Genre Features Research Articles

Коммуникативно-прагматическая специфика жанра приказа: диахронический аспект

Linguistic stylistic and communicative features of the genre "order" are considered. The structure of administrative acts is analyzed, the peculiarities of the functioning of orders in the linguistic and cultural space of the Russian military discourse of the beginning of the 20th century are revealed in detail. The communicative and pragmatic specificity of the genre of the order in the diachronic aspect is studied in detail. The source of the research is administrative acts of the 1890s-1910s (orders, circulars, etc.), which have all the genre features of orders, but at the same time contain elements that are not characteristic of this genre. The article analyzes the structural and content features of such texts, which affect their communicative and pragmatic specifics. The formation of the order as a genre in the late 19th - early 20th century was dictated by the use of a wide range of productive means of verbal expression. In the course of a diachronic study of the communicative specifics of the genre of the order, a list of strategies and tactics used by the authors of administrative acts was established, as well as their main thematic groups implemented in the context of orders were identified. The conclusion is made about the structural and genre formation of these documents, which were an important link in the communication flows of oral and written military records management at the beginning of the 20th century. In the course of the study, materials on the history of the office work of the Siberian Cossack army of the late 19th - early 20th century were involved.

Genre features of modern Chinese publicistic texts and issues of their linguistic analysis

The present article deals with genre specifics of journalistic texts in the past as well as nowadays, as well as with some issues of applying predication-based language concept to analyzing journalistic texts in Chinese. The article shows that the journalistic genre which according to some experts has lost its importance has risen to prominence again in Russian as well as in foreign press. The article also deals with specific features of journalistic texts in Chinese language published in leading newspapers of the People’s Republic of China. The author also analyses the phenomenon of referencing to precedent texts in the PRC press. It’s shown that the percentage of that kind of references in texts in Chinese is significantly lower than this in journalistic texts in Russian, it’s caused by the differences between this two language speakers’ communities. This being noted, the author also points to the phenomenon of form itself being precedent which is a common one for PRC press. The article shows that the principles of predication-based language concept can be successfully applied in order to achieve solution to this scientific problem. Particularly, if a Chinese text is metaphoric, which we understand as having the so-called “non-banal metaphors” in it, this can be a serious argument in favor of classifying it as a journalistic one. In the applied section of the article the author analyses texts of several articles in Chinese language and classifies language features that can serve as an argument in favour of describing these articles as journalistic ones.

КОММУНИКАТИВНО-АКСИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОД В РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ МУЗЫКАЛЬНО-ТЕАТРАЛЬНОГО ТВОРЧЕСТВА

The object of research — musical theatricalization, acting as a genre class, which has stable and mobile genre features (the axial are musical and theatrical beginning, the synthesis of which may appear in different forms, changing the ratio of musical and theatrical means of expression); subject — communicative-axiological aspects of the implementation of musical and theatrical creativity; purpose — development of communicative-axiological approach to the study of musical theatricalization. Methodological approaches used in the study: conceptual, systematic, integrated. Scientific novelty is due to the introduction of an original methodology, allowing a new approach to the study of the phenomena of musical theatricalization, both past and present. Communicative-axiological approach is based on the conjugation of the concepts of communicative and axiological approaches in the same research field. The totality of research methods leads to the study of certain communicative situations in which, as a result of the interaction of communicants in the aesthetic and socio-cultural space there is a transfer of information from one subject to another and the field of different values, due to social, professional and personal factors is formed. Communicative-axiological approach implies a comprehensive study of the phenomena of creative activity, focused on identifying aesthetic and anthropological value. The approach unfolds within the receptive dialogic paradigm, according to which in the process of realization of musical theatricalization there is perception of the figurative plan of events of a specific situation and simultaneously processing and translation of the already updated content. In this way, «effective experience» is carried out and initially subjective meanings penetrate into intersubjective space, thereby determining the process of formation of the value orientations of the individual.

Textual lacunae and the paradoxes of their interpretation

The article is devoted to textual lacunae, those paradoxes of unspokenness that arise when reading works of art and often lead to the discovery of different, completely opposite meanings in them, because the perception process is influenced by many factors: sociocultural context, social or professional affiliation of the reader, his / her life experience, age, gender, situation, etc. The relevance of this study is stipulated by the need to clarify different literary versions of the image of the main character from Leonid Mosendz’s novel “Roksoliana”, included in the collection “Liudyna Pokirna” (‘A Submissive Man’, 1937). The study is conducted by means of the receptive and hermeneutic research methods, that allowed to trace the difference in the filling of textual lacunae, which led to the fact that Ihor Nabytovych interprets the heroine as a traitor, Vira Prosalova – as a bride who seeks to save her beloved. The different perception of the main character’s image is determined by the author’s strategy: an appeal to the figure of the beloved wife of the Turkish Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, the inclusion of a novel in the collection, the title of which sets the stage for a meeting with submissive characters and to some extent defines the type. The ambiguity in the work is also achieved by the reduction of important scenes, in particular the preparation and destruction of the Bolshevik headquarters, a break in the course of the plot (2 weeks of the absence of an eyewitness of the events), highlighting the image of the newest Roksolana only through the perception of the narrator, pointe as a genre feature of the novel, the incompleteness of the work, a stylistic figure of aposiopesis. The composition of this short story is based on the technique of syncresis, which confirms the author’s conscious intention not to dot the і’s and cross the t’s, but force the reader to draw a conclusion about the essence of patriotism and apostasy. The article focuses on those means of poetics that activate the reader’s attention, give space to his imagination, and therefore often lead to different readings, because the recipient fills in the gaps at his discretion. The conclusion is substantiated about the author’s conscious strategy, designed to draw attention to the figure of Roksolana, the reader’s involvement into the process of co-creation, and the potential openness of the artistic text for subsequent receptions.

Интертекстуальность и трансформация архетипа как основа полисемии современной сказки-модификации

In the modern English-language literary space the genre of short prose, based on the plots of classical fairy tales and addressed primarily to an adult audience, is extremely popular. Over half a century already, this genre has emerged as a separate discourse (in this article, the authors call it a “Reimagined Fairy Tale,” considering the memory of the genre). Such modificated fairy tale is simultaniously the result of the postmodern world perception (intertextuality, playfulness, gamification, multilevel text, irony, etc.) and a critical thought (deconstruction, denial of logocentrism), and represents an extensive material for research both from the point of view of literary criticism and from interdisciplinary positions. Using the example of the modern literary tale by R. Shirman “Hunger,” which is based on the folk story about Hansel and Gretel, the authors attempt to trace how the multilevel coding of the text takes place using the transformation of Jungian archetypes and deconstruction of binary oppositions that underlie them on the one hand, and literary and religious reminiscences, and allusions on the other. The authors trace how the text passes into the category of open ones and allows the reader to choose himself which of the meanings of the tale is closer to him. According to the authors, this methodology is applicable to all texts of a given genre and can be productive as a way of reading, and also useful for clarifying the genre features of a modern fairy tale-modification.

Genre features of shelley's letters

Genre features of shelley's letters

Художньо-публіцистичні жанри на шпальтах районної преси Тернопільщини: аналіз краєзнавчого контенту

The article, based on the analysis of narratives of regional press of Ternopil region at the beginning of the 21st century, clarifies the trends of genre correlation in coverage of local lore topics. Its presentation on the pages of the analyzed newspaper periodicals in artistic and journalistic genres was traced. In the modern conditions, when there is an active transition to digital media, the number of traditional print newspaper periodicals decreases. Regional press belongs to the sources of information that are gaining extra importance nowadays, that requires comprehensive study. The objective of the article is to analyze the genre specifics of artistic and journalistic genres of regional press of Ternopil region at the beginning of the XXI century. The subject of the study is the genre features of local lore content of regional newspapers and their narrative specificities. The empirical basis of the study was the regional newspapers of Ternopil region (“Berezhanske viche”, “Halytskyi visnyk”, “Nova doba”, “Visnyk Nadzbruchchya”, “Kolos”, “Narodne slovo”, “Zborivska dzvinytsia”, “Vilne slovo”, “Dialoh”, “Holos Lanovechchyny”, “Visti Prydnistroviia”, “Homin voli”, “Zemlia Pidhayetska”, “Voliia”, “Podilske slovo”, “Holos narodu”, “Novyny Shumshchyny”) published during the period of 2000‒2015. As a result of the research, a holistic view in the coverage of local lore topics of regional press of Ternopil region at the beginning of the 21st century was formed, and a comprehensive analysis of its artistic and journalistic genres was carried out. It was ascertained that the genre of essay dominates in terms of qualitative indicators (60%) as a tool for comprehensive coverage of the narrative specificity of the local lore texts. It was found that the genre palette of local lore materials was also represented in the regional newspapers by sketches ‒ 37.4% and life stories ‒ 2.6%. It is emphasized that journalistic genres, which acquire a specific representation in the columns of the analyzed newspapers, are adapted to the main functions of regional newspapers. At the same time, under the influence of general trends of development of media space, mutually enriching and intercorrelated processes of genre creation are traced, that is genre transformation.

ПОЕТИКА ФЕЙСБУК-РОМАНУ О. ШИНКАРЕНКА «КАГАРЛИК» ЯК ЯВИЩА УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ В ЦИФРОВУ ЕПОХУ

The article examines Oleh Shynkarenko’s novel “Kaharlyk” as an example of the Ukrainian literature of the digital age. It is an experimental novel as it combines two forms a digital and printed ones. The purpose of the study is to outline specific features of the poetics of O. Shynkarenko’s Facebook novel “Kaharlyk” as a piece of writing incorporating the characteristics of both postmodernist and digimodernist texts. This predetermines the following tasks: to generalize the characteristic features of digital textuality proposed by A. Kirby, to outline the concept of network literature, to determine the genre features of the novel, to study the characteristic features of its form in Facebook social network (in particular, to analyze author's and reader's comments under the posts-episodes of the novel) and in the printed edition (based on the 2015 book published by Luta Sprava Publishing), to determine, on the example of this novel, how the interaction in the author-text-reader paradigm has changed in the literature of the digital age. The study uses intermedial, intertextual, comparative, and structuralist methods of analysis. The novelty of the article lies in a detailed study of the electronic version of the novel, particularly, in the analysis of author’s and reader’s comments on the Facebook page of the novel “Kaharlyk”. The research showed that typical postmodern features of both the electronic and printed versions of O. Shynkarenko’s novel “Kaharlyk” are as follows: genre hybridity, intertextuality, absurdity, and irony. In addition, the novel possesses the features of a digimodernist text, including onwardness, haphazardness, evanescence, reformulation and intermediation of textual roles, anonymous, multiple and social authorship, the fluid-bounded text, and the nature of electronic-digitality. These features are mostly inherent in the online version of the novel, but are also found in the printed edition.

Cello Concerto by Alexander Jacobchuk: On the Issue of Genre Development

The article is aimed at the description of genre and style peculiarities of the Cello concerto by A. Jacobchuk (2006) in the context of correlaton of traditional and innovative features of the genre. The methodology of the research is based on the application of the culturological approach, source study, textual method, as well as the methods of holistic analysis and interviewing. This approach allows us to reveal the artistic and expressive qualities of this work in terms of updating genre features of concerto. Scientific novelty. Genre and style peculiarities of the Cello concerto by A. Jacobchuk are studied for the first time in view of the innovativeness of the composerʼs approach to understand the genre (the introduction of symphonic principles, thematic connections between parts of the cycle, the philosophical nature of the cadence) and their combination with the original principles. Conclusions. Cello concerto by A. Jacobchuk goes beyond the instrumental concerto, reaching the genre symbiosis ”concerto-chamber symphony”. The dedication to the victims of political repressions in Ukraine has caused the tragedy of the concept of the work, the diverse representation of the opposite figurative spheres. It has been reflected in thought-out drama, artistic characteristics of the images of martyrs and insidious-cynical evil, in a pronounced national component and the influence of symphonic principles of thinking.

Специфіка кінематографічного втілення мотиву фаустіанства за романом П. Зюскінда «Парфуми. Історія одного вбивці»

The purpose of the article is to determine the peculiarities of the implementation of the Faustian motif in the film version of P. Süskind's novel «Perfume: The Story of a Murderer» (2006) and the remake – the TV series «Perfume (Parfum)» (2018), both based on the novel by Süskind. The objective of the research is to compare the implementation of genre features, the image of the main character, and the motivation of his and other characters’ actions in the film and the TV series, to analyze the use of artistic techniques in the literary adaptation. The objectives of the research were achieved via the employment of comparative and analytical methods, which facilitated establishing the peculiarities of the intermedial transformation of P. Süskind’s novel and analysis of the metamodernist manifestations in the cinematic versions of the novel. In the context of Faustianism, the proposed study of the film adaptation of Süskind's novel is carried out for the first time. It has been established that Tom Tykwer's film is dominated by elements of the genres of romantic detective and thriller, while in the series the elements of detective and erotic thriller prevail. Elements of other genres can also be recognized in the film, except for philosophical and educational. It is established that the task of rendering the smell the creators of the film solve through the use of artistic means – the props, non-verbal signs, musical accompaniment, and visual effects. It is revealed that the main problem faced by the creators of the film was the creation of a positive image of the main character, a marginalized person rejected by society. Tom Tykwer's team created the image of an attractive criminal, a lone genius who invented the perfect perfume at the cost of crime. In the film, the main motif of Faustianism is successfully implemented – the desire for knowledge, as for the other Faustian motifs – the connection with mystical forces, and the desire for beauty – they are painted sporadically. The film also does not show the main character’s attitude to God, to the concepts of good and evil. The plot of the «Perfume» series (2018) is based on the murder of the red-haired singer Katharina Läufer; memories and experiences of her friends from the Catholic boarding school, who were once impressed by Patrick Süskind's novel «Perfume: The Story of a Murderer», which inspired them to experiment with human odors, searching for the perfect fragrance. The creators of the series raised the question to the audience: is it possible to manipulate people with the help of smells? At the center of the plot are six teenagers and then later five friends of the singer Katharina Läufer, and three detectives. Grenouille's image from the novel is split into several protagonists. The main motive that determines their actions is the desire for love. In the novel «Perfume: The Story of a Murderer» the author manages to maintain the attention of the readers through his virtuoso mastery of style, whereas in the film and TV series, the emphasis is on feelings. The language of sensuality, widely used in Tom Tykwer's film, is one of the hallmarks of metamodernism. The «Perfume» series (2018), where the characters are in constant search, they worry and strive to become better, we consider to be a typical cultural product of the metamodernism era. The audience's perception of the film and the series, in contrast to the unfavorable attitude of critics and journalists, indicates the birth of a new socio-cultural reality and its influence on the work of filmmakers and writers. Keywords: Faustian, motive, micro-image of the smell, postmodernism, metamodernism, Patrick Süskind, Tom Tykwer.

“Shchyogol” and “Shchap” in Russian Folklore

The article describes denominations denoting dandies in Russian folklore. The research is based on texts of Onega epics, historical songs and non-ritual lyrics recorded in different regions of Russia in the 19th century. We complied and analyzed lists of words denominating dandies and fashionistas in different folklore genres based on the lexicographic materials. The article demonstrates that the corpus of the lyrical songs in comparison with the other sources contains the greatest variety of lexemes under analysis, in which the noun shchyogol takes the central place. This word is the head of the expanded word-formation socket, comprising dialectal and specific folklore words. It is illustrated that in the Onega epics a fashionably dressed person is often called Shchap, and dandyism is characteristic of two epic heroes – Churila and Dyuk, who compete with each other. A similar plot connection is typical of historical songs, where lexemes denominating a fashionable person are found exclusively in the 17th century texts about Stenka Razin’s son. The article notes the usage features of the analyzed type of words and identifies the most frequent constructions. The author concludes about the existence of the general genre, intergenre and specific genre features in the usage of vocabulary that names and characterizes dandies in oral folklore art, and outlines prospects for further research.

ФУНКЦИИ ОКНА В ПРОЗЕ С. КРЖИЖАНОВСКОГО

The article is devoted to the analysis of the image of a window and its functions in the prose works of S. Krzhizhanovsky. The relevance of the study is driven by the important role of this image in modeling the artistic space of the text, in the development of the plot and in creating the character of the hero, in revealing the philosophical and aesthetic problems that determine the uniqueness of the writer’s works. The article demonstrates that the window becomes for the hero not only an “insurmountable boundary” that does not allow him to leave the “minus” space saturated with trouble, as V.N. Toporov wrote about. Cases where the use of this image performs the function of expanding space and creating ecphrasis are considered. It is shown that the success of overcoming the window boundary is due to the genre features of Krzhizhanovsky’s works and the type of hero, which is different in the writer’s short stories and essays. It is demonstrated that Krzhizhanovsky’s window not only models space, but also expands artistic time (“Memories of the Future”). The article also analyzes examples of metaphorization of an image and explores its world-modeling function, which shapes the character and personality of the character and generates the plot of the work. The image of a window in Krzhizhanovsky is considered in the context of intertextual connections with literature of the 19th-20th centuries.

Genre features of the text of translation (The problems of translation of the lyrical type)

Genre features of the text of translation (The problems of translation of the lyrical type)

ФОЛЬКЛОРНОЕ НАСЛЕДИЕ И ПРИЧЕТНАЯ ТРАДИЦИЯ КАРЕЛЬСКОЙ СКАЗИТЕЛЬНИЦЫ П. С. САВЕЛЬЕВОЙ

The article deals with the biography and folklore heritage of the Karelian storyteller Praskovya Stepanovna Savelieva, who represents the language and folklore of the Karelians of Segozero. The main attention is paid to the liturgical tradition, the bright bearer of which she was. The process of the birth of lamentation is studied from the point of view of the lamenter herself and its place in the funeral rite of the Segozero Karelians. Along with the fact that this is largely an improvisational genre, it is based on a centuries-old tradition. This is a specially structured text with a stable circle of ritually given motifs, observance of the genre features of the poetic style and the formality of the language

ДИПЛОМАТИЧЕСКИЙ ДИСКУРС В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ПАРАДИГМЕ ПОДХОДОВ К ПРЕПОДАВАНИЮ ИНОСТРАННЫХ ЯЗЫКОВ

The necessity of implementing changes to methods of teaching diplomatic discourse in a foreign language has become apparent against the background of recent social and economic changes, digital technology development and transformation of the system of international relations. The article analyses the reasons for and the essence of changes which have occurred in the content of diplomatic discourse over the last decade and relate to its linguistic characteristics and competencies required, and whose development should become part of foreign language educational curricula for future diplomats. Analysis involves genre characteristics of diplomatic discourse, its lexical and grammatical features, as well as its place in the paradigm of foreign language teaching methods with regard to its inclusion in the category of language learning for general or specific purposes. According to the findings, diplomatic discourse develops in the direction of increased interdisciplinarity of its nature, both from the perspective of constituent elements of diplomatic terminology and that of skills required. Analysing the record of teaching English to future diplomats at English Department №1 of MGIMO University, the authors outline the principal competences fundamental to modern educational curricular in the sphere of language teaching and come to the conclusion that methodology pertinent to the field belongs to the spectrum of methods of teaching languages for specific purposes and, as such, requires a special approach.

«Открывая эпоху»: к 100-летию создания советского еженедельника «Огонек»

Introduction. One of the modern directions of historical science is the study of the transformation of public consciousness in the conditions of a transitional state of society, a reflection of which is the periodical press. The illustrated socio-political and literary and artistic weekly magazine of universal content “Ogonyok”, discussed in the article, on the one hand, can serve as an indicator of public consciousness, and on the other, acts as an instrument of its formation in the conditions of the formation of the official ideology of the Soviet state in the 1920s. A little studied period in the history of the magazine is the 1920s. The purpose of the article is to reconstruct, on the basis of various historical sources, the history of the creation and functioning of the Soviet weekly Ogonyok in the first post-revolutionary decade, to consider its role and place in the system of Soviet periodicals. Materials and methods. The study is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity, and comprehensiveness, the consistent application of which made it possible to analyze the history of the emergence and development of the Ogonyok magazine and determine its role in the socio-cultural life of the country. Historical-comparative methods of historical research were used, which made it possible to consider the magazine “Ogonyok” in comparison with other periodicals of the era; historical and genetic, trace changes in the content of the Ogonyok magazine at different stages of its existence. Historical and typological methods aimed at identifying the main genres of the magazine’s publications revealed the features of their evolution and the degree of influence on society as practices of transmitting new values. Sources of personal origin and critical reviews of contemporaries dedicated to the magazine “Ogonyok” are introduced into scientific circulation. Analysis. The article examines the stages of development of the mass Soviet weekly in the first post-revolutionary decade, analyzes its transformation into the largest publishing house of mass periodicals at the turn of the 1920s-1930s. The magazine "Ogonyok", revived during the NEP period, on the initiative of the Soviet journalist M.E. Koltsov combined the features of a daily newspaper and a thick monthly. This determined a special style and methods of work, requiring a change in the forms of presenting materials, genre and thematic diversity. All this was reflected in a carefully thought-out journal strategy, which consisted of searching for forms of presenting material and high demands on the genre characteristics of publications. “Ogonyok” became the first weekly publication on which pages a new genre appeared - photo essay. Visual genres were actively used, namely a photo report, a photogram, a photo note, a photo cover and a photo collage. Using a variety of text and visual genres, Ogonyok conveyed the new values of the Soviet state (patriotism, collectivism, atheism, social optimism, the cult of work, the cult of a healthy body) with the help of which a new model of human relations was formed. An integral feature of the magazine was the constant search for operational forms and methods of organizational and mass work of the editorial team, improvement of the publication distribution system (book supplements, libraries, contractors and distributors, communication with the editorial offices of local newspapers, etc.). Results. The conducted research allowed us to conclude that during the NEP period, the editorial board of the magazine was able, using legal and financial instruments, to carry out organizational changes, which resulted in the formation of the JointStock Publishing Company Ogonyok. The magazine became the basis for a new publishing house, whose differentiated approach was expressed in the production of accessible mass editions for various reader groups. The renaming of the Joint-Stock Publishing Company Ogonyok into Magazine and Newspaper Association in 1931 completed the long-standing process of expanding the publishing activities of Ogonyok, and also met the objectives of creating information and propaganda potential in the country.

Genre characteristics of literature sample “Pages from my life” (autobiography or memoir)

Genre characteristics of literature sample “Pages from my life” (autobiography or memoir)

THE EMOTIONAL CONSTRUCT OF THE FUTURE IN ORWELL’S 1984. AND CROATIAN SCIENCE FICTION IN THE 2000s

In this paper, two works of science fiction, distanced from each other both spatially and tem- porally (as they belong to different national literatures) are analysed: Orwell’s novel 1984 and Darko Macan’s and Tatjana Jambrišak’s short story „Besmrtni slučaj“ (“An Immortal Case”), as an example of Croatian science fiction from the 2000s. This research is focused on the ways in which these respective authors textually construct emotions within the framework of a fictional perspectivisation of the future. Contemporary constructivist approaches to the emotions show that they are an important part of cognitive processes and also culturally conditioned entities. This work proves that emotional constructs of the future can be taken into consideration when dealing with the basic genre characteristics of science fiction. This means that they participate in the creation of a conceptual breakthrough of the paradigm of our episteme, that they are a part of cognitive estrangement, or of the fictional novum validated by epistemic logic. Thus, this topic, when approaching science fiction, despite the national literature or period to which such a work may belong, may contribute to further research regarding the possible cultural conditions of the emotions of the future, as well as furthering knowledge on the characteristics of the genre of modern science fiction.

ПОНЯТТЯ "ФІЗИЧНОГО ОБ'ЄКТА" В ІСТОРІЇ ФІЛОСОФІЇ. ДОРЕЧНІСТЬ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ

B a c k g r o u n d . According to the genre characteristics, the article is a form of publicizing analytical conclusions from the experience of research in the field of the history of philosophy in the local community of philosophers of Ukraine. The material for understanding was supplied from the environment of educational and scientific professional activity of the authors and was based on the long experience of using a certain type of historical and philosophical sources, which even now constitute the main resource of sources of Ukrainian philosophical education. The article explores the concept of "physical object" in the context of the history of philosophy and examines its relevance for philosophical reflections. It is noted that the variety of interpretations of the term in the history of philosophy creates the need for new methods of revealing its essence M e t h o d s . Problems with establishing the authenticity and verifiability of such sources prompted the search for methods and techniques of source studies in related fields of knowledge, in particular analytical philosophy and philosophy of science. The article uses an analytical approach based on the study of historical and philosophical sources. Methods of source studies are used to solve problems related to the authenticity and reliability of sources R e s u l t s . With this in mind, the purpose of scientific research was to justify the appropriateness of using such a phenomenon as a "physical object" in historical-philosophical research. It was established that, despite the significant unusualness of the presence of a terminological counterpart to this phenomenon in the historical-philosophical realm, its implementation and application has significant creative potential. C o n c l u s i o n s . After a concise inquiry, the authors have reached a consensus that, in contemporary research on the history of philosophy within the Ukrainian philosophical community, it is pertinent and essential to develop a methodology. This methodology should be founded on the imperative of establishing the initial point for comprehensively studying the philosophical primary source, treating it as a "physical object".

Образ «новой женщины» в романах Ш. Бронте и Н. Г. Чернышевского

The article presents a comparative analysis of the images of the main heroines of the novel «What is to be done?» N. G. Chernyshevsky and «Villette» by Ch. Brontё. The general theme and historical era provide grounds for comparing literary characters. Similar features in the development of female characters have been identified: origin, personality formation, motives of behavior, determination, lifestyle. It is also noted that these novels are characterized by certain genre characteristics of Bildungsroman. The analysis allows us to conclude that Vera Pavlovna and Lucy Snow represent the type of a “new woman” for European society of the mid-19th century.