Gas turbine technology is growing at a faster pace, since it is a more viable option for power generation and related applications in the context of reducing conventional fuel resources. Experimental works on better materials increases hope on the life and extent of gas turbines that can be used with improved performance. In this work, experimentation is carried out about the characteristics of different materials that can be used in gas turbines and in particular, turbine blades. Alloys of different metal compositions of Nickel, Titanium and Steel are chosen. Apart from measuring hardness and surface roughness, microscopic studies are investigated, since mechanical properties depend much on the grain size. It is evident that alloys are crystalline in nature containing different grain structures and boundaries. Hardness test gives the index. After fine polishing, surface roughness test is carried out by measuring Ra and Rz. Metallurgical microscope of high caliber is used for studying the grain structure and average grain number is also calculated. Heat treatment process is carried out on the test specimen in order to identify the changes in grain structure. Study identifies that appropriate alloy could be recognized based on grain structure and other properties in order to ensure safe and long withstanding of gas turbine components. This will enable us with more options while meeting the power generation requirement in the days to come.