Cetyldimethylbenzylammonium Chloride Research Articles

The influence of various detergents on the esterase and glucose-6-phosphate activities of mouse liver microsomes

Anionic [Na deoxycholate (DOC), Na cetyl sulfonate, Na lauryl sulfate, Na dodecyl benzene sulfonate], cationic (cetavlon, cetyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, laurylamine) and nonionic detergents (Lubrol W and Tween 80) have different effects upon esterase and glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) activities of mouse liver microsomes. The anionic and nonionic detergents solubilize esterase activity and microsomal proteins whereas the cationic ones partially inactivate and do not solubilize this enzyme or appreciable amounts of protein. G-6-Pase is activated by Lubrol W and DOC, is inactivated partially or completely by the other anionic detergents, but is less inactivated by the cationic detergents than is esterase. The solubilization of esterase but not G-6-Pase by the various detergents suggests that these enzymes probably have different sites in or on the microsomal membranes, or that one, esterase, is loosely bound and the other, G-6-Pase, is tightly associated with the microsomal membranes. The anionic detergent DOC and the nonionic detergent Lubrol W are able to protect to a limited extent and to a greater extent, respectively, esterase from the inactivating effect of cetavlon and of Na lauryl sulfate. This may be due to the preferential adsorption of DOC and Lubrol W to the esterase site on the microsomes, removal of which requires a fairly high concentration of the cationic detergent, cetavlon, or of Na lauryl sulfate.

Action of surface-active agents on axonal conduction.

Three cationic as well as two anionic and two nonionized surfactants were examined for their axonal conduction blocking tendencies. Appreciable and irreversible block was effected by the ionic surfactants. In order of decreasing effectiveness they were: dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMB), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), and cetyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (CDMBC). Only modest conduction block was produced by the nonionized surfactants— polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (T20) and polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-oleate (T80). The results support the thesis that there is a correlation between cytolytic activity of surfactants and the propensity to block axonal conduction. The results are also in agreement with a previously expressed speculation that CTMB (and presumably other cytolytic surfactants) exerts disruptive and dispersive actions on the molecular morphology of the various permeability barriers in a nerve trunk such as the frog sciatic.

THE APPLICATION OF DUST-LAYING OIL TO COTTON

Details of a process for the application of dust-laying oil to cotton fabric are given. The process consists essentially of the mutual coagulation, in the presence of the cotton, of two oppositely charged oil-in-water emulsions. The negative and positive emulsions are stabilized with commercial preparations of sodium ethyl sulphonate methyl-oleamide and cetyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride respectively. The ratio of the two emulsifying agents must be controlled accurately in order to ensure complete coagulation of the oil.The uniformity of oil distribution on the fabric is satisfactory, and there is little or no tendency for fatty acid or oil to build up on repeated laundering and oiling when carried out in a commercial laundry wash wheel. There is some loss of oil owing to deposition on the wheel, so that it is necessary to allow for 7% oiling in order to obtain 4 to 6% on the fabric.