Changes In Behavior Patterns Research Articles

Climate change influences the risk of physically harmful human-wildlife interactions

Interactions with wildlife can pose substantial physical risk to humans, as well as damage efforts to protect the species involved. News reports of increasing dangerous interactions with animals indicate climate change may be acting as a risk magnifier for these confrontations, yet its impacts on human-wildlife interactions remain uncertain in the scientific discourse. We analysed 331 media reports on climate change driven human wildlife conflicts involving physically dangerous species and verified the effects found in the media with evidence from scientific literature. Our analysis showed that climate change can increase wildlife-induced physical harm to people. This result was consistent for venomous species, terrestrial-and aquatic carnivorous species and large-bodied terrestrial animals in 44 countries across the globe. We identified four climate driven trends that impact the risk of human casualties: i) increased resource competition between humans and wildlife due to drought; ii) range expansion of dangerous animals due to higher average temperatures; iii) temporary displacement of wildlife due to extreme weather events; iv) and changes in temporal behaviour patterns of wildlife due to higher average temperatures. The identification of overarching trends across different regions and species show the need to bridge the gap between wildlife research and the study of climate-related risks. The existence of, or potential for, wildlife-induced physical harm to people should be taken into account as a component of climate change driven risk. At the same time, we stress the importance of including current and future impacts of climate change into long-term wildlife management- and conservation schemes.

Communication and academic burnout: The effects of social support and participation in decision-making

AbstractJust as burnout is manifested through changes in behavioural and communication patterns, it is important to examine whether certain aspects of communication can affect student burnout development. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between communication and academic burnout. To achieve this, the study proposes an integrated model examining the effects of three communication dimensions – support from academic staff, support from colleagues, and participation in decision-making – on four different dimensions of academic burnout, as well as students’ overall burnout. The model is tested using structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis. High coefficients of determination regarding particular burnout dimensions validate the strength of the proposed model. The results show that support from academic staff and support from fellow students significantly and negatively influence academic burnout, and might be instrumental in its reduction. Unexpectedly, participation in decision-making is shown to be positively related to academic burnout.

STUDI TATANAN TERITORIAL PADA RUANG HUNIAN SETELAH PANDEMI PADA KAWASAN KUTA, BALI

Bali is now starting to recover, post-covid-19 tourism has soared resulting in lifestyle changes returning to Bali for the Balinese people, especially in tourism areas with several health protocols that must be followed by tourists and tourism businesses. Some tourism businesses have started operating again, although not fully like before the pandemic. The government has also issued various policies to increase tourism in Bali, including by providing incentives to businesses that follow established health protocols. It can be indicated that the transfer of profession back to the tourism sector. The phenomenon of residential transformation is a process that can describe residential transformation in post-pandemic tourism areas. Transformation can be seen from various physical, territorial and cultural aspects, where the three have a very close relationship that influences one another. The territorial aspect of the residential territorial arrangement in a settlement is very dependent on the activities of its inhabitants, especially during a pandemic. The analytical method used is descriptive statistics, which means that researchers need to pay attention to the type of data first. descriptive statistics: analyzing data by describing or describing respondent data on post-pandemic conditions that are linked to patterns of behavior change that lead to the transformation of residential spaces. The results of the study show the dualism of the occupancy function between the function of residence and place of business, which in the process influences the use of space and territory. In this study, this shift in function occurred due to changes in the work sector after going through the pandemic. The return of the tourism sector has encouraged a number of people who have returned to work in the tourism sector and are still maintaining their homes to become more productive dwellings. To see changes in occupancy as the impact of shifting livelihoods.

Influence of Lifestyle and Dietary Habits on the Prevalence of Food Allergies: A Scoping Review.

Changes in behavior, lifestyle, and nutritional patterns have influenced many potential risk variables globally. In recent decades, food allergies (FAs) have been elevated to a severe public health issue both in developed countries and developing countries (third-world countries). This study aims to evaluate the effects caused by certain factors such as lifestyle and dietary habits on food allergies, review the association of lifestyle and dietary habit status with FAs, and outline why more people are allergic to food sources as a result of lifestyle changes and dietary habits. We searched electronic international databases including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science using combinations of keywords. Utilizing Excel, the relevant studies were included and the irrelevant studies were excluded, and Mendeley was used for referencing and also to remove duplicates. The framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley was used for this scoping review. The papers published in the databases from 2016 to 2020 were extracted. A total of eight studies were extracted, and this scoping review was carried out according to the risk factors. In our review, we found that some lifestyle choices (Caesarean section and antibiotics) and dietary habits (n-3 PUFA, fast food, duration of dietary intervention, and vitamin D), were important contributing factors for FA.

Features of implementation of internet marketing in the activities of agricultural enterprises

In the conditions of the digital economy, mass consumption and satisfaction of basic needs, rapid technological changes, rapid development of global markets, fundamental changes in consumer behavior patterns, and oversaturation of the market with differentiated product offers have caused a decrease in the effectiveness of traditional marketing tools. Informatization, globalization, and the emergence of new technological systems have created new opportunities for the development of enterprises. The work analyzes the essence and content of Internet marketing, which provides for the possibility of interactive communications with consumers using electronic channels, such as e-mail, the Internet, smartphones and tablets, and mobile applications. Its main differences from traditional marketing are considered. Digital marketing is a more controlled and accountable phenomenon than traditional marketing. It is focused on achieving results, while traditional marketing is focused on initiating interaction with consumers. Countries. It is emphasized that the most essential prerequisite for developing Internet marketing is the fact that it has a very high return on investment. The concept of "Marketing 4.0" is considered, which is based on an approach that most effectively combines the synergy of the traditional and digital worlds of companies and customers. The key factors that contributed to the formation and development of Internet marketing were analyzed. It is noted that companies in the agrarian sector of the economy should apply a full range of marketing measures in order to direct Internet traffic using social networks to their website. Critical statistical data on the development of social networks are analyzed. It is indicated that the most critical types of Internet marketing are electronic marketing (e-mail marketing), search engine optimization (SEO), influencer marketing, content marketing, and marketing in social networks (SMM marketing). Internet marketing has evolved from measuring the results of the consumer's response to involving him in marketing activities. Keywords: Internet marketing, digitalization of the economy, information technologies, brand, digital marketing, traditional marketing, marketing information.

How Fast-Food Create an Impact on Youth Culture: In Dhanmondi

This study aimed at food without which no human being can live. Food has been a part of our life since the beginning of civilization. However, there have been changes in the taste of food from decade to decade. One of the significant changes that have occurred in the arena of food culture is due to Globalization. Furthermore, it has brought about immense changes in the intervention of fast-food restaurants everywhere in the world. Although, there are some of the factors have shaped the global food chains that emerged as a result of borderless communication and a free market economy. As a consequence, the food chains have given rise to the localization of global food culture. On the other hand, some local chains have emerged by the influence of global food networks. With time, the emergence of these restaurants has changed the pattern of consumption of the youth and the food habit of the whole people of all ages, particularly among youths. Nowadays, the consumption of traditional foods is being replaced by the mass concentration of these restaurants. This study employs a quantitative method that takes purposive sampling to select the population. Data were collected by using the online survey method. A total of 100 samples were collected from the people who consume foods in restaurants. The study results show that the young generation tends to be more influenced by the global food culture. Factors that contribute to their changing behavior patterns of consumption are the internet, social media, T.V., and peer groups. Most youths in Dhanmondi Area mainly tend to look for their favorite meal on different social media sites. The study concludes that how fast food has influenced the youth culture regarding the traditional food consumption by the youths focusing mainly in the Dhanmondi area.

Edukasi Gizi Seimbang dan Penyakit Degeneratif bagi Lansia Desa Kenongrejo Kabupaten Madiun

This service aims to increase the knowledge of the elderly in Kenongrejo Village regarding balanced nutrition and degenerative diseases. The method of implementing this service was socialization and mentoring. The evaluation instrument for this activity was the help of an evaluation rubric which was then analyzed descriptively. The results of this service showed that the knowledge of the elderly regarding food menu arrangements for the elderly increased by 45%; participants' understanding of various degenerative diseases that occurred in the elderly increased by 30%; awareness of the importance of routine health control for the elderly increased by 42%; participants' motivation in participating in outreach/counseling increased 30%; and implementation of socialization/counseling programs increased 100%. Based on the service activities that had been carried out, socialization and mentoring activities were going well and could provide changes in behavior patterns for the elderly in Kenongrejo Village.

EFFECTIVENESS OF COMMUNITY SCHOOL NETWORKING FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM: PERSPECTIVES OF TEACHERS AND SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS

Objective: In order to provide equal educational opportunities, community school networking is an emerging trend to facilitate inclusion of children with mild-moderate Autism. This quantitative research aims to investigate the effectiveness of community networking for children with Autism from Pakistani lower socio-economic stratum of society. Study Design: Qualitative Research Design Study Settings and Participants: Six mild-moderate autistic children were enrolled in three mainstreams schools and a liaison between these schools, and a rehabilitation center located in the same area was created to facilitate inclusion. The researchers interviewed six teachers from mainstream schools, three school administrators and one administrator of rehabilitation regarding the effectiveness of community school networking for children with Autism after eight months of this collaboration. Data Collection Tool: Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews Results: All participating administrators and teachers underscored the changes in social and behavioral patterns of autistic children which included an imitation of positive behaviors from peers, acceptance, and awareness as strengths of community school networking model. However, major challenges faced were unacceptability from parents of normal children, learning differences, curriculum modifications, time constraints and dependency on the resource teacher. The administrators and teachers recommended that creating awareness programs for parents of normal children, curriculum modifications and in-house psychologists can further facilitate inclusion of children with disabilities. Conclusion: It was concluded that community school networking model can assist inclusive education and encourage engagement for all children, including those who are autistic.

The Effects of Whole Body Gamma Irradiation on Mice, Age-Related Behavioral, and Pathophysiological Changes.

We designed a study with the objective to determine the long-term radiation effects of gamma rays, originating from a single shot of Co60 at a dose of 2Gy on the 7-month-old male mice of the ICR line in 30days after the irradiation. The aim of this study was to characterize the behavior of animals using the Open Field test, immuno-hematological status, and morpho-functional changes in the central nervous system of mice. Irradiated animals displayed significantly different behavior in the OF in comparison with the control group. The radiation damage was confirmed by assessing the ratio of leukocytes in the peripheral blood of mice at a later date after exposure to Co60. After irradiation, a decrease in the glioneuronal complex was observed in the irritated group as well as histological changes of brain cells. To sum up, not only was the hematological status of mice altered upon the total gamma irradiation, but also their behavior, which was most probably due to significant alterations in the CNS. Study of influence of ionizing radiation on female mice, comparison between different age groups. Open Field test on the 30days after 2Gy of γ-rays and histological analysis indicated changes in behavioral patterns, leucocytes, and brain tissue.

Societal Consequences of Modern Hybrid Warfare in Political-Economic and Institutional Discourse

Object: to reveal the features of the societal approach to the study of the modern hybrid war consequences, a striking example of which is the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, based on the study of the reflection of changes in social reality in the unity of political-economic, sociological and institutional discourses.
 Methods: ascension from the abstract to the concrete; dialectical; logical-historical; fractal method of institutional economics; structural-functional and world-systems analysis. Findings: the current Russian-Ukrainian war has clear signs of a modern hybrid war generated by the globallocal hybrid system “peace — war” and combines a whole complex of means: military-political, economic, cybernetic, etc. On the basis of the combination of political-economic, sociological (in a broad sense) and institutional discourses, it is substantiated that the main components of the “peace — war” hybrid system from the point of view of the societal relations transformation are: armed-military, financial-economic and informational-spiritual components. It is shown that through the channels of world perception and positioning they lead to changes in behavioural patterns, through which the response of the actors is carried out, changing the already changing reality. This leads to the closure of changes in social reality through the behaviour of subjects on themselves, gives integrity and acceleration to societal processes.
 Conclusions: the feature of the societal approach is revealed only on the basis of a combination of politicaleconomic (which opens up the possibility of tracing chains of cause-and-effect relationships), sociological in a broad sense (allowing you to look at society as a whole in the unity of its components and measure them) and institutional (giving the key to understanding changes in rules and norms of social life) approaches. This feature consists, in contrast to the social approach (fixing the structural and functional structure of social reality), in the study of social transformations, which actualizes the problems of interaction and reflexivity of social structures and functions. In the conditions of martial law, the role of the trust institution as a defining and integral construct of the socio-economic system’s institutional architectonics, embodied both in trust in the state and power structures, and in trust in new institutions born of hybrid war. The societal approach opens up the possibility of a new look at the problems of the Ukrainian post-war reconstruction, taking into account both the objective logic of social transformations and the need to increase social activity in institutional transformations that involve the formation of a new development model in the European socio-economic space.

Tourism and COVID-19: Changes in Travel and Behavioral Patterns of Residents of Bosnia and Herzegovina

This paper analyses whether there have been any changes in the behavior and patterns of tourist travel after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The convenience sample included 265 respondents. The results of the study show that the most important factors in choosing to travel during the COVID-19 pandemic are: cleanliness, safety, comfort, costs, and social distance. The results of the study show a statistically significant difference in the factors that influence choosing to travel during COVID-19 with regard to employment, i.e., occupation, whereby the most factors when deciding on travel during COVID-19 are considered by pensioners and the least by students. When choosing a destination, as well as the image of the destination from the perspective of tourists, the study showed that owning a car is a statistically significant factor. The study also shows that there is a positive relationship that is statistically significant between the factors that influence choosing to travel during COVID-19 and the factors when choosing a destination from the perspective of tourists and the image of the destination, so those respondents who take into account more factors when choosing to travel during COVID-19, also take into account several factors when choosing a destination from the perspective of tourists and the image of the destination.

Examining adults’ behavioral patterns in a sequence of problem solving tasks in technology-rich environments

Computer-based assessment allows for the monitoring of test-takers’ behaviors. Previous research has made efforts to identify their behavioral patterns or investigate potentially influential factors. However, very few studies have examined the changes in behavioral patterns when completing a sequence of tasks. To fill this research gap, we aim to 1) explore different disengaged and engaged behavioral patterns in completing problem-solving tasks, 2) investigate changing behavioral patterns across different tasks, and 3) examine both task and individual characteristics relating to the changing behavioral patterns on all tasks. Data used in this study were drawn from log data of the U.S. Piaac 2012 (N = 660). We first identified two disengaged behaviors (i.e., rapid omit and rapid perfunctory action). Results of cluster analysis also show six types of engaged behaviors (i.e., proficient, exploring, hasty, reflecting, struggling, and passive). Overall, the transition of behavior patterns of adults in the first 8 tasks was relatively stable, while it was more complex in the following 6 tasks. The results of multinomial regression analysis indicate that adults' behaviors in completing problem-solving in technology-rich environments are mostly due to task-related factors, and individual-related factors including age, education attainment, and gender, as well as learning abilities and the use of ICT skills. The findings from this study provide several implications for future vocational training in the context of ICT needs.

Social Marketing: Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour to Predict Open Defecation Free Behaviour Among Households in Ghana

Background Despite global efforts to combat the menace of open defecation, the phenomenon persists, particularly in developing nations. It is estimated that about 14% of Sub-Saharan Africa’s population still practice open defecation. Focus The study sought to examine the behavioral and psychological mechanisms that influence attitudes toward open-defecation-free behavior in Ghana by applying a behavior change theory. Key Hypotheses The following hypotheses were formulated and tested by this study: households’ attitude towards open defecation-free has a significant positive relationship with the actual open defecation-free behavior, household’s subjective norms towards open defecation-free have a significant positive relationship with their actual open defecation-free behavior and households’ perceived behavioral control over open defecation free has a significant positive relationship with their actual open defecation free behavior. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 550 respondents. Data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling technique. Results All three variables of the theory of planned behavior were found to have a positive significant influence on Ghanaian households’ actual open defecation-free behaviors. Demographics such as income, educational level, and availability of latrines were found to moderate the relationships between subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and households’ actual open defecation behavior. Importance to Social Marketing Field The study extends the current literature on social marketing by demonstrating that the theory of planned behavior could be used to predict people’s attitudes toward open-defecation-free behavior. Though the theory of planned behavior has been empirically proven as a good predictor of behavior, by moderating its relationship with open defecation-free behavior with demographic variables our model fleshes out more nuances of the theory, thereby contributing to the development of a social marketing theory. Recommendations for Research or Practice This study employed a cross-sectional survey; hence it may presume static relationships among the constructs which can be cured by a future longitudinal study that could explain the pattern of behavior change. The study recommends that government facilitates the provision of latrines for households by providing financial assistance to those who cannot afford the construction of latrines. A social marketing campaign should also be adopted to encourage the use of latrines.

Effects of microplastics, pesticides and nano-materials on fish health, oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanism.

Microplastics and pesticides are emerging contaminants in the marine biota, which cause many harmful effects on aquatic organisms, especially on fish. Fish is a staple and affordable food source, rich in animal protein, along with various vitamins, essential amino acids, and minerals. Exposure of fish to microplastics, pesticides, and various nanoparticles generates ROS and induces oxidative stress, inflammation, immunotoxicity, genotoxicity, and DNA damage and alters gut microbiota, thus reducing the growth and quality of fish. Changes in fish behavioral patterns, swimming, and feeding habits were also observed under exposures to the above contaminants. These contaminants also affect the Nrf-2, JNK, ERK, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways. And Nrf2-KEAP1 signalling modulates redox status marinating enzymes in fish. Effects of pesticides, microplastics, and nanoparticles found to modulate many antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione system. So, to protect fish health from stress, the contribution of nano-technology or nano-formulations was researched. A decrease in fish nutritional quality and population significantly impacts on the human diet, influencing traditions and economics worldwide. On the other hand, traces of microplastics and pesticides in the habitat water can enter humans by consuming contaminated fish which may result in serious health hazards. This review summarizes the oxidative stress caused due to microplastics, pesticides and nano-particle contamination or exposure in fish habitat water and their impact on human health. As a rescue mechanism, the use of nano-technology in the management of fish health and disease was discussed.

Changes in synaptic markers after administration of ketamine or psychedelics: a systematic scoping review.

Ketamine and psychedelics have abuse liability. They can also induce "transformative experiences" where individuals experience enhanced states of awareness. This enhanced awareness can lead to changes in preexisting behavioral patterns which could be beneficial in the treatment of substance use disorders (SUDs). Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that ketamine and psychedelics may alter markers associated with synaptic density, and that these changes may underlie effects such as sensitization, conditioned place preference, drug self-administration, and verbal memory performance. In this scoping review, we examined studies that measured synaptic markers in animals and humans after exposure to ketamine and/or psychedelics. A systematic search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, through PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, and Web of Science, based on a published protocol (Open Science Framework, DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/43FQ9). Both in vivo and in vitro studies were included. Studies on the following synaptic markers were included: dendritic structural changes, PSD-95, synapsin-1, synaptophysin-1, synaptotagmin-1, and SV2A. Eighty-four studies were included in the final analyses. Seventy-one studies examined synaptic markers following ketamine treatment, nine examined psychedelics, and four examined both. Psychedelics included psilocybin/psilocin, lysergic acid diethylamide, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine, and ibogaine/noribogaine. Mixed findings regarding synaptic changes in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) have been reported when ketamine was administered in a single dose under basal conditions. Similar mixed findings were seen under basal conditions in studies that used repeated administration of ketamine. However, studies that examined animals during stressful conditions found that a single dose of ketamine counteracted stress-related reductions in synaptic markers in the hippocampus and PFC. Repeated administration of ketamine also counteracted stress effects in the hippocampus. Psychedelics generally increased synaptic markers, but results were more consistently positive for certain agents. Ketamine and psychedelics can increase synaptic markers under certain conditions. Heterogeneous findings may relate to methodological differences, agents administered (or different formulations of the same agent), sex, and type of markers. Future studies could address seemingly mixed results by using meta-analytical approaches or study designs that more fully consider individual differences.

THE MODEL OF PARLIAMENT IN WAR TIMES: THE FORMAT OF COLLABORATION

The article considers the possibility of transforming legislative structures into an interactive platform for joint actions with the participation of key stakeholders during martial law, using the example of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine 2022. The collaborative format is presented as an alternative approach to instrumental partnership, which allows the involvement of subjects from various levels and institutions. The author proposes the structure of the military parliament based on three indicators, namely: the general systemic context, the specifics of the management regime, and the dynamics of cooperation. The first indicator is based on the criteria for key participants, as well as the agreement on the rules of participation and accountability on the platform of joint actions. At the same time, the scope of collaborative subjects' powers may vary depending on the competencies of the involved stakeholders. The second indicator plays the role of procedural legitimacy marker, affecting the degree of policy coherence and decision-making, while the third factor means the willingness of participants to support joint political decisions regardless of the level of their agreement with the players' personal political preferences. In the text of the article, the researcher divides the general structure of integrated governance into separate management blocks, based on the peculiarities of the Ukrainian parliament and the functionality approved by the VRU Regulations. In parallel with some unit reduction, it is proposed to implement two additional units: rapid response and civil control as appropriate during martial law. In addition to the structure, the author prescribes some changes in parliamentary procedures and behavioral patterns among deputies. Despite the potential advantages, the researcher notes that the collaborative format of cooperation has several disadvantages, namely: the impact of joint results on the procedural legitimacy of decisions, as well as the principle of determining the personal contribution of each of the involved stakeholders, remains uncertain. It would be worthwhile to take into account the existing network connections between the political actors of the Ukrainian parliament to calculate the potential risks of the transition to an interactive space of action.

The etiology of major, acquired female urogenital and rectovaginal lesions in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Introduction: New and emerging trends in the causation of urogenital and rectovaginal lesions, and changing patterns of behavior of female patients with the diseases were observed. The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors and etiology of these diseases. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study of records of consecutive female patients operated on at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Nigeria, with major urogenital and rectovaginal lesions from 01/01/2018 to 31/12/2022. Each patient’s records, sociodemographic data, clinical assessment, laboratory investigations, diagnosis, and intraoperative findings were studied and recorded. Data obtained were analyzed with simple statistics, and presented in charts prose, and tables. Results: Twelve major cases were found and studied. Their age statistics (in years) were as follows: mean age, 38.6±11.5; median, 34; and age range of 25 to 68. Ten of them were within the childbearing age (15-45 years). One patient had a uterocutaneous fistula with subcutaneous endometriosis. Another had anorectal carcinoma with rectovesical and rectouterine fistulas. One had uterovesical fistulas with menouria (Youssef’s syndrome), and the fourth had uterovesical fistula with a perineal tear. Four patients had uterovaginal prolapse, and 4 had vesicovaginal fistulas. Obstetric and gynecological trauma and sexual battery accounted for nine of 12 cases. The patients had high-risk pregnancies but had antenatal care and labor managed by either traditional birth attendants or primary healthcare staff at peripheral institutions. Conclusion: Most of the risk and etiological factors of the lesions were found modifiable. Appropriate measures have been suggested for the management and prevention of the lesions.

Retailing during the COVID-19 lifecycle: a bibliometric study

PurposeCOVID-19 disrupted the lives of consumers across the globe, and the retail sector has been one of the hardest hits. The impact of COVID-19 on consumers' retail choice behaviour and retailers' responses has been studied in detail through multiple lenses. Now that the effect of COVID-19 is abating, there is a need to consolidate the learnings during the lifecycle of COVID-19 and set the agenda for research post-COVID-19.Design/methodology/approachScopus database was searched to cull out academic papers published between March 2020 and June 6, 2022, using keywords; shopping behaviour, retailing, consumer behaviour, and retail channel choice along with COVID-19 (171 journals, 357 articles). Bibliometric analysis followed by selective content analysis was conducted.FindingsCOVID-19 was a black swan event that impacted consumers' psychology, leading to reversible and irreversible changes in retail consumer behaviour worldwide. Research on changes in consumer behaviour and consumption patterns has been mapped to the different stages of the COVID-19 lifecycle. Relevant research questions and potential theoretical lenses have been proposed for further studies.Originality/valueThis paper collates, classifies and organizes the extant research in retail from the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. It identifies three retail consumption themes: short-term, long-term reversible and long-term irreversible changes. Research agenda related to the retailer and consumer behaviour is identified; for each of the three categories, facilitating the extraction of pertinent research questions for post-COVID-19 studies.

Contextual Market Basket Analysis during Covid-19


 
 
 
 One form of Data Mining application to analyze Market Basket Analysis. Market Basket Analysis helps identify buying patterns formed from concurrent transactions. One of the problems with Market Basket Analysis is that customer needs vary according to season and time of day, especially during this covid-19 season. For this purpose, by using the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Approach that is connected to Market Basket Analysis, it can analyze and compare purchasing patterns and can identify rules that were formed before and after covid-19; several rule changes were found due to changes in people's behavior patterns.
 
 
 

Rapid improvements in physical (in)activity patterns in patients with myocardial infarction immediately following hospital discharge

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Dutch Heart Foundation. Background Physical activity counselling plays a pivotal role in recovery after myocardial infarction (MI), but little is known about changes in physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) patterns in the acute phase post MI. Purpose This study aimed to objectively assess PA and SB during hospitalisation and during the first week post-discharge and to identify whether potential changes in PA patterns differed based on sex, age, need for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), presence of ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI), and level of cardiac anxiety. Methods Consecutively admitted patients hospitalised with an MI were approached to participate in this prospective cohort study. SB, light-intensity PA (LIPA) and moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) were objectively assessed for 24 h/day during hospitalisation and up to 7 days post-discharge in 165 patients. Changes in PA and SB upon the transition from the hospital to home were evaluated using mixed model analyses and outcomes were stratified for predefined subgroups based on patient characteristics. Results Patients (78% male) were 65±10 years and diagnosed with STEMI (50%) or NSTEMI (50%). Sedentary time was high during hospitalisation (12.6 [11.8-13.7] h/day), but substantially decreased following transition to the home environment (−1.8 (−2.4 to −1.3) h/day) (Central Figure). The number of prolonged sedentary bouts (≥60 min) decreased between hospital and home (−1.6 (95%CI −2.0; −1.2) bouts/day). LIPA (1.1 [0.8-1.6] h/day) and MVPA (0.2 [0.1-0.3] h/day) were low during hospitalisation, but significantly increased following transition to the home environment (LIPA: +1.8 (1.4 to 2.3) h/day; MVPA: +0.4 (0.3 to 0.5) h/day, both p<0.001). Improvements in PA and SB were similar across groups, except for CABG patients who did not alter their PA patterns post-discharge. Conclusions Patients with MI demonstrate high levels of sedentary behaviour and low physical activity volumes during hospitalisation, which immediately improved following discharge at the patient’s home environment.