Distribution Channels Research Articles

A Study on analysis of financial statement of ICICI Bank

Financial Statement Analysis is a technique used to examine and assess a company's accounting reports (financial statements) to evaluate its past, present, or projected future performance. This evaluation process enables better decision-making in terms of the company's economic activities. Financial statement analysis has various users, which can be categorized into internal and external users. Internal users refer to the company's management who analyze financial statements to make decisions regarding the company's operations. On the other hand, external users may not be directly associated with the company but still have a financial interest. These external users include owners, investors, creditors, government entities, employees, customers, and the public. The roles and importance of these users are explained below: The company's managers utilize financial statement analysis to make informed decisions about their performance. For example, they may analyze their accounting reports to determine the cost per distribution channel or the amount of cash remaining, and then make decisions based on these analysis results. Small business owners require financial information from their operations to assess the profitability of their business. This information aids in making decisions such as whether to continue operating the business, whether to enhance business strategies, or whether to discontinue the business altogether.

Examination of Dominant Factors Affecting The Decision To Purchase Personal Medical Devices

This study aims to analyze the effect of product quality, price perception, advertising and distribution channels on purchasing decisions for personal health devices. In addition, this study also aims to determine the dominant factors that influence purchasing decisions for medical devices. This research was conducted in Denpasar City by taking a research sample of 100 (one hundred) people using purposive sampling technique. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques, t test and F test and test of determination. The result of the research is product quality, price perception has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, while distribution channels have no significant effect on purchasing decisions. The implication of this research is that manufacturers who provide medical devices must be able to carry out price strategies in improving purchasing decisions and controlling market share in the health industry.

Marketing Strategies through Product Awareness, Service Quality and Product Quality Assurance on Consumer Purchasing Decisions

In the dynamic pharmaceutical industry, companies are undergoing significant transformations in their interactions with consumers. The health industry involves various stakeholders, and pharmaceutical products, such as medications, are predicted to continually increase in demand with the growth of the middle class in Indonesia. Pharmaceutical manufacturers compete through distribution channels such as pharmacies and large pharmaceutical retailers to meet the demands of the government, patients, and entrepreneurs. With the rising number of patients, PT. Satoria Aneka Industri needs to develop a marketing strategy to remain competitive by enhancing the quality of products, services, and quality assurance. Positioned as the second-largest market share holder, PT. Satoria Aneka Industri aims to become the leader in the Indonesian market with a marketing strategy focused on the Unique Selling Point (USP), improving service quality, and ensuring product quality. Product awareness, service quality, and product quality assurance are considered determining factors in consumer purchasing decisions, with marketing strategy analysis focused on the company's infusion products.

Examine the distribution strategy of Varun beverages ltd. insights and lesson from PepsiCo’s expansion in the Indian market

To analyse and understand the distribution strategy of Varun Beverages Ltd., a key PepsiCo franchisee in India, and to draw insights and lessons from PepsiCo apus’s expansion in the Indian market through this partnership. · The study aims to examine the effectiveness of Varun Beverages apos, distribution network, its focus on rural markets, utilization of innovative channels, supply chain management practices, and brand building efforts. By exploring these aspects, the study aims to offer insightful information for companies looking to enhance their distribution strategies and market penetration in India NEED FOR THE STUDY The necessity of researching Varun Beverages Ltd.'s distribution plan. is significant for various reasons. The first step is to comprehend Varun Beverages Ltd.'s distribution strategy. can offer insightful information about its operations and business model. Investors, scholars, and industry analysts interested in the company's performance and future growth prospects may find this information helpful. Second, examining a company's distribution strategy can reveal best practices and lessons discovered that other companies in the same industry can use. As an illustration, the understanding obtained from examining Varun Beverages Ltd. 's distribution strategy can be used as a model for other beverage companies that operate in comparable markets. Thirdly, researching a company's distribution strategy can assist in determining market opportunities and challenges. For example, knowing Varun Beverages Ltd.'s distribution channels. can assist in locating potential markets for the company's reach and market share growth. Analysing market trends and competitors can also assist the business in anticipating and adapting to changes in the industry.

Marketing Innovation and the Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Oyo Township, Nigeria

The performance of SMEs has continued to generate immense research attention among scholars and researchers in the extant literature. Many factors have been investigated in SME performance but there remain some literature gaps. Based on this premise, the present study examined the direct influence of marketing innovation on SME performance and also investigated the mediating role of research & development in the relationship between marketing innovation and SME performance. The study adopted a survey research design and data. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 175 small-medium enterprises in Oyo township using a convenient sampling technique. Two hypotheses were tested with the IBM-SPSS version 25. The study found that there is a positive relationship between perceived product innovation and perceived performance. The study found that perceived collaboration innovation exhibited a positive relationship with perceived performance. The study found that perceived distribution channel innovation also showed a positive association with perceived performance. The study found that there was a joint influence of (product innovation, digital marketing technologies, collaboration innovation, and distribution channel innovation) on perceived performance. The study found that research & development mediated the relationship between perceived workload and life satisfaction. The study concluded that marketing innovation influences SMEs' performance and research & development also mediated the link between marketing innovation and SMEs performance.

Revolutionizing the cultural industry: The transformative power of data processing algorithms

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of data processing algorithms on the cultural industry, focusing on user behavior analysis, dynamic content adaptation, content discovery, efficient distribution networks, and driving creative innovation. Through the application of sophisticated machine learning models and quantitative analysis, this study demonstrates the transformative potential of algorithms in enhancing user engagement, optimizing distribution channels, and fostering creative innovation. By analyzing vast datasets from leading cultural content platforms, social media, and collaborative creation platforms, the paper reveals significant improvements in user consumption rates, engagement metrics, global market penetration, and the development of novel content formats. The findings underscore the importance of algorithmic insights in shaping the future of the cultural industry, offering personalized experiences, streamlining distribution, and expanding creative horizons.

Implementasi Saluran Distribusi Pada PT Surya Donasin

Distribution channels play a very important role in the success of a company's marketing. because distribution is the spearhead of the company in marketing products or services. Products reach consumers directly or indirectly through distribution channels. In choosing the most appropriate distribution channel to use, the company must be in accordance with the conditions and objectives of the company. Distribution channels are the core of the company's efforts to distribute goods from producers to consumers. The author's purpose of this study is to find out: 1) Implementation of distribution channels at PT Surya Donasin, 2) What are the obstacles to implementing distribution channels at PT Surya Donasin, 3) Efforts to deal with obstacles to implementing distribution channels at PT Surya Donasin. The results of the review conducted, 1) The distribution channel carried out by PT Surya Donasin uses an intensive distribution channel to obtain a wider market. 2) Constraints in implementing distribution channels, namely, market potential that has not been covered, payment administration that does not match the specified time, lack of human resources and facilities to support the distribution process, procurement of goods that are often out of stock. 3) Efforts to overcome obstacles, namely, the Supervisor makes visits to check each store, checks stores that still have bills that are past the payment time, adds resources and facilities as needed, always maintains inventory so that out of stock does not occur Keywords: distribution channels, implementation, marketing

Estimation of Hardness Level and Total Dissolved Solids in Ground Water at Shendi Town, River Nile State, Sudan

Water is life but hardness in water is harmful to human health. This descriptive and analytical study was conducted to determine the levels of hardness and concentration of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) in drinking water in Shendi town of Sudan. The drinking water samples of 150 (50 samples for each season) were collected from wells, distribution channels and storage facilities and tested per season. The analysis of these samples was done using photometer device to determine the water hardness and result is displayed as mg/l CaCO3, while for estimation of TDS Conductivity / TDS meter and results were noted in parts per million (PPM). The results of this study found that water hardness is found in 48%, 56% and 50% of tested samples during Summer, Autumn and Winter seasons respectively. While Water Quality Index (WQI) base on TDS showed that water quality is excellent and good in autumn and winter seasons, but unacceptable for drinking during the summer season. Based on the findings, the study recommends that Civil Water Corporation should improve the quality of drinking water by treating the water before supplying to the community.

Value Chain Analysis for Chicken Layer Industry on Districts in Limapuluh Kota Regency, West Sumatera

Eggs and chicken meat are poultry products, and their demand continuously increases yearly. Limapuluh Kota Regency is the home of the largest chicken layer industry in West Sumatra. This district's total population of chickens reaches as much as 10 million. This industry has made a significant contribution to the district’s economy. In contrast, the number of farmers decreased significantly due to the low profit margin, while the egg market price was comparatively high. Our study aimed to investigate the value chain in the poultry product industry, especially in West Sumatra, and how the added value is shared among the actors. We want to determine the distribution channels, the actors, value creation, and value distribution along the supply chain. We analyze the value chain of the chicken layer industry, identify activities performed by each actor, and value creation in each stage. Value added was analyzed using a value-added Hayami method, defining the value added as the difference between the output and input values. The results showed that the structure of the industry value chain of chicken layer farms in Limapuluh Kota Regency consists of poultry shops (PS), breeders, traders, wholesalers, small traders, and consumers. Comparative analysis showed that wholesalers gain the most significant value-added distribution at 29.11 %, the second the breeder at 29.05 %, then small traders at 20.07 %, and then poultry shops at 14.17 %, and the last is traders at 7.60 %.

AIRLINE PRICING: HOW AIRLINES USE PRICING STRATGEIES

Airline pricing strategies play a pivotal role in the aviation industry's revenue management. This abstract explores the intricate mechanisms behind airline pricing, delving into the fundamental principles, factors, and techniques utilized by airlines to set fares. Drawing from a combination of academic research, industry reports, and real-world examples, this abstract provides a concise overview of the dynamic landscape of airline pricing. The abstract begins by elucidating the core objectives of airline pricing strategies, emphasizing the dual goals of maximizing revenue and optimizing capacity utilization. It then delineates the key determinants that shape pricing decisions, including demand forecasting, market segmentation, competition analysis, cost considerations, and consumer behavior. Furthermore, the abstract elucidates various pricing tactics employed by airlines, such as dynamic pricing, yield management, fare differentiation, and ancillary revenue generation. It examines how advanced analytics and revenue management systems enable airlines to dynamically adjust fares in response to fluctuating demand patterns, market conditions, and competitor actions. Moreover, the abstract explores the role of distribution channels in airline pricing, highlighting the importance of direct bookings, online travel agencies (OTAs), global distribution systems (GDS), and partnerships with intermediaries. It also discusses the emergence of personalized pricing strategies, leveraging big data analytics and machine learning algorithms to tailor fares based on individual preferences and purchasing behavior. Additionally, the abstract touches upon the regulatory frameworks and ethical considerations surrounding airline pricing practices, including transparency, fairness, and consumer protection. It underscores the need for airlines to strike a balance between revenue optimization and customer satisfaction, fostering trust and loyalty among passengers. In conclusion, this abstract offer valuable insights into the complex ecosystem of airline pricing strategies, shedding light on the multifaceted interplay between market dynamics, technological advancements, and business objectives. By understanding the underlying principles and tactics of airline pricing, stakeholders can navigate the competitive landscape more effectively, driving sustainable growth and profitability in the aviation industry.

Sustainable business models in SMEs: The customer’s perspective


 
 
 The main purpose of the study is to identify the relationship between sustainability goals and measures of the degree of sustainable policy implementation, as well as the customer perspective as determined by the business model (BM) template of A. Osterwalder and Y. Pigneur. In the conducted research, the customer perspective takes into account five elements of the BM and each element was examined by several characteristics. The elements of the BM from the customer perspective are: customer segment, value proposition, distribution channels, customer relationships, and revenue. The study used the authors’ survey questionnaire, in which respondents, who were enterprises in the SME sector, answered questions about their own BM divided into three layers – business, social, and environmental. The results were statistically analysed using SPSS STATISTIC 28 software and a logit model was developed to verify the significance of the relationship between the binary variables studied. 303 enterprises participated in the survey, 59% of which were enterprises guided by sustainability goals (SGs) in their BMs. However, only 27% of those surveyed had measures of the degree of sustainable policy implementation.
 
 
 
 The conducted research confirmed that acting in accordance with SGs is strongly related to customer-oriented elements of the business model, such as (1) customer segregation by sex or by level of environmental awareness, (2) value proposition – an environmental orientation, (3) distri- bution channels – direct sales online, (4) customer relationships through dedicated personal assistance or automated service based on personal customer profiles, (5) revenue – sales of products and services. Slightly different results were obtained for using measures of the degree of the SD policy implementation, where the highest correlation occurred for: (1) main customers – manufacturing entrepreneurs, (2) customer segregation by end-user experience or by level of involvement in socially important issues, (3) value proposition – strengthening democracy, (4) distribution channels – wholesale stores are run by partners, (5) customer relationships through self-service or automated service based on personal customer profiles or involving customers in the product development process, (6) revenue – rental/lease/leasing or licenses.
 
 
 
 
 

Comparative Study on the Challenges of Distribution of Finished Goods to Customers in Different Types of Retail Stores

The study was undertaken as qualitative research. The purpose of this study is to compare the channels chosen by retailers to distribute goods to the final consumer. For the purpose of the study 3 different kinds of retails stores were chosen to understand their distribution of goods to the final customer. The retail stores chosen were Malls, Kirana stores and a cloth shop. The method of research was by interview method. The variables chosen for the study were types of channels, channel management, hybrid channels which were independent variables, and the dependent variable was creation of value. Five major questions were asked based on the value creation challenges retailers face in distribution management. From the study it was understood that retailers choose hybrid channels for distribution of goods to the final consumer to enhance the value.

Is the Sky the Limit for Menteen Studios?*

ABSTRACTThis case exposes students to an intriguing industry: film production and distribution. The focus on relevant costing allows students to make recommendations about keeping, dropping, or expanding a distribution channel and about venturing into a new technology for film distribution. The analysis requires critical thinking. Because students are provided with relatively sparse financial information, they are less likely to be fixated on data and more likely to think critically about how to structure analyses to address strategic and operational issues being weighed by the studio. In addition, the case requires students to communicate their recommendations and the underlying assumptions effectively. This case is suitable for use in undergraduate and graduate managerial and cost accounting courses, introductory MBA courses in managerial accounting or strategic thinking, or undergraduate or graduate courses that are specific to the entertainment industry.

Manajemen Strategi Pengembangan Pasar Industri Kripik Jamur Bintang Mas Srengat Kabupaten Blitar

Industrial development management must be implemented optimally by business actors, it is an absolute requirement for companies to be able to develop rapidly. The strategies implemented are certainly needed by business actors, starting from utilizing market digitalization, building distribution channels, to providing services that make it easier and satisfy consumers. This research was carried out at a home industry (UMKM) for Bintang Mas Mushroom Chips in Kauman Srengat, Blitar Regency. This research is to find internal and external factors and determine alternative strategies for developing MSMEs in the Bintang Mas mushroom chips industry. The method in this research is a descriptive analysis method. With interviews, documentation and observations at the research location. As a result of the research, several internal factors were found that encouraged the development of the Kauman gold star mushroom chips industry, Srengat District, Blitar Regency. The company has employees who are competent in their fields, utilize digital marketing, fast distribution, and a friendly and good customer service model. Furthermore, external factors include increasing company income, increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of business operations, and adopting various strategies implemented by competitors. Alternative strategies used by the company, namely increasing production capacity and quantity in a continuous improvement framework to meet market demand, expanding cooperative relations between companies and farmers, companies and customers, signifying various promotions, discount strategies for chips mushrooms on certain days, product packaging quality innovation that is more creative and attractive

Navigating Oman’s Digital Landscape: The Impact of Demographics on SME Marketing

Purpose of the study: This study aims to investigate the influence of demographic factors such as the Employment sector, Education, and Designation on Digital Content Marketing dimensions such as Brand awareness (BA), Customer Engagement (CE), Customer Retention (CR), and Customer Information (CI) from Oman's leading SMEs. Methodology: This study used a deductive research approach to test hypotheses. A survey of 155 Omani SME managers in middle and senior roles was conducted. Demographic variables were analyzed using one-way ANOVA statistical analysis to compare their influence on the research findings. Main Findings: This study found significant influence of content marketing on the Hospitality, Technology, and Service sectors, which use websites, blogs, and social media. In contrast, Engineering, Real Estate, Education, and SME managers focus more on customer engagement and retention. Education level also impacts brand awareness, customer retention, and engagement. Applications of the study: The results of this study will help SMEs and businesses target audiences more effectively, create content that appeals to their interests, select the best distribution channels, and optimize their marketing spending. This study advances knowledge of efficient marketing strategies in Oman's developing digital environment. Novelty of the study: The study provides a fresh perspective on how geographical and demographic variables influence digital content marketing strategies of SMEs in Oman, presenting original empirical data from this understudied region and sector.

Digital opportunities for the distribution of index‐based microinsurance: Evidence from a discrete choice experiment in Mali

AbstractIndex‐based microinsurance is a promising risk management tool for smallholder farmers. Recently, several mobile‐delivered insurance schemes have entered the market. Depending on the degree of digitisation of the product, farmers can learn about the insurance, register, pay premiums and receive payouts via a mobile phone. As cell phone usage and network coverage constantly increase, digitally enabled insurance distribution may overcome previous barriers for insurance adoption. Still, farmers' preferences for these products remain largely unknown. We address this knowledge gap by means of a discrete choice experiment applied to 499 maize farmers in Mali. The experiment presents an easy‐to‐understand multi‐peril crop insurance linked to a greenness index. It focuses on attributes related to the distribution channel and product design. Using mixed logit models, we find that the insurance attributes enabled by mobile‐delivery are attractive to farmers. Product bundles that include mobile‐delivered weather information and agricultural advice in addition to the insurance policy or credit access increase the likelihood of farmers taking out insurance. Similarly, recommendations from fellow farmers increase interest in the insurance product. The results are highly relevant for future product improvements that are needed to increase adoption rates and ultimately realise the loss‐hedging potential of microinsurance.

Identifying a selection mechanism of distribution channel for the supply chain: The barriers to the application of web 3.0

The application of Web 3.0 will bring unprecedented changes to the supply chain, where many industries are seeing significant cost reductions. However, due to the requirement of stability for supply chain, sometimes the total cost of supply chain cannot decrease effectively under Web 2.0, which may hinder the application of Web 3.0. Following the application from Web 2.0 to Web 3.0, this paper discusses the selection of distribution channel whose cost is under user stickiness and the degree of digitalization. The system optimum model, which is commonly used in dynamic traffic allocation, is applied to solve the distribution channel selection problem. The results implies that when the degree of digitalization is low, the distribution channel cost first decreases and then increases as user stickiness increases. This trend of channel cost illustrates the price induction on user stickiness initially, and gradually adjust the price to be higher when user stickiness makes channel transformation costly. Customers with unclear user stickiness perceptions and weak channel control can easily be trapped in the transition from Web 2.0 to Web 3.0. Distributors will also be forced to accept high product costs due to the price induction from product distribution channels.

One-Step Synthesis of Nanoporous Alumina by an Intelligent Gel Template

In this research, an novel green method for one-step synthesis of nanoporous alumina based on an intelligent recyclable template, which has sensitive response to temperature and can be easily removed from product and recycled to reuse by its phase changes with temperature, was applied. Using NaAlO2 as the aluminum source and temperature-sensitive intelligent gel methylcellulose (MC) as the template, the nanoporous alumina products with large specific surface area, narrow pore size distribution and worm-like pore channels were successfully prepared. And the influence of reaction time, template concentration and NaAlO2 solution concentration on the preparation of nanoporous alumina was studied.

Impacts of Behavioral, Organizational, and Spatial Factors on the Carbon Footprint of Traditional Retail and E-commerce in the Paris Region.

Carbon footprint assessment of retail is necessary to optimize procurement strategies and adopt sustainable shopping habits. However, estimating carbon footprints is a complex task, given the diversity of existing distribution channels. Average values for carbon emissions of "conventional" retail (i.e., purchasing and receiving the product directly at the physical point of sale) found in most studies mask a heterogeneous reality: different retail strategies entail diverse shopping behavior for consumers, as well as varied procurement processes for outlets. In this paper, we propose a methodology to assess greenhouse gas (GHG) impacts of different distribution systems related to the consumption of goods in the Paris Region by coupling traditional transport modeling with a life-cycle assessment (LCA) approach. We model and compare six distribution systems, including five traditional retail formats (hypermarkets, supermarkets, small generalist retail, small food retail, and small nonfood retail) and E-commerce home deliveries. Our model includes warehouse activity, shop and home delivery, shop energy consumption, consumer mobility, and goods packaging. Overall, we conclude that E-commerce emits fewer GHG emissions than retail outlets per kilogram of product purchased. This result is in line with the existing literature on the topic. However, the carbon footprint varies greatly within the case study depending on the characteristics of the logistics procurement processes of outlets, the behavior of shoppers, and spatial characteristics.

Implications of unobservable promotion on distribution channel strategies in a retail platform

Besides distribution services, retail platforms are beginning to provide unobservable promotion services to enhance traffic and demand. Thus, suppliers are incentive to consider the impact of platform promotion on distribution channel strategies. Hence, considering a retail platform supply chain in which the supplier uses an outcome-based contract to incentivize the retail platform’s hidden promotion effort, this paper investigates the implications of unobservable platform promotion on the supplier’s distribution channel strategies. We develop a Stackelberg game model to examine the equilibrium outcomes of reselling and agency selling under unobservable promotion action and find that the retail platform may volunteer to promote in both channels when the market potential difference is large. Interestingly, voluntary promotion may motivate the supplier to increase the wholesale price. Furthermore, we derive conditions under which the supplier prefers reselling and agency selling. When the market potential difference is small, the distribution channel strategy is a threshold policy of the commission rate, below which agency selling is preferred, and reselling is preferred otherwise. It is counterintuitive that when the market potential difference is large, the commission rate will not influence the preference of channel selection and the reselling channel is always preferred by the supplier. Interestingly, the impact of platform promotion on the threshold of distribution channel strategies is non-monotonic in the increment probability of high market potential and market potential difference. Specifically, platform promotion induces the upstream supplier to select the reselling channel suppose the increment probability of high market potential is moderate, while induces the supplier to select the agency selling (reselling) channel when the market potential difference is moderate (large) suppose the increment probability of high market potential is high. Moreover, we find that enhancing the increment probability of high market potential benefits the supplier more, but only moderate increment probability of high market potential makes the retail platform better off.