Charitable Nonprofits Research Articles

Collaborative research in myositis-related disorders: MIHRA, a global shared community model.

Myositis International Health and Research Collaborative Alliance (MIHRA) is a newly formed purpose-built non-profit charitable research organization dedicated to accelerating international clinical trial readiness, global professional and lay education, career development and rare disease advocacy in IIM-related disorders. In its long form, the name expresses the community's scope of engagement and intent. In its abbreviation, MIHRA, conveys linguistic roots across many languages, that reflects the IIM community's spirit with meanings such as kindness, community, goodness, and peace. MIHRA unites the global multi-disciplinary community of adult and pediatric healthcare professionals, researchers, patient advisors and networks focused on conducting research in and providing care for pediatric and adult IIM-related disorders to ultimately find a cure. MIHRA serves as a resourced platform for collaborative efforts in investigator-initiated projects, consensus guidelines for IIM assessment and treatment, and IIM-specific career development through connecting research networks.MIHRA's infrastructure, mission, programming and operations are designed to address challenges unique to rare disease communities and aspires to contribute toward transformative models of rare disease research such as global expansion and inclusivity, utilization of community resources, streamlining ethics and data-sharing policies to facilitate collaborative research. Herein, summarises MIHRA operational cores, missions, vision, programming and provision of community resources to sustain, accelerate and grow global collaborative research in myositis-related disorders.

The Influence of Perceived Relationship Quality on Donor Behavior in the Context of Charitable Nonprofit Organizations Established by Professional Sport Entities

This research revised and validated the relationship quality construct in professional sport nonprofit organizations. A sequential exploratory mixed-methods design was employed. The qualitative methods identified preliminary themes of donors’ relationship quality perceptions toward professional sport nonprofits. The quantitative methods were employed to refine the relationship quality construct and investigate its influence on donation intention. The revised relationship quality instrument consisted of items measuring trustworthiness, commitment, sympathy, and friendliness. The relationship quality of nonprofit staff members had a stronger impact than that of professional athletes on donation intentions. The findings provide insights and offer practical implications for professional sport nonprofit managers.

Grantmakers make gains on racial diversity, but stall on gender, age and disability

Just as nonprofit charitable organizations are struggling to improve the diversity of their staff, so too are the nation's grantmakers. According to the Council on Foundation's 2022 Grantmaker Salary and Benefits Report, the percentage of U.S. foundations’ full‐time staff that are people of color increased slightly over the last year, but their diversity in terms of age, gender and disability remained static.

Immigrant Women's Experiences of Domestic Violence in Canada: A Qualitative File Audit.

Domestic violence (DV) experienced by immigrant women is a global health concern. Precarious immigration status, language barriers, and discrimination can lead to reluctance in seeking support. Is a non-profit charitable organization and support center for immigrant women. Participants in this study were immigrant women who attended Changing Together. The aim of this study is to illustrate immigrant women's experiences of DV and identify the community services they access. The files of a social worker at Changing Togetherwere audited for this project. There were 1,034 files available to audit. The six steps of thematic analysis were used to create themes from the notes of each file, specifically to answer the question: what are the experiences of immigrant women with domestic violence and what are the services they access through Changing Together? Three themes were developed: Building Independence, Surviving Abuse, and Services to Support Surviving. Building Independence centres on women building solid foundations to start their lives in Canada to support themselves and their families. Surviving Abuse encompasses the hardships women endured for the perceived sake of their children until there was an event leading to the unavoidable need for change. Services to Support Surviving explores the services women accessed through the social worker at Changing Together. This study highlights the complexities of immigrant women enduring DV in a foreign country. The file notes described women's experiences of living with hardships and endurance of challenges. Further research should identify community resources for this population.

Allocating State Authority Over Charitable Nonprofit Organizations

Allocating State Authority Over Charitable Nonprofit Organizations

Social determinants of health—to screen or not to screen? How, when, and what to do next are really the questions.

169 Background: Social determinants of health (SDOH) have a considerable impact on the health outcomes of chronically ill patients. Although the implementation of social needs screening in clinical settings has been studied, patient perspectives of discussing SDOH with health care providers has not been thoroughly investigated. This study sought to explore the experience and perspectives of limited-resource patients with cancer regarding SDOH discussions. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis used data from a nationwide survey distributed in May 2022 by Patient Advocate Foundation (PAF). The survey was fielded via email to patients who received PAF services in 2020. Inclusion criteria included a valid email, aged >19 and a current or previous cancer treatment. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variables. Questions focused on individual experiences with SDOH screening, conversations and expectation around information use and assistance. Results: A total of 481 survey respondents with cancer completed the survey. Most respondents were female (73%), aged 56-75 (52%), household income < $48,000 (66%), and insured (98%); 38% were Black, Indigenous or Persons of Color (BIPOC). The most common cancer types were hematologic (42%) and breast (34%); 30% were diagnosed < 2 years prior and 82% received treatment in past 6 months. One quarter (26%) stopped or delayed care in past 12 months due to cost and 66% reported that social needs interfered with treatment in past 12 months. Two-thirds (64%) reported conversations about social needs in the past 12 months. Transportation (36%), food insecurity (32%) and personal safety were the most cited nonmedical needs. Conversations were most often initiated by nurse/PA (30%), social worker (30%) or doctor (29%) and patients reported being ‘extremely comfortable’ being asked these questions by the same providers; doctor (54%), nurse/PA (48%), social worker (46%). Over half (53%) reported comfort with SDOH information being part of their medical record; 61% wanted to be asked SDOH questions face-to-face. If a social need was identified, patients trusted patient advocacy groups (64%), social worker (61%) and charitable non-profit organizations (49%) to help them locate assistance. Only 21% indicated knowledge of availability of needs navigation services. Conclusions: Although patients are open to sharing social issues with providers, our data suggests that conversations may not be routinely initiated in clinical settings. There is also a need to increase awareness of resources in response to SDOH screening. Challenges in trust and privacy persist when disclosing this information. Achieving health equity requires culturally responsive strategies to embed screening and referrals into workflow to ensure cancer patients’ needs are identified and they are linked to appropriate nonmedical resources and services.

Please Consider Spreading the News of a Targeted Way to Help Ukraine: Caritas TexasRegistered Charitable NonProfit in Texas

Please Consider Spreading the News of a Targeted Way to Help Ukraine: Caritas TexasRegistered Charitable NonProfit in Texas

Research and Monitoring Center "Labor Conflicts", Saint Petersburg Humanitarian University of Trade Unions

This article examines the role of social policy of a city-forming enterprise within the framework of public organizations, city and its residents. When studying the issues of external social policy, the authors analyzed the works by A. Kostin and A.B. Karimov, who considered the social policy of the enterprise as care not only for the enterprise employees, but also for the population of the region, as companies’ investments and activities for the social development of their own personnel, charitable projects of local and federal significance for the needy segments of the population, as well as in various fields of education, culture, and sports. The enterprise's social policy should meet not only the needs of workers who are employed in this organization. If the company's policy is sufficiently developed, it is more likely to find a source of funding represented by sponsors. This allows the enterprise, as well as its internal and external social policy, which meets the interests of employees, society, the city and its residents, to further progress. Therefore, the social policy of the Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works (MMK) is diverse: providing assistance and medical care for the city and its residents, maintaining a healthy lifestyle among citizens living in Magnitogorsk, providing social support for pensioners and disabled people, holding cultural events, supporting public non-profit charitable organizations, providing support to small and medium-sized businesses, preparing pregnant women for future motherhood, helping students in practical training, participating in social projects and charity. Every year, the dynamics of the MMK investments in social policy increases, which allows the company to be competitive in the economic labor market and always be in demand. Thus, enterprises should develop not only an internal social policy, but also an external one for further prosperity of the organization.

Unfair Business Competition and the Tax on Income Destined for Charity: Forty-Six Years Later

Two sectors in American society, private enterprise and the federal government, are widely recognized as playing indispensable institutional roles, and both are in obvious need of revenue to accomplish their respective goals. The importance of a third sector-those institutions broadly subsumed under the classification of private, nonprofit charitable organizations-should not be undervalued relative to the other two, nor should its equally pressing need for revenue be underestimated. Beginning early in American history, private institutions have played a major role in attending to social needs. In contrast to other countries where major institutions attending to social needs are financed and operated by the government, many of the universities, schools, scientific research organizations, hospitals, libraries, museums, symphony orchestras, and social welfare agencies in the United States are voluntarily supported and operated by private citizens.From the very beginning, tax law in the United States has recognized the unique role played by private, nonprofit charitable organizations by affording them exemption from tax. Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code exempts from income tax organizations organized and operated exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, literary, or educational purposes, testing for public safety, or for the prevention of cruelty to children or animals. No part of the net earnings of such organizations may inure to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual.

Barriers to Charitable Nonprofit Access and Advocacy amid a Pandemic: A Case Study of the Louisiana State Legislature

Abstract Research has long established nonprofit organizations’ vital role advocating for the needs of vulnerable populations before legislative policymakers. In the best of times, it is difficult for 501(c)(3) charitable nonprofits employing grassroots advocacy to mobilize vulnerable constituencies to compete with 501(c)(4) and 501(c)(6) advocacy and special interest groups. The latter organizations inherently have greater flexibility and resources to lobby lawmakers directly, permitting greater access to influencing the policy agenda. Through a multi-method case study of the 2020 regular session of the Louisiana State Legislature, this article demonstrates how the COVID-19 pandemic’s unique contextual conditions made legislative advocacy more difficult than usual for charitable nonprofits promoting a progressive policy response to the pandemic within a politically conservative state. Conducted through interviews with nonprofit leaders and an analysis of legislative records and committee hearings, the case study reveals specific barriers that hampered charitable nonprofits’ access to the legislative process, including physical capacity restrictions and health concerns, as well as issues with virtual legislative protocols and conservative committee chairs’ discretion to ignore remote testimony. The article analyzes how these barriers negatively impacted charitable nonprofits’ ability to advocate for vulnerable populations and explores potential implications for equitable political participation and response to the pandemic.

Factors Associated with Oral Cancerous and Precancerous Lesions in an Underserved Community: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Street-involved people with limited access to regular healthcare have an increased risk of developing oral cancer and a lower survival rate. The objective of this study was to measure the prevalence of oral cancerous/precancerous lesions and determine their associated risk factors in a high-risk, underserved population. In this cross-sectional study, English-speaking adults aged 18 years and older living in a marginalized community in Edmonton were recruited from four non-profit charitable organizations. Data were collected through visual oral examinations and a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, and logistic regressions were applied. In total, 322 participants with a mean (SD) age of 49.3 (13.5) years completed the study. Among them, 71.1% were male, 48.1% were aboriginal, and 88.2% were single. The prevalence of oral cancerous lesions was 2.4%, which was higher than the recorded prevalence in Canada (0.014–1.42: 10,000) and in Alberta (0.011–1.13: 10,000). The clinical examinations indicated that 176 (54.7%) participants had clinical inflammatory changes in their oral mucosa. There was a significant association between clinical inflammatory oral lesions and oral cancerous/precancerous lesions (p < 0.001). Simple logistic regression showed that the risk of the presence of oral cancerous/precancerous lesions was two times higher in participants living in a shelter or on the street than in those living alone (OR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.15–3.82; p-value: 0.021). In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the risk of oral cancerous/precancerous lesions was 1.68 times higher in participants living in a shelter or on the street vs. living alone after accounting for multiple predictors (OR = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.19–2.37; p-value: 0.022). The results demonstrated a high prevalence of cancerous/precancerous lesions among the study participants, which was significantly associated with clinical inflammatory oral lesions. The evidence supports the need for developing oral cancer screening and oral health promotion strategies in underserved communities.

Doing Well by Doing Good? – Venture Capital Mission Investments by Charitable Nonprofit Foundations and University Endowments

Doing Well by Doing Good? – Venture Capital Mission Investments by Charitable Nonprofit Foundations and University Endowments

Strategies for Developing Trust in Virtual Project Teams

Organizational leaders often fail to use the trust building strategies necessary for the successful implementation of virtual project teams (VPTs). Grounded in Meyerson et al.’s swift trust theory, the purpose of this qualitative single case study was to explore strategies project team leaders (PTLs) and project management office leaders in charitable nonprofit organizations leverage to effectively develop trust in VPTs. The participants were six PTLs and project management office leaders from a charitable nonprofit organization in the Washington, DC metropolitan area. Data were collected through semi structured interviews and a review of the organizational documentation. Data analysis occurred through a thematic approach. The major themes emerging from the study were trust, leadership, communication, and technology. A key recommendation is for leaders to create an environment conducive to effective communication and the right technology to facilitate the collaboration and work efforts of the team. The implications for positive social change include the potential for nonprofit organizations to effectively utilize VPTs in support of humanitarian and disaster relief projects for the benefit of people and communities around the world.

Pronouns, Positioning, and Persuasion in Top Nonprofits’ Donor Appeals

Despite increased giving in 2019, competition for donations among nonprofits remains high, especially when a charitable organization’s niche overlaps with that of others’. Consequently, nonprofit charitable organizations must tell stories that persuade donors to support their mission and contribute. This study uses positioning theory to examine how websites of the charitable organizations that appeared in Forbes Magazine’s 2019 top 100 charities use storytelling to facilitate their ethos such that they gain support and thus increase their donor base. The results revealed that nonprofits use positioning to establish two types of partnerships: invited and assumed. Furthermore, the coding revealed three primary types of positioning within these partnerships: savior-follower, business partners, and teacher-student. These positions organize and set the parameters for each organization’s story and will not only influence and potentially dictate the speech acts that follow, but also the responsibilities and rights of all those involved.

Regulation of “Classic” Community-Based Charitable Organizations

Abstract Tax-exempt organizations in the United States are, in general, required to file regular reports on their operations with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). These filings represent a significant burden for the filing organizations, are a critical source of information for many observers, and are relied upon by regulators and donors as indicators of the organizations’ commitment to achieving the wide variety of purposes for which the exemptions are granted. This paper recommends that the resources of the IRS be refocused so that greater attention can be paid to complex organizations, while the burden of preparing annual filings by simpler organization is also reduced. More generally, this paper also recommends that new attention be paid to the information collected and to its publication. It argues that the needs of the public and other regulatory agencies are not well-served by the current information and that the limitations on currently available information contribute to misunderstanding of and cynicism about the role of charitable nonprofits in American life.

Outpatient Liaison Palliative Care for Children: Two Years' Experience of Non-profit Charitable Organization

The system of palliative medical care for children in Russia has been actively developing in recent years. It is important to discuss the principles of outpatient palliative care organization in different regions of the country. The experience of creation and operating of outpatient liaison pediatric service based on non-profit charitable foundation is described.

Economic Democracy and Enterprise Form in Finance

This article considers the relative advantages of alternative enterprise forms in finance from the point of view of public accountability. The business corporation is compared to the state agency or authority, the cooperative, the state corporation, and the charitable nonprofit. These forms can be distinguished according to whether they aspire to enhance general electoral democracy or stakeholder democracy and whether their democratic controls operate directly or indirectly. The article suggests that the indirect democratic forms may be more promising than the direct ones. It also argues that the project of democratizing finance depends on the development of practices of multifactor or “dialogic” performance assessment. Such practices must be institutionalized through public or private organizations that extend across firms.

Organizational Determinants of Political Involvement in Trade and Professional Membership Associations

AbstractTrade and business associations and professional membership societies like many other political interest groups in the United States advocate and lobby their interests in the policy arena. Yet, we lack the understanding of how organizational capabilities shape different forms of political engagement in trade and professional associations. Research on the political involvement of tax-exempt organizations has been focused on charitable nonprofits. Studying the elements that underlie political action strategies and tactics of trade and professional associations would expand our understanding of political engagement in the nonprofit sector. In our sample of occupational mutual benefit associations, both resource dependence and institutional factors such as board size, affiliated foundation, tax-exempt status, business classification, and membership type explained the likelihood of political strategies including advocacy, lobbying, grassroots activity, and having a political action committee (PAC). Organizational size characteristics such as budget, staff, and membership size mattered as well.

What Does Innovation Mean to Nonprofit Practitioners? International Insights From Development and Peace-Building Nonprofits

Charitable nonprofits strive to meet their organization’s goals, address external demands, and secure resources to pursue their missions. Management scholars have recommended that nonprofits promote innovation and innovative practices to maximize profits and gain a competitive advantage. However, the voices of nonprofit practitioners who implement this strategy have not been heard. We used data from interviews and focus groups with 47 practitioners representing development and peace-building nonprofits across six continents to probe what innovation means to them. Five themes emerged: (a) experimentation and social transformation, (b) financial sustainability, (c) collective solutions, (d) new means for achieving missions, and (e) adaptations to local contexts. These findings reveal discrepancies in the meaning of innovation between theory and practice. The findings from this study suggests innovation and innovative practices can have different meanings in different sectors. Perspectives on nonprofit innovation are multifaceted, yet the overarching emphasis is finding transformative ways to attain organizational goal(s) for social change.

Assessing Donor Salience and Motivation in Professional Sports from the Stakeholder Perspective

Charitable nonprofit organizations that are established by professional sport entities have gained popularity as a form of philanthropy in the sport industry. However, limited research has addressed the importance of donors and identified motivational factors that encourage donors to contribute to professional sport nonprofit organizations. The current study qualitatively explored the stakeholder salience concept as well as professional sport donor motivation from the standpoints of managers and actual donors of such nonprofit organizations. The findings suggest that stakeholder salience perceptions differ between nonprofit managers and donors. Fan identification, awareness of needs, personal cause involvement, charity image, and community support were identified as primary motivational factors while the perceived effectiveness and altruism were minor donor motivations to support professional sport nonprofits.