Semantic Change Research Articles

Quantifier processing and semantic flexibility in patients with aphasia.

Processing of quantifiers such as "many" and "few" relies on number knowledge, linguistic abilities, and working memory. Negative quantifiers (e.g., "few," "less than half") induce higher processing costs than their positive counterparts. Furthermore, the meaning of some quantifiers is flexible and thus adaptable. Importantly, in neurotypical individuals, changing the meaning of one quantifier also leads to a generalized change in meaning for its polar opposite (e.g., the change of the meaning of "many" leads to the change of that of "few"). Here, we extended this research to patients with fluent and non-fluent aphasia after stroke. In two experiments, participants heard sentences of the type "Many/few of the circles are yellow/blue," each followed by a picture with different quantities of blue and yellow circles. The participants judged whether the sentence adequately described the picture. Each experiment consisted of three blocks: a baseline block to assess the participants' criteria for both quantifiers, a training block to shift the criteria for "many," and a test block, identical to the baseline to capture any changes in quantifier semantics. In Experiment 1, the change of the meaning of "many" was induced by using adaptation to small numbers (20-50%) of circles of the named color. In Experiment 2, explicit feedback was given in the training block after each response to rate proportions of 40% (or higher) as "many," whereas 40% is normally rather rated as "few." The objective was to determine whether people with fluent or non-fluent aphasia were able to process quantifiers appropriately and whether generalized semantic flexibility was present after brain damage. Sixteen out of 21 patients were able to perform the task. People with fluent aphasia showed the expected polarity effect in the reaction times and shifted their criteria for "many" with generalization to the untrained quantifier "few." This effect, however, was only obtained after explicit feedback (Experiment 2) but not by mere adaptation (Experiment 1). In contrast, people with non-fluent aphasia did not change the quantifier semantics in either experiment. This study contributes to gaining new insights into quantifier processing and semantic flexibility in people with aphasia and general underlying processing mechanisms.

SFGT-CD: Semantic Feature-Guided Building Change Detection From Bitemporal Remote-Sensing Images With Transformers

SFGT-CD: Semantic Feature-Guided Building Change Detection From Bitemporal Remote-Sensing Images With Transformers

CONTINUITÀ LESSICALI, CONTINUITÀ E DI¬SCON¬TI¬NUITÀ SEMANTICHE E SIM¬BO¬LI¬CHE NELLE HISTORIAE ABBREVIATAE DI AURELIO VITTORE

Lexical continuities, semantic and symbolic continui ties and discontinuities in the Historiae abbreuiatae of Aurelius Victor. The vocabulary of the writings of late Antiquity is a significant indicator of the semantic and symbolic adaptations and changes absorbed by certain lexemes in har mony with the changes that occurred in the sphere of the historical reality of referen ce. At the same time, it allows us to evaluate the way in which the authors perceived them and adapted them to their own political visions and moral conceptions or religious options. There are important contributions in this sense. Following this di rection of philological and historical analysis, we propose an original approach be low, that is, to examine a series of terms taken from the work Historiae abbreuiatae, or Caesares, by Aurelius Victor which, on the one hand, reveals both the persistence of some elements of classical political thought, and the emergence of a specific political culture of late Antiquity, expressed through a renewed semantics of traditional words, while, on the other hand, it reveals some elements of the historical conception and ideological orientation of the author. In this text we will analyze concepts from the sphere of Roman citizenship (civis, urbs, Vrbs Roma), the denomination of the state (res publica, res Romana, status Romanus, imperium, imperium Romanum), social orders (populus, Quirites, plebs, uulgus) and the ideological and spiritual foun dations of power (auctoritas, libertas).

A Memory Guided Network and A Novel Dataset for Cropland Semantic Change Detection

A Memory Guided Network and A Novel Dataset for Cropland Semantic Change Detection

Adaptive Self-Paced Collaborative and 3-D Adversarial Multitask Network for Semantic Change Detection Using Zhuhai-1 Orbita Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Imagery

Adaptive Self-Paced Collaborative and 3-D Adversarial Multitask Network for Semantic Change Detection Using Zhuhai-1 Orbita Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Imagery

Remote Sensing Image Semantic Change Detection Boosted by Semi-supervised Contrastive Learning of Semantic Segmentation

Remote Sensing Image Semantic Change Detection Boosted by Semi-supervised Contrastive Learning of Semantic Segmentation

Semantic Change Detection Based on Supervised Contrastive Learning for High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery

Semantic Change Detection Based on Supervised Contrastive Learning for High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery

Enhanced Multitask Semantic Change Detection via Semi-Supervised Learning in LULC Segmentation Subtask

Enhanced Multitask Semantic Change Detection via Semi-Supervised Learning in LULC Segmentation Subtask

Statistic Ratio Attention-Guided Siamese U-Net for SAR Image Semantic Change Detection

Statistic Ratio Attention-Guided Siamese U-Net for SAR Image Semantic Change Detection

Multi-Task Siamese Network Guided by Enhanced Change Information for Semantic Change Detection in Bi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images

Multi-Task Siamese Network Guided by Enhanced Change Information for Semantic Change Detection in Bi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images

Cross-Difference Semantic Consistency Network for Semantic Change Detection

Cross-Difference Semantic Consistency Network for Semantic Change Detection

Changen2: Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Generative Change Foundation Model.

Our understanding of the temporal dynamics of the Earth's surface has been significantly advanced by deep vision models, which often require a massive amount of labeled multi-temporal images for training. However, collecting, preprocessing, and annotating multi-temporal remote sensing images at scale is non-trivial since it is expensive and knowledge-intensive. In this paper, we present scalable multi-temporal change data generators based on generative models, which are cheap and automatic, alleviating these data problems. Our main idea is to simulate a stochastic change process over time. We describe the stochastic change process as a probabilistic graphical model, namely the generative probabilistic change model (GPCM), which factorizes the complex simulation problem into two more tractable sub-problems, i.e., condition-level change event simulation and image-level semantic change synthesis. To solve these two problems, we present Changen2, a GPCM implemented with a resolution-scalable diffusion transformer which can generate time series of remote sensing images and corresponding semantic and change labels from labeled and even unlabeled single-temporal images. Changen2 is a "generative change foundation model" that can be trained at scale via self-supervision, and is capable of producing change supervisory signals from unlabeled single-temporal images. Unlike existing "foundation models", our generative change foundation model synthesizes change data to train task-specific foundation models for change detection. The resulting model possesses inherent zero-shot change detection capabilities and excellent transferability. Comprehensive experiments suggest Changen2 has superior spatiotemporal scalability in data generation, e.g., Changen2 model trained on 256 2 pixel single-temporal images can yield time series of any length and resolutions of 1,024 2 pixels. Changen2 pre-trained models exhibit superior zero-shot performance (narrowing the performance gap to 3% on LEVIR-CD and approximately 10% on both S2Looking and SECOND, compared to fully supervised counterpart) and transferability across multiple types of change tasks, including ordinary and off-nadir building change, land-use/land-cover change, and disaster assessment. The model and datasets are available at https://github.com/Z-Zheng/pytorch-change-models.

How Culture Is Subverted: A Cognitive Linguistic Analysis of the Social Semantic Change of “X Yuan” Based on the “Figure-Ground” Theory

How Culture Is Subverted: A Cognitive Linguistic Analysis of the Social Semantic Change of “X Yuan” Based on the “Figure-Ground” Theory

인지지도를 통한 어휘 의미 변화 고찰

This paper aims to explore the evolving patterns of cognitive concepts reflected in the linguistic expressions of ‘Shui(水)’ and ‘Mul(물)’, tracing the evolution from traditional to contemporary perspectives on water in Chinese and Korean languages. Upon classifying the types of lexical meanings for the polysemy ‘Shui(水)’ and ‘Mul(물)’, a conceptual space was constructed to depict the cognitive thought process, and a semantic map was drawn to investigate the development path of semantic changes. The results of this study revealed that, in the process of deriving and developing lexical meanings, both ‘Shui(水)’ and ‘Mul(물)’ initially shared the semantic feature of [stream of water] in their original meaning but gradually diversified their developmental types of lexical meaning. In particular, semantic development was most active through the ‘word meaning shift’ type, with the ‘shape meaning domain’ being concrete and visual, playing a central role in the differentiation and development of meanings into ‘functional’ and ‘property’ domains. Furthermore, the overall emotional color were shifted towards a more negative direction. Differences were identified in the grammatical functions and morphological structures of ‘Shui(水)’ and ‘Mul(물)’. In terms of semantic extensions, ‘Mul(물)’ in modern times demonstrates a broader spectrum of semantic features compared to ‘Shui(水)’ in ancient times.

ART OR ISKUSSTVO? PECULIARITIES OF RECODED LEXICAL ITEMS ASSIMILATION IN MASS MEDIA

Problem statement. The problem of using foreign words is still relevant for the last decades due to a wide-spread “invasion” of Anglicisms and Americanisms. The article presents the analysis of foreign words that are widely used in modern press but not considered as a part of the Russian language system. Lexical items recoded into Russian from a foreign language are determined as a specific object of study. Results. More than 5000 examples of using the word «art» in modern Russian newspapers have been revealed during the research. A complex quantitative and qualitative analysis in regards to graphics, semantics, syntactics and stylistics has been provided. Some features of recoded words assimilation at graphic, morphologic, syntactiс and semantic levels are presented. Some peculiarities of graphic representation of foreign words depending on the language source are noticed. It has been found that recoded words receive some characteristics not given in their language source even before they enter a system of the recipient language. Conclusion. The author comes to the conclusion that formal recoding of the significant is only an initial stage of foreign words assimilation. The recoded lexical items go through the process of language acquisition not only at graphic but also morphologic and syntactic levels as well as they undergo some semantic changes. Thus the words in focus represent potential reserves that can become parts of modern Russian language.

Uwagi o zmianach semantycznych staropolskich rzeczowników osobowych (na podstawie dzieł leksykograficznych)

The aim of the presented article is to show semantic changes in Old Polish person-related nouns. Describing selected entries from a diachronic perspective – by comparing semantic notations from the Old Polish Dictionary edited by S. Urbańczyk with definitions from later dictionaries – has allowed me to identify semantic modifications occurring over the centuries (e.g. metaphors, de-metaphorisation, expansion of meaning, pejorative meaning) and to make a number of remarks on the subject.

A large-scale empirical study on mobile performance: energy, run-time and memory

Software performance concerns have been attracting research interest at an increasing rate, especially regarding energy performance in non-wired computing devices. In the context of mobile devices, several research works have been devoted to assessing the performance of software and its underlying code. One important contribution of such research efforts is sets of programming guidelines aiming at identifying efficient and inefficient programming practices, and consequently to steer software developers to write performance-friendly code.Despite recent efforts in this direction, it is still almost unfeasible to obtain universal and up-to-date knowledge regarding software and respective source code performance. Namely regarding energy performance, where there has been growing interest in optimizing software energy consumption due to the power restrictions of such devices. There are still many difficulties reported by the community in measuring performance, namely in large-scale validation and replication. The Android ecosystem is a particular example, where the great fragmentation of the platform, the constant evolution of the hardware, the software platform, the development libraries themselves, and the fact that most of the platform tools are integrated into the IDE’s GUI, makes it extremely difficult to perform performance studies based on large sets of data/applications. In this paper, we analyze the execution of a diversified corpus of applications of significant magnitude. We analyze the source-code performance of 1322 versions of 215 different Android applications, dynamically executed with over than 27900 tested scenarios, using state-of-the-art black-box testing frameworks with different combinations of GUI inputs. Our empirical analysis allowed to observe that semantic program changes such as adding functionality and repairing bugfixes are the changes more associated with relevant impact on energy performance. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that several coding practices previously identified as energy-greedy do not replicate such behavior in our execution context and can have distinct impacts across several performance indicators: runtime, memory and energy consumption. Some of these practices include some performance issues reported by the Android Lint and Android SDK APIs. We also provide evidence that the evaluated performance indicators have little to no correlation with the performance issues’ priority detected by Android Lint. Finally, our results allowed us to demonstrate that there are significant differences in terms of performance between the most used libraries suited for implementing common programming tasks, such as HTTP communication, JSON manipulation, image loading/rendering, among others, providing a set of recommendations to select the most efficient library for each performance indicator. Based on the conclusions drawn and in the extension of the developed work, we also synthesized a set of guidelines that can be used by practitioners to replicate energy studies and build more efficient mobile software.

Marching towards Contrast: The Case of ao passo que in Portuguese

This paper explores the diachrony of the Portuguese contrastive connective ao passo que (‘whereas’). First, we describe its syntactic and semantic properties in present-day European Portuguese. With this contemporary analysis in mind, we explore the semantic and syntactic changes from the PP ao passo que (lit. ‘at the step/pace that’) into first a temporal connective of simultaneity (‘at the same time as’) and, ultimately, a contrastive expression. The evolution of expressions with temporal meanings into contrastive ones has been documented in many languages. In our paper, we show that another related meaning, that of the gradual development of events that are temporally simultaneous, may also evolve into a contrastive meaning. We also examine the role of the syntax and semantics of the noun passo in this process. Furthermore, we discuss the internal analyzability of the connective and provide evidence for the retention of some internal syntax, which has implications for current theories on the nature of complex categories.

Polish 'pieszy' and English 'foot': An analysis of a pair of cognates

The research concentrates on investigating the etymological relationship between the Polish term pieszy ‘pedestrian, on foot’, and the English word foot, both tracing their origins back to a common Proto-IndoEuropean root *ped-. The objective of this study is to recognize and document the various morphological, phonological, and semantic changes that this shared ancestral word has experienced throughout its evolution. The study intends to prove that the Polish word pieszy and the English word foot represent cognates by demonstrating their shared elements and explaining changes that affected them.

THE CONCEPTUAL PICTURE OF THE WORLD IN ENGLISH AND KAZAKH MYTHOLOGEMES

The conceptual picture of the world is a set of concepts, knowledge about the universe, historically formed in the minds of a particular linguistic collective, embodied in the language and constantly updated. Mythological works have a special place in the comprehensive consideration of the conceptual picture of the world. "Myth" is the oldest type of spiritual culture of human beings. The first manifestations of human knowledge are mythical and folklore works. Although there are scientific works related to myth in world and Kazakh folklore, the study of English and Kazakh mythical images is considered for the first time. This article investigates the spiritual, cultural continuity and features of the knowledge of the two countries through a comparative analysis of Kazakh and English mythologems, as well as the nature, use, and semantic changes of linguistic phenomena. It will also be discussed how these myths shape the linguistic picture of the world in each culture. The results of this study contribute to such fields of science as psychology, neuroscience, linguistics and philosophy, religious studies and cultural anthropology.