Abstract
High-quality organization of meteorological support along the flight routes, increasing its efficiency depends on many factors. These factors include the moderate and high intensity turbulence observed in the middle and upper flight echelons, icing, jet streams, volcanic ash clouds and their distribution areas, tropopause level, its altitude, and others. In the pre-flight preparation phase, the meteorological body provides meteorological support for all types of domestic and international flights planned in the middle and upper troposphere. The organization of flight efficiency and economic profitability depends on the high-quality forecast of the above-mentioned meteorological factors. The article analyzes the characteristics of weather conditions that affect flights in the middle and upper troposphere. The main recommendations and requirements of Annex 3 (ANEX 3) and its amendments (Amendment 79), ICAO's guidelines for meteorological support for international air navigation, are relevant to many of the issues discussed in this article. Key words: turbulence, jet stream, volcanic ash, aircraft, tropopause, aviation, flight echelon, pressure, wind, temperature, meteorological support, flight route
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