratio. Tissue totals cation to anion ratios were not greatly affected and tissue N concentrations in plants receiving both NO‐ 3 and NH+ 3 were generally greater than NO‐ 3 only. These results indicate that short term growth of tobacco see...

Rapid Spectrophotometric Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Tobacco: Part 1: Total Reducing Sugars

AbstractThe log

The chemical composition of tobacco and tobacco smoke.

The chemical composition of tobacco and tobacco smoke.

Chemical Composition of Tobacco in Relation to Leaf‐Burn and Quality1

SynopsisLeaf‐burn of tobacco was significantly related to the leaf constituents in the following order of importance: K(+) > Cl(−) > SO4−S(−) > Mg(−) > NO3−N(−) > total N(−). Magnesium was the only constituent that was significantly related (inversely) to quality.