Characteristics Of Weather Conditions Research Articles

Peculiarities of the Middle Prydniprovia forest plantations use with the participation of Robinia pseudoacacia as raw material land for beekeeping

Preconditions for the creation of artificial forest plantations of Robinia pseudoacacia L. in Kaniv Prydniprovia region, which were planted on ravine-beam systems and Dnipro cliffs during forest reclamation measures fighting against erosion processes, are presented. At the beginning of the 20th century, it began to be widely used in afforestation of areas with heavily washed-out soils, in particular on the steep slopes of ravines, on their bottoms and on the slopes of landslide terraces. Artificially created Robinia pseudoacacia plantations, in addition to their soil protection and water retention role, had a significant list of useful properties: wood source, medicinal plant, raw material base for beekeeping. Ecological and coenotic features of artificially formed plantations and spontaneously formed phytocenoses of Robinia pseudoacacia are reflected. A list of accompanying tree, shrub and herbaceous species of nectar- and pollen-bearing ecosystems of the Kaniv Nature Reserve, which grow in artificial plantations of Robinia pseudoacacia, which may also have some raw material value for beekeeping, has been formed. The data of phenological observations on the beginning of its flowering on the territory of Kaniv Nature Reserve during the last 50 years are given, where, depending on the temperature conditions in diffe rent years, it began to bloom in the time range of 30 days. The dependence of honey productivity of an apiary with a constant number of bee colonies on certain characteristics of weather conditions during the last 10 years is analyzed. The performance of the Robinia pseudoacacia honey harvest is not stable due to differences in weather conditions from year to year. There is a slight direct positive relationship between the amount of honey obtained and the sum of average daily temperatures for the second and third decade of May.

TROPOPAUZA SƏVİYYƏSİNDƏ UÇUŞ ŞƏRAİTİNİN QİYMƏTLƏNDİRİLMƏSİ

High-quality organization of meteorological support along the flight routes, increasing its efficiency depends on many factors. These factors include the moderate and high intensity turbulence observed in the middle and upper flight echelons, icing, jet streams, volcanic ash clouds and their distribution areas, tropopause level, its altitude, and others. In the pre-flight preparation phase, the meteorological body provides meteorological support for all types of domestic and international flights planned in the middle and upper troposphere. The organization of flight efficiency and economic profitability depends on the high-quality forecast of the above-mentioned meteorological factors. The article analyzes the characteristics of weather conditions that affect flights in the middle and upper troposphere. The main recommendations and requirements of Annex 3 (ANEX 3) and its amendments (Amendment 79), ICAO's guidelines for meteorological support for international air navigation, are relevant to many of the issues discussed in this article. Key words: turbulence, jet stream, volcanic ash, aircraft, tropopause, aviation, flight echelon, pressure, wind, temperature, meteorological support, flight route

Establishment of Conceptual Schemas of Surface Synoptic Meteorological Situations Affecting Fine Particulate Pollution Across Eastern China in the Winter

AbstractIn the present study, the characteristics of weather conditions and local meteorological variables over the Beijing‐Tianjin‐Hebei (BTH) and the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) regions in the winter are analyzed using the principal component analysis (PCA) method and daily PM2.5 accumulation rate. Typical synoptic weather patterns over China in the winter can be classified into four types. During the Type 1 synoptic weather pattern, China is under the influence of the Siberian High, and northerly winds prevail; this situation is beneficial to the transport of pollutants from north to south. However, when the Siberian High is weak, southerly winds prevail which may result in the transport of pollutants from south to north. The Type 2 weather pattern refers to a weak high pressure located in the BTH resulting in the accumulation of pollutants. During the Type 3 weather pattern, an intense cold Siberian High moves to the south and affects the northern areas of China. The associated front brings heavy precipitation in the YRD resulting in the wet deposition of pollution. During the Type 4 weather condition, the weak Siberian High is blocked by the northeast cold vortex and moves towards the south, causing the accumulation of pollution in the YRD. The PCA model shows that there are two transport pathways for pollutants to the BTH (YRD) area: one from the YRD (BTH) and Shandong during Types 1 and 2 (Types 1 and 3) situations and the other one from the central provinces during Type 4 (Types 1 and 4).

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ГЕПАТОПРОТЕКТОРНЫХ СРЕДСТВ ПРИ ЛЕЧЕНИИ ГЕПАТОЗОВ У СОБАК

The article presents the results of testing twelve promising hybrids (six combinations) in nurseries of competitive testing (1 and 2 years) in the conditions of Central Yakutia, conducted in 2018–2019. (the characteristics of weather conditions are presented). All of them belong to the group of early maturing and mid-early (55-70 days): 216 (Dachny × 128-6), 239-1, 239-2, 239-3 (Ladoga × Rosalind), 233, 233-2 (Slavyanka × Rosalind ), 237, 237-1 (Northern × Dubrava), 232 (Aurora × Bonus), 234 (Scarlet Sail × Victoria). The evaluation showed that the studied hybrids correspond to the model of the variety in terms of economically valuable traits: they have a high yield, good biochemical parameters, the appearance of the tubers meets the requirements of consumers (small superficial eyes, medium-deep stolon footprint), high keeping quality during storage, tasting assessment of tubers - 4 0 points. The studied samples of hybrids had a yield of 26.0 - 42.0 t / ha, marketability of 92–97%, which makes them economically valuable. The samples differed in the content of dry matter (18.4–22.1%) and starch (9.5–13.4%). The nitrate content in tubers did not exceed the permissible concentration. The studied samples are resistant to the most common diseases of the zone: viral (common mosaic, leaf twisting, curliness, wrinkled mosaic, etc.), macrosporiosis, rhizoctonia, common scab. Based on the results of the studies, potato hybrids 232 (Aurora × Bonus), 233 (Slavyanka × Rosalind) and 239-2 (Ladozhsky x Razolind) were selected for further study and transferred for resistance to the causative agent of cancer and nematodes.

СЕЛЕКЦИЯ КАРТОФЕЛЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЯКУТИИ

The article presents the results of the test of twelve promising hybrids (six combinations) in nurseries of a competitive test (1 and 2 years) in the conditions of Central Yakutia, conducted in 2018-2019 (the characteristics of weather conditions are presented). All of them belong to the group of early-maturing and mid-early (55-70 days): 216 (Dacha × 128-6), 239-1, 239-2, 239-3 (Ladoga × Rosalind), 233, 233-2 (Slavyanka × Rosalind), 237, 237-1 (Severny × Dubrava), 232 (Aurora × Bonus), 234 (Scarlet Sail × Victoria). The evaluation showed that the studied hybrids correspond to the variety model according to economically valuable characteristics: they have a high yield, good biochemical indicators, the appearance of the tubers meets the requirements of consumers (small surface eyes, medium-deep stolon trace), high shelf life during storage, the tasting score of the tubers is 4.0 points. The studied samples of hybrids had a yield of 26.0-42.0 t / ha, a marketability of 92-97%, which makes them economically valuable. The samples differed in the content of dry matter (18.4–22.1 %) and starch (9.5–13.4 %). The content of nitrates in the tubers did not exceed the permissible concentration. The studied samples are resistant to the most common diseases of the zone: viral (common mosaic, twisting of leaves, curly hair, wrinkled mosaic, etc.), macrosporiosis,rhizoctoniosis, scab. According to the results of the conducted studies, potato hybrids 232 (Aurora × Bonus), 233 (Slavyanka × Rosalind) and 239-2 (Ladoga x Razolind) were selected for further study and transferred to the resistance to the causative agent of cancer and nematodes.

Effectiveness and Optimization of Harbour Tug Fleet

Abstract Determination of efficiency and optimization harbour tug fleet is based on simulation of fleet work and usage for this the methods of ship dynamics and probability theory. Visiting the port transport vessels of possible types is considered as random stream of given intensity. This stream is distributed over the berths. Productivities of berths are given random variables. Random variables are also characteristics of weather conditions in the harbour basin. Tug fleet is represented by the collection of existing port tugs of different types. Work of tugs is determined by operations of approaching to ships, escorting theirs in the near-port waters, posting on the approach channels, transportation within the port waters, berthing, unberthing and going out the ship from the port with the repetition of functioning operations in reverse order. Selection of tugs to service the next arriving or departing ship is dependent from the intensity of the current weather conditions in the port and busyness of tugs in operations with other ships. Work fleet is considered on the conditional time interval of one year. In this time the efficiency of the tug fleet is defined by economic indexes of fulfilment of all towing operations and operations on maintenance tugs. Optimization of the fleet composition is carried out according to the criteria required minimum total bollard pull, low cost and high profit. Based on performed research a program for calculating the efficiency and optimization of the port towing fleet is composed. The program can be adapted to any port with whatever types of tugs.

Role of Winter Weather Conditions and Slipperiness on Tourists' Accidents in Finland.

(1) Background: In Finland, slippery snowy or icy ground surface conditions can be quite hazardous to human health during wintertime. We focused on the impacts of the variability in weather conditions on tourists’ health via documented accidents during the winter season in the Sotkamo area. We attempted to estimate the slipping hazard in a specific context of space and time focusing on the weather and other possible parameters, responsible for fluctuations in the numbers of injuries/accidents; (2) Methods: We used statistical distributions with graphical illustrations to examine the distribution of visits to Kainuu Hospital by non-local patients and their characteristics/causes; graphs to illustrate the distribution of the different characteristics of weather conditions; questionnaires and interviews conducted among health care and safety personnel in Sotkamo and Kuusamo; (3) Results: There was a clear seasonal distribution in the numbers and types of extremity injuries of non-local patients. While the risk of slipping is emphasized, other factors leading to injuries are evaluated; and (4) Conclusions: The study highlighted the clear role of wintery weather conditions as a cause of extremity injuries even though other aspects must also be considered. Future scenarios, challenges and adaptive strategies are also discussed from the viewpoint of climate change.

Weather Condition Characteristics at the H. Arctowski Station (South Shetlands, Antarctica) for 2006, in Comparison With Multi-Year Research Results

Abstract The maritime Antarctic is characterised by highly variable weather conditions throughout the year, as well as over multi-year periods. The annual variability of weather conditions constitutes an important basis for biological and geographical studies, allowing for the monitoring of the functioning and changes of the geographical environment of the west coast of Admiralty Bay (King George Island, South Shetlands, Antarctica). Year-round meteorological observations (1.2006-12.2006) measured: atmospheric pressure, wind speed and direction, cloud cover, air temperature, relative humidity, total precipitation, snow cover, and Admiralty Bay ice cover.

Using Solar Cells to Extend Standby Time of Handheld Computers

Handheld computers are becoming increasingly popular in today's mobile information applications. Due to their battery energy limitations, the batteries in these computer systems need to be periodically recharged to regain the system's power. In this paper we design and implement a low-power handheld computer system with a rechargeable battery that is automatically charged by solar cells. From the feasibility analysis of the queueing model for the stochastic charging and discharging process of the battery system, using the random characteristics of weather conditions and the user's operation behaviour, we estimate that the average operation time in our model will depend on the power generation efficiency of solar cells and the power consumption of a handheld computer. By including experimental system parameters, we can obtain a duty cycle of less than 5%, which is the ratio between the charging and discharging period. With such a low-duty cycle, solar cells cannot currently be a feasible power source for normal operation of handheld computers. However, from both modelling and experiment results, we learn that solar cells can be a partially supportive power source for the extension of the standby time of handheld computers. In our experiment, with the half of the area of a typical handheld computer, common solar cells can generate the power to extend the standby time of a low-power handheld computer by 50%.