Change Of Mind Research Articles

ڕوانگەى هزرمەندانى لیبرال-پارێزگار بۆ کۆمەڵگەى مەدەنى: هزری (ئیدمۆند بێرک، ئەلێکسی دى تۆکڤێل، مایکل ئەواکشۆت) بەنمونە (توێژینەوەیەکى شیکارى ـ بەراوردکارییە)

Civil society carries different and multifaceted meanings and also changes according to historical progress and different philosophical views, the political meaning of the concept is the political development of societies and institutions and relations. Opinions are varying on the meaning of different civil society; the liberal mind emphasizes freedom and individuality in the development of civil society for the sake of individual well-being. But as the worldview of the liberal mind changes according to the differences in the direction of liberalism, conservative liberal intellectual thinkers believe in civil development of communities towards welfare by the condition of preserving civil values and norms, Liberal thinkers, who are governors of how and how to preserve those values and norms, are also different. (Edmund Burke) believes in the preservation of the natural aristocracy, (Alexis de Tocqueville) sees individualism as the basis of democracy in the spirit of the growth of civil society, and (Michael Oakeshott) believes that active liberal individual on the basis of adherence to behavior for the sake of harmony between law and behavior, shortening of the law interference, and daily individual activities can be the main factors of civil society which forgiveness and social harmony have been guaranteed.

The thought of (Edmund Burke, Alexis de Tocqueville and Michael Oakeshott) as a model – an analytical comparative study

Civil society carries different and multifaceted meanings and also changes according to historical progress and different philosophical views, the political meaning of the concept is the political development of societies and institutions and relations. Opinions are varying on the meaning of different civil society; the liberal mind emphasizes freedom and individuality in the development of civil society for the sake of individual well-being. But as the worldview of the liberal mind changes according to the differences in the direction of liberalism, conservative liberal intellectual thinkers believe in civil development of communities towards welfare by the condition of preserving civil values and norms, Liberal thinkers, who are governors of how and how to preserve those values and norms, are also different. (Edmund Burke) believes in the preservation of the natural aristocracy, (Alexis de Tocqueville) sees individualism as the basis of democracy in the spirit of the growth of civil society, and (Michael Oakeshott) believes that active liberal individual on the basis of adherence to behavior for the sake of harmony between law and behavior, shortening of the law interference, and daily individual activities can be the main factors of civil society which forgiveness and social harmony have been guaranteed.

“I say it but wouldn't be happy hearing it from a kid”: Personal boundary parameters in responding to taboo language, swearing and -IST-ing use

As a result of social and linguistic change, the use of swearing and taboo language has become commonplace in Anglophone societies with varying responses to its use. This commonplace use of swearing and taboo language is also apparent in educational institutions. Commentary from educators suggests they are frequently confronted with verbally abusive students in school settings. Data available in Queensland, Australia, illustrate a large percentage of students are suspended and excluded from school for verbal misconduct. As a result, many students are missing school because of institutionally unacceptable but socially and culturally mutable linguistic choices. This article examines the associated responses from stakeholders regarding swearing and taboo language use in school contexts, keeping the societal linguistic change in mind. Adopting a Foucaultian approach of discourse and power and Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), 19 secondary school teachers were interviewed for their perspectives of and responses to the use of taboo language and swearing by secondary school students. Analysis of the data suggest three areas of concern. First, document analysis exposes ambiguity in the institutional behaviour management policies. Second, participant responses reveal limited knowledge of the policies and third, participants’ use of personal parameters rather than policy when responding to swearing and taboo language use by students in school contexts. Therefore, policy needs to be readdressed with these data in mind and further studies relating to swearing and taboo language use in school contexts are required, specifically incorporating international perspectives, which may add insight to this linguistic issue. Short AbstractAs a result of social and linguistic change, the use of swearing and taboo language has become commonplace in Anglophone societies with varying responses to its use. Educational institutions demonstrate similar linguistic change, behaviour, and responses. Adopting a Foucaultian approach of discourse and power and Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), 19 secondary school teachers were interviewed for their perspectives of and responses to the use of taboo language and swearing by students. Data analysis exposes ambiguity in institutional behaviour management policies, limited knowledge of policies by participants and the use of personal parameters by participants in responding to swearing and taboo language use by students in school contexts. Policy needs to be readdressed with these data in mind.

Changes of Mind after Movement Onset Depend on the State of the Motor System.

Decision-making is traditionally described as a cognitive process of deliberation followed by commitment to an action choice, preceding the planning and execution of the chosen action. However, this is challenged by recent data suggesting that during situated decisions, multiple options are specified simultaneously and compete in premotor cortical areas for selection and execution. Previous studies focused on the competition during planning and left unaddressed the dynamics of decisions during movement. Does deliberation extend into the execution phase? Are nonselected options still considered? Here we studied a decision-making task in which human participants were instructed to select a reaching path trajectory from an origin to a rectangular target, where reward was distributed nonuniformly at the target. Critically, we applied mechanical perturbations to the arm during movement to study under which conditions such perturbations produce changes of mind. Our results show that participants initially selected the direction of movement toward the highest reward region and changed their mind most frequently when the two choices offered the same reward, showing that deliberation continues and follows cost–benefit considerations during movement. Furthermore, changes of mind were dependent on the intensity of the perturbation and the current state of the motor system, including velocity and distance to targets. Although reward remains most relevant, our results indicate that the state of the motor system when the perturbation occurs is a crucial determinant of changes of mind.

바울의 Πίστις 이해: 신뢰, 믿음, 혹은 순종? -모건(T. Morgan)의 Πίστις 이해에 대한 비판을 중심으로-

Until now, the word πίστις and the various Greek expressions with it have drawn tremendous scholarly attention from Pauline scholars. They attempted to define the Greek term πίστις in Paul’s usage from multiple angles. One of the recent attempts was done by a classicist Teresa Morgan. Morgan argued that Paul and NT writers based their use of the term πίστις upon its common social understanding of trust in relationship in 1CE. Responding to and independently from her, Pauline scholars produced books and articles to tackle Paul’s understanding of πίστις. Joining this scholarly conversation regarding πίστις, we therefore would like to explore in this paper Paul’s understanding of it with particular attention to its threefold meanings, rejecting the simplistic tendency to define the term uniformly throughout the whole body of his letters. First, the term πίστις means the believers’ positive acceptance of the salvation message in Jesus’ Gospel on the basis of their cognitive change of its evaluation. In this sense, πίστις means faith in the truth claim of Jesus’ Gospel, and reveals the believers’ personal confidence in God’s salvation accomplished by Jesus. Second, πίστις however means total trust in God, who initiated the salvation and accomplished it through his Son Jesus, and Jesus on the basis of their personal belief in the veracity of Jesus event. God proved his faithfulness toward his people by sending his Son to the world and sacrificing him. Through Jesus event transmitted by Paul’s Gospel, that is, through Jesus’ death and resurrection, the believers came to trust in the faithfulness of their God and their savior Jesus. And on the basis of their trust, they are able to enter into a new covenantal relationship with God. Finally, the believers’ change of mind toward and positive acceptance of God’s Gospel, and their trust in God and Jesus require them to show persistent obedience toward God. The πίστις in terms of continuous obedience becomes a new existential realm for the believers and a new life principle. The πίστις in this sense should continue to grow through various life temptations and trials, and should govern their life as the life principle. In this way, the term πίστις for Paul is a very dynamic one with multiple implications in it. This means that when we interpret Paul, we should not reduce the term πίστις to just one meaning and thereby, limit the dynamics of Pauline theology. Our understanding of Paul will be made proper when we pay attention to particular implications of this term in various contexts of Paul’s letters.

Putnam’s Alethic Pluralism and the Fact-Value Dichotomy

Hilary Putnam spent much of his career criticizing the fact/value dichotomy, and this became apparent already during the phase when he defended internal realism. He later changed his epistemological and metaphysical view by endorsing natural realism, with the consequence of embracing alethic pluralism, the idea that truth works differently in various discourse domains. Despite these changes of mind in epistemology and in theory of truth, Putnam went on criticizing the fact/value dichotomy. However, alethic pluralism entails drawing distinctions among discourse domains, especially between factual and nonfactual domains, and these distinctions are in tension with the rejection of the fact/value dichotomy, as this would in principle hinder factual domains as genuine. This issue raises, prima facie, some doubts about the effective compatibility of these views.

Sustainable Indigenous housing in regional and remote Australia

This research explores what is required for sustainable Indigenous housing in remote Australia to deliver positive health outcomes, so that housing stock is maintained at high levels and is designed with climate change in mind.

Supplemental Material for Change of Heart, Change of Mind, or Change of Willpower? Explaining the Dynamic Relationship Between Experienced and Perpetrated Incivility Change

Supplemental Material for Change of Heart, Change of Mind, or Change of Willpower? Explaining the Dynamic Relationship Between Experienced and Perpetrated Incivility Change

Just a little bit more legumes! Results of an online survey in Europe

A web survey was conducted in France, Germany, Poland, and the UK to examine how providing information about the benefits of legumes could influence purchase intent. In each country, 600 participants were recruited in September 2020. First, participants answered a series of questions about their dietary habits. Second, they were asked about their intention to purchase lentils, before and after they read an informational message about the nutritional or environmental benefits of lentils. The results show that receiving this information significantly affected purchase intent, even if the impact was relatively small. Indeed, after this revelation of information, about 10% of participants expressed a change of mind regarding their purchase intent. This effect was dependent on product type (i.e. dried lentils vs lentil pasta) and information type (i.e. nutritional vs environmental benefits). Across countries and products, information about the food’s environmental benefits had often a greater impact on purchase intent than did information about the food’s nutritional benefits. After reading the informational messages, 25-42% of all the participants said they planned to eat more legumes in the future. As consumers choices are weak drivers for developing legumes cultivation, other instruments focusing on farmers incentives such as subsidies could be selected.

I change my mind to get better: Process tracing-based microanalysis of food choice processes reveals differences between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa during inpatient treatment

Food choice and its underlying processes is understudied in bulimia nervosa (BN) and anorexia nervosa (AN). Thus, we examined cognitive processes during food choice through mouse tracing in AN (n = 36) and BN (n = 27) undergoing inpatient treatment. Both patient groups and matched healthy controls (HC, n = 59) made 153 binary food choices before rating all foods on their liking and calorie density. Choice outcomes and corresponding mouse movements were modelled as a function of inpatient treatment stage in our analyses.Compared to patients with BN and HC, those with AN showed a clear calorie avoidance on most trials. Yet, mouse paths in AN patients early in treatment, revealed a late direction reversal (‘change of mind’, CoM) on high-calorie choices. AN patients later in treatment, by contrast, showed fewer CoM alongside more choices for – and liking of – high-calorie foods. Patients with BN showed more CoM trials during low-calorie choices and low-calorie choices were more frequent in patients later in treatment. Thus, relative to patients early in treatment, patients who are later in treatment show less of the overall group pattern of consistently choosing low-calorie food (AN) or high-calorie food (BN). Less cognitive regulation (fewer CoM trials) went along with higher liking for high-calorie foods in AN. These cross-sectional differences between AN early and late in treatment might reflect the formation of healthier habits. In addition, clear patient group differences suggest more specific treatment strategies.

Effects of Air Pollution on Consumer Decision-Making Behavior: A Review

Purpose/Significance: In recent years, consumer behavior studies have shown that weather and air quality have a significant impact on consumers' purchasing behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the different ways and causes of consumers' responses to weather conditions. However, the existing relevant research results are scattered in different disciplines and lack of summary and sorting of the research topic. By systematically reviewing the impact of air pollution on consumer decision-making, we can fully understand the change of consumer behavior caused by air pollution factors at the macro level and help enterprise managers to develop targeted marketing management strategies to avoid or reduce the impact of air quality on consumer decision-making behavior. Design/Method: This paper systematically reviews the impact of air pollution on consumers' decision-making behavior based on key keywords retrieved from major academic literature databases and search engine websites. In detail, with the framework of the stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) model in the field of environmental psychology and based on the process perspective, the paper divides the impacts of air pollution on consumer's decision-making behavior into the change of body and mind before consumer decision-making process, change of the decision behavior in the process of consumption decision-making and consumption experience and evaluation behavior after the process of consumption decision making. Conclusion/Findings: By establishing and analyzing the thematic structure of studies on the impact of air pollution, the results show that air pollution has a wide range of impacts on consumers, ranging from health risks to mood changes and from changes in daily habits to changes in consumption behaviors of individuals and groups.

Neurodualism: People Assume that the Brain Affects the Mind more than the Mind Affects the Brain.

People commonly think of the mind and the brain as distinct entities that interact, a view known as dualism. At the same time, the public widely acknowledges that science attributes all mental phenomena to the workings of a material brain, a view at odds with dualism. How do people reconcile these conflicting perspectives? We propose that people distort claims about the brain from the wider culture to fit their dualist belief that minds and brains are distinct, interacting entities: Exposure to cultural discourse about the brain as the physical basis for the mind prompts people to posit that mind-brain interactions are asymmetric, such that the brain is able to affect the mind more than vice versa. We term this hybrid intuitive theory neurodualism. Five studies involving both thought experiments and naturalistic scenarios provided evidence of neurodualism among laypeople and, to some extent, even practicing psychotherapists. For example, lay participants reported that "a change in a person's brain" is accompanied by "a change in the person's mind" more often than vice versa. Similarly, when asked to imagine that "future scientists were able to alter exactly 25% of a person's brain," participants reported larger corresponding changes in the person's mind than in the opposite direction. Participants also showed a similarly asymmetric pattern favoring the brain over the mind in naturalistic scenarios. By uncovering people's intuitive theories of the mind-brain relation, the results provide insights into societal phenomena such as the allure of neuroscience and common misperceptions of mental health treatments.

온라인 의류 쇼핑몰에서의 반품에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구

Currently, the e-commerce market has continued to grow significantly for more than 10 years, and the transaction volume is further increasing in the face of the special situation of COVID-19. Fashion(28.2%) accounted for the highest percentage of online shopping transaction amount by product group in 2020. Also, as a result of analyzing the cases of consumer damage received in 2016, among the 26 product groups, ‘clothes and textile personal items’ with 2,442 cases(28%) were the most damaging to domestic e-commerce consumers. Return rate management is an important performance management indicators in the e-commerce industry because the entire process, including a decrease in satisfaction for consumers, return consultation by a customer center agent, and the cost handling process for receiving and collecting returns through a courier company are all counted as expenses. regarded as one of the indicators.<BR> In this paper, the factors affecting returns were studied by targeting customers who have purchased and returned clothing products from online fashion shopping malls. A survey was conducted on 184 online shopping mall users, and 5 factors(difference between picture and reality, change of mind, defective delivery, defective quality and defective service) influencing the return of clothing products through exploratory factor analysis were found that reliability and validity were secured through the confirmatory factor analysis process. It is judged that more data collection and research on the relationship between returns and customer satisfaction are needed in the future.

Reconciliation and Recognition: A Christian Approach to Indigenous Australians and Constitutional Change

ABSTRACT This article examines the theological idea of reconciliation and what this entails, including repentance as mind change, honest confession of wrong, lament for the hurt caused by the wrong, apology, restitution as concrete action to make right, and a mutual trust or unification to build a new, harmonious relationship. However, it also recognizes the potential danger of a purely colonial approach and draws on the Indigenous concept of Makarrata to inform and augment the Christian notion of reconciliation so that it is more relevant to the Australian context. Second, the article briefly considers potential constitutional change which is compatible with Australia’s legal system and could reflect and build upon a new relationship. The article argues that, as Makarrata exhorts, reconciliation is not merely symbolic but must be facilitated by active and tangible change which brings all Australians, Indigenous or otherwise, together – and that this is also a fundamentally Christian imperative.

Longitudinal Study of Cognitive and Emotional Alterations in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Clinical and Imaging Data.

Objectives: Extra-motor manifestations occur in 50% of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These mainly concern cognition, emotional processing and behavior. Depression and anxiety are less frequent. Little is known about how these manifestations change as the disease progresses. Similarly, although cortical thinning has been well-documented at disease onset, there are scant data about cortical thinning over time and how this correlates with extra-motor manifestations. The present study therefore assessed cognitive, emotional and psychological state and cortical thinning in a group of patients with ALS at baseline and after a follow-up period.Methods: We assessed executive functions, facial emotion recognition, depressive and anxious symptoms, and cortical thinning in 43 patients with ALS at baseline, comparing them with 28 healthy controls, and 21 of them 9 months later. We looked for links among the extra-motor manifestations and correlations with cortical thickness.Results: At baseline, patients had poor executive function and recognition of complex emotions from the eyes, and more anxious and depressive symptoms than controls. At follow-up, only inhibition abilities had worsened. Cortical thinning was observed in bilateral pre-central regions and other parts of the cerebral cortex at baseline. Over time, it worsened in motor and extra-motor areas. Executive functions correlated with thinning in the middle and inferior frontal gyrus and orbitofrontal cortex.Conclusions: During follow-up, there was little deterioration in extra-motor manifestations and psychological state, despite continuing cortical thinning. Patients with affective Theory of Mind (ToM) changes seemed less depressed than the others. Impaired mental flexibility was subtended by prefrontal regions with cortical thinning.

Disentangling the welfarism/extra-welfarism distinction: Towards a more fine-grained categorization.

In health economics, the distinction between welfarism and extra-welfarism has been employed to discuss various epistemological and normative differences between health evaluation approaches. However, a clear consensus on the definition of either welfarism, extra-welfarism, or the differences between the two sets of approaches has not emerged. I propose an alternative set of distinctions that allows for a more fine-grained categorization of health evaluation approaches. This categorization focuses on five dimensions: (1) the maximand of an evaluation approach, (2) its sensitivity toward normative concerns that defy compensation, (3) its position on which groups of individuals or collective entities act as sources of values, (4) its sensitivity to changes of mind, and (5) the inclusion of process-external values.

A Psychoanalysis of Milk: The Case of Alfred Hitchcock

A Psychoanalysis of Milk: The Case of Alfred Hitchcock

Forest Therapy Alone or with a Guide: Is There a Difference between Self-Guided Forest Therapy and Guided Forest Therapy Programs?

There are generally two types of forest therapy. One is to walk or view the forest alone without a guide, and the other is to be accompanied by a guide. This study aimed to investigate the healing factors and health benefits of self-guided forest therapy and guided forest therapy programs and examine the differences in characteristics between interventions. Thirty-seven undergraduate students participated in a randomized experiment (19 in the self-guided forest therapy and 18 in the guided forest therapy program). Data were collected from 111 self-reported essays after each intervention (three essays per person). Results revealed that the forest healing factors contained four categories in common: auditory element, visual element, tactile element, and olfaction element. Forest therapy’s health benefits included five categories in common: change of mind and body, introspection, change of emotion, cognitive change, and social interaction. Among the typical differences, the self-guided forest therapy group mentioned more keywords related to introspection than the guided forest therapy program group. On the other hand, the guided forest therapy program group mentioned more keywords associated with the change of emotion and social interaction than the self-guided forest therapy. Our findings show that self-guided forest therapy provides an opportunity for self-reflection to focus on and think about one’s inner self. On the other hand, guided forest therapy programs provide positive emotional changes and promoting social bonds through interaction with others. Therefore, because the effects that can be obtained vary depending on the type of forest therapy, participants can utilize forest healing to suit the desired outcomes.

Catching My Anger: How Political Elites Create Angrier Citizens

Anger is a common feature in contemporary American politics. Through the process of affect linkage, we argue that one way the electorate becomes angrier about politics is by observing angry displays from political elites. Affect linkage occurs when a person’s emotional state of mind changes to match the emotions displayed by someone else. Using an online experiment in which subjects are randomly exposed to an angry or unemotional debate between a Democrat and Republican running for Congress, we show that exposure to an angry in-party politician significantly increases the amount of anger, disgust, and outrage expressed by co-rank-and-file partisans. This increase in aversive emotions, moreover, increases the likelihood that citizens report the intention to vote, and this affect linkage effect is most pronounced in those who are most likely to stay home on election day: the weakest partisans. Interestingly, angry rhetoric by political elites does not have any effect on out-partisans, suggesting that anger via emotional contagion does not cross party lines.

Nursing students' perception of climate change and sustainability actions – A mismatched discourse: A qualitative, descriptive exploratory study

BackgroundClimate change is described as the biggest global challenge for human health in the upcoming decade. Nurses play a central role in mitigating the effect of climate change on the healthcare sector and adapting to the phenomenon. Therefore, nursing students must be prepared for a new professional role keeping climate change in mind; consequently, it is important to study students' perceptions of climate change and sustainability. ObjectivesTo explore nursing students' perceptions of climate change and sustainability and examine how they perceive their role as nursing students in working towards a more sustainable development within the healthcare sector. DesignIt is a qualitative, descriptive exploratory study. SettingsA nursing program at a university in central Sweden. ParticipantsNursing students. MethodsIndividual in-depth interviews and one group interview were conducted for the study. ResultsThe main findings revealed that students saw themselves living in a mismatched discourse. They perceived the future of humanity as gloomy but thought that sustainability is the society's joint obligation to achieve the right to a good life for all people equally. ConclusionsNursing students perceived themselves as important actors in the work of climate change and sustainability. Thus, nursing education needs to integrate the impact of climate change on healthcare and promote sustainability into the curriculum for preparing students to take responsibility for sustainability in society.