Changes In Eating Habits Research Articles

The Impact of COVID-19 Curfew on Food Security Status, Eating Habits, and Health among Adults Living in Saudi Arabia

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic and its related containment actions have impacted food security. This study aimed to assess food security status of adults in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 curfew, and describe their coping strategies, eating habits, and health conditions. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey, which included questions on sociodemographic characteristics, food security status, coping strategies, eating habits and self-rated health. Results: A total of 605 adults living in Saudi Arabia were recruited through an online survey. The overall prevalence of food insecurity was 28.4% (n= 172). Food insecurity was significantly higher among males with lower education and income level, and in participants living in rented properties. Numerous coping strategies were found to be significantly different between four types of food security groups. The total score of coping strategies was negatively associated with food security status (0.94 +/- 1.59, 2.78 +/- 2.44, 6.43 +/- 2.76, 7.34 +/- 2.20, respectively, p < 0.001). Food-insecure participants were significantly more likely to report poor/fair physical and mental health, compared to food-secure participants (p< 0.001). Food insecurity was significantly associated with changes in usual eating habits during the COVID-19 curfew (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The results showed that food insecurity can have a potential impact on adults' health and eating habits. Governments need to take crucial actions and adopt comprehensive policies, both locally and globally, to ensure food security among populations.

Local food and changes in tourist eating habits in a sun-and-sea destination: a segmentation approach

PurposeLittle is known about how tourists’ eating habits change between everyday life and holidays. This study aims to identify market segments based on changes in food consumption and experiences of a sun-and-sea destination’s local food. The authors evaluate to what extent tourists consume local food and assess the contribution of local food experiences to the tourists’ overall experience.Design/methodology/approachThe target population was all tourists visiting the Algarve in the Summer 2018 and included both domestic and international sun-and-sea tourists. A sample of 378 valid questionnaires was collected. Data analysis included descriptive analysis, statistical tests and cluster analysis.FindingsCluster analysis identified three segments: non-foodies, selective foodies and local gastronomy foodies. Results indicate that tourists change their eating habits during holidays, eating significantly more seafood and fish and less legumes, meat, fast food and cereals and their derivatives. International and domestic sun-and-sea tourists reported that eating local food contributes significantly to their overall tourism experience.Practical implicationsSun-and-sea destinations should promote the offer of local dishes, especially those that include locally produced fish and seafood, to improve the tourist experience, differentiate the destination and increase sustainability.Originality/valueThe authors address three identified research gaps:a posteriorisegmentation based on tourists’ food consumption behaviour; measurement of changes in eating practices between home and in a sun-and-sea destination; and assessment of the role of food experiences to overall tourism experience of tourists visiting a sun-and-sea destination.

Suplementação nutricional e sua associação com a saúde e a composição corporal de praticantes de musculação

O presente estudo de cunho quantitativo, teve como objetivo analisar a suplementação nutricional e a sua relação com a saúde e composição corporal de praticantes de musculação em uma academia da cidade de Castanhal-PA, bem como avaliar as mudanças antropométricas ocasionadas em decorrência da reeducação alimentar dos sujeitos pesquisados. Participaram deste estudo 20 indivíduos, sendo 10 homens e 10 mulheres, com idade entre 20 e 35 anos. Foram aplicados dois questionários recordatários, um sobre como era a alimentação do indivíduo antes de iniciar seu período de treinamento e um sobre sua alimentação após três meses de treinamento, e um terceiro questionário relacionado à suplementação alimentar. Os resultados apontaram melhoras significativas na reeducação alimentar dos sujeitos. Quanto a suplementação alimentar, os suplementos mais consumidos foram os ricos em proteínas (60% dos homens e 83% das mulheres) e aminoácidos ramificados, sendo estes consumidos por 30% dos homens e 67% das mulheres. A maior parte dos suplementos foi consumida por iniciativa própria para 38% dos homens. Os benefícios observados e relatados com a suplementação foram o ganho de força e de massa muscular - em que 50% dos homens e 60% das mulheres apresentaram esses ganhos. Sendo que também uma minoria da amostra relatou alguns efeitos colaterais que foram associados ao suplemento alimentar. Mudanças positivas na antropometria também foram observadas. Conclui-se que existe uma forte relação entre exercícios físicos e mudanças de hábitos alimentares, e a associação com uso de suplementos alimentares.

Determine the Factors Affecting Students Eating Habits Change: A Study in Rajshahi University

Determine the Factors Affecting Students Eating Habits Change: A Study in Rajshahi University

Perceived child weight status, family structure and functioning, and support for health behaviors in a sample of bariatric surgery patients.

The purpose of this study is to describe the associations between bariatric surgery patients' perspectives of their child's weight status, family support for eating and exercise behavior change, and family structure and functioning. A cross-sectional descriptive design with pre- and postsurgery (N = 224) patients was used. Demographics, perceptions of child weight status, family support for eating habits and exercise, and family functioning were assessed from patients at a University Bariatric Clinic. Patients who perceived their child to be overweight/obese reported more impaired family functioning, less family exercise participation, and more discouragement for eating habit change in the family compared to patients who did not perceive their child to be overweight/obese. Single parents more often perceived their children to be overweight/obese, and had more impaired family functioning, and less support for changing eating habits and family exercise participation. Patients with impaired family functioning reported less support for changing eating habits and family exercise participation. Bariatric patients who perceived their child to be overweight/obese and identified as single parents reported more impaired family functioning and less support for eating habits and family participation in exercise. Assessing pre- and postsurgery measures from parents and children will allow the further identification of relationship variables that can be targeted to promote positive family changes that benefit parents and children long-term. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Os impactos do isolamento social sobre as mudanças no comportamento alimentar e ganho de peso durante a pandemia do COVID-19 em Belo Horizonte e região metropolitana, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil

O presente artigo tem como objetivo avaliar os sentimentos envolvidos com o isolamento social e sua relação com as alterações dos hábitos alimentares e o ganho de peso durante a pandemia do COVID-19 em Belo Horizonte e região metropolitana. A metodologia utilizada foi pesquisa exploratória de natureza quantitativa. O questionário aplicado em junho de 2020 foi elaborado no Google Formulários e obteve uma amostra de 700 respondentes. Os dados foram tabulados no Excel e analisados no RStudio. Foram utilizadas as frequências absolutas e relativas das seguintes variáveis: sentimentos percebidos durante o isolamento social, influência do isolamento na saúde física e mental das pessoas e mudança de hábitos alimentares. Posteriormente esses dados foram utilizados para realizar uma relação cruzada destas questões com a variação de peso. Dos 700 respondentes, 83% estiveram em isolamento social durante algum momento da pandemia, e destes, 54% ganharam peso. Dentre os sentimentos envolvidos com a pandemia, os destaques foram ansiedade, medo de parentes e amigos adoecerem, incerteza quanto ao futuro e preocupação. Sobre a qualidade da alimentação, 44% (p &lt; 0.0001) disseram ter piorado a qualidade do consumo alimentar e 55% (p &lt; 0.0001) afirmam estarem comendo com maior frequência. Constatou-se que houve um aumento no consumo de doces, refrigerantes, álcool, massas e itens de padaria (p &lt; 0.0001).

Microbiological evaluation of minimally processed and marketed fish in popular market of the city of Tepic Nayarit, Mexico Sanitary quality of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Introduction Foodborne Diseases (FD) are considered a syndrome caused by the ingestion of contaminated food or water with etiological agents in amounts that affect the health of the consumer. These diseases are characterized by the appearance of a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms, ranging from nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and fever; and in some cases severe complications, such as sepsis, meningitis, abortions, Reiter's syndrome, Guillan Barre syndrome or death (51). Foodborne diseases are established as a major challenge in public health worldwide, due to their high morbidity and mortality. These diseases have, as main population target, groups affecting children, pregnant women and the elderly, leading to economic losses, high costs in health services, implementation and monitoring of food safety policies (2,42,47). Approximately 250 agents causing foodborne diseases have been described, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, prions, toxins, chemicals and metals (27,42). The most frequent FD are those of biological origin, having mainly as causative agents to bacteria: Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Shigella spp., Vibrio spp., Yersinia spp., Escherichia coli, S. aureus, Aeromonas hydrofila, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes, among others (27,47,51). In recent years, the increase in these diseases has as contributing factors the commercial globalization of food, urbanization, changes in the eating habits of societ

Associations among Sleep Quality, Changes in Eating Habits, and Overweight or Obesity after Studying Abroad among International Students in South Korea.

International students are experiencing health problems due to many lifestyle changes, such as those in dietary and sleep patterns. We conducted this study to identify the associations among sleep patterns, changes in eating habits after studying abroad, and overweight or obesity in international students. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data on health-related variables, changes in eating habits after studying abroad, and sleep patterns that were collected from 225 international students in South Korea. Approximately half of the participants experienced poor sleep (47.6%). After adjusting for covariates such as age, gender, nationality, and acculturative stress, the subjects who had poor sleep quality were 2.020-fold (adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence interval = 1.045–3.906) more likely to be overweight and obese than those who had good sleep quality. There were significant differences in changes of eating habits after studying abroad according to sleep quality (p < 0.001). When subjects were stratified into groups according to changes in eating habits after studying abroad, the risk of overweight and obesity increased in those with poor sleep quality but not in those with good sleep quality among subjects who had changes in bad eating habits. However, the risk of overweight and obesity did not differ among subjects with changes in good eating habits regardless of their sleep quality.

Family Meal Practices and Weight Talk Between Adult Weight Management and Weight Loss Surgery Patients and Their Children

ObjectiveTo identify predictors associated with specific family meal practices and weight talk among patients participating in weight management programs (WMPs) and weight loss surgery (WLS) and their children. DesignCross-sectional survey. SettingTwo US weight management centers. Participants259 patients (aged ≥ 18 years) in either WMP (n = 101) or WLS (n = 158) and residing with a child (aged 2–18 years) Main Outcome Measure(s)Dependent variables: family meal practices (Project EAT) and weight talk (investigator-created). Covariates: family communication (Family Communication Scale), family discouragement for making eating habit change (Social Support for Eating Habits Survey), child age, sex, and perceived weight status, and WMP or WLS participation. AnalysisBinomial and ordinal regression models determined the odds of engaging in specific family meal practices and weight talk, including covariates. ResultsPatients had increased odds of engaging in family dinners if they reported lower family discouragement (P = .003) and had younger children (P < .001), and increased odds of engaging in family breakfast if they had higher family communication (P = .002) and younger children (P = .020). Patients had increased odds of talking about their child's weight if their child was perceived to have an overweight/obese weight status (P < .001). Patients with older children had increased odds of talking about their weight with their child (P = .021). Conclusions and ImplicationsAdditional research assessing the family meal practices and weight talk in the families of adults pursuing weight loss could yield important evidence that could lead to improved patient outcomes, and safely promote healthy behaviors and prevention of obesity in children.

The Association Between Sleep Quality and Eating Habits among International Students in South Korea

Abstract Objectives This study was performed to identify the relationship between sleep quality and eating habits change after going abroad for international students in South Korea. Methods Using self-report questionnaires, data on general characteristics, health-related variables, sleep pattern and eating habits after going abroad were collected from 225 international students (105 men; 120 women). Results More half of the international students experienced poor sleep quality [poor by PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) = 52.0%]. Subjects who reported poor sleep quality had significantly higher total score of eating habits after going abroad (P-value &amp;lt; 0.001), the change of environment for dietary consumption (P = value = 0.010) and eating problems after going abroad (P-value = 0.001) than those who reporting good sleep quality. The high BMI (P-value = 0.043) and risk for overweight and obesity [odd ratio (95% CI) = 2.621 (1.301–5.280), P = value = 0.007] showed the subjects with poor sleep quality. Among subjects with worse eating habits after going abroad, the subjects with poor sleep quality increased their risk for overweight and obesity (OR = 3.433, 95% CI = 1.063–11.085, P = value = 0.039) compared to subjects with good sleep quality. However, those findings were not shown the subjects with better eating habits after going abroad. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrated that sleep quality was associated with eating habits after going abroad, and overweight and obesity among international students in South Korea. Funding Sources This study was supported by the Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2019R1C1C1002149) funded by the Ministry of Science.

Epileptic seizures triggered by eating in dogs

BackgroundSeizures triggered by eating (STE) behavior are very rare in humans and have not been documented previously in dogs.ObjectivesTo document the occurrence of STE in dogs and describe their clinical features.AnimalsTen client‐owned dogs with STE diagnosed at 5 European referral centers.MethodsA call for suspected cases of STE was made online. This call was followed by a retrospective review of medical records, combined with a questionnaire to be completed by both the owner and the board‐certified neurologist who made the diagnosis. Cases were included if >50% of the seizures that occurred were related to eating and if a minimum diagnostic evaluation for seizures had been performed.ResultsFour cases only had STE and 6 cases had both STE and spontaneous seizures. Four of the dogs were retrievers. The most common seizure type was focal epileptic seizures evolving to become generalized. Nine dogs were diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy. One dog had a presumptive diagnosis of glioma involving the margins of the parietal, temporal, and frontal cortex (the perisylvian region), an area known to have a key role in eating‐associated epilepsy in people. Treatment strategies included a combination of pharmacological management and eating habit changes.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceWe have identified a form of reflex epilepsy in dogs, with STE behavior. Further studies are warranted to improve the characterization and management of STE.

Brief Report: Bariatric Surgery Patients' Communication and Engagement in Activities with Their Children.

Children witness parental weight loss from bariatric surgery; however, little is understood about parental engagement and communication with children about weight loss. The purpose of this study is to explore parental engagement in activities and communication about weight loss with children during the bariatric surgery process. Seventy-two pre- or post-surgery parents, living with a child 2-25- years- old, were surveyed using a questionnaire to assess engagement in social and physical activities and communication with children about weight loss, and the Social Support for Exercise and Eating Habits Survey. Multivariate logistic regression determined correlates of engagement and communication, with covariates: child age and perceived weight status, surgery status, and social support. Family discouragement for making eating habit change was associated with an increased odds [OR = 1.21 (CI 1.03, 1.41)] of parents endorsing their weight held them back from social activities. Parents with older children [OR = .88 (CI .78, 1.00)] and children perceived to have overweight/obesity [OR = .18 (CI .03, .96)], and who were post-surgery [OR = 4.78 (CI 1.05, 21.88)] had increased odds of discussing losing weight with their child. The results of this study suggest parents are communicating with their children about weight loss, though more often with older and overweight/obese children.

A case of adult-onset type 2 citrullinemia brought on by changes in disease-specific eating habits following resection of a large portion of the small intestine

A case of adult-onset type 2 citrullinemia brought on by changes in disease-specific eating habits following resection of a large portion of the small intestine

Diet aid or aid to die: an update on 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) use as a weight-loss product.

During the last decades, we have witnessed unparalleled changes in human eating habits and lifestyle, intensely influenced by cultural and social pressures. Sports practice became strongly implemented in daily routines, and visits to the gym peaked, driven by the indulgence in intensive 'weight-loss programs'. The pledge of boasting a healthy and beautiful body instigates the use of very attractive 'fat burners', which are purportedly advertised as safe products, easily available in the market and expected to quickly reduce body weight. In this context, the slimming properties of 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) galvanised its use as a weight-loss product, despite the drug ban for human consumption in many countries since 1938, due to its adverse effects. The main symptoms associated with 2,4-DNP intoxication, including hyperthermia, tachycardia, decreased blood pressure, and acute renal failure, motivated a worldwide warning, issued by the Interpol Anti-Doping Unit in 2015, reinforcing its hazard. Information on the effects of 2,4-DNP mainly derive from the intoxication cases reported by emergency care units, for which there is no specific antidote or treatment. This review provides a comprehensive update on 2,4-DNP use, legislation and epidemiology, chemistry and analytical methodologies for drug determination in commercial products and biological samples, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, toxicological effects, and intoxication diagnosis and management.

Biomarkers and subtypes of deranged lipid metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a heterogeneous and complex disease that is imprecisely diagnosed by liver biopsy. NAFLD covers a spectrum that ranges from simple steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with varying degrees of fibrosis, to cirrhosis, which is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Lifestyle and eating habit changes during the last century have made NAFLD the most common liver disease linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, with a global prevalence of 25%. NAFLD arises when the uptake of fatty acids (FA) and triglycerides (TG) from circulation and de novo lipogenesis saturate the rate of FA β-oxidation and very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TG export. Deranged lipid metabolism is also associated with NAFLD progression from steatosis to NASH, and therefore, alterations in liver and serum lipidomic signatures are good indicators of the disease’s development and progression. This review focuses on the importance of the classification of NAFLD patients into different subtypes, corresponding to the main alteration(s) in the major pathways that regulate FA homeostasis leading, in each case, to the initiation and progression of NASH. This concept also supports the targeted intervention as a key approach to maximize therapeutic efficacy and opens the door to the development of precise NASH treatments.

Evaluation of the Computer-Based Intervention Program Stayingfit Brazil to Promote Healthy Eating Habits: The Results from a School Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.

Interventions via the Internet are promising regarding the promotion of healthy habits among youth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of an adapted version of StayingFit to promote healthy eating habits and the measurement adequacy of anthropometric markers among adolescents. A web school-based 12-month cluster-randomized controlled trial examining 7th to 9th grade students was conducted in twelve schools in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The schools’ students were randomly distributed into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group participated in StayingFit, an online program designed to encourage and guide healthy eating habits and control body weight. Data on food consumption, anthropometry, physical activity level, and sedentary behavior were collected from all of the students at the beginning of and after the 12-month study. Demographic and socioeconomic data were collected at baseline. The baseline data indicated high rates of overweight (14.4% overweight and 8.5% obese), insufficiently active (87.6%), and sedentary (63.7%). Furthermore, few adolescents regularly consumed fruits (18.8%) and vegetables/legumes (16.4%). Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to evaluate the effect of the intervention. At the end of the follow-up period, students in the intervention group had a 43% increased chance of regularly consuming beans (OR = 1.43, 95% CIs = 1.10–1.86) and a 35% decreased chance of regularly consuming soft drinks (OR = 0.65, 95% CIs = 0.50–0.84). No differences were found between the groups studied with regard to the anthropometric parameters. Despite these modest results, the implementation of a web intervention can be beneficial and help promote positive changes in adolescent eating habits.Trial RegistrationBrazilian Registry of Clinical Trials RBR-7qgnbn.

Celebrity Chefs and New Meat Consumption Norms: Seeking Questions, Not Answers

Celebrity Chefs and New Meat Consumption Norms: Seeking Questions, Not Answers

Regulatory mechanisms and clinical perspectives of circRNA in digestive system neoplasms.

A new star, circular RNA (circRNA), is a class of noncoding RNA with a stable cyclic structure. Exonic circRNA mainly exists in the eukaryotic cytoplasm. Intronic circRNAs (ciRNA) and exonic circRNAs with introns (EIciRNA) are found in the nucleus. Recent evidences showed the functional diversity of circRNAs, which could be microRNA (miRNA) sponges, interact with protein or translate into small peptide. Due to the change of human eating habits, digestive cancer remains one of the most common cancers worldwide and it is prone to metastasis. Increasing studies have found a number of circRNAs using RNA sequencing technology and displayed double roles of circRNA in digestive cancer. In this review, we surveyed the biogenesis and regulation of circRNAs, discussed circRNA functions and clinical applications (especially circRNAs in exosome) in digestive cancers, which implied that circRNAs could be as potential biomarkers in diagnosis and treatment of digestive cancers in the future.

Diet intervention according to Trans- theoretic Model in young and middle- aged patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia

Objective To study intervention effect of diet habits according to Trans- theoretic Model (TTM) in young and middle- aged patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Methods 120 patients were divided into the intervention group (n=60) and the control group (n=60). The nursing intervention by stages of TTM was implemented to a total of 56 patients in the intervention group in the study. Routine nursing care was taken to 57 patients in the control group. Patients were evaluated by self - designed questionnaire after 1, 3 and 6 months of the intervention in the two groups respectively, including the diets of patients, the change of patients' eating habit, differences of uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, blood sugar. Results The patients' intake of beer, seafood, meat, edible oil in the intervention group was lower than the patients' intake in the control group, while the patients' intake of fruits and vegetables was higher than the patients' intake in the control group after 1, 3 and 6 months of the intervention, which was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Compared with 27 cases in the control group, 53 cases in the intervention group were in action phase and maintenance phase after 6- month intervention, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). After six months' intervention, the patients' uric acid, triglycerides in the intervention group was (418.01 ± 24.15) μmol /L and (1.52 ± 0.56) mmol /L respectively, which was significantly lower than (435.02 ± 26.35) μmol /L and (2.45 ± 0.74) mmol/L in the control group, t values were -3.47 and 2.20 respectively, P < 0.01. Conclusions Diet intervention based on the TTM can effectively promote the change of patients' unhealthy eating habits, improve self-management skills, and reduce uric acid, which is worthy of generalizing. Key words: Asymptomatic disease; Hyperuricemia; Diet habit; Young and middle- aged; Trans-theoretic Model

The Use of Narrative as a Treatment Approach for Obesity: A Storied Educational Program Description.

Childhood obesity is a health care crisis according to the leading pediatric advocacy groups (National Medical Association, American Academy of Pediatrics, and American Diabetes Association) and the White House. The problem has reached epidemic proportions for all children, but it has an even greater impact on racial minorities. The subject of childhood obesity can lead to a host of medical, psychological, and social problems, including low self-esteem and discrimination.We wrote an interventional children's book and workbook (The Tale of Two Athletes: The Story of Jumper and The Thumper) and developed a three-step intervention based on the narrative. The intervention's purpose is to increase public awareness, reduce stigma, and to help members of underserved communities become more comfortable discussing obesity. In classrooms and other community settings, a storied education program is presented to students of various ages. Interactive storytelling is the first step: live narration with direct listening and active participation. Didactic information on obesity is shared, including a sociocultural explanation for why the issue is more problematic among racial minorities. The audience is then introduced to the story of Jumper and The Thumper, two larger-than-life characters who experience different outcomes as a result of their choices about diet and exercise. True examples are described during the narration about these two young men, accompanied by cartoons and photographs for visual emphasis.The next step is reading: audience members are provided with a book to reinforce what was learned. Readers are allowed to more closely examine the importance of making healthy choices.Practicing positive behaviors and decision making through games and exercises from the companion workbook is the final step. These activities help children and their families live a healthier lifestyle. The goal is that these three steps, linked to a common narrative, will have a meaningful impact on obesity by creating behavioral change. Children, parents, and health care professionals have stated their enthusiastic response to the information and message and that they have made positive changes in children's eating and exercise habits. The program has been presented in community forums, churches, medical meetings, and elementary schools in at-risk communities. New strategies must be developed to lead, uplift, and empower through health and wellness education and through community collaboration if we are to change the direction of course toward this devastating condition that affects our most valuable commodity-our children. This community-based educational approach is a means to help recognize and treat obesity in underserved communities.