Characterization Of Gold Nanoparticles Research Articles

Green Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles using Mucuna monosperma

The utility of plant-based phytochemicals in general synthesis and engineering of nano-phytomedicine is the association between plant science and nanotechnology that gives intrinsically green approach to nanotechnology referred as green nanotechnology. The present work aims at green synthesis of gold nanoparticles from different concentrations of Mucuna monosperma seed extract and its characterization by methods like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Visible spectrophotometer and Fourier transform infra red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The gold nanoparticles using 4% seed extract showed good stability over other concentrations. Analytical tools like FTIR, UV-Visible spectrophotometer and SEM helped understand the surface properties of the gold nanoparticles. The synthesized gold nanoparticles show spherical shape and also possibilities of L-DOPA from plant coating on it. This opens door to a lot of applications such as a major application in novel drug delivery system (NDDS).

Green method for synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles using Lawsonia inermis seed extract and their photocatalytic activity

In this study, we have prepared polydispersed gold nanoparticles using the aqueous fraction of Lawsonia inermis seed extract by the ultrasound-assisted method. The effective phytocompounds in the aqueous fraction act as both reducing and stabilizing agents in the production of AuNPs. The colour change from pale yellow to purple which indicates the reduction of Au3+ ions to Au0 and the gold surface plasmon resonance band appeared at 546 nm. The shape and size of the synthesized nanoparticles were explored by HR-TEM. The green synthesized AuNPs act as a good nanocatalyst in the methyl orange degradation reaction under visible light in the presence of sodium borohydride.

Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles Using Trisodium Citrate as a Reductant

This research is an experimental study that aims to determine the characteristics of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) synthesized using trisodium citrate as a reducing agent. 0.4 mM HAuCl4 solution was synthesized using Na3C6H5O7 to convert Au3+ to Au0 with several variations of the reducing agent concentration, 3.5%; 5%; 6.5% and 8%. Determination of reaction time was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer with time variations of 1, 5, 15, 30 and 45 minutes. Characterization of the size and lattice of Au-NPs crystals using X-Ray Difraction (XRD) and morphological characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results of the characterization, Au-NPs were produced blackish brown in color, and yields were 66.13%, 89%, 59.63% and 50.30% respectively for trisodium citrate reductant concentrations of 3.5%; 5%; 6.5% and 8%, with an average Au-NPs size of 46.97; 19.06; 50.03 and 39.68 nm, Face Centered Cubic (FCC) Crystal lattice and have a homogeneous morphology.

BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR INTERACTION STUDY WITH METFORMIN

BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR INTERACTION STUDY WITH METFORMIN. Synthesis of gold nanoparticles successfully carried using Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract. In this study, the approach used through green synthesis method is a reaction betwen of the HAuCl4 solution (concentration variation as 3; 5; 7 x 10-4 M) with Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract. Results of UV-Vis showed of gold nanoparticles has a maximum wavelength at 530 nm with absorbance value of 1.4. Results of FTIR shows a shift the absorption peak at wavenumber of 3392 cm-1 to 3404 cm-1. PSA and PZC showed the distribution of gold nanoparticles was 48.84 nm with a charge of 20.5 mV. Gold nanoparticles has a spherical shape and an average particle size of 20 nm which can be seen from the results of the characterization using TEM. XRD showed crystalize size average of gold nanoparticles as 20.47 nm. The interaction between of gold nanoparticles with metformin can be seen in the absorbance decrease of 0.38 at a wavelength of 531 nm and the results of PSA shows an average particle size of AuNPs@metformin is 122 nm. From the characterization data can be concluded the gold nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using natural bioreductors by utilizing secondary metabolites from Imperata cylindrica L leaf extract.

Accurate Determination and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles Based on Single Particle-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry

Abstract An accurate determination method for gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) number concentration and size was developed based on single particle-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS). Influencing parameters such as different calculation methods of transport efficiency, dwell time, dispersing agent and injection mode were investigated and optimized. The transport efficiency has a greater impact on the accuracy of the measurement result, and it should be selected according to the measured target parameters. It was important to keep the stability of the transport efficiency and use the calibration standard calibrating during the measurement process. The dwell time directly affected the precision of result, and the data processing mode should be selected carefully according to the sample type, particle size and other properties. When the dwell time was 0.1 ms, the linear ranges of 30 nm and 60 nm AuNPs were 2–40 pg/g and 10–200 pg/g, respectively, the linear correlation coefficient was greater than 0.9998, the relative standard deviation was less than 3.80%. The detection limits of particle number concentration and particle size were 110 NPs/g and 9 nm, respectively. Four kinds of synthesized AuNPs and international pilot study sample were determined by the established method. The deviation of the number concentration in pilot study from the key comparison reference values was less than 5%. The results were equivalent and the expanded uncertainty was less than 15% (k = 2), which further verified the accuracy and applicability of the method.

Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles by using Ferula persica Willd. gum essential oil: production, characterization and in vitro anti-cancer effects.

Synthesizing and characterization of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) by Ferula persica gum essential oil and investigating in vitro anti-cancer effects. Characterization of NPs was performed. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis were determined on cancerous CT26 and non-cancerous Vero cells using MTT assay and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining, respectively. Clonogenic assay was also performed. The absorption peak in UV-visible spectroscopy was at 530nm. In TEM image, Au NPs were spherical in shape with average size of 37.05nm (78.6nm in DLS analysis). Comparison of the FTIR spectrum of the Au NPs with the essential oil revealed the presence of compounds responsible for reducing and capping the gold ions. XRD pattern showed metal crystal structure. Au NPs exerted dose-dependent cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 0.0024 and 0.0307mg/ml against CT26 and Vero cell lines, respectively. Au NPs induced apoptosis on both cell lines with statistically more intense effect on CT26 cells (P<0.0001). Colony formation of CT26 and Vero cells was also inhibited in comparison to untreated cells (P<0.05). Ferula persica gum can be successfully used for green production of Au NPs. Au NPs show in vitro anti-cancer activity including cytotoxic, apoptotic and antiproliferative effects.

Photo-activated synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles from Punica granatum L. seed oil: An assessment on antioxidant and anticancer properties for functional yoghurt nutraceuticals

Yoghurt is a fermenting milk-based dairy product that has high nutritional benefits. It exhibits not only protection against osteoporosis but also enhances gut microbiota and aids digestion. In order to improve health beneficial aspects of yoghurt, this study was aimed to synthesize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using seeds oil of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and to formulate functional yoghurt for its antioxidant and anticancer properties. The synthesized AuNPs were characterized using UV–Vis spectrophotometer, FT-IR, XRD, EDX, SEM, DLS, and Zeta potential analyzer. The photo-induced synthesis of AuNPs showed particle size and zeta potential of 70 nm and +34 mV, respectively, with unique peak at 525 nm as observed using UV–Vis spectrophotometer. The FT-IR spectrum of AuNPs showed shifts in the functional groups from 3632.27 to 541.899 cm−1, thereby indicating the presence of various functional groups in pomegranate seed oil (PSO) and PSO-capped AuNPs. The AuNPs were observed to be smooth, elongated, and rectangular in shape. The PSO-capped AuNPs based formulation of functional yoghurt revealed DPPH degradation (23.6 ± 1.5 to 62.5 ± 1.8%) and H2O2 scavenging traits (21.6 ± 1.3 to 62.8 ± 1.8%) at varied concentrations. In addition, the PSO-capped AuNPs depicted strong anticancer attributes against lung and colon cancer with the cell viability ranging from 80.3 to 25% and 83.3 to 28.4.2%, respectively. Results concluded that the antioxidative components of PSO might have reduced and formulated AuNPs-based functional yoghurt. This functional yoghurt may reveal pivotal applications in food, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals, especially as antioxidant and anticancer agents.

Green Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles using Ethanolic Turmeric Crude Extract At Neutral Ph

There is a great interest in the development of green protocols to avoid environmental and health hazards. In this research, the eco-friendly and cost-effective synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) has been achieved by the green method using ethanolic turmeric crude extract at pH 7. The bioac-tive compounds of turmeric crude extract are responsible for the reduction, capping and sta-bility of the GNPs. The characterization of GNPs was carried out by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. The UV-vis spectral study indicated the formation of GNPs with a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 547 nm. FTIR analysis of turmeric crude extract and GNPs showed that phenolic groups reduced the gold ions. The FESEM analysis showed the polydisperse morphology of GNPs with average size of 26.6 nm±7.4 nm. The elemental composition determined by EDX re-vealed the presence of gold. The synthesized GNPs can be useful in a variety of applications involving medicine, cosmetics, environment and nutraceutical.

The synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles with polyunsaturated oils contribute to hypolipidemic and anti-obesity activities in vivo.

This study aimed to evaluate the hypolipidemic, and anti-obesity effects of polyunsaturated oils, mixed with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). AuNPs were prepared by the oleic acid pyrolysis method. The sample was characterized by UV spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Sixty adult male rats were divided into 2 main groups. Group one (n=10 rats) was fed on the healthy diet (serves as basic control). The other group was fed on the high fructose diet (HFD) for four weeks and then was divided into five subgroups. 1st subgroup was fed on HFD only, 2nd and 4th subgroups were treated with n-3 PUFAs oils while 3rd and 5th treated with n-3 PUFAs oils mixed with AuNPs. Treatment of obese rats with n-3 PUFAs mixing with AuNPs revealed a significant decrease in in weight gain accompanied by an improvement of lipid profile. Histological examination of the heart indicated a marked improvement in the architecture and marked decrease of relative weight of heart in treated rats. It may be concluded that mixing of PUFAs oils with AuNPs could have the ability to lower weight gain of obese rats and relieved the various biochemical and histological abnormalities resulted due to obesity metabolic disorders.

Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles by Aluminum as a Reducing Agent

The synthesis of nanoparticles (GNPs) from the reduction of HAuCl4 .3H2O by aluminum metal was obtained in aqueous solution with the use of Arabic gum as a stabilizing agent. The GNPs were characterized by TEM, AFM and Zeta potential spectroscopy. The reduction process was monitored over time by measuring ultraviolet spectra at a range of λ 520-525 nm. Also the color changes from yellow to ruby red, shape and size of GNP was studied by TEM. Shape was spherical and the size of particles was (12-17.5) nm. The best results were obtained at pH 6.

Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles from Lobelia Nicotianifolia Leaf Extract and its Biological Activities

Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles from Lobelia Nicotianifolia Leaf Extract and its Biological Activities

Synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles as a sensing tool for the lateral flow immunoassay development

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have acquired an imperative and noteworthy position in the field of clinical diagnostic methodologies and therapeutics. Among the metal nanoparticles, AuNPs have always been the choice of sensor material for the development of optical biosensors. The simple, definitive, and tunable properties of AuNPs are expedient for the development of several applications. Numerous lateral flow immunoassays (LFIs) utilize AuNPs for colorimetric detection of various analytes. Herein, the synthesis of colloidal AuNPs in the size range of 12–68 nm is reported along with the calculation of physicochemical parameters. Size, shape, surface morphology, and charge characterization of the AuNPs were performed using various techniques. The stability of the AuNPs stored in various photo-physical conditions was also studied for 60 days and it was observed that AuNPs are stable in dark and cold conditions for a longer time. The AuNPs of size 30 nm displayed excellent stability and color intensity. The calculation of various physicochemical parameters may assist researchers in selecting the appropriate AuNPs based on specific requirements. Synthesized spherical AuNPs in the colloidal phase possesses the potential for application in the design and development of colorimetric biosensors-based LFIs.

Blending and characterization of gold nanoparticles with omega-3 oils induces antidiabetic, and antioxidant activities in-vivo

The aim of the study is to explore the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) mixed with either flaxseed oil (FLO) or fish oil (FIO). A pyrolysis method was used to prepare AuNPs in oleic acid. The characteristics of the sample were determined by using the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and UV spectroscopy. Male albino rats were divided into two main groups. Group one (n=10 rats) was fed on the basic diet (serves as healthy control). The other group was fed on the high fructose diet (HFD) for four weeks and then was divided into five subgroups. 1st subgroup was fed on HFD only, 2nd and 4th subgroups were fed on HFD mixed with omega-3 oils while 3rd and 5th fed on HFD+ omega-3 oils mixed with AuNPs. Results revealed that there was a significant decrease in glucose level, serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and lipid peroxidation in oils nanoparticles treated groups compared to the HFD group and a significant increase in the homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) and Glutathione (GSH). It can be concluded that AuNPs mixed omega-3 oils have more anti-diabetic, hepatic protection and antioxidant properties than omega-3 oils alone.

Green synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles using endophytic fungi Fusarium solani and its in-vitro anticancer and biomedical applications.

The present study aimed to explore the anticancer potentials of the gold nanoparticles (NPs) obtained by green synthesis method using an endophytic strain Fusarium solani ATLOY – 8 has been isolated from the plant Chonemorpha fragrans. The formation of the NPs was analyzed by UV, FTIR, SEM and XRD. The synthesized NPs showed pink-ruby red colors and high peak plasmon band was observed between 510 and 560 nm. It is observed that intensity of absorption steadily increases the wavelength and band stabilizes at 551 nm. The XRD pattern revealed the angles at 19, 38.32, 46.16, 57.50, and 76.81° respectively. Interestingly, the FTIR band absorption noted at 1413 cm−1, 1041 cm−1 and 690 cm−1 ascribed the presence of amine II bands of protein, C-N and C-H stretching vibrations of the nanoparticles. SEM analysis indicated that the average diameter of the synthesized nanoparticles was between 40 and 45 nm. These NPs showed cytotoxicity on cervical cancer cells (He La) and against human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and the NPs exhibited dose dependent cytotoxic effect. IC50 value was 0.8 ± 0.5 μg/mL on MCF-7 cell line and was found to be 1.3 ± 0.5 μg/mL on MCF-7 cell lines. The synthesized NPs induced apoptosis on these cancer cell lines. The accumulation of apoptotic cells decreased in sub G0 and G1 phase of cell cycle in the MCF-7 cancer cells were found to be 55.13%, 52.11% and 51.10% after 12 h exposure to different concentrations. The results altogether provide an apparent and versatile biomedical application for safer chemotherapeutic agent with little systemic toxicity.

Synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles using fruit extract of Crescentia cujete L

Nanoparticles play important role in biotechnology such as food and drug industries. Gold nanoporticles(Au-NPS) have been wdely used in any drug therapies like drug delivery system for cancer, tumor, and diabetes treatment. Recently, Au-NPS have been devoleped to increase drug selectivity between tumor and normal cells. In the present studies, we use the fresh fruit ekstract (FFE) of crescentia cujete L mediated blue green alga for the synthesis of Au-NPS. The characterization of Au-NPS was carried out by using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Transmission Electron spectroscopy (TEM). UV-VIS spectrometry indicated formation of nanoparticles which produces an intense absorbance peak at 531 nm. FTIR reveales the functional group involved in reduction and stabilization of Au-NPS. TEM have shown the morphology of Au-NPS with mean size 10,11 nm. Keywords: Crescentia cujete; gold nanoparticles; green alga

Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized in Gel and Paper by Electrolysis

In this report, synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from gold leaf by electrolysis in two different media (gel and paper) in presence of sodium chloride (NaCl), glucose (C6H12O6) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) at room temperature were investigated. Graphite was used as two electrodes, NaCl was used as an electrolyte, C6H12O6 was used as reducing agent and PVP was used as stabilizer to control the aggregation of the nanoparticles. UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to confirm the characteristics and morphologies of the synthesized AuNPs.

Fabrication and characterization of gold nanoparticles and fullerene-C60 nanocomposite film at glassy carbon electrode as potential electro-catalyst towards the methanol oxidation

Development of low cost anodic materials and high efficient electro-kinetics of methanol in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) has been a promising approach. However it has not been successfully reached to market from laboratory due to its high cost and low kinetic oxidation. Both issues encounter from one of its main components, the catalyst. Therefore, present work focuses upon the development of new catalyst material and optimization of various most significant influencing parameters of a high performance DMFC. We have developed a nanocomposite material employing gold nanoparticles and fullerene-C60 at glassy carbon electrode (AuNP@reduced-fullerene-C60/GCE) as anode for high performance oxidation of methanol. Fullerene-C60 was manually dropped on pre treated GCE and partially electro-reduced in KOH to make it more conductive. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were deposited on reduced-fullerene-C60 modified electrode using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Electrochemical characterization techniques such as CV, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and chronocoulometry were used to characterize modified electrode. Modified electrode was also characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) for morphological properties. The electrochemical behavior of methanol was performed in alkaline medium using CV and chronoamperometry methods. The results revealed good electrocatalytic performance and better stability than previously reported catalysts using AuNP@reduced-fullerene-C60 catalyst, suggesting making promising anodic material for direct methanol oxidation fuel cell.

Controllable Fabrication and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles: Enhanced Therapeutic Approaches in Cancer

Energy trans-ducting gold nano-particles, with well-being physical, chemical and optical properties for utilization in different types of cancer therapy can be prepared through chemical seed growth reduction method. Gold nano particle is a umbrella term have a variety of size and shape. More regular gold nano-particles can be obtained by reduction of HAuCl4, selection of chemicals and parameters of growth medium are set in accordance with the required category of nano-particles. Nano-particles have longest dimension of 100 nm. Therapeutic treatments like photo-imaging, gene delivery, drug delivery, cell labeling and photo thermal therapy can be done by gold nano particles. They reduce the side effects of conventional therapy due to high target specificity and absorb and scatter specific wavelength of laser. Hyperthermia in cancerous cells is generated without damaging surrounding healthy tissues, cause the cell death by necrosis and apoptosis. The overall morphology of gold nano particles can be characterized by SEM and TEM.

Synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles from Marsdenia tenacissima and its anticancer activity of liver cancer HepG2 cells

Nowadays, the synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from plant based extracts and effects of their anticancer have concerned an important interest. Marsdenia tenacissima (MT), a conventional Chinese herbal medicine, has long been used for thousands of years to treat tracheitis, asthma, rheumatism, etc. In this present study, we optimize the reaction of parameters to manage the nanoparticle size, which was categorized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). A different characterization method, for example, UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed to consider the synthesized AuNPs getting from the MT leaf extract. The MT-AuNPs were analyzed for their cytotoxicity property against HepG2 cells by MTT analysis. The apoptosis was evaluated by using reactive oxygen species (ROS), migration assay, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and apoptotic protein expression. Interestingly, the findings of our study observed the cytotoxicity effect of synthesized MT-AuNPs at a concentration of 59.62 ± 4.37 μg after 24 hrs treatment. Apoptosis was induced by the MT-AuNPs with enhanced ROS, changed MMP and inhibit the migration assay. Finally, the apoptosis was confirmed by the considerable up-regulation of Bax, caspase-9 and caspase-3, while the anti-apoptotic protein expressions of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL were down-regulated. Although, in this studies, we evaluated the characterization, synthesis and anticancer action of gold nanoparticles from MT (MT-AuNPS) helpful for liver cancer therapeutics.

Synthesis and characterization of biocompatible acetaminophen stabilized gold nanoparticles

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are extensively used in the field of biological and biomedical research. The non-toxic, biocompatible AuNPs are widely used in both in vivo and in vitro studies. The toxicity of AuNPs are varied and dependent on the reducing agent, synthesizing method, size and shape. The present study describes the synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles using acetaminophen through the bright sunlight mediated photochemical method and the biocompatibility of synthesized gold nanoparticles were analysed through the in vitro studies. The AuNPs synthesis was carried out in 20 min at biological pH 7.4. The physicochemical properties of acetaminophen stabilized gold nanoparticles (A-AuNPs) were analyzed by the ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The maximum surface plasmon resonance absorption spectrum of acetaminophen stabilized gold nanoparticles was obatained at 529 nm. The electron microscopic observation of A-AuNPs showed spherical shape with the average particle size of 16.5 nm. The in vitro hemocompatibility of A-AuNPs was evaluated by hemolytic assay and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) estimation. The hemolysis was 2.54% and ESR was 11 mm h−1 at a maximum tested concentration of 250 μg ml−1 on human red blood cells (RBCs). The biocompatibility of A-AuNPs was tested on normal Vero and A549 lung cancer cell lines by MTT assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assay and apoptosis analysis by acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr) fluorescence staining. The viability of Vero and A549 cells were 86.24% and 90.44% respectively on treatment with 250 μg ml−1 concentration of A-AuNPs. The LDH assay showed 16.12% and 15.0% leakage from Vero and A549 cells in maximum concentration. Further, the results of apoptosis analysis strongly supported the biocompatibility of A-AuNPs. In summary, the cost effective, one-step synthesized A-AuNPs have good hemocompatibility and biocompatibility prpoperty, therefore they can be safely used in biological applications.