Design Changes Research Articles

High pressure turbine rotor blades heating duration experimental estimates prior to the bypass turbofan engine start for reducing thermal stresses

Reducing the durability cost of an aircraft product is an issue either addressed at the design stage or causing significant design modifications. Turbine preheating of a gas turbine engine (GTE) allows for the thermal stress of the rotor blades (RB) to be reduced at the engine start without making design changes, but only by implementing the engine heating technology into the operational process. Values of thermal stresses on rotor blades of a high-pressure turbine of a bypass turbofan engine (TFE) with and without heating allow us to determine the change in the total HPT RB damage rate. In the concept of preheating a GTE prior to the start in order to comply with the preheating technology, it is necessary to know the duration within which the RB will heat up to the required temperature. Thus, the research objective, presented in the paper, is to empirically determine the HPT RB heating time, using thermocouples and pyrometers on a full-scale body depending on the methods of air supply for heating and rotor spinning. A distinctive feature of this work is the application of the empirical approach to determine HPT RB heating time to evaluate the feasibility of the GTE preheating technology application prior to the start and the selection of the most efficient heating method according to the duration criterion. Several methods of engine heating prior to the start, using different sets of equipment and the method of supplying hot air to the turbine, were considered. The results of RB heating time measurements made it possible to establish the method of heating with minimal time expenditure prior to the engine start.

노면 디자인 차이가 가로경관 인식에 미치는 영향

노면 디자인 차이가 가로경관 인식에 미치는 영향

Enhancing undergraduates’ engagement in a learning community by including their voices in the technological and instructional design

Over the past decades, Social Networking Tools (SNT) have been applied in educational settings to support students' engagement in learning communities. Previous studies suggested the positive effects of including students' voices in technological and instructional design. However, educators usually cannot revise the features of SNT as they like, which may limit the possibility of enhancing students' engagement (i.e., cognitive, emotional, and social-behavioral engagement). Therefore, this study explored whether changing SNT technological and instructional design based on students' voices can improve engagement. We developed a photo-sharing web-based SNT and examined whether refining the SNT and instruction design based on students' input would enhance their multifaceted engagement in a learning community. We collected the opinions and feedback from 114 undergraduate students in an environmental psychology course at a private university in the USA using surveys every three weeks. We refined the technological and instructional design accordingly. Students' engagement was measured four times during the semester, and after the semester, nine students were interviewed with regard to how the technological and instructional design changes influenced their engagement. With successive iterations, we found that students' cognitive and emotional engagement significantly improved, while their social-behavioral engagement did not change significantly during the study. Interview results further explained how the design changes influenced students' engagement. The findings suggested soliciting students’ input into SNT technological and instructional design can benefit their engagement in a learning community, while engagement was also influenced by many other factors.

AI pricing algorithms under platform competition

AbstractPlatforms play an essential role in the modern economy. At the same time, due to advances in artificial intelligence (AI), algorithms are becoming more widely used for pricing and other business functions. Previous literature examined algorithmic pricing, but not in the context of network effects and platforms. Moreover, platform competition literature has not considered how algorithms may affect competition. We study the performance of AI pricing algorithms (Q-learning and Particle Swarm Optimization) and naïve algorithms (price-matching) under platform competition. We find that algorithms set an optimal price structure that internalizes network effects. However, no algorithm is always the best because profitability depends on the type of competing algorithms and market characteristics, such as differentiation and network effects. Additionally, algorithms learn autonomously when an equilibrium is unstable and avoid it. When algorithm adoption is an endogenous strategic decision, several algorithms can be adopted in equilibrium; we characterize the conditions for the various outcomes and show that the equilibrium and platform profits are sensitive to algorithm design changes. Overall, our research suggests that AI algorithms can be effective in the presence of network effects, and platforms are likely to adopt a variety of algorithms. Lastly, we reflect on the business value of AI and identify opportunities for future research at the intersection of AI algorithms and platforms.

Designing Survey-Based Mobile Interfaces for Rural Patients With Cancer Using Apple's ResearchKit and CareKit: Usability Study.

Despite the increased accessibility and availability of technology in recent years, equality and access to health-related technology remain limited to some demographics. In particular, patients who are older or from rural communities represent a large segment of people who are currently underusing mobile health (mHealth) solutions. System usability continues to hinder mHealth adoption among users with nontraditional digital literacy. This study aims to investigate if state-of-the-art mobile app interfaces from open-source libraries provide sufficient usability for rural patients with cancer, with minimal design changes and forgoing the co-design process. We developed Assuage (Network Reconnaissance Lab) as a research platform for any mHealth study. We conducted a pilot study using Assuage to assess the usability of 4 mobile user interfaces (UIs) based on open-source libraries from Apple's ResearchKit and CareKit. These UIs varied in complexity for reporting distress symptoms. Patients with cancer were recruited at the Markey Cancer Center, and all research procedures were conducted in person. Participants completed the distress assessment using a randomly selected UI in Assuage with little to no assistance. Data were collected on participant age, location, mobile app use, and familiarity with mHealth apps. Participants rated usability with the System Usability Scale (SUS), and usability issues were documented and compared. A one-way ANOVA was used to compare the effect of the UIs on the SUS scores. We recruited 30 current or postsurgery patients with cancer for this pilot study. Most participants were aged >50 years (24/30, 80%), from rural areas (25/30, 83%), had up to a high school education (19/30, 63%), and were unfamiliar with mHealth apps (21/30, 70%). General mobile app use was split, with 43% (14/30) of the patients not regularly using mobile apps. The mean SUS score across the UIs was 75.8 (SD 22.2), with UI 3 and UI 4 achieving an SUS score ≥80, meeting the industry standard for good usability of 80. Critical usability issues were related to data input and navigation with touch devices, such as scale-format questions, vertical scrolling, and traversing multiple screens. The findings from this study show that most patients with cancer (20/30, 67%) who participated in this study rated the different interfaces of Assuage as above-average usability (SUS score >68). This suggests that Apple's ResearchKit and CareKit libraries can provide usable UIs for older and rural users with minimal interface alterations. When resources are limited, the design stage can be simplified by omitting the co-design process while preserving suitable usability for users with nontraditional technical proficiency. Usability comparable to industry standards can be achieved by considering heuristics for interface and electronic survey design, specifically how to segment and navigate surveys, present important interface elements, and signal gestural interactions.

A Method for Reconstruction of Size Distributions from 3D Drone Image Analysis: A Case Study

AbstractThis paper describes a novel procedure to assess fragmentation from automatic analysis of 3D photogrammetric models with a commercial software. The muckpiles from 12 blasts were photographed with a conventional drone to build 3D photogrammetric models; the flights were made with a relatively constant ground sampling distance (GSD) of 6.2 sd 0.92 mm (mean and standard deviation, respectively). A comparison with already published mass-based size distributions from 11 of these blasts, shows a good performance of automatic 3D-fragmentation measurements in the coarse range (P ≥ 60%), while deviations between mass-based and 3D model fragmentation analysis grow towards the central-fines range. As a solution, the Swebrec function is fitted to the reliable part of the size distributions, well above the GSD, and then is extended towards the fines, down to a percentage passing of 5–10%. The suitable fitting range is obtained iteratively from the mass-based fragmentation data; the lower fragment size considered is independent of the model’s resolution (i.e. GSD) with mean of 357 mm (equivalent to a passing in the range 66–86%, and well above the GSD of our models). The resulting distributions match properly mass-based size distributions with relative errors in percentile sizes of 15.5 sd 3.4%, and they can be represented with the simplest form of the fragmentation-energy-fan. As a guideline for reconstruction of size distributions and fines assessment when mass-based data is not available, the lower-fitting limit of 357 mm yields reasonable results (mean errors in pass in the range 5–36%) for the present case. The errors are limited enough to keep a sound description of the variation of fragmentation with change in blast design.

Research on propagation routing optimisation of product design change considering multi-domain network collaboration

As the product life cycle progresses, the impact of product design change gradually extends from design to production and supply. Companies must minimise the impact of design change dissemination to improve delivery speed and enhance corporate competitiveness. Considering that design change will causes change in other links of product, enterprises need to establish an evaluation index system to explore the influence of multiple fields on the change propagation intensity. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimisation model of design change propagation routing based on multi-domain network collaboration for enterprises to evaluate intensity of change propagation. Firstly, component, production and supply networks are constructed based on complex network theory and mapped to multi-domain networks. Secondly, the optimisation model of change propagation routing is established. By quantifying the change propagation probability, node crucial, change cost and change time, the minimum value of change propagation intensity of multi-domain network collaborative design is calculated. Finally, taking the medical call system as an example, the hybrid genetic ant colony algorithm is used to find the optimal change propagation routing of multi-domain network collaboration, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method and provides a reference for enterprises to minimise the impact of product design change propagation.

Application of Environmental and Biological Frequency Indicators to Assess the Serpula lacrymans Fungus in Wooden Dwellings

High moisture content, low ventilation levels, and changes in the hygrothermal design of wooden dwellings could generate environmental conditions favorable for developing the rot fungus Serpula lacrymans, which is known as the most destructive fungus of its kind. The purpose of this research was to develop an experimental methodology to determine the conditions of the appearance of the fungus S. lacrymans, through in situ measurement of biological and environmental frequency indicators for wooden dwellings in South Central Chile. The referential standards for the appearance of the fungus were determined based on specialized literature and measurements of dwellings with and without deterioration. The frequency indicators for the appearance of the fungus defined and studied were as follows: frequency of air temperature FATs (%), frequency of relative humidity FRMs (%), frequency of ventilation rate FVRs (%), and rot fungus spore concentrations (CFU/pp). The methodology was validated by being measured in various enclosures and spaces under the floor in wooden dwellings in the cities of Valdivia and Temuco. The results confirmed the strong relationship between environmental relative humidity frequencies, ventilation levels, and spore concentration regarding the appearance of the fungus, where the growth dynamics cannot be separately explained without a previous analysis of the variables. In general, the dwellings most affected by the presence of the fungus had the greatest moisture levels, lower ventilation levels, and greater spore concentration. This study is the basis to diagnose the phenomena of the appearance of the rot fungus in wooden dwellings in climates favorable for its development.

Outcomes Following Intraoperative Calcar Fractures During Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty

BackgroundIntraoperative calcar fractures (IOCFs) are an established complication of cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA). Prompt recognition and management may prevent subsequent postoperative complications. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes and revision rates of THAs with IOCFs identified and managed intraoperatively. MethodsThere were 11,438 primary cementless THAs performed at a single institution from 2009 to 2022. Prospectively collected data on cases with an IOCF was compared to cases without the complication. The fracture group had a lower body mass index (26.9 versus 28.9 kg/m2; P = .01). Patient age, sex, and mean follow-up (3.2 (0 to 12.8) versus 3.5 years (0 to 14); P = .45) were similar between groups. ResultsAn IOCF occurred in 62 of 11,438 (0.54%) cases. The THAs done via a direct anterior approach experienced the lowest rate of fractures (31 of 7,505, 0.4%) compared to postero-lateral (27 of 3,759, 0.7%; P = .03) and lateral (4 of 165, 2.4%; P < .01) approaches. Of the IOCFs, 48 of 62 (77%) were managed with cerclage cabling, 4 of 62 (6.5%) with intraoperative stem design change and cabling, 4 of 62 (6.5%) with restricted weight-bearing, and 6 of 62 (9.7%) with no modification to the standard postoperative protocol. The IOCF group experienced one case of postoperative component subsidence. No subjects in the IOCF cohort required revision, and rates were similar between groups (0 of 62, 0% versus 215 of 11,376, 1.9%; P = .63). Postoperative Hip dysfunction and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Joint Replacement scores were comparable (85.7 versus 86.4; P = .80). ConclusionsCementless THA complicated by IOCF had similar postoperative revision rates and patient-reported outcome measures at early follow-up when compared to patients not experiencing this complication. Surgeons may use these data to provide postoperative counseling on expectations and outcomes following these rare intraoperative events.

Optimized Design of Hyaluronic Acid-Lipid Conjugate Biomaterial for Augmenting CD44 Recognition of Surface-Engineered NK Cells.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents treatment challenges due to a lack of detectable surface receptors. Natural killer (NK) cell-based adaptive immunotherapy is a promising treatment because of the characteristic anticancer effects of killing malignant cells directly by secreting cytokines and lytic granules. To maximize the cancer recognition ability of NK cells, biomaterial-mediated ex vivo cell surface engineering has been developed for sufficient cell membrane immobilization of tumor-targeting ligands via hydrophobic anchoring. In this study, we optimized amphiphilic balances of NK cell coating materials composed of CD44-targeting hyaluronic acid (HA)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-lipid to improve TNBC recognition and the anticancer effect. Changes in the modular design of our material by differentiating hydrophilic PEG length and incorporating lipid amount into HA backbones precisely regulated the amphiphilic nature of HA-PEG-lipid conjugates. The optimized biomaterial demonstrated improved anchoring into NK cell membranes and facilitating the surface presentation level of HA onto NK cell surfaces. This led to enhanced cancer targeting via increasing the formation of immune synapse, thereby augmenting the anticancer capability of NK cells specifically toward CD44-positive TNBC cells. Our approach addresses targeting ability of NK cell to solid tumors with a deficiency of surface tumor-specific antigens while offering a valuable material design strategy using amphiphilic balance in immune cell surface engineering techniques.

Designence® 2.0: Strategic Design for a Responsible Future in Action

Design, design management and design thinking as drivers of innovation and as means to enhance organizational performance are only now, however slowly, being taken seriously by private sector service providers and manufacturing industries, the public sector, and third sector organizations.Like everything else, the field of design changes to keep pace with the world around us. Learn about a unique tool that facilitates an examination of an organization's vision and mission in relation to the powers of design.

Assessing Embodied Carbon for Reinforced Concrete Structures in Canada

The global emphasis on reducing greenhouse gas emissions means that engineers and architects are increasingly required to account for embodied carbon in their designs. However, there is a lack of knowledge and tools in the structural engineering community to enable calculation of embodied carbon for reinforced concrete structures. This paper aims to address this concern by providing a review of the most up-to-date approaches for calculating embodied carbon as well as the important factors that engineers should consider during the design phase to reduce embodied carbon. Environmental product declarations for concrete in four Canadian provinces will also be compared to illustrate the variability in the embodied carbon and the factors that influence this variability. Finally, the paper will present a case-study on the design of a reinforced concrete beam to demonstrate how to calculate embodied carbon and to illustrate how changes in design can influence the total embodied carbon.

Significant risks that trigger cost overruns and delays in urban rail projects: a typical case study of Vietnam

PurposeUrban rail projects are typically large-scale transport infrastructure projects (megaprojects) which have many potential risks that can influence the strategic goals of owners. However, there is a paucity of studies which explore the impact of risks on both “urban rail” project time and cost together considering quantitative assessments. Therefore, this paper focuses on investigating critical risks and quantifying such risk impacts on urban railway project schedule and cost in practice.Design/methodology/approachA combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods comprising semi-interviews with five experts and a questionnaire survey of 132 professional respondents is used. The data were modeled using Monte Carlo Simulation to predict the probability of project schedule and cost.FindingsThe results show that 30 risk variables are categorized into seven main groups which have significant impacts on both project time and cost. Outstanding five risk variables were highlighted as follows: (1) project site clearance and land compensation; (2) design changes; (3) physical project resources; (4) contractors’ competencies and (5) project finance. Such findings were supported by Monte Carlo simulation which predicted in the worst case that the project may suffer 11.03 months’ delays and have cost overrun with a contingency of US$287.68 million.Originality/valueThis study expands our knowledge about time and cost contingency of urban metro railway implementation across developing economies and particularly within the context of Vietnam. Policymakers will not only gain an understanding about risk structure but will also recognize the significant impacts of critical risk through risk impact modeling and simulation. Such an approach provides insights into risk treatment priorities for planners so that they can proactively establish suitable strategies for risk mitigation in practice.

Solvent-Free Organic Liquids: An Efficient Fluid Matrix for Unexplored Functional Hybrid Materials.

ConspectusThe invention of solvent-free organic liquids (SOLs) was serendipitous. However, the curiosity-driven research in the later stage delivered new soft materials with exciting optical, and optoelectronic properties along with appealing physical characteristics suitable for the futuristic applications. A slight change in the molecular design resulted in a drastic change in the physical state of molecules demonstrating monomer-like features in the bulk. The basic idea of core isolation has been successful in delivering new SOLs with attractive functional properties. The unique fluid matrix associated with SOLs offers a tremendous opportunity for making hybrid materials by simple mixing. The chance to study the fundamentally important electron transfer, energy transfer, charge transfer interactions, triplet-state emissions, and even detailed NMR experiments in the solvent-free neat state is the major attraction of SOLs. Usually, solvents and their polarity control such molecular properties, and in the case of SOLs, it avoids the use of solvents to study such fundamentally important properties. Besides, SOLs protect the triplet emitters and excited state processes involving triplet states from quenchers and make the analysis possible under ambient conditions.Our effort in this direction was focused on tuning the ground and excited state properties by transforming conventional organic molecules to SOLs and further value addition by preparing the hybrid SOLs. We developed a series of hybrid SOLs, exploring room-temperature phosphorescence, thermally activated delayed fluorescence, charge or energy transfer between donor and acceptor SOLs, selective explosive sensing, etc. A slight variation in the chemical structure or optoelectronic properties of the individual components imparted exciting optical features for the hybrid SOLs. It includes nonemissive charge transfer, tunable emission exciplex, room temperature phosphorescence, and thermally activated delayed fluorescence SOLs. The liquid matrix of donor SOLs accommodated varying amounts of acceptor SOLs to tune the ground and excited state features. In all examples of donor-acceptor-based hybrid SOLs, even a low amount of acceptor, such as a donor-acceptor ratio of 1000:1, can cause pronounced optical properties. Hence, the evaluation of the optical properties of SOLs, especially, in the absence of solvents is so special that it avoids the interference of solvent molecules. Still, the major drawback of SOLs remains unsolved until we report polymerizable SOLs. Although a large variety of SOLs have been reported in the literature, the long-lasting problem of surface stickiness of SOLs was resolved by polymerizable SOLs. It enabled the development of flexible, foldable, and stretchable large-area luminescent films suitable for lighting and display devices. In this Account, we summarize our work on SOLs, hybrid SOLs, polymerizable SOLs, and the application of SOLs in selective sensing of explosives. Finally, an outlook on the feasibility of luminescent polymerizable SOLs in futuristic applications is provided.

Factor Analysis of Construction Discrepancy to Building Approval Documents (PBG)

In practice, there are often discrepancies between the physical construction of the building and the building permit documents provided by Dinas Penataan Ruang dan Pertanahan Kota Palu. These discrepancies can include various aspects, such as building design, structural design, layout, or unauthorized design changes. These non-conformities can also occur caused by various factors, such as insufficiently skilled resources, lack of communication between construction teams, unauthorized design changes, and lack of supervision. The aim of this research is to determine the factors that influence construction non-conformance with Building Approval documents (PBG) and the factors that most influence construction non-conformance with Building Approval documents (PBG) In this research, the sampling technique used was probability sampling with the number of respondents as many as 114 using the Slovin formula, and the application for a building construction permit was submitted to Dinas Penataan Ruang dan Pertanahan Kota Palu from January 2022 to June 2023. A total of 114 respondents were surveyed. Data collection uses observation techniques and distributing questionnaires. Data analysis using Factor Analysis. Based on research findings, there are seven factors that influence deviations from building permits (PBG) documents namely 1). Regulation and Supervision; 2) Resources; 3) Design; 4). Management; ; 5). Technical; 6). Sanctions and 7). Implementation. The size of the influence of all these factors reached 61.955%, The remaining 38.045% is influenced by other factors whose influence is less significant.

The Chronology of Development Tracer Study System at Tanjungpura University

The implementation of the Tracer Study at Tanjungpura University has been carried out since 2011 and became an electronic or online system in 2015. The system and design of the online tracer study at Tanjungpura University experienced dynamics that were adjusted to internal and external factors from 2015 to 2022. The influencing factors included changes in the mandate Dikti/Belmawa, resources, and the development of tracer study instruments. These factors cause several obstacles and challenges in creating an efficient Tracer Study system and desain. The purpose of As discussion is to review an overview of the development of the Tracer Study system and design at the Tanjungpura University to create a more efficient Tracer Study system. The research method is carried out by identifying a system model developed from 2015 to 2022 with the Borg and Gall models. The search results show that there have been system and design changes four times from 2015 to 2022. Furthermore, some systems and designs are less efficient in implementing the tracer study from 2015 to 2019 by making an online surveyor input system to reduce the tracer study's essence and function. However, in 2020, the online filling process has all been directed by alumni to fill in directly.

Optimization of Pupil Fit Parameters for Contact Hole Pattern CD Difference Improvement

AbstractIn the stacked semiconductor structure, the contact hole layer is widely used in Dram/3D NAND as a connection path between layers. During the lithographical process of the contact hole layer, a critical issue known as CD difference appears. When faced with this issue in a mass production environment, solutions are limited. In particular, the only solution for the issue caused by a difference of pupil shape is to change the illumination ID, which requires a full design change of the pupil. This is challenging and causes differences in the recipe and equipment. As a way to fundamentally solve this problem, the ellipticity among the pupil fit parameters is optimized to minimize CD differences. Through simulation, the difference between the issue pupil and the reference pupil was confirmed, and the pupil fit parameter was calculated. The pupil shape was predicted by applying the calculated pupil fit parameter. Pattern simulation was performed using the predicted pupil shape, and conditions suitable for the direction of improvement were established to confirm improved CD difference. In both cases, the improvement tendency was confirmed in the predicted direction and was suitable for a mass production environment.

Critical Risk Factors influencing Time Schedule of Residential Projects in Pakistan

Delays in residential construction projects are common issues in both developing and developed countries. This research aims to identify the key reasons behind these delays in Pakistan. When the projects run behind schedule, this can lead to problems such as exceeding the budget, reduced productivity at the construction site, and potentially lower quality work. The study involved a detailed survey using questionnaires that were addressed to industry professionals. Their responses were used to rank the critical factors causing delays. The most significant factors were found to be fluctuating material prices, financial challenges for contractors, underestimating project duration, poor site management, inexperienced contractors, ineffective project management, communication gaps among project stakeholders, shortage of skilled workers, changes in project design, unqualified contractors, and inadequate project planning. Identifying these critical factors through the Relative Importance Index (RII) method can help in addressing and preventing delays in Pakistan's construction projects, ensuring timely completion and better project outcomes in the future.

Design of the first fusion experiment to achieve target energy gain G>1.

In this work we present the design of the first controlled fusion laboratory experiment to reach target gain G>1 N221204 (5 December 2022) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 065102 (2024)10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.065102], performed at the National Ignition Facility, where the fusion energy produced (3.15 MJ) exceeded the amount of laser energy required to drive the target (2.05 MJ). Following the demonstration of ignition according to the Lawson criterion N210808, experiments were impacted by nonideal experimental fielding conditions, such as increased (known) target defects that seeded hydrodynamic instabilities or unintentional low-mode asymmetries from nonuniformities in the target or laser delivery, which led to reduced fusion yields less than 1 MJ. This Letter details design changes, including using an extended higher-energy laser pulse to drive a thicker high-density carbon (also known as diamond) capsule, that led to increased fusion energy output compared to N210808 as well as improved robustness for achieving high fusion energies (greater than 1 MJ) in the presence of significant low-mode asymmetries. For this design, the burnup fraction of the deuterium and tritium (DT) fuel was increased (approximately 4% fuel burnup and a target gain of approximately 1.5 compared to approximately 2% fuel burnup and target gain approximately 0.7 for N210808) as a result of increased total (DT plus capsule) areal density at maximum compression compared to N210808. Radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of this design predicted achieving target gain greater than 1 and also the magnitude of increase in fusion energy produced compared to N210808. The plasma conditions and hotspot power balance (fusion power produced vs input power and power losses) using these simulations are presented. Since the drafting of this manuscript, the results of this paper have been replicated and exceeded (N230729) in this design, together with a higher-quality diamond capsule, setting a new record of approximately 3.88MJ of fusion energy and fusion energy target gain of approximately 1.9.

Evolution of Maotai Wine Packaging Design in Maotai Town Guizhou China

Packaging design has become a critical tool for marketers and producers in the wine industry. Consumer behavior is influenced by the effectiveness of design and development strategies, and therefore the study focuses on the changes in the packaging design of Maotai wine. This study intends to explore the evolution of Maotai wine packaging design in Maotai Town, Guizhou, China, known as the production site of Maotai wine. To satisfy the objectives of the study, a qualitative study was developed so that researchers could gain an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with designers and marketers in Maotai Town, Guizhou, China. This flexible approach allowed the evaluation of the perceptions of key stakeholders in the design and marketing of Maotai wine can be captured. The findings of the study offer substantial insights and strategies which can be applied to the design of culturally significant products. The findings offer insights into the overall strategy and vision used by Maotai in the packaging and preparation of Maotai wine. This study, therefore, intended to contribute to a broader understanding of the significance of packaging design along with shedding light on the factors that have impacted Maotai wine packaging design over the years, such as innovation, tradition, and consumers.