Character Color Research Articles

Using Experimental Filmmaking to Create an Engaging Brain-Computer Interface

Inspired by storytelling ideas in surrealist creative productions and experimental films, we created a brain-computer interface (BCI) designed to offer users an exercise of the imagination. While many previous BCIs have used simple visual interfaces, we wanted to understand if an open-ended, story-based BCI experience could be helpful for allowing users to effectively interact with the story using their brain activity. We employed experimental storytelling techniques to prompt users to explore new thought patterns and ideas for changing brain activity. In our BCI, users were able to change the color of the main character in the story using their thoughts. We found that many users were able to change brain activity and enjoyed the BCI experience, while others were primarily frustrated. Based on our results, we offer ideas for future contributions to the development of engaging, story-based BCI applications.

Inheritance of seed coat color and heritability of agronomic characters of F2 population of reciprocal crosses between Fore Belu and Local Sabu mungbean varieties

Abstract. Mau YS, Ndiwa ASS, Bunga W, Abidin Z, Harini TS, Oematan SS, Roefaida E, Taloim A, Gadji A, Risnawati M, Nana RA. 2023. Inheritance of seed coat color and heritability of agronomic characters of F2 population of reciprocal crosses between Fore Belu and Local Sabu mungbean varieties. Biodiversitas 24: 2647-2656. Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek) is an important pulse crop well adapted to the agro-climatic conditions of East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. However, the productivity of mungbean in East Nusa Tenggara is low (~0.5 t ha-1). Plant breeding programs can overcome this problem by assembling superior varieties. This study aimed to determine the genetic control of seed coat color and heritability of agronomic traits of F2 population of reciprocal crosses between Fore Belu and Local Sabu mungbean varieties. The observed data included seed coat color and agronomic traits. Seed coat color was subjected to chi-square analysis while agronomic traits were subjected to a simple statistical analysis. The results showed that seed coat color was controlled by one co-dominant gene. The plant heights of F2 fell between the two parental means while the number of pods and seed weight fell below the two parental means. The F2 values range was wide and the maximum F2 values were above the parental means. The phenotypic and genetic variability was wide while either the phenotypic diversity or genetic diversity was moderate to high. The heritability values of the six observed traits were high. The highest was observed on the harvesting date (0.92 and 0.94 for reciprocal crosses), whereas the lowest was on seed weight per plant (0.50 and 0.58 for reciprocal crosses).

Methods and techniques of interpretation of mythical and magic characters’ names in Russian folk tales in Persian

The rapidly developing cultural relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Russia predetermine the importance of studying the realities of Russian culture in teaching Russian as a foreign language. Despite the constantly growing interest of the Iranian reader in Russian fiction, we have not found translations of Russian folk tales. A distinctive feature of fairy tales is the presence of specific monsters and mythical creatures in them. The relevance of this study is emphasized by the fact that the opinions of researchers on the issue of translating these realities are divided: some researchers note that realities are untranslatable, others argue that there are no words that would be impossible to convey in another language. This research work presents methods and techniques for an adequate and equivalent translation of the proper names of mythical creatures that are the heroes of Russian folk tales of a magical nature. The translation experiment was conducted in student classes of the RFL departments of higher educational institutions of Iran. The main methods on which the study is based are the comparative method, the method of linguistic description, and the method of experiment. The students were asked to translate typical sentences, selected by continuous sampling, in which there was a mention of the magical characters of Russian folk tales. The purpose of the experiment is to identify what methods and techniques of translation strategies were used in the process of translating realities that do not have equivalents in the Persian language. Thus, the empirical basis of this study is the interpretation of fragments of Russian folk tales of a magical nature in Persian by students learning Russian as a foreign language. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that it is the first attempt to analyze the method of equivalent or adequate conveyance of national and cultural color of the Russian fairy tales characters into Persian. Based on the experiment, we can conclude that when translating the names of mythical heroes and monsters of Russian folk tales, students resorted to two main translation strategies − foreignization and domestication. Russian students chose the method of phonetic transliteration and transcription as the main method of foreignization, as well as calques that contribute to the preservation of Russian cultural and ethnic specificity and overcoming the difficulties of conveying semantic content and the national color of the mythical heroes of Russian folk tales. The main technique of the domestication strategy used by students is the borrowing of the designation of a fairy-tale character from the culture of other peoples with whom they were previously familiar. The results of our research can find practical application in literary translation in Iran. Theoretically, the material can contribute to the development of the theory of translation of literary texts of the folklore genre, as well as arouse interest in further research among undergraduates and graduate students studying in higher educational institutions of Iran.

<와호장룡>의 색채와 음악의 융합 연구

The film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000) directed by Ang Lee, known as one of the new era of Chinese martial arts films, is the first film in Chinese film history to win the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. Tan Dun, a composer and conductor, won the 73rd Academy Awards for Best Original Music in 2001 by the music of Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. In 2002, he won the 44th Grammy Award for Best Original Film Music Album, and began to receive extensive attention. This paper explored Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon with strong oriental color and traditional music and investigated the Chinese traditional color view and aesthetic thought of director Ang Lee by his pursuit of the costume color and modeling of the main characters in the film. At the same time, through the music of Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon that throughout the film, to show the music creation characteristics of the integration of eastern and western music of Tan Dun.

INVESTIGATION OF CHARACTER DESIGNS IN CONTEXT OF VISUAL IMPACT ITEM

Character designs can be used in animated cinema, comics, graphic novels, animation, advertisements, book illustrations, mascots, game graphics, toys, etc. It is one of the important graphic design applications encountered in many visual fields. Therefore, the designed characters must be visual indicators that are qualified, original, memorable, impressive and compatible with the content they reflect. In character development studies, the designed character's colors, anatomical features, gestures, facial expressions, clothes, characteristic qualities that distinguish him from those around him, etc. features are the influencing elements and principles that must be taken into account for the design to be distinctive. One of the important principles and elements of visual communication design, “impact” is one of the main guides used to strengthen the expression and make it distinctive, especially in character designs. It is very important to apply visual effects "effects" that will attract attention based on the prominent features of the characters, to create impacts on the audience and / or receptive masses. In this study, which was prepared with qualitative research methods, it is aimed to examine the visual character applications in the context of "effect", one of the graphic design principles and elements, to identify the problems and to develop suggestions for the solution of these problems. Therefore, following the use of the visual effect principle and element, which has an important place in the graphical character development process; The subject is defined and its importance is revealed, descriptive problems based on the form-content relationship encountered in design and practice are determined based on the applied characters, the causes of the identified problems are examined and suggestions are made for their solution. The analyzed characters consist of various animated movie images (figures) and concept designs. The investigations made, based on semiotic approaches such as "semantic", "syntactic" and "pragmatic" is carried out for visual effect applications in applied character descriptions.

汉语“春”成语的含义与文化价值分析

AbstractMandarin idioms are fixed phrases used in Mandarin for a long time and the source is abundant. But, there are differences in environment and perspective in Indonesia and China.Therefore, by analyzing idioms containing spring, we learn mandarin while understanding its cultural value. The research takes mandarin idioms containing the Chinese character “春”（read: Chun） as the object of research. The research method used descriptive qualitative. Through the analysis method, the writer can make a conclusion that in terms of its meanings and emotional color, the most emotional color of the Chinese character “春”（read: Chun) mandarin idioms are that it contains praise. From the perspective of cultural values, the Chinese character “春”（read: Chun) mandarin idioms include teaching methods, expressing the customs and conditions of the Spring Festival, enjoying the spring scenery, the love of children for their parents, traditional architectural culture, characteristics between spring and autumn, then etiquette to become a good ruler.Keywords: Chinese Idiom, Cultural Values, Emotional Color , Meaning, Spring

Exploring Composition of Guizhou Miao and Buyi Batik Patterns Based on Social Psychology

Batik takes appropriate shape and pictogram as the main shape, and copies and abstracts natural objects with the color of rich national character. After a long historical development, it forms today's wonderful national folk art. Its production process is rich in ethnic characteristics and national traditions with rich composition, imagination, and uniqueness. Among them, the Miao and Buyi batik in Guizhou is a typical representative of dyeing and weaving technology in China. From the perspective of social psychology, the composition of batik is inseparable from people's stimulation of the response process, that is, batik is the corresponding psychological response of ethnic minority women by receiving the stimulation of external things (natural things), and putting this reaction into their behavior. Different forms of batik compositions reflect their pursuit and desire for a better life.

Adaptive preprocessing of character recognition image based on neural network

Words in natural scenes contain abundant information. Automatic acquisition of text information in images can help people understand images more effectively and further process images such as storage, compression and retrieval. Pattern recognition technology is to use machines to simulate people’s various recognition abilities. At present, it mainly simulates people’s visual and auditory abilities. Based on BP neural network in deep learning, a text positioning BP neural network is proposed, which automatically extracts the text features in the image and avoids the defect of using manual design features This paper studies the preprocessing algorithm of Chinese character recognition in natural scenes, including binarization of text regions, extraction of character colors, clustering analysis of colors, segmentation of characters, etc., and designs the rules for merging text regions after positioning. Experimental results show that the algorithm can solve the problem of insufficient recognition ability for text images and long-sequence text images with complex background noise between characters when the background and text gray level are similar.

Visual Working Memory of Chinese Characters and Expertise: The Expert's Memory Advantage Is Based on Long-Term Knowledge of Visual Word Forms.

People unfamiliar with Chinese characters show poorer visual working memory (VWM) performance for Chinese characters than do literates in Chinese. In a series of experiments, we investigated the reasons for this expertise advantage. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that the advantage of Chinese literates does not transfer to novel material. Experts had similar resolution as novices for material outside of their field of expertise, and the memory of novices and experts did not differ when detecting a big change, e.g., when a character’s color was changed. Memorizing appears to function as a rather abstract representation of word forms because memory for characters’ fonts was poor independently of expertise (Experiment 3), though still visual. Distractors that were highly similar conceptually did not increase memory errors, but visually similar distractors impaired memory (Experiment 4). We hypothesized that literates in Chinese represent characters in VWM as tokens of visual word forms made available by long-term memory. In Experiment 5, we provided novices with visual word form knowledge. Participants subsequently performed a change detection task with trained and novel characters in a functional magnetic resonance experiment. We analyzed set size- and training-dependent effects in the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and the visual word form area. VWM for trained characters was better than for novel characters. Neural activity increased with set size and at a slower rate for trained than for novel characters. All conditions approached the same maximum, but novel characters reached the maximum at a smaller set size than trained characters. The time course of the bold response depended on set size and knowledge status. Starting from the same initial maximum, neural activity at small set sizes returned to baseline more quickly for trained characters than for novel characters. Additionally, high performers showed generally more neural activity in the IPS than low performers. We conclude that experts’ better performance in working memory (WM) is caused by the availability of visual long-term representations (word form types) that allow a sparse representation of the perceived stimuli and make even small changes big because they cause a type change that is easily detected.

A Review on Neural Network and Morphology Based ANPR

Nowadays Automatic Number Plate Detection is the most challenging and interesting research topic for the past few years. The number plates have different shapes and sizes in different countries. And are of different colours for both the characters and background. Country like India uses yellow or white colour as background and black as character colour. License Plate Recognition is a crucial task since it involves non-uniformity in the license plates and illumination condition. The captured image may not clear due to the variation in viewing angle, dirty plate. Automatic Number Plate Recognition is widely used in traffic violation detection systems, surveillance applications, car counting on highways etc. This paper present a comparison of license plate detection based on neural network and morphology.

Assessment of "look-alike" packaging designs related to medication errors using information technology.

This study aimed to assess the similarity among press-through pack (PTP) sheets of pharmaceutical products in Japan. The appearance of PTPs was assessed using a pharmaceutical design database (PDD) of 2,750 pharmaceutical tablets comprising approximately 40 % of the 6,840 products marketed in Japan. Package sheet color (Sc), tablet color (Tc), character color (Cc), sheet line color (SLc), and upper color (Uc) were used to evaluate the uniformity of PTP sheet design. To assess the risk of misidentification, 1,000 prescriptions for 82,273 cancer patients were retrieved from 21,026,742 records in the claims database of the Japan Medical Data Center Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan. The most frequent PTP sheet colors for 143 drugs were Sc (silver), Tc (white), Cc (blue), SLc (none), and Uc (silver). The prescribing pattern of 1000 randomly chosen prescriptions was analyzed. Database records of prescriptions without tablets (n = 69), including only one PTP tablet (n = 292), and those with lack of PDD prescription data (n = 388) were excluded. Eventually, 236 prescriptions were evaluated. Fourteen prescriptions (5.9%) had PTP sheets with five matching elements and 29 had with four matching elements (12.3%). This novel PDD database for information technology concept easily identified similar PTP sheets involved in prescriptions dispensed in 18 % of evaluated cancer patients. The concept seems to be applicable for preventing look-alike dispensing errors.

Emotional design for digital games for learning: The effect of expression, color, shape, and dimensionality on the affective quality of game characters

What is the affective quality of specific design features of game characters? The Integrative Model of Emotion in Game-based Learning (EmoGBL) describes common mechanisms of how emotion and learning processes interact to foster specific learning outcomes. In the present paper, we asked how color, shape, expression, and dimensionality of game characters induce emotions in digital games for learning. We investigated learners' perception of the affective quality of these four different visual design features for adults and adolescents using a forced choice paradigm (studies 1–3), as well as the PANAS-X and qualitative measures (study 4). Participants were shown a series of game characters and were asked to report their emotional response. Results show the relative contribution of the four visual attributes on players’ perception of affective quality, with the visual design features of expression and dimensionality having the strongest effect, color a medium-sized effect, and shape a small to medium-sized effect.

Prediction of Visibility for Color Scheme on the Web Browser with Neural Networks

In this study, we propose neural networks for predicting the visibility of color schemes. In recent years, most of us have accessed websites owing to the spread of the Internet. It is necessary to design web pages that allow users to access information easily. The color scheme is one of the most important elements of website design and therefore, we focus on the visibility of the background and character colors in this study. The prediction methods of visibility of color scheme have been proposed. In one of the prediction methods, neural networks are used to forecast pairwise comparison tables that indicate the visibility of background and character colors. Our model employs neural networks for color recognition and visibility prediction. The neural networks used for color recognition include functions that forecast the color class name from a color and extract the features of the color. The neural networks used for visibility prediction include functions that employ the features of background and character colors extracted by neural networks for color recognition and forecast the visibility of a color scheme. Pairwise comparison tables are forecasted with the prediction results of neural networks for visibility prediction. We conducted pairwise comparison experiment on a web browser, as well as color recognition experiment and evaluated our model. The results of the experiments suggest that our model could improve the accuracy of pairwise comparison tables compared to existing methods. Thus, proposed model can be used to predict the visibility of color schemes.

Multi-Stage Color Modelを用いた背景色と文字色から構成される画像の視認性の予測手法の提案

Multi-Stage Color Modelを用いた背景色と文字色から構成される画像の視認性の予測手法の提案

Factors affecting color discrepancies of animated film characters

Taiwanese fans of animated films have a tendency to distinguish the American style from the Japanese style. However, the factors they use to distinguish these styles are ambiguous. Characters form the soul of an animated film. Color, shape, line, and many other factors affect the appearance and style of these characters. In this study, we analyze the factors affecting color discrepancies in the personal effects of animated film characters. Walt Disney Company (Disney) and Studio Ghibli Inc. (Ghibli) are the most famous animated film companies in America and Japan, respectively. Color samples were gathered from the hair, fur, skin, ornaments, accessories, clothes, and shoes of the characters in both Disney and Ghibli animated films. The results suggest that the national identity and culture of the intended audience affects character designers’ choices regarding a character's color, resulting in a color discrepancy between Disney's and Ghibli's animated films. Shadow, gender, age, and size of the colored area factors also influence the colors chosen for human characters, especially in animated films made after 2000. The hue of a human and nonhuman character's color is always influenced by the character's gender. The size of colored area influences color hue and purity for human characters designed after 2000, and it also influences color hue and brightness for nonhuman characters. A character's age influences color hue for human characters designed after 2000. Therefore, the colors chosen for animated-film characters are influenced by traditional impressions of character's gender and age, and the company that produced the animated film.

Webサイトの配色に基づく視認性に関する分析 : 白色背景における文字色の自己組織化マップによる検討(一般講演 B1)

Webサイトの配色に基づく視認性に関する分析 : 白色背景における文字色の自己組織化マップによる検討(一般講演 B1)

Locating Various Ship License Numbers in the Wild: An Effective Approach

Ship License Numbers (SLNs) play a significant role in intelligent waterway transportation systems. However, there is a dearth of published papers concerning the location of SLNs. In this paper, we present an effective coarse-to-fine approach for locating various SLNs. The proposed method contains four main steps. First, for ships in the wild, the coarse problem of locating SLNs is posed as the detection of specific text groups. In this phase, the proximity and similarity laws of Gestalt Theory are collaboratively used to create text-group hypotheses and detect the meaningful region groups that may contain text in input images. In the second step, four SLN prior features are first summarized. An SLN prior-based fine location process is then conducted to determine the locations of text candidates that actually contain characters and text, i.e., the candidate SLNs. Two connected component classification and merging algorithms are proposed based on height continuity and vertical/horizontal projection analysis. Third, a connected-component scatter-based fake-SLN elimination algorithm is developed. The accurate positions of the SLNs in the input image are obtained in this stage. Finally, partially located SLNs are compensated by a method that characterizes the color and brightness similarity features of characters in the same SLN. The proposed approach is then applied to two collected datasets. The approach is proved to be effective with an overall ship-level location accuracy of 70.38% and a SLN-level F-measure of 0.642 on 950 images with 1374 labeled SLNs.

THE ONLINE SENSORIAL EVALUATION OF FOOD

One of the subjects in the vocational education is the analysis of the quality by sensorial evaluation. The sensorial evaluation of is usually done by humans in a laboratory where used came to approach. This approach is very bound by the schedules, seized the place and disrupt the daily schedule of panelists as students. When there is no match meeting, free time varies between the panelists and researchers, it needs the reverse approach where food came to panelist. On this new approach, panelists tasted the in other place then send the data online from each place. An online framework is required to implement this approach, which facilitates the sensorial serving panelist pour their sensorial response into keyboard beats and data will be directly delivered to researcher computer. Practitioners utilize collaborative space from provider https://bambangtriatma.wikispaces.comandhttps://kwiksurveys.comto perform the evaluation of the as part of the courses the analysis of the quality. One of the stages in the evaluation of is researching the reliability of prospective panelists in judging the food. There are many aspects of the sensorial characteristic: taste, flavor, texture and color, but color is the most already digitally judged than the other aspects. Therefore, at the beginning, the color aspect was first choosed by this system. Sensitivity of the prospective panelists against color examined their ability to identify the color of adjacent characters, then asked to decide whether the pair of different color or not. This approach is easy to doby computer screen thanks to the existence of a system of colors digitally mapping. Data is forwarded via the internet network with specific applications. This system makes it easy for researchers in the future to recruit prospective panelists as well asdoing the actual sensorial testing.

Integrated Method for Text Detection in Natural Scene Images

In this paper, we present a novel image operator to extract textual information in natural scene images. First, a powerful refiner called the Stroke Color Extension, which extends the widely used Stroke Width Transform by incorporating color information of strokes, is proposed to achieve significantly enhanced performance on intra-character connection and non-character removal. Second, a character classifier is trained by using gradient features. The classifier not only eliminates non-character components but also remains a large number of characters. Third, an effective extractor called the Character Color Transform combines color information of characters and geometry features. It is used to extract potential characters which are not correctly extracted in previous steps. Fourth, a Convolutional Neural Network model is used to verify text candidates, improving the performance of text detection. The proposed technique is tested on two public datasets, i.e., ICDAR2011 dataset and ICDAR2013 dataset. The experimental results show that our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance.

Characterization of 13 Accessions of Purslane (Portulaca sp.) from Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

Characterization is part of crop the breeding process aims to protect biodiversity and preserve local germplasm. Indonesia has two known species of Portulaca, Portulaca oleracea and P. grandiflora. Thirteen Portulaca accessions have been collected from Bogor area, comprising five accessions of Portulaca oleracea and eight accessions of Portulaca grandiflora. This study was aimed at the characterization of the 13 accessions and was undertaken at Indoflower BLST, Bogor, between October 2015 to February 2016. The results showed a significant difference in the color of flowers between the two species of Portulaca. The most significant difference is the overall appearance of P. oleracea species. Character color and shape of the flowers between the P. grandiflora white (GW) and P. oleracea are similar. Significant differences between the species exist in relation to the root systems, but the root systems of accessions within each species are generally similar. The branching characteristics between the two species and among accessions are generally similar, with branches emerging through the base of leaves or nodes. However, there are differences in the leaf characteristics between the two species. This study has provided information on flower characteristics of P. grandiflora and P. oleraceae which will be valuable for future breeding efforts in Portulaca.