Charitable Objectives Research Articles

A brief introduction to…

The Royal Society for Public Health (RSPH) offers a training programme accreditation service, which has been developed over a period of nearly twenty years. The focus of this service is to support RSPH's charitable objectives in encouraging best practice in public health, hygiene and wellbeing education. The RSPH Accreditation Service offers organizations an independent evaluation of their training programmes, verifying that they meet their learning objectives, have high standards of training design and support the strategic objectives of the organization. Training programmes we are asked to review, from NHS trusts, social enterprises and voluntary organizations, have a variety of purposes. Some are concerned with staff and workforce development, often providing continuous professional development and training relating to new initiatives and guidelines. Some training programmes provided by charities may be for either professionals or members of the public, raising awareness of particular health issues. The RSPH accreditation service is also available to corporate organizations who train their staff in-house, using training programmes tailored to meet specific business requirements. In some areas, such as the food sector, having competent well trained staff is a legal requirement. Part of the assessment for accreditation includes a review of the content of the programmes against National Occupational Standards, demonstrating to enforcement authorities that staff have undertaken training programmes which meet relevant standards. The accreditation service is also strengthening the business's Corporate Social Responsibility agenda in supporting staff development using quality assured training programmes. Applicants to the scheme have often commented that even making the application for RSPH accreditation has helped them to develop their training programme; for example it challenges whether sufficient thought has been given to the needs of the trainee group, whether the tutors are adequately supported to deliver consistent training, asks how the success of the training programme is going to be judged and the role of the training programme in the organization's overall training strategy. In an increasing complex public health environment, and at a time when training resources are stretched, the RSPH's accreditation service provides the continuity of a valuable reassurance of the quality of training programmes. Case Study: Mental Health First Aid - training programme While most people are aware of common physical health problems, there is a lack of understanding about mental health problems which leads to stigma and prejudice, discouraging those affected from seeking help. People who witness signs of distress in others can be uncertain of how to respond. 'Mental Health First Aid' (MHFA) was developed to provide the non-expert with knowledge of the signs and symptoms of a range of mental health problems and the confidence to intervene and guide the distressed person to sources of professional help. Training courses are suitable for a range of different business and service sectors - for example, training has been provided to staff at John Lewis, strategic outsourcing company MITIE, the police, prison officers and GPs. Mental health first aiders gain confidence and learn a systematic process for recognising the signs and symptoms of mental illness and supporting anyone that may be distressed. They are then able to support their work colleagues, members of the pubic and service users. Excellent training for MHFA instructors is essential to the success of this much needed work and RSPH has accredited the seven day Train the Instructor programme provided by the Mental Health First Aid Community Interest Company. This involved an assessment of all aspects of the programme, from training strategy, objectives and content to an observation of training delivery. …

De la pobreza a la exclusión: implicancias teórico-prácticas pensadas desde Argentina

  The words used to describe aspects of reality and condition categorize the modes of thinking. The term poverty limits a spectrum of issues to promote its socioeconomic dimension bounded theorizing but also modes of social relationship in the growing social boards. The idea of exclusion helps relax the frontiers of poverty by stressing the political nature of it and simultaneously relativizing the boundaries between those who believe not to be poor and those who are designated as such. Both theoretical and practical mastery of the concept of poverty was a function of the configuration of the unjust social structures in Latin America. On it is founded charitable subjects and objects of charity, both on a vision of the social question as merely incidental and not structural. This has its specific details in the Argentine case.

The Multiform Foundations Ordinance of Nevis

The Multiform Foundations Ordinance of Nevis

Charity Law’s Essentials

The boundary between charity and business has become a moving target. Social enterprises, philanthropy divisions of for-profit companies (most notably at Google), and legislation creating hybrid nonprofit/for-profit forms all use business models and practices to mold and pursue charitable objectives. This article asserts that charity law must be streamlined in order to respond to these and other dramatic charitable innovations. My new vision of charity law centers around two essential requirements. First, charity law must continue to demand that charities maintain an other-regarding orientation, pursuing benefits for someone other than their own leaders and managers. Second, existing charity law must be revised and supplemented to mandate that charities utilize group governance. Additionally, this dual focus should be intensified by removing the limits on commercial and political activity that currently clutter charity law. These reforms will enhance charity law’s ability to regulate traditional charities. Moreover, focusing charity law on its essentials will reveal the tools necessary to respond to the exciting developments blurring the boundary between charity and business.

Polio chronicles: Warm Springs and disability politics in the 1930s

During the 1920s and 1930s, disabled polio survivors initiated a campaign which made them active, dissenting subjects in public discourse about disease and disability. Its source was a core of Warm Springs patients who wanted more than a healing refuge. They were well aware of the need to construct a new image of the disabled, and saw the resort's high public profile as a potent weapon in a cultural war to remake popular images of the disabled, whether as pathetic charitable objects or as horrific movie villains. Drawing on their own, disheartening experiences, this group of activists boldly critiqued the medical care offered most disabled patients as well as the training and attitudes of doctors, nurses and physical therapists. Protesting the narrow, medicalized definition of rehabilitation, they provocatively posed the need to "rehabilitate" prejudiced, able-bodied employers and health professionals. And most of all, they consciously designed the polio center at Warm Springs to function not as an inward-looking refuge but as an exemplar of the way polio survivors and other disabled people should be allowed to live, work and love. This story begins and ends in the 1930s. It traces a rise and fall: the rise of an activist community at the rehabilitative center at Warm Springs; and its decline with the creation of the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis (known popularly as the March of Dimes) in 1937.

Charitable according to whom ? The clash between Quebec’s societal values and the law governing the registration of charities

In the course of considering the public’s views on the accommodation of cultural minorities in Quebec, the Bouchard-Taylor Commission has produced a valuable record of the views held by Quebec’s voluntary sector organizations, and the societal values that are important to Quebec. In particular, it has underlined Quebec’s strong commitment to three broad public objects — the advancement of the French language and Quebec culture, the encouragement of interculturalism, and the promotion of secularism — that are not recognized as charitable objects under the common law. The Bouchard-Taylor Commission has therefore provided a timely and relevant backdrop against which to consider the real-life implications of using the common law of charitable trusts to give meaning to the statutory concept of charity (bienfaisance) in Quebec. Based on her observations of the Commission experience, the author suggests that the disjuncture between the law demarcating Quebec’s charitable sector and the social context within which the sector operates has become significant enough to merit a reconsideration of this longstanding approach.

New Medical Challenges during the Scottish Enlightenment. Vol. 78 of Clio Medica (review)

Reviewed by: New Medical Challenges during the Scottish Enlightenment. Vol. 78 of Clio Medica Charles Withers Guenter B. Risse . New Medical Challenges during the Scottish Enlightenment. Vol. 78 of Clio Medica. Wellcome Series in the History of Medicine. Amsterdam: Editions Rodopi, 2005. 386 pp. $96.00, €80.00 (90-420-1814-3). As Guenter Risse tells readers in his introduction, this book is the end note to his career as a historian of medicine of the eighteenth century. It is a fitting coda to his substantial scholarly achievements in the medical history of Scotland in the Enlightenment. Part 1 covers the tensions between charitable and scientific objectives in Edinburgh's Royal Infirmary, and the changing cultures of mannered debate and practical experimentation in Edinburgh's Royal Medical Society, and includes discussions of Brunonianism and of the press and the medical establishment. Part 2 focuses on hygiene and health in relation to Enlightenment notions of virtue, sensibility, and sympathy; on the nature, prominence, and, later, virtual disappearance of ague in Scotland; and on the so-called mill reek, the diseases associated with Scotland's lead miners. In part 3, on medical theory and practice, Risse discusses phthisis as presented in medical casebooks; gynecology and women's bodies; and hysteria (as a largely female condition) and hypochondriasis (as a mainly male one). Risse has long been at home with primary sources relating to Edinburgh's Royal Infirmary, dissertations of the students in Edinburgh's university and Royal Medical Society, and medical casebooks and manuscripts of practitioners, professors, and students. The words and sentiments of the time are subject to detailed [End Page 867] interrogation in clear and informed prose. Each chapter has a summary that, effectively, places the theme in its wider context. The book is both a "medical history from below" and a medical history attentive to civic and institutional context, to geographic factors, and to the complex connections between medical matters and social ones such as diet, health, bodily comportment, and (albeit differently for men than for women) moderation and modesty. It is an important contribution to a social history of Scottish Enlightenment medicine, for here we can trace the debates within institutions, read the notes of anxious bedside physicians, follow disputes in diagnoses, and understand how matters of livelihood and rank, then as now, limited access to health care. And it also provides, if less fully, a medical reading of eighteenth-century Scottish society—in its study of the connections between sympathy and moral virtue, health and regimen in the individual and the body politic; and, importantly, in the chapter on ague especially, in addressing the environmental and social changes that lay behind the virtual disappearance of the disease in Scotland by the late eighteenth century. One of the book's strengths is, paradoxically, also one of its weaknesses: a concentration on the capital city of Edinburgh. Sources of information are scant for other towns and very poor for much of the countryside, but, as Risse himself agrees, claims about Edinburgh may not necessarily apply to all of Scotland or the Scottish Enlightenment. A few quibbles: Readers might wish for a stronger connecting narrative and less overlap between chapters—a common result when a book is compiled from a series of previously published essays. The title is also somewhat unclear: what is the nature of these "new medical challenges"? The book deals less with medical novelty than with the enduring story of physicians battling illness, restricted by their own frailties and by the limits of knowledge and the technological capacities of the age. In addition, the book would have benefited from the inclusion of illustrations, which would have enabled readers to consider how much medicine's changing place gave rise to an iconography of the Scots physician or the hysteric patient, or the extent to which we can trace trends in medical illustration in books and journals, as sketched diagrams. Finally, it is unfortunate that Risse did not take the opportunity to point to avenues for further research and to place the medical Enlightenment firmly in the context of Enlightenment studies generally. Yet he has significantly advanced our understanding of medical history in Enlightenment Scotland and is to be...

Social Investment through Community Enterprise: The Case of Multinational Corporations Involvement in the Development of Nigerian Water Resources

This paper examines the different mechanisms used by multinational corporations (MNCs) in Nigeria seeking to make long-term social investments by meeting the critical challenge of improving water provision. Community enterprise - an increasingly common form of social enterprise, which pursues charitable objectives through business activities - may be the most effective mechanism for building local capacity in a sustainable and accountable way. Traditionally, social investments by MNCs have involved either donations to a charity, which then assumes responsibility for delivering social outcomes, or direct management of social investment in-house. These approaches have been criticized, however, for their limited contribution to local capacity building, their focus on short-term outcomes, and the restricted role that they afford to communities. Partnering with community enterprise, provided there is sufficient local capacity to support it, is the most effective mode of governance through which MNCs can manage social investments in developing countries.

Public Funding, Governance and Passthrough Efficiency in Large UK Charities

This paper provides empirical evidence on how external governance mechanisms (e.g. the reporting and monitoring mandated under government funding contracts) and internal governance mechanisms (e.g. the adoption of corporate governance codes and traditional charity governance mechanisms) are related to the efficiency with which large UK charities meet their charitable spending objects. The evidence indicates that government funding and governance requirements, and traditional charity structures, are positively related to efficiency, whereas the adoption of business‐type corporate governance codes is not.

Portland Press Limited: the year 2001 in review

I am delighted to report that 2001 was an extremely successful year for the Biochemical Society's publishing subsidiary, Portland Press Limited, particularly as my previous report predicted a significant increase in turnover -- it feels very good to have been right! The company achieved a profit on ordinary activities after taxation of £602244 (compared with £337419 in 2000), which was gifted to the Biochemical Society to enable it to carry out its charitable objectives. This excellent performance is a direct result of the investment that was made in information technology (IT) systems and to the successful re-organization of the Portland Customer Services Centre (PCSC), which took place in 2000.

The Carnegie United Kingdom Trust

THE seventeenth annual report of the Carnegie United Kingdom Trust gives, by way of introduction to its record of the events of 1930, a short general survey of the five years 1926–1930 and a statement of the main heads of policy which the trustees have decided to pursue during their fourth quinquennium, 1931–1935. Their operations range over a wide field, shared now with the Pilgrim Trust, of charitable enterprise in Great Britain and Ireland. They give preference among charitable objects to such as are of an experimental and national character and to schemes which are likely to become self-supporting within a reasonable time, since it was the founder's desire to provide means for fostering a perpetual succession of pioneer enterprises calculated to meet new needs as they arise. The fairy-godmother, in fact, whilst guaranteeing her protégées a fair chance of showing their quality and merits, is careful to disclaim all responsibility for their future maintenance.

Charity—Bequest for Patriotic and Charitable Objects—Invalidity

Charity—Bequest for Patriotic and Charitable Objects—Invalidity

Subscriptions. Subscriptions for Charitable Objects. Enforceability of Pledge to Community War Chest

Subscriptions. Subscriptions for Charitable Objects. Enforceability of Pledge to Community War Chest

Reviews of Books

Reviews of Books Get access Church Briefs, or Royal Warrants for Collections for Charitable Objects. By W. A. BEWES. (London: A. & C. Black. 1896.) C. H. FIRTH C. H. FIRTH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XIII, Issue XLIX, January 1898, Pages 165-a–165, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XIII.XLIX.165-a Published: 01 January 1898