Changes In Membership Research Articles

Enhancing team success in the neonatal intensive care unit: challenges and opportunities for fluid teams.

Fluid teams, characterized by frequent changes in team membership, are vital in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) due to high patient acuity and the need for a wide range of specialized providers. However, many challenges can hinder effective teamwork in this setting. This article reviews the challenges related to fluid teamwork in the NICU and discusses recommendations from team science to address each challenge. Drawing from the current literature, this paper outlines three challenges that can hinder fluid teamwork in the NICU: incorporating patient families, managing hierarchy among team members, and facilitating effective patient handoffs. The review concludes with recommendations for managing NICU teamwork differently using strategies from team science.

Construction of similarity measure for intuitionistic fuzzy sets and its application in face recognition and software quality evaluation

As a generalization of fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) are more capable of representing and addressing uncertainty in real-world problems. As a result, IFSs have been utilized in various areas of application. However, the distance and similarity measures between the two IFSs are still an open issue that has drawn much attention over the past few decades. Even though several intuitionistic fuzzy similarity measures (IFSMs) have been developed, a number of issues still exist, including counter-intuitive results, ‘the zero divisor problem,’ violation of similarity measure axioms, and being incompetent to detect minor changes in membership or non-membership. To overcome these shortcomings, a novel intuitionistic fuzzy similarity measure (IFSM) has been introduced in this study. Unlike existing measures, this method considered the global maximum and minimum of differences in memberships and differences in non-memberships, along with their individual differences, to construct an IFSM. Moreover, it has been shown that a convex combination of two similarity measures is also a similarity measure. Some numerical examples are employed to emphasize the advantages and strengths of the proposed method over existing ones. The suggested IFSM has been implemented on a few pattern classification issues to demonstrate its efficacy and a new face recognition method is also presented. Moreover, an entropy measure is introduced using the proposed IFSM, which is further used to construct the weights of attributes in the MADM method. Furthermore, the MADM technique, IF-E-TOPSIS, is constructed using the suggested IFSM and entropy measure. The effectiveness of this method is shown by utilizing it for software quality assessment, and the results are compared with existing ones to highlight the superiority of the proposed method.

Team Membership Change and Team Effectiveness: The Role of Informational Attributes

This study examined the impact of informational attributes of team membership change on affective emergent states and team effectiveness, and how members’ emotional intelligence (EI) shapes this impact. Results from two laboratory studies showed that change predictability and rationality affected team potency and identification. These emergent states had unique effects on team effectiveness over and above the effects of team process. Results also showed that members’ EI moderated the effects of change predictability and rationality. These findings emphasize the importance of membership change attributes, affective emergent states, and team composition in determining team effectiveness after a membership change.

Measuring Changes in Protein Complex Membership at Scale.

Measuring Changes in Protein Complex Membership at Scale.

How Team Familiarity Mitigates Negative Consequences of Team Composition Disruptions: An Analysis of Premier League Teams

In today’s dynamic work environment, teams are increasingly confronted with disruptions. While there are different types of disruptions that teams face, we contend that team composition disruptions that occur during the completion of a team’s task can be especially challenging. We also argue that it is important to consider different types of team composition changes as they create different demands for team adaptation. Specifically, we assess the effects of loss of a team member and change in team membership resulting from injury substitution. We examine how these two types of team composition disruptions impact coordination and team outcomes (i.e., goals scored) by leveraging data from 2,280 soccer games in the English Premier League. We found that team member loss impaired both team coordination and outcomes while team member substitution only impacted team coordination. Moreover, we build upon and extend existing research that has examined team familiarity by distinguishing between familiarity that is built amongst members on the current team (i.e., current team familiarity) and familiarity that has developed as a result of members working together in prior teams (i.e., prior team familiarity). This distinction appears important as we did not find evidence of a main effect of prior team familiarity on coordination but found evidence of a reversing curvilinear effect of current team familiarity on coordination. Finally, the indirect effect of team member loss on team outcomes through team coordination was more pronounced when teams had low (compared to high) prior team familiarity.

Patch-based camera-aware person-to-group learning and group similarity strategy for unsupervised group re-identification

In real life, people often go together in groups, which extends to an important but less researched task of computer vision: group re-identification. Differing from the related task of person re-identification, group re-identification involves unique challenges: self-occlusion, layout changes, membership changes, and the lack of labeled data. To solve these problems, we propose a patch-based camera-aware person-to-group unsupervised learning network. For the problem of high labeling costs, we train an unsupervised feature extraction network to extract the features of group members. Moreover, the feature extraction network is based on image patches, which solves the problem of group member alignment caused by occlusion within the group. To handle the large intra-ID variance resulting from changes in camera views, we add camera information to the model and propose the multi-grained camera-aware loss. For the problems of layout changes and membership changes, we adopt a person-to-group strategy. Specifically, we propose a novel group distance metric, named Modified Hausdorff Distance, to exploit the information of all the group members. Experimental results on two public datasets demonstrate the superiority of our approach.

Profiles of Chinese teachers' emotional labor: Evolution and relations with job demands, resources, and burnout

Based on the person-centered approach, we investigated the evolution of teachers' emotional labor profiles and examined how occupational stress and organizational support predicted changes in profile membership, and the difference in burnout among different profiles. Data were collected from 829 Chinese primary and secondary teachers in a two-wave longitudinal test over six months. Latent profile analysis identified four emotional labor profiles, while latent transition analysis found that the profiles exhibited a latent transition probability. Occupational stress and organizational support can predict the negative and positive latent transition of profiles, and four profiles were related to different levels of teacher burnout.

Break my stride? The impact of collaboration entrants on community-level performance for economic development

ABSTRACT While prior studies note that interlocal collaborations sometimes change their member composition, the relationship between membership changes and the community-level performance of interlocal collaborations is unclear. This study attempts to provide evidence by exploring the impact of entrants on the performance of Illinois enterprise zones. We conducted event study analyses to estimate the plausibly causal relationship between entrants and community-level performance. We find that entrants improve the enterprise zones’ reported job creation, but the improvement takes effect over time. We also find that the positive effects are stronger for enterprise zones with fewer participants or located in rural areas

Seeking shelter in times of crisis? unemployment, perceived job insecurity and trade union membership

AbstractDo trade unions benefit from economic crises by attracting new members among workers concerned about job security? To address this question, we provide a comprehensive empirical investigation based on panel data from Germany, where workers decide individually on their membership. We analyse whether exogenously manipulated perceptions of job insecurity encourage individuals to join a trade union. Firm‐level workforce reductions serve as the first trigger of perceived job insecurity. Regional unemployment rates represent a second source of exogenous variation. Third, we propose a novel identification approach based on plant‐closure‐induced job losses of other workers in the same region. In each case, we exploit the longitudinal nature of the data to analyse the implications of changes in labour market conditions for changes in union membership using an instrumental variable approach. We find consistently that perceived job insecurity, as triggered by labour market turmoil, increases the likelihood of individual union membership. Analysing data on media coverage about downsizing in a complementary investigation, we add further evidence to the notion of trade unions as beneficiaries of labour market crises. Finally, we consider workers who lose their jobs and find no evidence of adverse effects on union membership among those affected directly by unemployment.

Pendampingan Pengelolaan Keuangan Berbasis Teknologi Pada Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDES) Citra Permai

BUMDesa is a business run by the Village based on the Village Deliberation and has the aim of improving the village economy. BUMDesa management cannot be separated from the preparation of financial reports. BUMDesa Citra Permai has experienced a change in membership and the addition of products and services in its economic activities so it requires assistance in BUMDesa management, especially in the preparation of financial reports. The UMRI Accounting Study Program Community Service Team provides training and assistance in preparing financial reports using the Excel For Accounting (EFA) application. Training on preparing financial reports using EFA was attended by all Citra Permai BUMDesa managers. This activity was carried out for 3 days using four methods including surveys, input/account addition, implementation and evaluation. During the implementation of the community service activities, BUMDesa managers seemed enthusiastic by providing various questions regarding transactions that might occur and how BUMDesa recognizes and records these transactions in EFA. After simulating the use of EFA, managers know the benefits and convenience of using EFA.

A Secure Secret Key Agreement Scheme among Multiple Twinning Superlattice PUF Holders

Modern cryptography attributes the security of a cryptographic system to the security of the key. How to securely distribute the key has always been a bottleneck in key management. This paper proposes a secure group key agreement scheme for multiple parties using a multiple twinning superlattice physical unclonable function (PUF) that can be synchronized. By sharing the challenge and helper data among multiple twinning superlattice PUF holders, the scheme employs a reusable fuzzy extractor to obtain the key locally. Moreover, adopting public-key encryption encrypts public data for establishing the subgroup key, which provides independent communication for the subgroup. At the same time, when the subgroup membership changes, the public key encrypts new public data to update the subgroup key, forming scalable group communication. This paper also presents a cost and formal security analysis, which shows that the proposed scheme can achieve computational security by applying the key obtained by the computationally secure reusable fuzzy extractor to the EAV-secure symmetric-key encryption, which has indistinguishable encryption in the presence of an eavesdropper. Additionally, the scheme is secure against physical attacks, man-in-the-middle attacks, and machine learning modeling attacks.

Unions, Occupational Career Change, and Gender Inequality: Using Current Population Survey Panel Data to Assess Police Wage Change

A large body of literature describes the occupational gender wage gap at the national labor market level as well as in specific occupations. Yet, among those studies of within-occupational inequality, few have focused on how occupational career change affects gender wage inequality. With an increasing number of female workers entering into the police labor force as well as the high turnover rate in the police sector, it is important to explore wage changes in this highly unionized and hyper-masculine occupation. Using two-wave panel data from the Current Population Survey Merged Outgoing Rotation Group (CPS-MORG) from 1979 to 2016, this study examines how change in occupational career along with change in union membership may lead to different wage rewards or penalties for police men and police women. Our findings reveal that individuals experience a large increase in wages when joining the police occupation, and this wage bonus is greater for women than for men. Furthermore, individuals joining the police as well as a union see a wage bonus, but wage loss when leaving the police and a union. Overall, police men have a larger wage loss than police women when leaving the police force and losing union membership. Policy implications of these findings are discussed.

ASSESSING THE AWARENESS OF PACIFICATION COMMITTEES' STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION AMONG BARANGAY OFFICIALS AND CONSTITUENTS: GROUNDWORK FOR A SPECIALIZED TRAINING PROGRAM

This study analyzes the level of awareness of the barangay (the smallest administrative division in the Philippines) regarding the Lupong Tagapamayapa, an informal justice system established under the Local Government Code (Republic Act No. 7160). The study is situated in selected barangays in the third district of Cagayan, and was motivated by observations of a low awareness level and adherence to the Lupong Tagapamayapa provisions in one such barangay. The research used a descriptive research design to collect, present, and describe data concerning the current status of the Lupong Tagapamayapa. A researcher-made structured questionnaire with a 5 point-likert scale, based on the mandates in Sections 399 to 422 of the Local Government Code, was administered to participants after validation by research experts. Data collected was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study concludes that that the members of Lupong Tagapamayapa and constituents display a very high level of awareness about the structure, functions, and procedures of the committee. The committee members are well-versed with the requirements for their roles, the importance of their residency, their terms of office, the regulations regarding termination of membership, and the procedures for amicable settlement. The constituents have demonstrated significant awareness of the Lupon's creation, terms of office, vacancies, administrative supervision, subject matter for amicable settlement, and the procedure for such settlements. However, certain areas like the provision regarding a Lupon member's change in workplace and the timeframe for protesting a settlement require more attention and awareness. Based on the findings, an enhanced training program must be implemented. While the members of the Lupong Tagapamayapa are generally well-informed, there are areas, such as the implications of changing one's place of work and the process following resignation, that could benefit from further training and orientation.

Do higher minimum wages decrease union membership in minimum-wage-intensive industries?

ABSTRACT Over the past decade, organized labour has played a significant role in advocating for minimum wage increases. In this paper, we investigate the effects of minimum wage increases on union membership among individuals in minimum wage intensive industries. We find no evidence of a change in union membership among high-skilled workers in these industries. Consistent with a ‘free-riding’ hypothesis, we find evidence that minimum wage increases predict declines in union membership among low-skilled workers in these industries. These workers are the minimum wage’s most direct beneficiaries.

Editorial Introduction: Contributing to the policy process literatures

Editorial Introduction: Contributing to the policy process literatures

Temporal pesticide dynamics alter specific eukaryotic taxa in a coastal transition zone

Land use change and anthropogenic forcing can drastically alter the rates and patterns of sediment transport and modify biodiversity and ecosystem functions in coastal transition zones, such as the coastal ecosystems. Molecular studies of sediment extracted DNAs provide information on currently living organisms within the upper layers or buried from various periods of time, but might also provide knowledge on species dynamics, replacement and turnover. In this study, we evaluated the eukaryotic communities of a marine core that present a shift in soil erosion that was linked to glyphosate usage and correlated to chlordecone resurgence since 2000. We show differences in community composition between samples from the second half of the last century and those from the last two decades. Temporal analyses of the relative abundance, alpha diversity, and beta diversity for the two periods demonstrated different temporal dynamics depending on the considered taxonomic group. In particular, Ascomycetes showed a decrease in abundance over the most recent period associated with changes in community membership but not community structure. Two photosynthetic groups, Bacillariophyceae and Prasinophytes clade VII, showed a different pattern with an increase in abundance since the beginning of the 21st century with a decrease in diversity and evenness to form more heterogeneous communities dominated by a few abundant OTUs. Altogether, our data reveal that agricultural usages such as pesticide use can have long-term and species-dependent implications for microeukaryotic coastal communities on a tropical island.

Board Membership Changes And Financial Performance: The Moderating Role Of Family Firms

The aim of this study is to examine a possible relationship of corporate financial performance and board membership changes. As a consequence, whether too little or too much board membership changes would produce a detrimental impact to financial performance. Furthermore, this study investigated whether this effect is more pronounced in family firms over non-family firms. Based on the agency theory and stewardship perspective, the results indicate that board membership changes are significant for family firms towards short-term financial performance indicators, with positive effect above a certain interval, though it signaling to the market may not be relevant. Also provides insightful examination of a specific corporate governance issue that is valuable both for academics and practitioners.

Dynamic team composition: A theoretical framework exploring potential and kinetic dynamism in team capabilities.

Organizations are increasingly called upon to solve complex problems in changing conditions that require the combined knowledge, skills, perspectives, and efforts of multiple individuals. These dynamic situations often require dynamic team composition. Dynamic team composition is sometimes thought of as synonymous to changes in membership, however, we contend that it also can occur through other means including team member development, the alignment between team member capabilities and the team's tasks, and changes in the accessibility to team member capabilities. Given the lack of overarching theories to organize and provide guidance on research and practice related to dynamic team composition, we take an interdisciplinary approach and leverage the fundamental concepts of potential and kinetic energy as a guiding framework to integrate the disparate literatures on dynamic team composition. We bring dynamic team composition to the forefront and delineate four types of dynamic team composition through staffing, development, situational relevance of member knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) and access to member KSAs through relational resources. Next, we provide tangible recommendations for the design, measurement, and analysis of dynamic team composition. Finally, we provide guidance on developing dynamic research questions and infusing dynamics into existing theories. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Impact of Changes in Membership on Prices of a Unified Carbon Market: Case Study of the European Union Emissions Trading System

Using the event study methodology, the paper studies the effects of 22 key events in countries’ process of entering and exiting the European Union on returns of European Union Allowance (EUA) future prices in the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). The events include 17 entry events concerning the signing of relevant agreements, becoming a candidate or potential candidate country, the process of a negotiation and formally entering the EU, and five exit events including the process of Brexit and the suspension of Iceland. The results show that two entry events involving Albania and Ukraine, respectively, have a significant positive impact, and five entry events have a significant negative impact. Among the exit events, the announcement of the Brexit referendum results causes significant negative market reaction. Most events regarding small carbon emitters entering the EU lead to negative cumulative abnormal returns (CAR) of EUA prices, and a significant negative correlation between the countries’ annual average carbon emissions and CAR is found, while the change of national allocation plans does not affect the market reaction notably. In the process of establishing a unified carbon market, regulators should carry out appropriate policy arrangements of emission allowances allocation when new members join, in order to guide market expectations and enhance market stability.

Latent Transition Analysis indicates four relatively stable profiles of loneliness in New Zealand

Objective:We investigated the characteristics of loneliness by identifying distinct ‘profiles’ of loneliness and investigating transitions between those loneliness profiles over two years. Method:We conducted Latent Transition Analyses on two years of data from the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study (N=15,820) and modelled how people's health and age were associated with changes in profile membership. Results:Four loneliness profiles emerged: ‘low‐loneliness’ (58% of the sample), ‘high‐loneliness’ (5%), ‘appreciated outsiders’ (28%; perceived acceptance from others but felt like social outsiders), and ‘superficially connected’ (9%; lacked acceptance from others but felt socially included). Profile membership was relatively stable over time and transitions were most likely from higher to lower loneliness. Younger people and people reporting poorer health were more likely to transition into profiles with greater loneliness indicators. Conclusions:Findings replicated a four‐profile pattern of loneliness, supported the theorised ‘trait‐like’ structure of loneliness and identified the possibility that moderate states of loneliness are transitional states into/from low and high loneliness. Implications for public health:The stability of loneliness across years reiterates the need for societal interventions, particularly interventions that are adaptive to whether people's loneliness forms as a lack of acceptance/value or a lack of social inclusion.