Distribution Channels Research Articles

The Effect of Product Quality, Price and Distribution Channels on Purchasing Decisions

The Effect of Product Quality, Price and Distribution Channels on Purchasing Decisions

Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Pindang pada CV Putra Kresna Desa Brondong Kabupaten Lamongan

The establishment of a business will require an appropriate strategy in developing the business. The smoked fish business CV Putra Kresna in Brondong Village, Lamongan Regency, is one of the well-known businesses in processing smoked fish in Lamongan. This research aims to: (1) analyze the internal and external environmental conditions of the smoked fish business CV. Putra Kresna, (2) analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the smoked fish business at CV Putra Kresna, (3) analyze the business development strategy of the smoked fish business at CV. Putra Kresna. This research is used to obtain descriptive qualitative data. The methods used are observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. The research focus is aimed at the internal and external environmental conditions as well as the appropriate marketing development strategy to be applied to the smoked fish business of Cv Putra Kresna. The research location was carried out at the location of Cv Putra Kresna in Brondong Village, Lamongan Regency. Data analysis was carried out using SWOT matrix analysis, and IE Matrix. After analyzing the results of the internal and external conditions of the smoked fish business marketing of Cv Putra Kresna, the main strength lies in the ease of obtaining raw materials, the main weakness lies in the limited distribution channels to modern markets, the main opportunity lies in the business development of smoked fish and the main threat lies in government regulations related to food product standardization. The formulation of alternative strategies using the SWOT matrix resulted in four alternative marketing developments for the Smoked Fish Business Cv Putra Kresna, namely (1) Utilizing proximity to fish landing sites to obtain fresh raw materials in a short time after fishermen's catches; (2) Developing distribution channels; (3) Increasing product innovation; (4) Ensuring compliance with government regulations regarding food product standardization.

Enhancing the Security of Classical Communication with Post-Quantum Authenticated-Encryption Schemes for the Quantum Key Distribution

This research aims to establish a secure system for key exchange by using post-quantum cryptography (PQC) schemes in the classic channel of quantum key distribution (QKD). Modern cryptography faces significant threats from quantum computers, which can solve classical problems rapidly. PQC schemes address critical security challenges in QKD, particularly in authentication and encryption, to ensure the reliable communication across quantum and classical channels. The other objective of this study is to balance security and communication speed among various PQC algorithms in different security levels, specifically CRYSTALS-Kyber, CRYSTALS-Dilithium, and Falcon, which are finalists in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization project. The quantum channel of QKD is simulated with Qiskit, which is a comprehensive and well-supported tool in the field of quantum computing. By providing a detailed analysis of the performance of these three algorithms with Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA), the results will guide companies and organizations in selecting an optimal combination for their QKD systems to achieve a reliable balance between efficiency and security. Our findings demonstrate that the implemented PQC schemes effectively address security challenges posed by quantum computers, while keeping the the performance similar to RSA.

Phát triển và chuyển giao nhanh sản phẩm, dịch vụ tài chính số sử dụng nền tảng low-code

The 4th Industrial Revolution has a profound impact on social life in general as well as the Finance sector in particular. Industrial Revolution 4.0 not only creates a basis for developing new business models, diversifying distribution channels and improving user experience, but also changes the way of developing financial products and services in the digital environment based on new platforms and development methods. New platforms and development methods allow for shortening the time to develop and transfer financial and banking products and services while still ensuring they meet security requirements and facilitate deployment on the infrastructure as well as conversion to a cloud environment. Using the method of document review and analysis, the article deeply analyzes the low-code platform and proposes combined method Scurm- Extreme Programming for software development using the low-code platform integrated with Continuous Integration- Continuous Delivery process.

Research on Moutai Cross-border Product Marketing Optimization Strategies: Taking Moutai Ice Cream as an Example

Purpose - On May 19, 2022, Moutai and Mengniu reached a strategic cooperation, announced the opening of the country’s first Moutai ice cream flagship store, and launched Moutai ice cream in various flavors including original, vanilla and other flavors, achieving growth against the trend. Moutai has entered the high-end ice cream market by engaging in strategic collaborations with Mengniu. However, in the marketing process, since Moutai ice cream is not a traditional alcoholic product, Moutai needs to explore new marketing methods. Design/Methodology/Approach - This article utilizes the 4P theory as a framework to elucidate the present status of Moutai ice cream products, encompassing pricing, distribution channels, and promotional strategies. Secondly, it highlights the issues and underlying reasons in the marketing of the Moutai ice cream brand. Finally, specific countermeasures and suggestions were proposed regarding brand value, brand culture, cross-border channels, and communication methods. Findings - Summarizes the existing problems such as product cross-border impact on brand value, the launch of new products that fails to continue the image of Moutai, the limitations of radiating target consumer groups, and the lack of interaction between Moutai ice cream and consumers, etc., and puts forward specific issues. Countermeasure suggestions. Research Implications - The research in this article has enhanced the cross-border marketing capabilities of Moutai ice cream, which is significant for improving the sales level and brand influence of Moutai ice cream. It also provides reference and guidance for other companies in the industry regarding their brand’s cross-border strategies.

A Comparative Analysis on Discourse Reviews about Differentiated Semiotic Value Consumption Brand Groups in Cosmetics Consumers: Focusing on Text Mining

Purpose: This study began by investigating the similarities and differences among segmented markets within the color cosmetics industry, which are subdivided into low-cost color, high-priced, and imported color cosmetics, positioned as differentiated identities, and what are the similarities and differences between the segmented markets of the color cosmetics brand group.Methods: To perform this study, we used Python version 3.10.6 to crawl discourse from attracting value-driven consumers in the color cosmetics category on Naver Shopping Mall. After that, we completed the pre-processing steps and then conducted Word Cloud analysis, N-gram analysis, Topic Modeling analysis, Similarity analysis, and Sentiment analysis.Results: The text mining analysis showed several interesting findings. Notably, we found a new distribution channel where innovative consumers make purchases through live broadcasts performed within a short period. Furthermore, the analysis indicated that while low-priced and imported color cosmetics submarkets showed different logical results, they utilized similar discourse patterns. Furthermore, each segmented submarket was observed to possess a distinct positioning strategy.Conclusion: The consumer groups that utilized the taste value, the subject of comparative analysis, and used the low-cost, high-value, and imported color cosmetics have different identities. Consequently, the market segmentation and positioning of these brands differ, and consumer preferences vary. This allows us to outline the direction of the domestic color cosmetics industry and provide basic theoretical materials for marketing strategies. According to the research results obtained from each comparative research group, it will be possible to present a wide range of practical implications for management and marketing strategies to strengthen the market competitiveness of color cosmetics brand segments.

Linear Programming Model for Sunflower Oil Supply Chain Network

Food supply networks are vital to the global economy, producing and consuming products worldwide. Supply chain management (SCM) has emerged as a crucial technique to optimize the integrated network of suppliers, factories, warehouses, customers, and distribution channels. SCM aims to ensure efficient raw material sources, transformation, transportation, and timely customer delivery. Edible oil, a crucial ingredient for cooking and food preparation, is utilized by people from all social classes. Vegetable oils, particularly sunflower, soybean, peanut, and others, are the main source of edible oils, which have less unsaturated fatty acids compared to animal oils. The production and consumption of edible oils have substantial environmental impacts, necessitating increased research to address these implications. Sunflower, a valuable oilseed crop, is grown worldwide due to its short growing season and adaptability to various climates and soil types. Sunflower seeds have high oil and protein content, making them popular for their health benefits. This article uses a linear optimization model for the sunflower oil supply chain from the farmer to the end user. The objective is to minimize the overall transportation cost subject to capacity, demand fulfillment, and waste management.

Exploring customer preferences to drive successful food supplement placement in Croatia

This study examines the preferences and influences on the decisions of Croatiancustomers when purchasing food supplements. A survey of 312 customers of foodsupplements in Croatia found that distribution channels and pharmaciessignificantly influence the purchasing process, attributed to the value added bypharmacists. The most important aspects that customers consider are the type andamount of active and auxiliary ingredients (excipients) of the product. Brand-conscious customers consider the manufacturer and the product’s country of originimportant. The greatest influence is the recommendation of family members orfriends. People prefer to choose a food supplement that offers value for money, butthose without previous experience with the product are more price sensitive andbuy on sales promotions such as discounts and packaging at a promotional price.Based on the results of this study, manufacturers and distributors of foodsupplements can create strategies in which, through co-creation with consumers,they achieve a competitive edge, encourage loyalty, and improve business results.

The planning process for marketing a service about to enter a foreign market: a concept case study

Purpose of the article – this case study aims to provide a strategic marketing plan aimed at facilitating a successful deployment of the conceptual “BurKI” SaaS into the highly competitive German market. Research methodology – the concept is developed based on the analysis of market dynamics, competitor landscape, and cultural nuances of the target consumer base. Drawing from the 7P Marketing Mix framework, we consider product adaptation, pricing strategies, distribution channels, promotional strategies, and organizational structuring. Findings – this study highlights the importance of localization, the digital nature of its marketing strategy, and alignment of brand values with the target consumer. It expands on the need for flexibility, adaptability, and continuous monitoring to ensure effective implementation, and lastly market penetration. Practical implications – the herein described strategies aim to offer practical insight for businesses seeking to expand into international markets, particularly culturally diverse targets like Germany. By putting emphasis on customer-centricity, agility, and innovation, businesses can improve their competitiveness and establish a strong presence. Originality/Value – this concept case study contributes to the literature by providing a comprehensive marketing plan tailored specifically for the German market, integrating both theoretical frameworks and practical insights. It highlights the importance of cultural sensitivity and strategic planning in the deployment of an international marketing campaign

Transformation and Sustainability: The Canvas Business Model in SMEs in The New Normal

This study aims to explore how Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the manufacturing sector adapt to the Canvas Business Model in facing the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic and the New Normal era. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with owners and managers of manufacturing SMEs in various regions. The results show that transformations in customer segments, value propositions, and distribution channels are key to maintaining business sustainability. Significant changes also occurred in customer relationships and revenue streams, where innovation and digitalization played a critical role. Successfully adapted SMEs demonstrated flexibility in cost structures and key partnerships, allowing them to respond quickly to market changes. The study concludes that the adoption of the Canvas Business Model helped manufacturing SMEs not only survive but also thrive amidst the uncertainty caused by the pandemic. The practical implications of this study provide valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers in supporting SME sustainability in the post-pandemic era. Recommendations for further research include further exploration of the long-term impacts of these adaptation strategies.

Recent Trends in Life Insurance: Innovations, Challenges, and Implications

This research paper explores recent trends in the life insurance industry, focusing on innovations, challenges, and implications for insurers, consumers, and regulators. Drawing on a comprehensive review of literature, market analysis, and industry reports, the paper examines key trends shaping the landscape of life insurance in the digital age. It highlights the impact of technological advancements, changing consumer preferences, regulatory developments, and demographic shifts on product design, distribution channels, underwriting practices, and risk management strategies. The paper also discusses emerging opportunities and challenges for life insurers in addressing the evolving needs and expectations of customers, enhancing operational efficiency, and navigating regulatory complexities. Through a critical analysis of recent trends, the paper aims to provide insights into the future direction of the life insurance industry and inform stakeholders about potential strategies for sustainable growth and innovation.

Implementación de un Sistema de gestión de la información de ventas aplicando inteligencia de negocios en las PYMES del cantón La Maná

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are essential to the global economy, promoting employment, innovation and sustainable development. Effective sales information management is critical to your success, involving the collection, storage, analysis and application of data about customers, products, distribution channels, prices and market trends. Proper management of this data allows SMEs to understand customer demands, identify market opportunities and optimize their sales strategies.However, SMEs face significant challenges in this area, such as technological limitations, budget constraints and data complexity, which can lead to manual processes, lack of visibility in the supply chain and loss of competitiveness. The research carried out in the La Maná canton, in Cotopaxi, Ecuador, supports the implementation of a sales information management system due to its intense commercial activity and the presence of SMEs in sectors such as agriculture and commerce.The study adopted a mixed methodology, which combined literature review and field research, using inductive and deductive approaches. Managers, administrators and workers from two companies were surveyed. The results indicate that this methodology is effective in achieving the research objectives, underscoring the importance of integrating various methodologies to obtain a complete understanding of the topic

Impact of the flow-field distribution channel cross-section geometry on PEM fuel cell performance: Stamped vs. milled channel

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEM FCs) represent an essential part of the emerging hydrogen economy. Metallic bipolar plates (BPs) allow high speed and capacity production using established industrial technologies, like mechanical stamping. Stamping, however, leads to different cross-sectional shapes of flow-field (FF) channels as compared to milled or compression-moulded bipolar plates. The impact of these changes on the resulting fuel cell performance is not yet fully understood. This study employs an experimentally validated three-dimensional, isothermal, steady-state, continuum-mechanics based mathematical model to gain a deeper insight into this issue and to identify optimal stamped BP channel cross-sectional shapes for parallel and serpentine FF. The uniformity of the local distribution of the physico-chemical quantities and the resulting load curves are analysed. The results obtained confirm that stamped BPs with channels of the trapezoidal cross-section are a viable alternative to the traditional milled or moulded BPs with channels of the rectangular cross-section. The observed differences in performance of FC with stamped and milled channels can be mitigated by optimization of the channel cross-section geometry parameters. As an optimal rib width 0.4 mm and an optimal channel ground width 1 mm for milled and 0.2 mm for stamped BPs are suggested.

THE UKRAINIAN WINE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM: FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND FORMATION CHARACTERISTICS

The article is dedicated to exploring the network that governs the journey of wine from vineyard to consumer. This study delves into the core principles underlying the wine distribution system, highlighting its complexities and the key factors that shape its formation. The distribution system serves as a vital link between producers and consumers, encompassing various stages such as production, logistics, marketing, and sales. The article begins by examining the international wine market and changes in its main indicators, determines which factors affect the distribution system and defines the peculiarities and problems of the functioning system of wine distribution in Ukraine during the russsia invasion. This research article explores the key components of the wine distribution system, highlighting the unique challenges and opportunities at each stage. Moreover, this study examines how distribution channels are established and highlights the key characteristics of the wine distribution system in various countries around the world, including Ukraine. Highlights the importance of studying the factors that influence the wine distribution system, emphasizing its multifaceted impact on market efficiency, consumer satisfaction, regulatory compliance, and sustainability. The goal is to investigate various approaches to the formation of the wine distribution system and the activities of its subjects in various world markets and in Ukraine in a global, changing environment. The research was conducted using the following methods: systematic analysis of global reports and specialized publications and monographs; analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction; classification and analytical; graphic; analysis of recent research and publications. The information base consists of articles, reports that contain information about wine distribution systems, as well as their features of functioning.

Bancassurance in India: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Prospects

The insurance and banking sector of India has witnessed a new opportunity after the opening up of the insurance sector in India in the form of bancassurance which is a practice by which banks are used as the channel of distribution for selling insurance products. This article explores the evolution, opportunities, challenges and prospects of bancassurance. It also contains a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory framework, market trends, and consumer behavior to provide valuable insights into the shaping of the dynamic landscape of the bancassurance business in India. The article also makes recommendations to all the stakeholders for harnessing opportunities and addressing the challenges of the domain.

Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi saluran distribusi PT. Tirta Investama Surabaya

The development of the bottled drinking water (AMDK) business has successfully embedded the values and perspectives of AMDK in Indonesia. In marketing the distribution team has an extensive mineral water distribution network throughout Indonesia. The company has a role to maintain customers by selling distributing products must be done well, distributing products to outlets in a timely and orderly manner, maintaining and maintaining relationships with customers so that they do not switch from our products. The research method used by researchers is quantitative research. The sample in this study is the annual report of PT Tirta Investama for the last three years (2020-2022). The analysis techniques used in this study are descriptions of research data, multiple linear regression tests, normality tests and hypothesis tests. In hypothesis testing there are three tests, namely the t test, F test and determination test. The results of the analysis that have been described answer the objectives and problem formulation of this study. The application of distribution channels at PT Tirta Investama Surabaya is Market coverage can partially affect distribution channels at PT Tirta Investama Surabaya. PT Tirta Investama Surabaya and Goods can partially influence the distribution channels at PT Tirta Investama Surabaya. PT Tirta Investama Surabaya.

Analisis Saluran Distribusi Rantai Pasokan Padi di Desa Mruwak Dagangan Kabupaten Madiun

Mruwak is one of the villages in Madiun Regency where the majority of residents work as farmers. The food commodity most widely grown in the village is rice, while the rest are corn, sweet potatoes and peanuts. With the existence of a supply chain system, it is hoped that it can help farmers determine rice marketing routes effectively and efficiently. The aim of this research is to determine the supply chain system for rice produced by farmers in Mruwak Village. This research is qualitative in nature and the sample was selected purposively and using snowball sampling. The research results show the rice process, starting from land processing, rice planting, to maintenance and harvest. The farmers in the village have experience in growing rice, on average they have been growing rice for more than 10 years so they understand how to grow rice properly, including selecting superior seeds. The supply chain distribution channel used is a simple distribution channel model (1 to 3 level distribution channel model). Determination of selling prices based on agreements between farmers and buyers through demand and supply mechanisms (market mechanisms).

USING ECONOMETRIC MODELS FOR MANAGING DISTRIBUTION PROCESSES

Introduction. The constant increase in competition and rapid changes in market conditions compel various business entities to seek more efficient ways to manage the distribution of goods. In this context, econometric models become an indispensable tool for analysis and forecasting, enabling informed decision-making, optimization of logistics processes, and cost minimization. Objective. The aim of this article is to substantiate effective econometric models for managing the distribution of goods to optimize supply processes, sales, and maximize profits for manufacturers, retailers, and other participants in distribution channels. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research consists of works by domestic and foreign scientists on the implementation of econometric models for managing business processes, including distribution. The informational basis includes scientific, economic, and reference literature, works of leading domestic and foreign scientists, methodological materials, information portals, and periodicals of Ukraine. A set of methods and approaches were used: system analysis – for studying the role and significance of econometric models for goods distribution and identifying their features; methods of analysis and synthesis – for analyzing and systematizing econometric models and determining the advantages and limitations of their application for goods distribution. Results. The study investigates the role and significance of econometric models for goods distribution. It examines how these models can become a key tool in solving optimization tasks, adapting to changing market conditions, and ensuring competitiveness in a world where distribution strategies turn into strategic advantages. The advantages and limitations of applying such models are identified: simple linear or nonlinear demand models; time series autoregressive model ARIMA; exponentially smoothed model ETS; transportation problem model; Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP); Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP); orienteering problem; conjoint analysis. Conclusions. Based on a comparative analysis of the key aspects of using econometric models for goods distribution, their specific aspects depending on the implementation of particular tasks and needs of the business entity are detailed. The main advantages of applying econometric models in distribution are highlighted, primarily providing the ability to effectively consider a large number of factors affecting distribution processes, along with certain limitations of their use. Among the main benefits are more accurate demand forecasting, which allows for optimizing inventories and supply chain management costs, as well as strategies for warehouse placement, route selection for delivery, etc.

Perceptions and usage of traditional cigarettes, electronic cigarettes, and waterpipes among young and middle-aged adults in Iraq: A descriptive study

Tobacco use poses significant public health concerns, linked to various mental and physical health outcomes. Iraq has a high prevalence of smoking, predominantly with traditional cigarettes, but there is also growing popularity of electronic cigarettes and waterpipes among younger and middle-aged adults. This study aims to explore the perceptions and usage of traditional cigarettes, electronic cigarettes, and waterpipes among this population in Iraq. A descriptive study was conducted among 402 young and middle-aged adults (50.25% females), aged between 18 and 45 years, with a mean age of 25.88 (SD = 7.27). For the data collection, an online questionnaire was developed utilizing distribution channels on common social networking platforms. The results showed that 41.79% of respondents have used traditional cigarettes, while 31.1% of participants reported that they use electronic cigarettes. Ninety-four per cent of respondents acknowledged that they use waterpipes. The results also indicated that a significant proportion believe that using electronic cigarettes is either much more harmful or more harmful than traditional cigarettes. Participants commonly perceived all three types of tobacco products as highly harmful, including secondhand smoke, addictive qualities, and popularity among peers. Additionally, significant differences in perceptions emerged between smokers and nonsmokers regarding electronic cigarettes and traditional cigarettes, although no such differences were observed for waterpipes. These findings contribute to understanding the attitudes toward different forms of tobacco use among respondents, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address the perceived harm associated with tobacco products.

Automation of 3D digital rolling circle amplification using a 3D-printed liquid handler

Automation of liquid handling is indispensable to improve throughput and reproducibility in biochemical assays. However, the incorporation of automated systems into laboratory workflows is often hindered by the high cost and complexity associated with building robotic liquid handlers. Here, we report a 3D-printed liquid handler based on a fluidic manifold, thereby obviating the need for complex robotic mechanisms. The fluidic manifold, termed a dispensing and aspirating (DA) device, comprises parallelized multi-pipette structures connected by distribution and aspiration channels, enabling the precise supply and removal of reagents, respectively. Leveraging the versatility of 3D printing, the DA device can be custom-designed and printed to fit specific applications. As a proof-of-principle, we engineered a 3D-printed liquid handler dedicated for 3D digital rolling circle amplification (4DRCA), an advanced biochemical assay involving multiple sample preparation steps such as antibody incubation, cell fixation, nucleic acid amplification, probe hybridization, and extensive washing. We demonstrate the efficacy of the 3D-printed liquid handler to automate the preparation of clinical samples for the simultaneous, in situ analysis of oncogenic protein and transcript markers in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells using 4DRCA. This approach provides an effective and accessible solution for liquid handling automation, offering high throughput and reproducibility in biochemical assays.