Characterization Of Cell Heterogeneity Research Articles

Breaking New Grounds with Emerging Paradigm of Genomic Signatures and Gene Expressions Generated from Single Cell RNA Transcriptomics: Through Molecular Elucidations and Translational Benefits

Transcriptomics is the science of transcript analysis and comprises a list of strings called reads while Transcriptome is the full range of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules expressed by an organism, or it describes the pool of mRNA transcripts produced in a particular cell or tissue type. As such, this method is called RNA transcriptomics, when focused on the messenger RNA (mRNA) and the inclusion of sequence expositions in the analysis, it is termed RNAsequencing (RNAseq). The capacity to conduct unbiased single cell transcriptomics analysis on a wide scale and knitted to coordinate referencing at the tissue scale, brings synergy to improvement and holistic use of scRNA transcriptomics technique. Also, it reveals various forms of genomic signatures and gene expressions in examined tissues. In biomedical research, scientists have found use for RNAseq in the areas of biomarker discovery, characterization of cell heterogeneity and evolution, drug resistance, characterizing cancer immune micro-environment, immunotherapy, among others. This genomic single cell technology has been applied for studies in several diseases, of which includes neurodegenerative and some infectious diseases/clinical conditions, which remain challenges to man. This technique is breaking grounds and creating new corridors of options for translations in its use to benefit life science research (across animal and crop plants fields) and human health.

Primary rat muscle progenitor cells have decreased proliferation and myotube formation during passages.

Adult skeletal muscle contains populations of satellite cells and muscle-derived stem cells that are capable of forming multinucleate myotubes. The purpose of this study was to determine the phenotype of cells isolated from a common satellite cell isolation and passaging procedure from whole skeletal muscle. To ascertain the characteristics of the cellular phenotype, the myogenic markers MyoD and desmin, the satellite-cell-specific marker Pax7, and the haemopoietic stem cell markers CD34 and CD45 were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. Immediately after isolation, > 90% myogenic marker-positive cells were positive for desmin, MyoD and Pax7. In contrast, approximately 10% of the isolated cells expressed only CD34 or CD45. After three passages, the percentage of cells that were positive for the myogenic markers desmin, MyoD and Pax7 was reduced to approximately 55%, while the population of CD34- or CD45-positive cells increased to approximately 30% after the third passage. Immunohistochemical detection of bromodeoxyuridine demonstrated that the number of proliferating cells decreased progressively after each passaging. Finally, after the third passage the percentage of nuclei in myotubes decreased from 46.7% to 12.5%. Since passaging of muscle progenitor cells is common practice, the results of the current report suggest that characterization of cell heterogeneity needs to be made frequently.