Changes In Transport System Research Articles

Interdependencies of Urban Behavioral Dynamics Whilst COVID-19 Spread

The outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused many consequences in almost all aspects of our lives. The pandemic dramatically changes people’s behavior in urban areas and transportation systems. Many studies have attempted to analyze spatial behavior and to present analysis data visually in the process of spreading COVID-19 and provided limited temporal and geographical perspectives. In this article, the behavioral changes in urban areas and transportation systems were analyzed throughout the U.S.A. while the COVID-19 spread over 2020. Specifically, assuming the characteristics are not repetitive over time, temporal phases were proposed where spikes or surges of confirmed cases are noticed. The interdependencies between population, mobility, and additional behavioral data were explored at the county level by adopting the machine learning approaches. As a result, interdependencies with the COVID-19 cases were identified differently by phase. It appeared to have a solid relationship with population size at all phases. Furthermore, it revealed racial characteristics, residential types, and vehicle mile traveled ratio in the urban and rural areas had a relationship with confirmed cases with different importance by phase. Although other short-term analyses were also conducted in terms of the COVID-19, this article is considered more legitimate as it provides dynamic relationships of urban elements by Phase at the county level. Moreover, it is expected to be encouraging and beneficial in terms of phase-driven transportation policy preparedness against a possible forthcoming pandemic crisis.

A Qualitative Assessment of the Multimodal Passenger Transportation System Response to COVID-19 in New York City.

This paper presents a qualitative analysis of transportation system changes that occurred in New York City (NYC) from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic until the city began its first phase of reopening in June 2020. The study was conducted by tracking publicly available transportation-related news articles and publications, 1) to capture key issues and challenges and 2) to identify changes in policies, services, and infrastructure that occurred in response across five passenger transportation modes: public transit; taxis; ridesharing; personal driving; and cycling and micromobility. Results were assessed to identify common issues and interactions between modes. The paper concludes with key lessons learned from this event, and recommendations for future policy.

Change in Cationic Amino Acid Transport System and Effect of Lysine Pretreatment on Inflammatory State in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Cell Model.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a lethal neurological disorder characterized by the deterioration of motor neurons. The aim of this study was to investigate alteration of cationic amino acid transporter (CAT-1) activity in the transport of lysine and the pretreatment effect of lysine on pro-inflammatory states in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cell line. The mRNA expression of cationic amino acid transporter 1 was lower in NSC-34/hSOD1G93A (MT) than the control cell line (WT), lysine transport is mediated by CAT-1 in NSC-34 cell lines. The uptake of [3H]L-lysine was Na+-independent, voltage-sensitive, and strongly inhibited by inhibitors and substrates of cationic amino acid transporter 1 (system y+). The transport process involved two saturable processes in both cell lines. In the MT cell line, at a high-affinity site, the affinity was 9.4-fold higher and capacity 24-fold lower than that in the WT; at a low-affinity site, the capacity was 2.3-fold lower than that in the WT cell line. Donepezil and verapamil competitively inhibited [3H]L-lysine uptake in the NSC-34 cell lines. Pretreatment with pro-inflammatory cytokines decreased the uptake of [3H]L-lysine and mRNA expression levels in both cell lines; however, the addition of L-lysine restored the transport activity in the MT cell lines. L-Lysine exhibited neuroprotective effects against pro-inflammatory states in the ALS disease model cell lines. In conclusion, studying the alteration in the expression of transporters and characteristics of lysine transport in ALS can lead to the development of new therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.

The impact of rivalry and excludability on Personal Social Responsibility regarding transport behaviour - a pilot study

Aim: While transport systems play a crucial role in socio-economic development, its expansion has serious environmental impacts. Reducing rivalry in use by supporting public transport, cycling and walking, as well as exclusion of car users are popular instruments to support sustainable transport. While such policy (external stimuli) may lead to positive impact in the short run, a change in attitude of transport users may be necessary in order to long-term sustainable transport. This attitude change is related to Personal Social Responsibility (PSR), relying on the education of a conscious and responsible society and influencing individual transport choices of individuals. The purpose of the paper is to examine the impact of modifications of the levels of rivalry and excludability in the access to transport systems on the development of Personal Social Responsibility in terms of sustainable transport behaviour. Design/ Research methods: Based on literature review, a survey was developed to provide an answer to the main research question: To what extent do changes in the urban transport system supporting sustainable transport have an impact on transport behaviour? The following elements of Personal Social Responsibility are considered: aware and voluntary transport choices, state-of-well-being resulting from choices, environmental and social impact, and being a good example to others Conclusions/findings: The respondents observed numerous changes in the elements of the Wroclaw transport system they use (Wroclaw is a large city in the South-West of Poland), mainly related to the development of road infrastructure. The level of competition between individual transport users remained largely unchanged or slightly decreased, to the benefit of pedestrians, cyclists and public transport users. Only 26.21% of the respondents declared a change of the most frequently used means of transport, with half of them choosing to drive by car, and half - by public transport. These changes were not related to concerns about ecology, the local community or awareness of doing good for people and the environment. Therefore, it can be concluded that they resulted from external stimuli affecting private benefits not related to the development of the PSR. Originality/value: While international research in the field of the field of sustainable mobility focuses mostly on factors impacting sustainable transport choices and the effectivity of different instruments of sustainable transport policies affecting the factors considered most important in transport choices, this study shows that even when changes in the intensity of rivalry and excludability in transport systems for different users lead to required changes in transport behavior, this does not necessarily result in the development of PSR elements that would overall support the social transformation towards sustainable transport development. JEL: Q01, R41, R48

Quo vadis, international long-distance railway services? Evidence from Central Europe

International railway passenger services have seen considerable changes in Europe over the past few decades. Using international railway connections within and reaching outside the V4 countries (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia) in 1990–2019 as a sample, our paper explores trends and patterns in that matter in Central Europe. We have found that the characteristic focus on relatively very frequent short or medium-distance connections using the best equipped railway corridors – paralleled by a considerable reduction of the remaining services – has also been clearly in evidence in this part of the world. However, trends and patterns in Central Europe are not necessarily a mirror image of what has occurred in Western Europe. For instance, although a considerable shortening of travel times has indeed been observed, it has been achieved – characteristically – thanks to the improved permeability of state borders after the enlargement of the EU in 2004, with only moderate improvements to infrastructure being made. Central Europe therefore seems to be the prime example of an area in which contextual, political and geopolitical factors are the keys to understanding the dynamics of changes in transport systems. On the other hand, evidence from this region may give rise to some reflections on the possible roles for the European long-distance rail transport in the future. To begin with, our results show 800 km to be the threshold beyond which the competitive position of rail becomes significantly lower. Secondly, competitive pressure from innovative newcomers (Regiojet, LeoExpress, Arriva) clearly makes national incumbents more flexible and pro-active. Thirdly, the noticeable spatial re-orientation of international railway connections from the V4 countries towards Vienna and Munich (at the expense of Berlin) that we have observed is partly related to the appeal of these cities as multimodal gates with excellent locations within European transport networks. It would therefore seem that the railways in this part of Europe have been attempting to become an integral part of the international multi-modal long-distance transport system.

ПРИНЦИПИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПАРАМЕТРІВ І РЕЗУЛЬТАТІВ РОЗВИТКУ ТОРГОВОГО ФЛОТУ

The importance of the maritime transport industry for the national economy is evidenced by the main indicators of the traditional marine powers – the UK. Shipping introduces more than $ 14 billion in GDP with around 240 thousand people being employed in the Motherhod's Complex of the country. At the same time, the ship-owners of the United Kingdom only own 3 percent of the World Trade Fleet.Even when having complicated economic conditions, the individual countries based on the prioritized importance of maritime transport choose and implement active state of maritime policies on the criteria of freight independence and positive impact on the balance of payments. Among the conditions for the sustainable positioning and development of industrial potential, the subsystems of the maritime transport industry should be allocated not only by the nature of competition in the international division of labor, but the strengthening of the principles of international regulation of trade shipping on system safety and environmental activity criteria.Strengthening the role of maritime transport in providing sustainable economic relations in the international trade system determines the requirements for the management of the normalized state of the production potential of the fleet and the port system relative to the dynamism of freight traffic. In this regard, attention should be paid to the management of investment activities on the adequacy criteria by expected innovative changes in the maritime transport system, taking into account a number of contradictory external influences. The most important characteristic of the global maritime market should consider the nature of the compliance of the agility of the fleet parameters of cargo flows. However, due to the multidimensity of the formation of freight traffic, the management of the adequate state of the merchant fleet is complicated. At the same time, innovative technologies in retail ports are being implemented in real maritime states. Therefore, it is important to optimize the process of normalizing the state of the shipping market. But the main thing should be considered to achieve the adequacy of the state of national transport enterprises on the criteria of the balance. However, the problem remains a balance of the formation of the agricultural ability of the fleet according to the structural components of the maritime market.

Adversarial Online Learning With Variable Plays in the Pursuit-Evasion Game: Theoretical Foundations and Application in Connected and Automated Vehicle Cybersecurity

We extend the adversarial/non-stochastic multi-play multi-armed bandit (MPMAB) to the case where the number of arms to play is variable. The work is motivated by the fact that the resources allocated to scan different critical locations in an interconnected transportation system change dynamically over time and depending on the environment. By modeling the malicious hacker and the intrusion monitoring system as the attacker and the defender, respectively, we formulate the problem for the two players as a sequential pursuit-evasion game. We derive the condition under which a Nash equilibrium of the strategic game exists. For the defender side, we provide an exponential-weighted based algorithm with sublinear pseudo-regret. We further extend our model to heterogeneous rewards for both players, and obtain lower and upper bounds on the average reward for the attacker. We provide numerical experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of a variable-arm play.

Influence of polyether sulfone microplastics and bisphenol A on anaerobic granular sludge: Performance evaluation and microbial community characterization

The retention of polyether sulfone (PES) and bisphenol A (BPA) in wastewater has received extensive attention. The effects of PES and BPA on the removal of organic matter by anaerobic granular sludge were investigated. We also analyzed the changes in the electron transport system and the effects on the composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), as well as alternations of the microbial community in the anaerobic granular sludge. In the experimental groups which received BPA, the removal of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) were significantly suppressed, which an average removal efficiency of less than 65%, 30% lower than that of the control group. In the loosely-bound EPS (LB-EPS) excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectra, the absorption peak of tryptophan disappeared when the BPA pollutants was added, which it was present in the control group without added pollutants. The addition of PES and BPA also affected protease, acetate kinase, and coenzyme F420 activities in the anaerobic granular sludge. Especially, the coenzyme F420 reduced from 0.0045 to 0.0017 μmol/L in the presence of PES and BPA. The relative abundance of Spirochaetes decreased in the presence of PES and BPA, while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes increased from 12.98% to 22.87%. At the genus level, in the presence of PES and BPA, the relative abundance of Acinetobacter increased from 2.20% to 9.64% and Hydrogenophaga decreased sharply from 15.58% to 0.12%.

Simulation to Predict the Impact of Public Transport Changes on Air Pollutants Emissions

Predicting the effects of the introduction of alternative transportation means on air quality is an important task for urban mobility planners. This study proposes a methodology that uses simulation to estimate the impact of changes in public transport on the traffic emissions of PM2.5. By using mobility planning information simulation models can be built, which can provide estimation of the dynamics of traffic over time. Then, coupling simulated traffic with emission factors of vehicles, an emission model can be used to estimate the total amount of PM2.5 emitted. With this approach, the effect of changes in the public transportation system can be assessed with respect to PM2.5 emissions. In the paper, we explore a case study in the city of Bogota, Colombia, when a bus rapid transport system is to be added alongside a major city avenue.

GLOBAL SHIFT: MAPPING DIFFERENT APPROACHES

This paper aims to set out a number of future transport visions (in which the long version of the scenario narratives is characteristically formed before the generic images) for the year 2035 which bring about a step change in the level of sustainable transport systems through hypothetical developing urban areas. The Avoid-Shift-Improve (A-S-I) approaches have been generated by a process of the worldwide transport planning review, previous sustainable design works, and extensive discussions with the transport planners, experts, policymakers through a worldwide comprehensive survey before computer-based software was used to create images of a range of developing urban street scenes (or archetypes) in 2020. Then, several international policymakers were provided with samples of generic illustrations in the context of A-S-I approaches. This paper provides a practical recommendation of policy actions and strategies that can be presented in many influential developing countries in the Latin America, Africa, Middle East, Asia and the Pacific region, which would lead to the development of future global sustainable transport systems. It finally points out that such visions need a considerable degree of consensus and radical approaches to tackling them.

Meningeal Lymphangiogenesis and Enhanced Glymphatic Activity in Mice with Chronically Implanted EEG Electrodes.

Chronic electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used tool for monitoring cortical electrical activity in experimental animals. Although chronic implants allow for high-quality, long-term recordings in preclinical studies, the electrodes are foreign objects and might therefore be expected to induce a local inflammatory response. We here analyzed the effects of chronic cranial electrode implantation on glymphatic fluid transport and in provoking structural changes in the meninges and cerebral cortex of male and female mice. Immunohistochemical analysis of brain tissue and dura revealed reactive gliosis in the cortex underlying the electrodes and extensive meningeal lymphangiogenesis in the surrounding dura. Meningeal lymphangiogenesis was also evident in mice prepared with the commonly used chronic cranial window. Glymphatic influx of a CSF tracer was significantly enhanced at 30 d postsurgery in both awake and ketamine-xylazine anesthetized mice with electrodes, supporting the concept that glymphatic influx and intracranial lymphatic drainage are interconnected. Altogether, the experimental results provide clear evidence that chronic implantation of EEG electrodes is associated with significant changes in the brain's fluid transport system. Future studies involving EEG recordings and chronic cranial windows must consider the physiological consequences of cranial implants, which include glial scarring, meningeal lymphangiogenesis, and increased glymphatic activity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study shows that implantation of extradural electrodes provokes meningeal lymphangiogenesis, enhanced glymphatic influx of CSF, and reactive gliosis. The analysis based on CSF tracer injection in combination with immunohistochemistry showed that chronically implanted electroencephalography electrodes were surrounded by lymphatic sprouts originating from lymphatic vasculature along the dural sinuses and the middle meningeal artery. Likewise, chronic cranial windows provoked lymphatic sprouting. Tracer influx assessed in coronal slices was increased in agreement with previous reports identifying a close association between glymphatic activity and the meningeal lymphatic vasculature. Lymphangiogenesis in the meninges and altered glymphatic fluid transport after electrode implantation have not previously been described and adds new insights to the foreign body response of the CNS.

DYNAMICS AND DIFFERENCES OF BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF ATHLETES IN VARIOUS PHASES OF MIDDLE MOUNTAIN TRAINING COMPARED TO SEA LEVEL TRAINING

Aim. The purpose of the article is to study the dynamics of responses and the current state of the body of highly skilled athletes by indicators of the biochemical profile during adaptation to natural hypobaric hypoxia. Materials and methods. The dynamics of 16 biochemical indicators was compared at similar stages of the annual training conducted in middle mountain areas (~ 1550 m) and at sea level. Fifteen female biathlon athletes of the Russian national team participated in the study. The following methods were used: analysis of morning hematological and biochemical indicators of blood during 3 mid-mountain and 4 lowland sports training events. Training loads were recorded. Results. With a comparable level and type of loads, middle mountain training leads to significant (P <0.05) positive shifts in hematological indicators (hemoglobin, hematocrit), starting from the 2nd and 3rd phases of adaptation. In the same period, the level of cortisol and urea rises. Aminotransferases (ALT, AST), on the contrary, are more reactive in the phase of acute acclimatization (P <0.05). There were no signs of a more significant deterioration in the anabolic support of the training process in terms of testosterone. In middle mountain areas, on average, there is a decreased level of phosphorus and iron and an increased level of calcium, as well as a reduced level of muscle tissue damage compared to training at sea level. Conclusion. The dynamics of biochemical indicators in the middle mountain areas and at sea level is similar, this may be a consequence of responses to the load. At the same time, training in the middle mountain areas has a high physiological cost with positive changes in oxygen transport systems. The obtained dynamics and differences in the studied indicators in the phases of middle mountain training can be used to improve the training loads of athletes in cyclic sports.

Maternal malnutrition impacts placental morphology and transporter expression: an origin for poor offspring growth

The placenta promotes fetal growth through nutrient transfer and selective barrier systems. An optimally developed placenta can adapt to changes in the pregnancy environment, buffering the fetus from adverse exposures. We hypothesized that the placenta adapts differently to suboptimal maternal diets, evidenced by changes in placental morphology, developmental markers and key transport systems. Mice were fed a control diet (CON) during pregnancy, undernourished (UN) by 30% of control intake from gestational day (GD) 5.5–18.5 or fed 60% high-fat diet (HF) 8 weeks before and during pregnancy. At GD18.5, placental morphometry, development and transport were assessed. Junctional and labyrinthine areas of UN and HF placentae were smaller than CON by >10%. Fetal blood space area and fetal blood space:fetal weight ratios were reduced in HF vs. CON and UN. Trophoblast giant cell marker Ctsq mRNA expression was lower in UN vs. HF, and expression of glycogen cell markers Cx31.1 and Pcdh12 was lower in HF vs. UN. Efflux transporter Abcb1a mRNA expression was lower in HF vs. UN, and Abcg2 expression was lower in UN vs. HF. mRNA expression of fatty acid binding protein Fabppm was higher in UN vs. CON and HF. mRNA and protein levels of the lipid transporter FAT/CD36 were lower in UN, and FATP4 protein levels were lower in HF vs. UN. UN placentae appear less mature with aberrant transport, whereas HF placentae adapt to excessive nutrient supply. Understanding placental adaptations to common nutritional adversities may reveal mechanisms underlying the developmental origins of later disease.

The History of the Transport System Development and Future with Sharing and Autonomous Systems

The world today is rapidly changing with the spread of automation. Moreover, urban life is more and more common and the number of inhabitants is rapidly growing. This time is the renaissance of bicycle-based vehicles, especially of electric power assisted bicycles. Vehicle sharing is also getting more popular. These progresses will have a crucial effect on traditional transportation networks. Moreover, the traffic volume, parking facilities and public space usage can be drastically modified. A research data is introduced from Paris and Lisbon, which helps to forecast the effect of the autonomous and sharing systems. This evolution can be advantageous, but it can also bring some disadvantages. In this article, these changes are summarized in the mirror of history, especially the Futurama concept and the transport system changes in Los Angeles. This overview will be a good basis for further research and for the development of a routing algorithm.

Mode choice in home-to-work travel in mid-size towns: The competitiveness of public transport when bicycling and walking are viable options

It is widely recognized that the transport system contributes significantly to current environmental problems such as global warming, as well as to health issues caused by emissions and lack of exercise. For the transport system to contribute to sustainable development, the link between economic growth and growth in motorized transport must be broken. Since high population densities and shorter distances provide greater potential for efficient public transport as well as for walking and biking, the highest potential for change is in urban areas. As a large proportion of urban travel consists of home-to-work travel, such travel will be our focus in this paper. More specifically, this paper aims to analyze the factors that determine mode choice in situations where bicycle and walking are competitive options and to contribute to the knowledge of the conditions under which public transport can be a competitive alternative to the private car. The results of this study could be used to devise policies for reducing car dependency in urban areas. The results show that even if it is possible to attract new passengers to public transport through changes in the public transport system (i.e., reduced fares or reduced travel time) few of these new passengers will be shifting from private car use. To achieve a shift from private car to walking, bicycling or bus riding, such policies must be combined with restrictions (and/or cost increases) on car use.

Transportome Malfunctions and the Hallmarks of Pancreatic Cancer.

Ion channels and transporters (ICT) play important roles in almost all basic cellular processes. During last decades, abundant evidences have been provided that ICT (e.g., Ca2+ and K+ channels) are notable for regulating physiological pancreatic duct cellular function and deregulation of ICT is closely associated with the widely accepted hallmarks of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) such as proliferation, apoptosis resistance, invasion, and metastasis. Hence this review focuses on the role of ICT malfunctions in context with the hallmarks of PDAC. After briefly introducing epidemiology and history of molecular oncology of PDAC and summarizing the recent studies on molecular classification systems, we focus then on the exocrine pancreas as a very active secretory gland which considerably impacts the changes in the ion transport system (the transportome) upon malignant transformation. We highlight multiplicity of ICT members (H+ transporters, Ca2+, K+, Na+ and Cl- channels) and their functional impact in PDAC. We also present some selective therapeutic options to interfere with transportome functions and thereby with key mechanisms of malignant progression. This will hopefully contribute to a better clinical outcome based on improved therapeutic strategies for this still extremely deadly disease.

Intelligent design and implementation of blockchain and Internet of things–based traffic system

With the continuous development of Internet of things, all kinds of smart systems are quickly evolving to make our day-to-day life smoother and safer. Like many other sectors, transportation has entered a period of rapid change. Intelligent Traffic System is one of the fastest-growing fields within the smart systems, which is expected to increase road safety, mitigate traffic congestion, and enable fuel efficiency. The main functionalities of Intelligent Traffic System are as follows: (1) monitoring real-time traffic conditions in specific areas, (2) locating traffic emergencies (i.e. traffic accidents) in specific areas, and (3) dynamic monitoring and managing the continuous use in public transit services (i.e. change in car lanes) that may lead to changes in macro traffic conditions. This article will use the above-mentioned functionalities of the Intelligent Traffic System as underlying simulative scenarios, to design and to implement a smart transportation system based on Internet of things and blockchain—both share inherent distributed technology characteristics—combining both Internet of things sensor nodes and distributed ledger technology, to (1) record the changes in intelligent transportation systems and (2) set up a credit-token mechanism for paying the use and misuses in public transit services accordingly. The Intelligent Traffic System described in this article is intended to be used as experimental project only, given the terms and conditions as depicted in the simulated scenario. In real-life traffic scenarios, it may generate more complex system and data security issues, which will be elaborated and analyzed at the end of this article. Intelligent Traffic System is a comprehensive smart system; it can significantly change and reinvent the wheel for traffic conditions. Based on the system development as discussed in this article, there are still a lot of demands and challenges that need to be addressed in the future. Such topic scope will be explored in depth in our subsequent research.

Expediency of modification of city transport system by implementation of passenger water transport

The object of research is the integration of local passenger water transport in the transport system of the city. Among a number of problematic issues, one can single out the unpreparedness of the urban transport infrastructure for the implementation of water transport for the transport of passengers, although this type of transport is an important component of intercity and suburban passenger transport in world megacities located on water arteries.Water transport is characterized and passenger water transport in Ukraine is analyzed. The definition of «transport system» as a whole and separately in part of urban passenger traffic is investigated. The components of the transport system of the city are determined.The structure of the city transport system in Kyiv (Ukraine) is investigated and supplemented with its new subsystem in the element «city passenger transport» – local passenger water transport. Such a structural change makes it possible to qualitatively improve the existing transport supply of cities with water areas, and to offer local residents an alternative mode of transport. Implementation of a new type of urban passenger transport in the transport system of the city requires its detailed study. Therefore, this type of transport is structured, its classification is provided, the concept of «local passenger water transport» and its types are formulated: Water Bus and Water Taxi, which allows to offer them for further use in the scientific environment, in relation to local passenger water transport.As part of the research, it is proposed to identify elements of local passenger water transport, namely: passengers, transport, local passenger transport enterprises, regulatory entities, and local authorities. Each of the elements is proposed to be structured by type.Thanks to this, a modified scheme of the system of urban passenger transport is developed, which provides the basis for the harmonious implementation of this type of transport. The implementation of the proposed changes is justified by the socio-economic significance of this type of transport and the necessary qualitative structural changes in the urban transport system.

Analysis of changes of the urban transport system on the example of Olsztyn

The aim of the article is to present the assessment of the accessibility of Olsztyn as a factor determining the tourist attractiveness of the area. For this purpose, GIS tools were used. The condition of public transport before and after the construction of tram lines was compared. The Network Analyst extension was used for analysis, thanks to which we can designate a supported area

A Silent Revolution in Rural Transportation System: A Study on Measuring the Popularity and Sustainability of ‘Easy Bike’ in Bangladesh

The Easy Bike has brought revolutionary changes in the rural transportation system in Bangladesh. This paper aims to evaluate the supply chain of the battery based electric charged vehicle popularly known as Easy Bike and identify the role of Easy Bike for the development of the country’s rural transportation system. The method of data collection was both interview and questionnaire in the form of closed and open-ended questions. The researchers have selected three different stakeholders associated with the industry such as passengers, drivers and importers or Assemblers of the easy bike and developed three separate questionnaires for identifying the problems, opportunities, and the actual condition of this newly developed industry. The role played by the related authority has been identified and analyzed through extensive literature review and interview with the selected stakeholders. The collected data has been analyzed through different statistical tools. Research findings show that the vehicle has become the most reliable and one of the fastest mediums of the transportation system for the rural people as well as urban people. The reasons behind the popularity of the vehicle are reduced fare, safe to travel, environment-friendly, faster than the previous transport mode and easy to operate the vehicle. The availability of the auto rickshaw in the current time has reduced the mortality rate in case of different emergency need for Medicare services. This vehicle is also making the contribution to girls’ secondary higher education by easing their movement to the remote area where most of the colleges are situated. There are problems like higher electricity cost, poor road structure, illegal extortion, lack of driving training facility etc. faced by the industry. The removal of these problems will accelerate the growth of the industry and will ensure long-term benefits for the industry.