Erosive Changes Research Articles

Characteristics of quartz grains in the middle and lower reaches of the Hutubi River, NW China, and its paleo-environmental significance

Quartz sand characteristics in the downstream floodplain of the Hutubi River, located near the oasis–desert transition zone at the southern edge of the Gurbantunggut Desert, were examined to understand the sedimentary dynamics and processes. By analyzing three fluvial–lacustrine–eolian profiles and collecting surface sediment samples from different reaches of the Hutubi River, the characteristics of quartz sand were examined using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The qualitative and quantitative results reveal spatial variations in surface sedimentary quartz sand, reflecting a transition from glacial–hydraulic interaction to alluvial dominance, followed by a balance between eolian and alluvial processes, and ultimately eolian dominance. The quartz sand within the profiles exhibits sub-rounded and rounded shapes, with significant alluvial-pluvial characteristics, indicating a predominance of fluvial processes within the lower sections of the profiles, while the upper sections exhibit a higher occurrence of eolian microstructures. Overall, the study area experienced a shift from a relatively high-energy and stable depositional environment during the mid-Holocene to a relatively low-energy and unstable condition in the Late Holocene. This was evidenced by stable fluvial–lacustrine deposition between 8 and 6ka and subsequent transitions between high and low-energy hydraulic processes, accompanied by wind erosion and frequent changes in sedimentary environments since 4.2ka.

Fat Embolism Syndrome from Bone Marrow Necrosis Following Peg-Filgrastim in a Patient with Primary Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma

Background: The mechanism of atraumatic fat embolization syndrome (FES) is poorly understood. However, mechanical and biochemical processes are the two plausible theories that exist. FES from bone marrow necrosis caused by hemoglobinopathies, use of chemotherapy in hematopoietic malignancies and from use of G-CSF has been reported. In our case, a young male patient with primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma presented with microhemorrhages and punctiform ischemic brain lesions after receiving chemoimmunotherapy and pegylated G-CSF. Case: A 29-year-old male recently diagnosed with primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma presented to our ED with severe bone pain after receiving his first cycle etoposide, prednisone, vincristine sulfate, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab (DA R-EPOCH) with peg-filgrastim support. He was discharged with pain control and subsequently received his second cycle of DA-R-EPOCH (20% increase in etoposide, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide) with a retrial of peg-filgrastim. His WBC count rose to a peak of 41,100K/UL on the seventh day of his second cycle. Ten days after receipt of his 2 nd peg-filgrastim, he presented to the ED with complaints of generalized weakness, decreased oral intake and mild imbalance with his gait. His blood pressure was 103/71 mmHg, heart rate was 138 beats per minute, respiratory rate was 22 breaths per minute and oxygen saturation was 91% on room air; and he required 2 liters of supplemental oxygen. Laboratory studies showed Hb of 8.1 gm/dL, PLT of 47,000k/UL and WBC of 10,100k/UL. The WBC differential was consistent with myeloid predominance with a left shift and some enucleated RBC consistent with use of peg- filgrastim. LDH was 2874 U/L, albumin was 3.8 g/L, PTT 23.1 seconds, PT 13.8 seconds, INR 1.2. A CT with angiography of the chest showed no pulmonary embolism but an anterior mediastinal soft tissue mass, which decreased in size compared to his prior image, with erosive changes of sternum. Mediastinal and axillary lymphadenopathy also overall decreased in size. Due to developing confusion and mild left-sided facial weakness, MRI with and without intravenous contrast of the brain demonstrated numerous petechial microhemorrhages throughout the brain parenchyma in the supratentorial compartment and posterior cranial fossa with involvement of superficial and deep parenchymal regions. Many were seen clustered in the internal/external watershed regions. Transthoracic echocardiogram with bubble study demonstrated a patent foramen ovale (PFO). Prophylactic low molecular weight heparin was started and he was discharged after improvement of symptoms. He proceeded to complete 4 more cycles of standard dose R-EPOCH with prophylactic levofloxacin instead of peg-GCSF. His neurologic symptoms resolved and did not recur. Conclusion: This case highlights a rare but severe complication of BMN causing fat embolization syndrome in a patient receiving G-CSF following R-EPOCH for high PMBCL with sternal bone involvement. We hypothesize that the rapid proliferation of myeloid cell lines induced by G-CSF led to vascular occlusion and relative hypoxemia. Furthermore, the prolonged incorporation of corticosteroids is known to cause adipose tissue disruption. His underlying disease involved invasion into his sternum which further would support the theory of bone marrow necrosis being able to dislodge into the vasculature. This case is important to alert physicians to be cognizant of this severe complication and to provide some evidence for continuing curative intent treatment with the omission of G-CSF support.

Enhanced Denudation of the Emeishan Large Igneous Province and Precipitation Forcing in the Late Permian

AbstractHydroclimate is an important factor controlling landscape evolution. But establishing the impact of hydroclimate is complicated by the influences of other processes and is especially hard to prove for those in deep time from geological record. During the late Permian, voluminous basaltic sediments were derived from the erosion of the Emeishan large igneous province in western South China. They provide a unique record critical in understanding the responses of tropical basaltic erosion to hydroclimate change without impacts of orogenic uplift, lithologic variation, vegetational difference and glacial‐interglacial change. Sampled successions define a negative carbon isotope excursion capable of making regional and global stratigraphic correlations in the middle Wuchiapingian interval corresponding to the final phase of the late Paleozoic ice age. This interval is associated with a petrofacies shift and a decreasing source weathering intensity, a downward shift of erosion loci, and a reduced coastal water paleosalinity. Applying present‐day temperature dependence pattern of basaltic weathering and using land surface temperatures approximated from nearby paleo‐seawaters, denudation rates were calculated for the Emeishan basaltic province and shows an increase from ∼71 to ∼107 m/Ma. This erosional acceleration is temporally correlated with a decrease in paleosalinity and likely linked to enhanced freshwater discharge in the middle Wuchiapingian. Scaling and landscape erosion modeling suggest ∼80%–130% increase in catchment precipitation could have driven this acceleration in denudation. Our work provides a positive test for the hydroclimate forcing on landscape erosion in deep time and underlines the mechanistic linkage of sediments with erosion and climate change.

Temporal and Spatial Variation in Rainfall Erosivity in the Rolling Hilly Region of Northeast China

The Rolling Hilly Region of Northeast China (RHRNEC) is a critical grain production area in China, and soil erosion is a major problem in this region. To determine spatial and temporal changes in rainfall erosivity (RE) in the RHRNEC and generate information useful for soil and water conservation, agricultural management, and ecological protection efforts, a RE index consisting of nine erosivity indices based on normal and extreme precipitation was established. The normal RE index (NREI) comprised annual RE (ARE), wet season RE (WRE), dry season RE (DRE), typical wet-month RE (TWRE), and typical dry-month RE (TDRE), and the extreme RE index set (EREI) comprised maximum one-day RE (RE × 1 day), maximum five consecutive days RE (RE × 5 day), storm RE (RE50), and maximum continuous RE (CRE). ARE, WRE, and TWRE decreased at relative rates of 2.5%, 2.9%, and 4.1%, respectively. By comparison, DRE increased at a non-significant relative rate of 6.3%, and all extreme RE indices decreased at a non-significant rate relative to 1981–2015 mean values. The future trends for all RE indices were predicted to be opposite to historical trends. The future trends and historical trends of all indices exhibited opposite patterns. RE gradually increased from north to south, and WRE, DRE, and all extreme RE indices were significantly negatively correlated with longitude, latitude, and altitude (p < 0.05). ARE, WRE, and TWRE showed increasing trends in the north and south and decreasing trends in the center. The findings are useful for soil and water conservation, especially for agricultural management and ecological protection.

Analysis of the driving factors of the change of erosion-deposition in the Minjiang Estuary, Southeast China

Understanding the evolution and driving factors of sedimentation and erosion at the mouths of small and medium-sized mountain streams during various periods is essential for regional spatial utilization, development, and sustainable economic growth. This is particularly important when considering the combined impact of climate change and human activities. This paper presents an analysis of the changes in sedimentation and erosion of mouth isobaths and underwater deltas over different periods using nautical chart data (1950-2019) and analyzes the factors driving changes in sedimentation and erosion during different periods from 1950 to 2020 based on the runoff-sediment discharge of the Minjiang River (MR) and extreme climate factors such as typhoons, especially the driving factors that caused a sudden change in the sedimentation and erosion process between 1998 and 2005. The results indicate that runoff-sediment characteristics are crucial in driving sedimentation and erosion changes. In the past 70 years, the underwater delta of the MRE has mainly experienced four stages: deposition (1950-1992) -erosion (1993-1998) -deposition (1998-2011) -erosion (2011-2019). Taking the impoundment operation of the Shuikou Reservoir in 1993 as the node, the sediment load of the Minjiang River into the sea began to decrease sharply, and then the estuary quickly showed a state of erosion. The change of sediment flux into the sea is the main driving factor for the evolution of erosion and deposition in the Minjiang River Estuary (MRE). The critical value of the erosion-deposition transition is about 570.3 × 104 t/yr. After the estuary entered a state of erosion in 1993-1998, significant siltation suddenly occurred in 1998-2005. The reason for the siltation in this period may be related to the frequent transit typhoons and flood events in 1998-2005. Therefore, the change of river sediment supply into the sea is the main driving factor controlling the erosion and deposition evolution of the Minjiang River estuary on a long time scale of more than 10 years, which reflects the influence of large-scale human activities on the river and estuary area in the past half century. Extreme climate events are the incentive to adjust the estuary landform in the short term. Extreme climate events will not fundamentally change the process of estuarine geomorphological evolution under the background of sediment supply reduction.

Simulation of the Impacts of Sea-Level Rise on Coastal Ecosystems in Benin Using a Combined Approach of Machine Learning and the Sea Level Affecting Marshes Model

Sea-level rise in Benin coastal zones leads to risks of erosion and flooding, which have significant consequences on the socio-economic life of the local population. In this paper, erosion, flood risk, and greenhouse gas sequestration resulting from sea-level rise in the coastal zone of the Benin coast were assessed with the Sea Level Affecting Marshes Model (SLAMM) using ArcGIS Pro 3.1 tools. The input features used were the Digital Elevation Map (DEM), the National Wetland Inventory (NWI) categories, and the slope of each cell. National Wetland Inventory (NWI) categories were then created using Support Vector Machines (SVMs), a supervised machine learning technique. The research simulated the effects of a 1.468 m sea-level rise in the study area from 2021 to 2090, considering wetland types, marsh accretion, wave erosion, and surface elevation changes. The largest land cover increases were observed in Estuarine Open Water and Open Ocean, expanding by approximately 106.2 hectares across different sea-level rise scenarios (RCP 8.5_Upper Limit). These gains were counterbalanced by losses of approximately 106.2 hectares in Inland Open Water, Ocean Beaches, Mangroves, Regularly Flooded Marsh, Swamp, Undeveloped, and Developed Dryland. Notably, Estuarine Open Water (97.7 hectares) and Open Ocean (8.5 hectares) experienced the most significant expansion, indicating submergence and saltwater intrusion by 2090 due to sea-level rise. The largest reductions occurred in less tidally influenced categories like Inland Open Water (−81.4 hectares), Ocean Beach (−7.9 hectares), Swamp (−5.1 hectares), Regularly Flooded Marsh (−4.6 hectares), and Undeveloped Dryland (−2.9 hectares). As the sea-level rises by 1.468 m, these categories are expected to be notably diminished, with Estuarine Open Water and Open Ocean becoming dominant. Erosion and flooding in the coastal zone are projected to have severe adverse impacts, including a gradual decline in greenhouse gas sequestration capacity. The outputs of this research will aid coastal management organizations in evaluating the consequences of sea-level rise and identifying areas with high mitigation requirements.

Soil Erosion in a Changing Environment over 40 Years in the Merguellil Catchment Area of Central Tunisia

Soil degradation and erosion in semi-arid regions can significantly impact agricultural development, environmental sustainability, and hydrological balance. Understanding the impacts of land use changes and soil and water conservation (SWC) technique implementation on soil erosion and sediment yield is critical to planning effective watershed management. This study aims to evaluate the impacts of environmental changes in the Merguellil watershed (Central Tunisia) over the last forty years. To achieve this, remote sensing techniques and a geographic information system (GIS) will be employed to classify Landsat images from 1980 to 2020. Additionally, the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model will be utilized to estimate soil erosion rates, while the sediment delivery distributed model will be employed for sediment yield modeling. Spatiotemporal changes in land use and land cover and in areas treated with SWC techniques were analyzed as the main factors influencing changes in erosion and sediment yield. The combined impact of land use change and SWC techniques resulted in a decrease in the annual soil erosion rate from 18 to 16 t/ha/year between 1980 and 2020 and in sediment yield from 9.65 to 8.95 t/ha/year for the same period. According to the model’s predictions, both soil erosion and sediment yield will experience a slight increase with further degradation of natural vegetation and a reduction in the efficiency of SWC works. This emphasizes the importance of continued efforts in adopting and sustaining SWC techniques, as well as preserving natural vegetation cover, to proactively combat soil degradation and its adverse effects on the environment and communities. Continuous dedication to these measures is crucial to preserving our ecosystem, promoting sustainable practices, and protecting the well-being of both the environment and society.

Detection of Erosive Changes on Smooth Surfaces with and without Orthodontic Brackets Using an Intraoral Scanner-An In Vitro Study.

Consumption of acidic beverages favours development of erosions. Modern diagnostic methods are required to detect erosions at an early stage. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of an intraoral scanner (IOS) for detection of erosive changes on smooth surfaces adjacent to orthodontic brackets. Orthodontic metal brackets were attached to the buccal surfaces of 58 extracted permanent human teeth. Teeth were randomly divided into groups: A = 6% citric acid, B = Coca-Cola, C = Redbull, D = Powerade, E = Control, no acid exposure. Teeth were exposed to acid in three erosion cycles, followed by rinsing and brushing. Scans of teeth were performed at baseline and after each erosion cycle and enamel loss was measured. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) measurements were performed as reference standard. Significant substance loss was measured in all acid groups after the second and third erosion cycle (p < 0.0001). Correlation between scans and QLF were significant (p = 0.001). With IOS, it was possible to detect and quantify enamel erosion at smooth surfaces with and without orthodontic brackets after a short exposure time. Considering the limitations of in vitro results, the use of IOS can be a promising digital tool to detect and monitor erosive enamel changes during fixed orthodontic treatment.

A Review on Potential Biofuel Yields from Cover Crops

Millions of hectares of cover crops are planted in the U.S. and European Union to manage soil erosion, soil fertility, water quality, weeds, and climate change. Although only a small percentage of cover crops are harvested, the growing cover crop planting area provides a new biomass source to the biofuel industry to produce bioenergy. Oilseed crops such as rapeseed, sunflower, and soybean are commodities and have been used to produce biodiesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). Other cover crops such as cereal rye, clover, and alfalfa, have been tested on small or pilot scales to produce cellulosic ethanol, biogas, syngas, bio-oil, and SAF. Given the various biofuel products and pathways, this review aimed to provide a comprehensive comparison of biofuel yield from different cover crops and an overview of the technologies that have been employed to improve biofuel yield. It was envisioned that gene-editing tools might be revolutionary to the biofuel industry, the work on cover crop supply chain will be critical for system scaleup, and high-tolerant technologies likely will be needed to handle the high compositional heterogeneity and variability of cover crop biomass for biofuel.

Management of bullous pemphigoid and mucous membrane pemphigoid

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common blistering autoimmune dermatosis and, as an age-associated disease, is also the bullous dermatosis with the highest increase in incidence in recent years due to demographic developments. Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), which is less common, is aclinically and immunopathologically heterogeneous blistering autoimmune dermatosis characterized by blisters and erosions on mucous membranes. This work summarizes the manifold clinical characteristics of both diseases and provides an up-to-date overview of diagnostics and therapy of BP and SHP. Aselective literature search was carried out. While eczematous, urticarial, or bullous lesions on the integument are typical for BP, MMP is characterized by pronounced, erosive mucosal changes orally, ocularly, genitoanally, tracheally or esophageally and, at most, only minor skin involvement. For diagnosis, the combination of histology, direct immunofluorescence microscopy, and serological detection of autoantibodies against the hemidesmosomal proteins BP180 and BP230 and, in MMP, also against laminin 332 is important. New pathophysiological findings and therapeutics have recently significantly expanded the range of treatment options. Due to the comorbidities of the usually elderly BP patients and the often multiple affected mucous membranes in MMP, with the risk of developing irreversible complications such as strictures and synechiae, interdisciplinary diagnosis and therapy is often required.

Assessment of Changes in Brahmaputra River Course at the Pagladia Confluence Point using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

The river Brahmaputra is a large alluvial river that is prone to frequent bank erosion and channel pattern changes, leading to significant shifts in its course. This study aimed to analyze these changes along a 56-kilometer stretch of the river using a combined approach of remote sensing and GIS techniques. This study utilized USGS and Landsat 8 satellite imagery to map the river's channel configuration from 1985 to 2022, providing valuable insights into the river's morphology and the stability of its banks. Additionally, the analysis provided information on changes in the river's main channel which can help in predicting future behavior and mitigating the impact of these changes. The findings of this study have significant implications for river management, allowing for informed decision-making and improved strategies for protecting communities and infrastructure located along the river's course.

Extremely 13C-enriched dolomite records interval of strong methanogenesis following a sulfate decline in the Miocene Ries impact crater lake

In impact crater lakes, the lacustrine sedimentary records may not solely reflect climatic changes but also potential erosional effects from lithologically distinct impactite formations. The hydrochemical and biogeochemical processes during the deposition of the Nördlinger Ries impact crater lake, which fall in the range of the mid-Miocene Climate Transition, were studied by analysing microcrystalline authigenic carbonates in a drill core succession, using stable oxygen and carbon isotopes in conjunction with biomarkers. These investigations revealed an early sulfidic interval characterized by thiophenes, iso- and anteiso-C15:0 acids derived from sulfate reducing bacteria, and dolomites with low to intermediate δ13Ccarb values. The subsequent distinctive interval is characterized by extremely 13C-enriched dolomite (δ13Ccarb up to +20.93 ± 0.05‰ V-PDB), decline of iso- and anteiso-C15:0 acids and is rich in an Archaea-derived archaeol that is 13C-enriched (−14.7‰), indicating extensive methanogenesis in sulfate-depleted lake porewater during early diagenesis. The sulfate decline results from successive sulfate reduction when replenishment by sulfate-bearing inflow water is limited. The carbonates exhibit enriched 18O due to pronounced evaporation in a long-resided water body and enriched 13C by methanogenesis. A change in provenance of water derived from the sulfur-rich suevite (impact melt-bearing breccia) and crystalline source rocks to the sulfur-poor Bunte Breccia (continuous ejecta blanket) is required. Intermittently high Si/Al and Zr/Al at the high δ13C interval suggests sporadic short-term runoff increase, leading to fluctuating physiochemical lake conditions. A subsequent decline in both δ13Ccarb and archaeol indicates a decreasing lake level with intermittent subaerial exposure events, supported by bioturbation and mud cracks. The concomitant lake oxygenation is well supported by increasing Pr/Ph ratios and lipids derived from aerobic methanotrophs (13C-depleted 3-methyl-hopanoids). In the youngest unit, allochthonous lignites and biomarkers from lacustrine/soil sources appear, high total sulphur contents and thiophenes recur, and stable C and O isotope values decrease again. These observations suggest another major provenance change of the inflowing solutes, with increasing influx from weathered pyrite-bearing Jurassic claystones. These findings demonstrate that the climatic record expected from the stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of the Ries carbonates is strongly overprinted by hydrochemical and biogeochemical processes due to changing ion influx from substrate rocks, along the course of the successive ejecta erosion and catchment changes. Such an intrinsic control of lacustrine biogeochemical processes is also expected for other hydrologically closed impact crater lake basins, where catchment rocks with distinctively different lithologies are present.

SAT597 Pituitary Abscess Growing Serratia Marcescens With Associated Clivus Osteomyelitis

Abstract Disclosure: S. Brown: None. J. Milosavljevic: None. J. Chai: None. B.Y. Wong: None. Background: Pituitary abscesses are a rare etiology for pituitary lesions (0.2%-1.1%). Up to 60% of abscesses do not have an obvious source of infection. Pituitary abscesses can develop from the spread of local infection (usually the sphenoid sinus or cavernous sinus). Commonly isolated organisms of pituitary abscesses are gram positive cocci (Staphylococcus and Streptococcus) or gram negative bacilli (E. coli, Neisseria, and Corynebacterium). We present a case of a pituitary abscess growing Serratia marcescens with associated clivus osteomyelitis. Clinical Case: A 26-year-old woman with a history of recurrent left ear infections presented with right eye pain, sixth cranial nerve palsy and headaches. Brain MRI revealed 1.2 x 0.9 x 1.2 cm septated, cystic-appearing, rim-enhancing lesion originating from the sella, exerting mild pressure on the optic chiasm and infiltrating the right cavernous sinus. Contrast-enhanced CT scan revealed sclerotic and erosive changes concerning for clivus osteomyelitis and petrous apicitis. Hormonal evaluation demonstrated panhypopituitarism with undetectable cortisol (&amp;lt;1.0 µg/dL, n = 4-20 µg/dL), low ACTH (2.8 pg/mL, n = 7.2-63.3pg/mL), low-normal FT4 (0.6 ng/dL, n = 0.6-1.5ng/dL), low-normal TSH (0.32 µU/mL, n = 0.3-4.2µU/mL), undetectable estradiol (&amp;lt;25 pg/mL, n = 10-400pg/mL), low FSH (4.1 mIU/mL, n = &amp;lt;20 mIU/mL), low LH (0.5 mIU/mL, n = &amp;lt;10 mIU/mL), elevated prolactin (79 ng/mL, n&amp;lt;25ng/mL), and normal IGF-1 (192 ng/mL, n = 63-373ng/mL). Blood cultures, HIV testing, hepatitis serologies, Aspergillus galactomannan and cryptococcal antigen were negative. Replacement with hydrocortisone and levothyroxine was initiated, as well as empiric treatment with ceftriaxone, vancomycin, and metronidazole. Patient then underwent trans-sphenoidal evacuation of the sellar abscess. Specimen cultures grew Serratia marcescens. Post-operatively, she developed arginine vasopressin (AVP) deficiency and was started on desmopressin. Her symptoms and sixth nerve palsy resolved after surgery, and she was discharged with hormone replacements and a 6-week course of ceftriaxone. Conclusion: While other Enterobacteriaceae have previously been isolated from pituitary abscesses (including E. coli, Citrobacter, Salmonella, Proteus and Klebsiella), our case demonstrates, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of Serratia isolated from a pituitary abscess. Serratia is considered to be an opportunistic pathogen, although this patient had no identifiable risk factors for immunosuppression. Also, pituitary abscesses commonly spread from local infections. However, the source of infection in this case is likely the clivus osteomyelitis, which to the best of our knowledge, also has never been reported. In summary, this case differs from other reported cases due to the pituitary abscess growing Serratia with a potential source from the clivus osteomyelitis. Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023

THU383 “My Hands Are Always Stiff”: A Common But Underrecognized Mimicker Of Inflammatory Arthritis.

Abstract Disclosure: I. Iqbal: None. A. Minalyan: None. M. Khan: None. Introduction: Inflammatory arthropathies are often identified in patients by their characteristic patterns, including symmetric small joint involvement, joint stiffness that can improve with physical activity, and others. However, it is crucial to address comorbidities and their impact on symptom presentation when assessing these patients. Here we present a case of a relatively common but underrecognized mimicker of inflammatory arthropathies. Case: A 63-year-old man with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM1) and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was referred to a rheumatology clinic by his family physician to manage RA. He was previously treated with prednisone and methotrexate for six months for presumed seronegative rheumatoid arthritis without any relief. He reported chronic pain and stiffness in his joints: wrists, metacarpophalangeal (MCP), proximal and distal interphalangeal (PIP and DIP) joints, ankles, and feet. His symptoms were worse in the morning. However, on further questioning, he admitted that the stiffness did not improve throughout the day. He denied joint swelling or redness over the affected joints. On exam, his hand joints had significant stiffness. We obtained hand radiographs which did not show erosive changes or significant joint space narrowing. He had negative rheumatoid factor (RF), normal anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies, and antinuclear antibody (ANA) levels, which ruled out the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. A detailed physical exam demonstrated a positive “prayer sign” and “tabletop sign.” Further lab review showed that his hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) had been ranging between 8% to 10% over several years. Eventually, the patient was diagnosed with limited joint mobility due to the poorly controlled DM1. We discontinued his methotrexate and referred him to an endocrinologist to manage the uncontrolled DM1. He was referred to physical therapy for hand stretching exercises. After six months of treatment, his symptoms improved but did not resolve completely. Conclusion: It is essential to identify the impact of diabetes on the musculoskeletal system. Limited joint mobility, previously known as diabetic cheiroarthropathy (DCA), is a common but frequently missed manifestation of poorly controlled diabetes. It is characterized by a limited ability to flex or extend the MCP and IP joints. It may or may not be painful and can progress to fixed flexion contractures of the finger joints. Early recognition is essential for correct diagnosis. Treatment is with tighter glycemic control and physical therapy. Presentation: Thursday, June 15, 2023

Impact of Land Use/Cover Changes on Soil Erosion by Wind and Water from 2000 to 2018 in the Qaidam Basin

Assessing the impact of land use and land cover change (LUCC) on soil erosion by wind and water is crucial for improving regional ecosystem services and sustainable development. In this study, the Revised Wind Erosion Equation (RWEQ) and Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) were used to reveal changes in the extent of soil erosion by wind and water in the Qaidam Basin from 2000 to 2018 and the impact of LUCC on them. From 2000 to 2018, with global climate change, the areas and intensities of soil erosion by wind decreased, whereas those of soil erosion by water increased. With increased human activities, approximately 12.96% of the total area underwent conversion of the type of use: the areas of cropland, woodland, grassland, and construction land increased, whereas the areas of shrubbery, desert, and other unused land decreased. Land use/cover changes are positive to the soil erosion of water but negative to the soil erosion of wind. Among them, the changes in vegetation coverage of other unused land and grassland contributed to 83.19% of the total reduction in soil erosion by water. Converting other unused land to grassland reduced the total reductions in soil erosion by wind by 94.69%. These results indicate that the increase in vegetative cover and area of grasslands in the Qaidam Basin had a positive impact on the reduction in soil erosion. It is recommended that the arrangement of grasses, shrubs, and trees be optimized to prevent compound erosion by wind and water for protecting regional ecological environments.

Radiological Associations between Posterior Edentulism and Condylar Bony Changes: A Retrospective Study

This retrospective study aimed to investigate the relationship between posterior edentulism and condylar bone changes in patients aged 35-60 years. The CBCT images of 259 patients, including 131 posterior edentulous and 128 posterior dentulous patients, were analyzed to identify the types of condylar bone changes. The frequency of flattening, sclerosis, erosion, and reduced joint space was found to be higher in posterior edentulous patients. Regression analysis revealed that combined premolar and molar loss and being female were significant predictors of condylar erosion (p = 0.006; OR: 3.264; 95% CI: 1.401 - 7.603, p=0.031; OR: 2.652; %95 CI: 1.095 - 6.424). The study provides support for the domino effect phenomenon in temporomandibular joint pathology, indicating that posterior edentulism can have a significant impact on the occurrence of erosive condylar changes. The findings suggest that prosthetic and temporomandibular joint treatment approaches should consider the association between posterior edentulism and condylar bone changes, particularly in female patients with combined premolar and molar loss. Therefore, close attention should be paid to the management of these patients to minimize the risk of temporomandibular joint pathology.

P24 TB or not TB? A case of severe multi-organ erosive rheumatoid arthritis in a Ukrainian refugee

P24 TB or not TB? A case of severe multi-organ erosive rheumatoid arthritis in a Ukrainian refugee

P17 A bend in the road: a patient with rheumatoid arthritis developing multicentric reticulohistiocytosis

P17 A bend in the road: a patient with rheumatoid arthritis developing multicentric reticulohistiocytosis

A novel subsurface sediment plate method for quantifying sediment accumulation and erosion in seagrass meadows

Sediment dynamics in seagrass meadows are key determinants of carbon sequestration and storage, surface elevation, and resilience and recovery from disturbance. However, current methods for measuring sediment accumulation are limited. For example, 210Pb dating, the most popular tool for quantifying sediment accretion rates over decadal timescales, relies on assumptions often at odds with seagrass meadows. Here, we have developed a novel subsurface sediment plate method to detect changes in sediment accumulation and erosion in real time that: 1) is affordable and simple to implement, 2) can quantify short-term (weeks to months) sediment dynamics of accumulation and erosion, 3) is non-destructive and minimizes impacts to surface-level processes, and 4) can quantify long-term (years) net sediment accumulation rates. We deployed subsurface sediment plates at two sites within a 20 km2 seagrass meadow in the Virginia Coast Reserve Long-Term Ecological Research site, USA. Here, we discuss spatial and temporal trends in sediment dynamics over a 25-month period, the sediment accretion rates estimated using the subsurface sediment plate method compared to previous estimates based on 210Pb dating, the precision of the method, and our recommendations for implementing the method for measuring surface sediment dynamics in other seagrass settings. We recommend the application of this method for quantifying short- and long-term changes in seagrass surface sediments across various spatial scales to improve our understanding of disturbance, recovery, restoration, carbon cycling, sediment budgets, and the response of seagrasses to rising sea levels.

Human activities are the key driver of water erosion changes in northeastern China

AbstractNortheast China is experiencing severe soil erosion, resulting in land degradation and nutrient loss. Among them, water erosion poses the greatest threat to food security. Combining various multi‐source data, we applied the modified soil erosion equation (RUSLE) to evaluate the water erosion modulus in Northeast China (1985–2021). We used the threshold segmentation and residual analysis method to quantify the relative roles of climate change and human activities on water erosion. The outcomes were as follows: (1) In recent decades, the average annual water erosion modulus in northeastern China was 804.78 t·km−2·a−1, decreasing with a slope of −11.114 t·km−2·a−1. In 24% of the study area, the erosion modulus increased significantly, mainly in grassland and farmland, due to grassland degradation and expansion of sloping cropland. In 20% of the study area, erosion modulus decreased significantly, mainly spread in forests, which was attributed to the implementation of important ecological restoration projects by the Chinese government, such as afforestation programs and returning farmland to forest. (2) During the research process, there were spatial variations in water erosion drivers in Northeast China. For areas with significant increases in erosion, 20% of the total study area were caused by anthropogenic factors, and 3% were attributed to natural factors. For areas where erosion had significantly improved, 18% of the total study area was attributed to ecological restoration, and 2% to natural factors. (3) Based on the results of the study, ecological restoration of forests and grasses, management of sloping cropland, and conservation tillage were recommended to reduce soil erosion in Northeast China.