Charitable Activities Research Articles

CIVIL SOCIETY INSTITUTIONS: DIFFERENTIATION OF PROFILE CHARACTERISTICS

The subject of the research is conceptual, theoretical and methodological foundations of formation and development of civil society institutions, paying attention to certain spheres of social relations within the framework of functioning of civil society institutions (for example, anti-corruption, penitentiary). Methodology: general and special methods of scientific research were used in this study. The method of comparison was used to summarize the approaches of various researchers on the main dominants of the implementation of the concept of public involvement in solving cases of state and municipal importance. Analysis was used to determine quantitative and qualitative parameters that characterize the specifics of the influence of civil society institutions on social relations in the sphere of corruption prevention and ensuring the rights of prisoners. Induction and deduction were used to identify approaches to the main dominant legal forms of interaction between civil society institutions, state authorities and local self-government. The results of the study showed that the role of civil society institutions in Ukraine has increased due to the institutionalization of public control over the activities of public authorities, the definition of new forms and principles of interaction between the public and public authorities, as well as facilitating the activities of non-governmental organizations. Conclusion. It has been established that the forms of interaction between civil society institutions and state and municipal institutions are regulated exclusively at the level of subordinate acts, or are not defined at all. Attention is drawn to the expediency: the development by individual charitable organizations of their own charitable programs, which will reflect a set of charitable activities aimed at solving problems, relevant to the statutory objectives of the organization in order to structure and openness of their work; formation of public education in the field of combating corruption through the implementation of educational programs; introduction of an additional public institution aimed at the correction and resocialization of prisoners.

How companies use typeface design to engage consumers in charitable activities

AbstractThis research examines how the typeface design in a charitable appeal affects consumers' evaluations of the ad and, in turn, their willingness to engage in the advertised charitable activities. We propose that the typeface's simulation of a handwritten note creates a sense of connectedness to the information sender (e.g., organization, brand), which subsequently increases consumers' willingness to engage in the advertised charitable activities. Six experiments, including laboratory and field studies, provide support for the typeface effect and further support the underlying process by (1) directly examining connectedness, and (2) manipulating brand attachment, showing that a handwritten typeface creates a more positive effect when the viewer is not strongly connected to the brand (vs. having a strong brand attachment). Our findings provide useful guidelines for brand managers, social marketers and charity fundraisers regarding how and when to use a handwritten typeface design.

Forgotten leaders: Chinese Hui Muslim merchants in the Yangzi River region, 1880s–1940s

AbstractBetween the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a commercial network of Chinese Hui Muslims emerged in China's mid and lower Yangzi River region. Through this commercial network, Muslim merchants achieved economic success and positioned themselves as Muslim community leaders and leading reformers of Chinese society. Past scholarship on Chinese Hui Muslims has focused on intellectuals or warlords and missed this important group of Muslim leaders – a group that, with the rising prominence and influence of entrepreneurs in the early twentieth century, had growing political clout. Chen Jingyu, a Muslim merchant from Nanjing, symbolized the culmination of the Muslim commercial network. Indeed, Chen's economic achievements were the direct result of the coordinated effort of Muslim merchants. With sufficient financial backing, Chen then invested in charitable activities and gained unprecedented influence in Muslim communities and Chinese society at large.

Marketing strategies of the female-only gym industry: A case-based industry perspective.

Female customers are an important market for fitness centers. This study aims to examine successful fitness training health models used by female fitness clubs. A case study approach and the interview method were used to collect data (i.e., face-to-face interviews) regarding the marketing strategies of female fitness clubs. Purposive sampling was employed to select executives working at the headquarters of a female-only gym, and semi-structured interviews were conducted to provide a context for fitness behaviors and to discuss the business’ marketing mix. Six managers at Curves (four female and two male) across six different positions were interviewed. This study found that Curves’ most significant difference compared to other private fitness clubs is that it makes women feel comfortable. Through charitable activities combined with promotions, women feel as if the gym empathizes with them. This study is unique in that it is one of the first studies to explore the business model of the female fitness club. In particular, this research suggests that sports organizations should focus their services strategies on female exercise demands. The findings of this study will support the development of marketing strategies to promote the growth of women’s health as a priority within the fitness industry.

Reconceptualizing and reimagining citizenship education in light of youth-led global movements

Citizenship education (CE) has been largely an a-political endeavour reduced to learning primarily about laws and values. Learners were on the receiving end of knowledge but have not been prompted to engage in enacting citizenship beyond some charitable and community activities and more recently environmental ones. However, with the revolutions and mass social and political movements that shock various regions around the world since 2019, there is a need more than ever to reimagine political CE and to rethink with young people the definition and practice of citizenship beyond just reciting some tokenistic values. This Special Issue aims to position CE within this fast-changing and highly politicized environment where youth are playing a major role in ongoing mobilizations. It initiates a critical conversation between the different manifestations and facets of mass social movements led by youth and CE. It also seeks to re-envision the meanings and conceptualizations of CE, inspired by the radical changes happening globally in reclaimed and imagined spaces by young people, as well as the impact of CE on political engagement beyond the traditional confines of nation states and institutions. Our aim is also to understand how youth perceive, formulate and practice active citizenship, and what kind of education young people seek to realize through their mobilization. We seek to understand how young people express notions of citizenship in different modalities of expression, such as art, theatre, music, dance, reclaiming of public spaces, social media, etc.

Pious Causes: The Boundaries between Charity Law and Ecclesiastical Law

Charities increasingly make up the body politic of the Church of England. They include parochial church councils, diocesan boards of finance and national institutions. By April 2024 every chapter of a cathedral will be required to register as a charity. Faithful parishioners put their collection money in gummed envelopes which call for them to add Gift Aid to their donations. Individual churches run foodbanks, drop-in centres, baby and toddler groups, and a whole range of charitable activities. The general public could be forgiven for thinking that ‘the Church of England’ is a national charity. However, it has not always been the case that the work and mission of the Church of England has been through charities, and for much of its history the Church has remained largely independent of charity law. What are the consequences of increasing reliance on charities and where do the boundaries lie between ecclesiastical and canon law on the one hand and charity law on the other?

Do Philanthropic Auditors Provide Higher-Quality Audit Services? Evidence From China

Synopsis The research problem This study investigates whether auditors who participate in philanthropic activities (hereafter “philanthropic auditors”) have stronger incentives to deliver high-quality audits than the auditors who do not participate. Motivation Prior studies call for research that examines the difference in audit quality across individual auditors. In recent years, regulators in developed markets, such as the United States and the European Union, have also promulgated new regulations requiring audit firms or public companies to disclose the names of engagement partners. Another growing body of literature examines the effect of economic agents’ personal traits on their decisions and/or firm policies and practices. By examining the impact of individual auditors’ unobservable personal traits on audit quality, measured through their philanthropic actions, we link and contribute to both streams of the above literature. The test hypotheses We test a null hypothesis in this study: individual auditors’ philanthropic activity is not related to their audit quality. Target population Stakeholders of high-quality auditing including accounting regulators, audit firm partners, and company managers. Adopted methodology Ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions and archival data. Analyses In a sample of more than 19,000 Chinese firm-years from 2008 to 2017, we identified 9.40% of the observations were signed by at least one auditor who contributes either money or time to a charitable activity. We used two measures of audit quality: the propensity to issue modified audit opinions (MAOs) and unsigned abnormal discretionary accruals. Findings First, we find that philanthropic auditors are significantly more likely to issue MAOs than are their non-philanthropic counterparts. Second, they are more likely to issue MAOs to distressed companies but not to financially healthy companies. The higher propensity of philanthropic auditors to issue MAOs indicates higher audit quality rather than a higher level of audit conservatism. Third, financial statements audited by philanthropic auditors contain significantly lower discretionary accruals (DACC). Fourth, to mitigate the concern that endogeneity drives our findings, we implement the propensity score matching (PSM) approach and the client fixed effects model. Our finding that philanthropic auditors provide higher-quality audit services than other auditors holds. Fifth, the main results are robust to the inclusion of other individual auditor characteristics, such as gender, educational background, and political affiliation, and to several proxies for individual auditors’ wealth.

Charitable activities of the Young Men’s Christian Association in the camps of interned Ukrainian soldiers in Poland, 1921

The purpose of the paper is: to reveal the content and forms of charitable aid provided by the Young Men’s Christian Association (UMCA) in the camps of interned Ukrainian soldiers of the UPR Army in Poland during a certain chronological period, as well as to determine its overall amount and impact on the everyday life of camp residents and their family members.
 The research novelty is demonstrated by the all-sided coverage of the whole amount of the YMCA’s activities, whose members initiated a humanitarian aid campaign in the internment camps, thanks to which it became possible to organize a full cultural and educational life of the campers, as well as to satisfy the basic needs of children and women most suffering from hard living conditions of camp life.
 Conclusions: The content of the YMCA support campaign in the camps was material assistance to improve nutrition for children, organization of their special care (creation of kindergartens and maintenance of their staff), and purchase of clothing for children and women, assistance to women in childbirth. At the same time, the Association intensively supported the activities of camp cultural, artistic and educational centers, and in particular amateur theaters, choruses and orchestras. The unconditional merit of the YMCA was the development of sports, for which the latter never spared money – equipping gyms, purchasing special equipment for them. At the same time, the YMCA relied on the development of game sports (football, volleyball, basketball, etc.), participation in which enabled to stabilize the emotional state of the military, forced to spend much of time in camp isolation. But the most important aspect was that the YMCA gave a possibility to the internees to acquire new knowledge and specialties, creating additional opportunities for them to integrate into the socio-economic life of their new countries of residence. Thus, thanks to the YMCA, camp schools and courses became able to fulfil their educational mission, and the internees – to overcome difficulties of the first months of staying in camp isolation.

Prospects for using charity lotteries in social marketing

Background: The purpose of this work is to study the prospects of using charity lotteries as a marketing tool for involving consumers and employees in charitable activities. Methods: The research methodology is based on the principles of the theory of planned behavior by Ajzen. Results: The study confirmed that behavioral intention is correlated with actual behavior. Subjective norms factors have the most significant influence on behavioral intention. Conclusions: Correlation analysis allowed us to establish a weak effect of socio-demographic characteristics (Age, Gender, Capital Status, Ownership of Home, Educational Qualification, Employment, Annual Income) on behavior. The experience of participating in the lottery in the past also turned out to be insignificant. There is reason to believe that Russian consumers' decision to participate in the charity lottery is impulsive or due to pressure from their surroundings.

Effect of social media usage on the cultural identity of rural people: a case study of Bamha village, Egypt

Cultural identity refers to the identical compound of reminiscences, impressions, ideologies, images, idioms, inventions, and ambitions that maintains a human set’s civilizational identity within the framework of what it knows of developments due to its internal dynamism and its ability to communicate or give and take. Social Media’s deep effect on cultural identity is a matter of constant concern. Therefore, the main aim of this research was to recognize the effect of social media on some components of rural people’s cultural identity. This study was conducted on 360 respondents from rural people in Bamha village, Egypt. Our data were collected using a questionnaire in December 2021 and then analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s simple correlation coefficient, chi-square, and the ascending multiple regression correlation analysis model (Stepwise). The results showed that for two-fifths of the respondents (40%) the level of change in cultural identity was high in relation to their use of social media; there is a significant relationship between some independent variables of respondents and the degree of change in their cultural identity. These results have important implications for policy, practice, and subsequent research, the most important of which are: working on developing thinking skills and self-learning among students in schools and universities, as well as the need to activate the role of the media in providing meaningful content that preserves societal values, in addition to employing social media to support community participation of young people on the ground by organizing awareness, volunteer and charitable activities, and finally the need to increase cooperation and coordination between all parties, whether they are media, schools, religious or civil institutions, youth centers, or other institutions to maximize the positive use of social media and to reduce its negative effects.

“DIILA O’ONTO BO WOLU-WOLUWO” (POTRET DISTRIBUSI KEUNTUNGAN OLEH PEDAGANG DI WARUNG MAKAN GORONTALO)

This study aims to reveal the use of profits by food stall entrepreneurs in Gorontalo. The informant determination technique used in this research is purposive sampling. The informants in this research are three food stall entrepreneurs. The type of method used in this research is qualitative. The results show that restaurant traders used a portion of the profits they earned for charitable activities such as giving alms, sharing food, and free basic necessities. The conclusion of this research is that traders use/distribute profits from selling not only to fulfill personal interests, but also to do charity in the form of helping people in need. In the culture of the Gorontalo people, parents (the elders) often give advice about these charitable activities through the expression diila o'onto bo wolu-woluwo/invisible but present. This research provides benefits regarding the presence of the concept of profit accounting based on the value of local wisdom of the Gorontalo community.

Effect of CSR on the Financial Performance of Financial Institutions in Kenya

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an integral path towards realizing vision 2030 and the sustainable goals of the UN, as well as the sustainable development of individual countries. However, in recent years it has become increasingly clear that these goals cannot be achieved without sustainable corporate practices. Previous research seeking determine the effect of CSR on the financial performance of various institutions have yielded different results, leaving geographical, sectorial, and scholarly gaps. This study aimed to discover the effect of CSR on the financial performance of financial institutions in Kenya, as this country lacks a direct association between CSR and corporate financial performance (CFP). We focused on examining the effect of ethical, charitable, and gender-mainstreaming CSR activities on the financial performance of financial institutions in Kirinyaga County. A study population of 300 employees working in the financial institutions in Kirinyaga County was included, and a sample of 171 participants was selected using stratified and systematic sampling techniques. A causal research design was adopted, and data were analyzed using SPSS software. Questionnaires were administered in person to gather primary data. The study found a strong positive relationship between CSR practices and the financial performance of financial institutions and recommends that firms invest more in ethical, charitable, and gender-mainstreaming CSR activities, as such activities positively influence their financial performance.

Criminal responsibility for introductory use of humanitarian aid or one type of fraud

In connection with the imposition of martial law, a number of laws were passed that increased criminal liability for a number of crimes, one of them in the misuse of humanitarian aid allocated to the needs of citizens who are in combat zones or who were forced to leave their homes. permanent residence. The subject of this criminal offense is humanitarian aid, charitable donations and gratuitous aid, the definition of which is given in the Laws of Ukraine "On Humanitarian Aid" and "On Charitable Activities and Charitable Organizations" of 05.07.2012. The provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On Humanitarian Aid" show that humanitarian aid is targeted targeted free aid, which is provided in cash or in kind, in the form of works or services. It should be emphasized that the sale of goods (items) of humanitarian aid; use of charitable donations, free aid for profit; concluding other transactions for the disposal of such property for profit, ie the amount by which the income exceeds the associated costs, as well as the purpose of profit can be proved by proving the actual profit or encroachment. The misappropriation, sale or exchange of other goods for personal gain is considered inappropriate. The key feature is free and useless assistance only to those who need it, or for clearly defined charitable purposes.

Actualization of peacekeeping activity priority directions in the conditions of current Russian-Ukrainian war on the example of police structures of the countries of the world and Ukraine

The issue of the effectiveness of peacekeeping educational processes on the basis of national patriotic education has been updated, taking into account global challenges and threats. It is proposed to create appropriate effective forms of education and science with emphasis on the training and retraining of peacekeeping personnel in the direction of conducting effective trainings, scientific research, lectures on various platforms (online auditoriums, amphitheatres, etc.). The formation of the necessary peacemaking skills is a guarantee of the stability of the state, especially regarding the unification around the solution of such issues as ecocide, genocide, modern states of war, ethnic hatred, racism, violence in the family, regarding the solution of various kinds of conflicts, communication and cooperation with issues of peace and security both in a separate country and in the world.
 Important issues of psychological rehabilitation of military personnel, requirements for peacekeepers, methodological principles that can be adapted to police and other spheres of activity were also considered. In general, the development of professional competences in these areas is very important. Definitions of the terms “charitable activity”, “volunteer activity”, “peacemaking activity” are given, and their relationship is considered. The author’s definition of the concept of peacekeeping police activity is proposed. It is emphasized that the development of an effective model of peacekeeping policy is important for the formation of various branches of legal and social life, the construction of legal norms, sanction policy, which is carried out with the help of humane methods of legal regulation and, in general, concentrates the standards of the culture of behavior, the coherence of free expression of will on the basis of concepts peace, peacemaking, which is reflected in the formation of a legal culture based on the fundamental, universally recognized principles of law.

THE CHARITABLE AND HUMANITARIAN WORK EFFORTS OF THE MUSLIM WORLD LEAGUE

The Muslim World League (MWL) is considered one of the oldest Islamic organizations that took care of charitable and relief work in the Islamic world. Over the past sixty years, it has worked to diversify its charitable, relief and humanitarian activities in line with its position as an organization in support of Muslim peoples. Besides, it has established several subsidiary organizations to handle the task of managing charitable and relief work, such as the International Commission for Relief, Welfare and Development, and the Supreme Council of Mosques, as well as other affiliated organizations that handle religious, cultural and scientific affairs. This article highlights the efforts made by the League in the health, educational, community and relief sectors, by analyzing the League’s official magazine and the periodicals.

Выдающийся военный востоковед, генерал-майор Георгий Алексеевич Арандаренко

The biography of an outstanding military orientalist, Major General Georgy Arandarenko (1846–1908), an outstanding scientist and statesman of the Russian Empire of the second half of the 19th century is presented. The data on his ancient Polish gentry origin from the Yaranda clan of the Brudze coat of arms of Pomyan, about his Zaporozhye ancestors, whose famous representatives were the Cossack hetmans Timofey Arandarenko and Taras Triasilo are given. The main stages of his military-administrative service, his scientific, ethnographic and statistical studies of Russian Turkestan are strudied. Examples of his extensive charitable activities are given. His personal qualities, contribution to the conquest and administration of Turkestan are analyzed.

Prospects for using charity lotteries in social marketing

Background: The purpose of this work is to study the prospects of using charity lotteries as a marketing tool for involving consumers and employees in charitable activities. Methods: The research methodology is based on the principles of the theory of planned behavior by Ajzen. Results: The study confirmed that behavioral intention is correlated with actual behavior. Subjective norms factors have the most significant influence on behavioral intention. Conclusions: Correlation analysis allowed us to establish a weak effect of socio-demographic characteristics (Age, Gender, Capital Status, Ownership of Home, Educational Qualification, Employment, Annual Income) on behavior. The experience of participating in the lottery in the past also turned out to be insignificant. There is reason to believe that Russian consumers' decision to participate in the charity lottery is impulsive or due to pressure from their surroundings.

Formation of performance on string-plucked instruments in Kharkiv (based on periodicals of the mid-XIX — early XX centuries)

The purpose of this article is to learn the chronology of introduction in the musical-cultural way of life of Kharkiv of Western European and the Eastern European stringed instruments (zither, guitar, mandolin, balalaika, domra). The study of chronology is aimed at a more active introduction of the facts of use of string-plucked instruments in Kharkiv into the scientific circulation.
 The methodology for writing this article is the combination of comparative, cultural and historical, musicological approaches and methods.
 The result of scientific research of this article is demonstration of chronology of activities in Kharkiv of musicians-tourers, who were performers and teachers of play on the string-plucked instruments. The concert activity of amateur Kharkiv bands was analyzed. The mass implementation of ensembles and orchestras of guitarists — mandolinists — balalaika players in the early XX century is noted. Affinity of formation of such ensembles and orchestras in Kharkiv with Western European ensembles and orchestras is emphasized. The evolution of the development of amateur performance on string-plucked instruments in the largest cultural center of Slobozhanshchyna is traced. The number of names of musicians — tourers and local performers, teachers, heads of visiting professional and Kharkiv amateur groups of the late XIX and early XX centuries is entered into scientific circulation. The combination of Western European and local factors in the distribution and popularization of ensembles and orchestras of guitarists — mandolinists — balalaika players on the territory of Kharkiv was emphasized. Influence of Western European bands and tourers — performers on zither, guitar, mandolin on instillation and consolidation of local amateurs and, subsequently, the first professionals’ interest to the national folk string-plucked instruments is revealed. The increase in the popularity of string-plucked ensembles and orchestras among various social strata of Kharkiv society — apprenticeships, students, workers of various industries, Kharkiv intelligent environment is indicated. The mainly charitable activities of such string-plucked is emphasized. The repertoire of such groups is highlighted.
 The scientific novelty. For the first time, a chronology of the activities of touring musicians — performers on zither, guitar, mandolin and teachers playing these and similar instruments is traced. The concert activity of amateur Kharkiv bands was highlighted and analyzed according to chronology, the mass implementation of ensembles and orchestras of guitarists — mandolinists — balalaika players in the early XX century is noted. The affinity of principles in the compositions of such collectives in Kharkiv with Western European ones is defined.
 The practical significance of the article. The results of the study can be used in lecture courses on the history of folk instrumental performance, the history of the development of folk instruments in Slobozhanshchyna, the history of intercultural relations in the field of musical art.

Multicultural and Religious Values in Senior High School (SMAN 1) Tegaldlimo Banyuwangi

All school residents apply multicultural education values in schools to create a sense of tolerance and respect for students' culture, religion, ethnicity, and economy. It would be nice if the values of multicultural education could be applied through religious culture in schools so that we can know the habituations made by all school residents at senior high school (SMAN 1) Tegaldlimo Banyuwangi. This research uses descriptive qualitative research type of field research. The results of this study are: 1) Building the mutual trust of students through religious culture, namely through a culture of habituation to learning in the classroom and direct learning in schools. 2) Maintain a mutual understanding of students through religious cultures, such as charitable activities that can foster an attitude of cooperation and mutual understanding because they want to help their friends in distress. 3) Upholding the attitude of mutual respect for students through gathering activities at the homes of friends or teachers carrying out holidays and the culture of implementing Sapa, Salim, Salam, Senyum, Sopan (5S) to uphold the attitude of cooperation between students at this State Senior High School.

In Love with Social Order: William Allen and the ‘Science’ and ‘Art’ of Early Nineteenth‐Century British Philanthropy

This article surveys the charitable and humanitarian activities of the Quaker philanthropist William Allen (1770–843), who was at the forefront of several campaigns for the relief and schooling of the poor and labouring classes in Britain and the emancipation and ‘civilisation’ of the enslaved and colonised peoples in the broader empire between the late eighteenth and the mid-nineteenth centuries. By focusing on the first series of Allen's periodical The Philanthropist (1811–19), the essay sheds light on the underlying principles of early nineteenth-century philanthropy as programmatically different from the motivations of traditional private charity. Understood as a political yet nonstate activity, associational philanthropy demarcated the space of civil society as the field where the middle classes, still excluded from the franchise, could impact state legislation and public policies. As they shared the same critical views as political economists on the statutory system of the Poor Laws, these philanthropists played a crucial role in enlarging the ‘scale’ of social policy-making from the parish to the nation in the early nineteenth century. The article argues that even though they were religiously inspired, Allen and his associates understood philanthropy as a secular pursuit aimed at promoting material welfare and incrementing the utilitarian ‘stock of happiness’ of society. As such, philanthropy was even explicitly conceptualised as a ‘social science’, which, being driven by a love for an ordered society rather than for other men, prescribed the policies to be adopted by the ‘art’ of government.