Cessation Intentions Research Articles

Smoking knowledge and smoking cessation intention according to the stage of change in smoking cessation behavior among smokers in their 20s

Smoking knowledge and smoking cessation intention according to the stage of change in smoking cessation behavior among smokers in their 20s

Resistance to anti-smoking messages related to the higher smoking stigma of Korean female smokers.

The degree of perceived smoking stigma can differ, based on various factors such as gender; this may influence the effect of smoking cessation interventions, including denormalization. This study investigates the gender differences in smoking stigma recognized by Korean smokers and explores the effect of these differences on the success of smoking cessation messages that aim to initiate an identity crisis among smokers. It aims to contribute to effective smoking cessation intervention strategies for female smokers. The smoker-gender Implicit Association Test (IAT) was used to measure gender-based smoking stigma; the test comprised photos of people smoking, with positive and negative descriptors. Participants were 120 smokers aged 19-35 years (60 males and 60 females). Participants' cognitive attitudes toward smoking and cessation intentions were assessed at baseline. To investigate the effect of social stigmatization on smokers, participants were asked to watch anti-smoking campaigns that stigmatized either smoking behavior or smokers' self-identity. Cognitive attitudes and cessations intention were used to show differences in gender and message conditions. The IAT D-score showed that female smokers perceived other female smokers significantly more negatively than they did male smokers, suggesting a higher level of smoking stigma. Female smokers in the socially stigmatizing condition reduced their negativity toward smoking less than those who were not stigmatized. Moreover, cessation intentions did not improve when female smokers received identity-threatening messages, indicating that female smokers tended to resist stigmatizing messages. These findings provide empirical evidence that the gender of Korean smokers is significantly related to differences in smoking stigma. The negative perception and resistance responses of female smokers shown in this study are consistent with the findings of previous studies on the stigma of substance use disorders and addiction. High smoking stigma can also be a risk factor in anti-smoking interventions, including health communication; therefore, these findings should be interpreted with caution.

Influence on Cessation Intentions of Smoking College Students

Influence on Cessation Intentions of Smoking College Students

To Investigate the Influence of Smoking Cessation Intention and Common Downstream Variants of HDAC9 Gene on Large Artery Atherosclerotic Cerebral Infarction.

To investigate the association of smoking cessation intention and single nucleotide polymorphism of HDAC9 gene with LAA-S in Han people in Hainan province. A case-control study was conducted. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPS) of HDAC9 gene were genotyped by SNPscan genotyping technique in 248 patients with LAA-S and 237 controls in Hainan Han population. SNP loci (rs10227612, rs12669496, rs1548577, rs2074633, rs2526626, and rs2717344) were genotyped, and the genotype and allele frequencies were compared between the case and control group. At the same time, the distribution of smoking between the case and control group was compared, and the 3-year and 7-year follow-up smoking cessation between the case and control group was compared, so as to find out the effects of smoking cessation intention and HDAC9 SNP on LAA-S. (1) The GT genotype at rs10227612, GG genotype at rs2717344, and GA genotype at rs1548577 in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant. (2) There were significant differences in the distribution of smoking between the case and control group (P < 0.05), and there were significant differences in the smoking cessation after 3 years and 7 years of follow-up between the case and control group (P < 0.05). The intention to quit smoking was positively correlated with the incidence of LAA-S. (1) The rs10227612, rs1548577, rs2074633, rs2717344 of HDAC9 gene may be significantly related to atherosclerotic cerebral infarction of great arteries in Hainan Han population, while rs12669496 and rs2526626 may not be related. (2) According to the statistics of smoking in the case and control group, smoking was related to large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction, and the intention to quit smoking was a very important factor affecting the success of smoking cessation.

Pictorial Health Warning and Intention to Quit Smoking in Smokers in an Urban Campus Jakarta

Background: Research on eye-tracking among active smokers shows they avoid the health warnings on cigarette packages, which still occur even without prominent imaging information. Aims: To evaluate the reactions and perceptions to pictorial health warning (PHW) labels by measuring eye-tracking devices and knowing their relationship to smoking cessation intention. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design with measurements of PHW on cigarette packs by eye-tracker tools of type Tobii-data collection. With a non-random sampling technique, 50 respondents were from civitas academics on Campus-A UHAMKA. Samples were selected based on inclusion criteria: men, active smokers, not colorblind, and who didn't intend to stop smoking three months before the study. Results: The number also shows that most respondents already have strong intentions. The majority of respondents (64%) want to improve their health. However, 20% of those surveyed have no reason to quit smoking. That might represent the respondent's low intention to quit smoking. A bivariate test showed no significant association between respondents' attitudes toward smoking cessation intention (p-value: 0.706) and subjective norms for smoking cessation intention (p-value: 0.706). The eye-tracking results found that the different gaze plots and heatmap results on cigarette packets showing smoking-related diseases were more directed to the PHW area of interest. However, on smoking behavior images, the gaze plot and heatmap showed scattered results for PHW and cigarette brands. Conclusion: Although it has not been proven significantly related to smoking cessation intention, PHW has been the respondents' focus. We need further research on the shape and size of PHW.

Tobacco harm perceptions, regulatory attitudes, and cessation intentions before and after the COVID-19 lockdown in California.

The present study examined tobacco health perceptions, regulation attitudes, and cessation intentions among California adults before and after the COVID-19 lockdown, given the pandemic's mixed impact on tobacco use. An online survey of California adults was conducted in two phases: pre-lockdown (March 2020, n = 1349) and post-lockdown (May 2020, n = 1201). Participants (M age 30.29 years; SD = 5.91) from both samples were predominately former or current smokers, male, and non-Hispanic White (>60% for all). This method allowed for a comparison of attitudes and behaviors across two distinct periods with two samples. There were significant differences between pre- and post-lockdown risk perceptions, regulatory attitudes, and cessation intentions. Examining shifts in perceptions and attitudes amidst the pandemic aids in understanding the complex and dynamic nature of tobacco behavior change through the lens of a major socioenvironmental event to guide future tobacco control efforts.

Affecting Factors Smoking Cessation Intention among Adolescent E-Cigarette Smokers

The prevalence of e-cigarette smoking in Palembang City reached 3.2% in 2018. Adolescent e-cigarette smokers in Palembang City have a reasonably firm intention to quit smoking e-cigarettes. Quitting e-cigarette smoking is a stage that starts with forming self-intention so that one can maintain new habits. This study aims to determine the factors influencing the intention to quit smoking e-cigarettes in Palembang City adolescents. This study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional research design. The research sample was calculated using the two proportions difference hypothesis test formula, totaling 134 adolescents aged 10-24 years. The analysis used was univariate, bivariate analysis using a chi-square test, and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression test prediction model. The results showed a relationship between the age of first e-cigarette smoking (p=0.002), knowledge (p

Association between having a meal together with family and smoking: a cross-sectional nationwide survey

BackgroundSmoking is a major risk factor that significantly affects public health. Although the South Korean government spends significant money on smoking cessation services, the smoking rate remains stagnant. Families influence health-conscious decisions, and family meals can positively affect smoking suppression and health behaviors. Therefore, this study investigated whether family meals are correlated with adults’ smoking behaviors.MethodsThis study used data from the 2019–2021 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Having a meal together with family was defined as “yes” for those who have at least one meal with their family each day and “no” for those who do not. Current smoking status was classified as having smoked at least 5 packs of cigarettes (100 cigarettes) in one’s lifetime and having used either conventional cigarettes or e-cigarettes in the last 30 days. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between eating together, smoking, and weight application.ResultsWhen comparing the group that ate with their family compared to the group that did not, the odds ratio for current smoking status was 1.27 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.54) for male participants and 1.90 (95% CI: 1.33–2.71) for female participants. This showed a dose-dependent effect according to the frequency of family meals. Those who smoked conventional cigarettes had a strong association (men: OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.00–1.67; women: OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.42–3.46). However, those who only vaped e-cigarettes or used both conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes had no statistically significant correlations.ConclusionThis study provides evidence suggesting that eating meals as a family is related to smoking behavior and can positively affect smoking cessation intentions in adults. Consequently, a smoking cessation program can be developed that uses social support, such as encouraging family meals.

Association of health literacy with smoking behavior among Chinese men.

Health literacy may constitute a modifiable determinant of smoking behavior and intention to quit. Little is known about the extent to which health literacy affects smoking or quitting smoking. We assessed the nationally representative cross-sectional datasets from the China Health Literacy Surveillance (CHLS) initiated in 2018. Using polytomous logistic regression models, the study investigated the association of health literacy with smoking behavior and the intention to quit smoking among men aged 15-69 in China. After confounding factors were controlled, compared with having below basic health literacy, having adequate health literacy appeared to be an independent protective factor from current smoking [current smoking vs never smoking: adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.81-0.96; p = 0.003; current smoking vs former smoking: adjusted OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.64-0.92; p = 0.003], while having intermediate health literacy was associated with current smoking vs never smoking (adjusted OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.02-1.17; p = 0.011) or former smoking vs never smoking (adjusted OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.06-1.40; p = 0.005). And having adequate health literacy was associated with intending to quit among current smokers (adjusted OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.10-1.42; p < 0.001). Findings provide evidence that health literacy may serve as a critical and independent protective factor for reducing poor smoking behavior or enhancing cessation intention among men. Efforts should focus on developing and evaluating intervention to control tobacco use among men with low health literacy level.

평가적 조건화가 흡연자의 담배에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Evaluative Conditioning (EC) intervention techniques on smoking cessation intentions and changes in both implicit and explicit attitudes towards smoking. EC involves repeatedly associating target stimuli with emotional stimuli to induce automatic attitude transformations. Participants (n=52) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Positive Evaluation Conditioning (PEC), Negative Evaluation Conditioning (NEC), or Neutral Evaluation Conditioning (NC). The treatments involved establishing associations between emotional stimuli and smoking or smoking cessation stimuli. After the interventions, participants completed self-report questionnaires and a single target implicit association task to assess their attitudes. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in smoking cravings and positive attitudes towards smoking among participants who received negative evaluation conditioning training(time x group interaction effect, F=3.19, p&lt;.05; F=3.30, p&lt;.05.). These findings indicate that EC techniques effectively facilitate changes in automatic and implicit attitudes, which are influential factors in smoking behavior.

Determinants of Intention and Attempt to Quit Smoking: A Study in Kalidawir Tulungagung

Smoking cessation has been widely known as the right step to improve health. However, it has a low success rate. This research aims to identify demographic attributes (age, sex, income, and education), tobacco knowledge and spending and their impacts on smoking cessation intention and attempts in Kalidawir, Tulungagung Districts. A survey of 111 adult smokers is conducted using the GATS questionnaire. The data is analyzed using binary logistic regression. Most respondents, as many as 70 (63.1%), expressed a desire to quit smoking. Meanwhile, 41 respondents (36.9%) had no intention to quit smoking. Unfortunately, less than half, which is 43 (38.7%), had ever tried to quit smoking and more than half of the respondents, as many as 68 (61.3%), stated that they had never tried to quit smoking. Level of education and tobacco spending has a significant impact on intention to quit smoking (p-value 0,018 and p-value 0,024). While age, income, sex and knowledge do not affect the intention to quit smoking (p-value 0,954; p-value 0,145; p-value 0,975; and p-value 0,639). Education income and tobacco spending significantly impact the attempt to quit smoking (p-value 0,001; p-value 0,001 and p-value 0,008). While age, sex and knowledge do not affect the attempt to quit smoking (p-value 0,359; p-value 0,477; and p-value 0,993). Level of education and tobacco spending have significant impacts on intention and attempt to quit smoking while income only has an impact on smoking cessation attempts. The tobacco control program should consider these factors and make more comprehensive interventions.

The Pregnant Smoker Stigma Scale - Self Stigma (P3S-SS): development and validation in pregnant smoking women in France

ABSTRACT Pregnancy smoking self-stigma may be associated with mental health and smoking cessation. This study aims to validate the Pregnant Smoker Stigma Scale – Self-Stigma (P3S-SS) assessing perceived and internalized stigma. Between May 2021 and May 2022, French pregnant smokers recruited online (n = 143) took the P3S-SS and other scales assessing depressive symptoms (EPDS), social inclusion (SIS), dissimulation, dependence (CDS-5), cessation self-efficacy (SEQ), and intention. The two versions of the scale include four dimensions: derogatory cognitions (“People think/I feel I am selfish”), negative emotions and behaviors (“People make me feel/smoking makes me feel guilty”), personal distress (“People/I feel sorry for me/myself”), and information provision (“People tell me/I think about the risks of smoking”). Confirmatory factor analyses and multiple regressions have been computed. Model fit was good for perceived stigma and internalized stigma (X2/df = 3.06, RMSEA = .124, AGFI = .982, SRMR = .068, CFI = .986, NNFI = .985; X2/df = 3.31, RMSEA = .14, AGFI = .977, SRMR = .087, CFI = .981, NNFI = .979). Controlling for dependence, cessation intention was positively predicted by perceived and internalized personal distress and negatively predicted by perceived negative emotions and behaviors (Adj R2 = .143, F(8,115) = 3.567, p = .001). Controlling for dependence, dissimulation was positively predicted by internalized negative cognitions and perceived personal distress and negatively predicted by internalized personal distress (Adj R2 = .19, F(9,98) = 3.785, p = .000). The P3S-SS opens up exciting avenues for further research. Stigma does not motivate women to stop smoking but increases distress and dissimulation.

Frequency, Knowledge, Attitude and Intent to Stop Cigarette Smoking among Nursing Students

Background: Cigarette smoking is a foremost health-related problem worldwide that can lead to morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of cigarette smoking and cessation intentions vary from one country to another. However, smoking cessation is the single most effective preventive strategy for enhancing health and extending life. Objective: (a) To determine the frequency of cigarette smoking; (b) To assess the knowledge, attitude of cigarette smoking and intent to stop it (c) To identify the association of cigarette smoking with demographic variables. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in two private nursing colleges in Karachi, from January to June 2019. The study included both male and female Nursing students. The non-probability convenience sampling technique was used to approach the participants. The chi-square test was applied to determine the significant association between cigarette smoking and demographic variables such as age, gender, marital status, and language. p-value ≤0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: Out of 150 study participants, the smoking frequency was 16 (10.7%). Eighty-eight (58.7%) of the study participants had a fair knowledge of cigarette smoking in this study. About one-fifth of (18.7%) participants intended to quit smoking. Almost one-fourth (24%) of the study participants verbalized that their friends are smokers, while 15.3% of participants’ parents were smokers. Conclusion: It is concluded that nursing students had some knowledge about adverse health effects of tobacco use, and few participants intended to stop smoking. It is recommended that nursing institutions organize smoking cessation sessions periodically to avoid from detrimental effects of smoking.

Depression is a predictor for both smoking and quitting intentions among male coronary artery disease patients

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the third most prominent cause of death globally, and smoking is the most common risk factors for CAD. However, few studies have examined both smoking and smoking cessation intentions in patients with CAD. The study aims to explore the predictors for smoking and quitting intentions among male CAD patients. This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 368 male CAD patients were recruited and classified into never smoked, quit smoking, and continuing to smoke three groups. Demographic information, level of nicotine dependence, carbon monoxide concentration, depression, and resilience were analyzed by using t-test, one- way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and least significant difference (LSD) post-hoc test and the multiple logistic regression analysis. The results revealed that among participants, 23.1% had never smoked, 40.5% had quit smoking, and 36.4% continued to smoke. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR=0.95, 95% CI=0.90–0.99), carbon monoxide (OR=1.74, 95% CI=1.51–2.01), and depression (OR=1.13, 95% CI=1.04–1.23) predicted participants who continued to smoke. Among the 134 participants who continued to smoke, 35.8% exhibited no intention to quit, and 64.2% planned to quit. Nicotine dependence (OR=0.79, 95% CI=0.66–0.94) and depression (OR=1.10, 95% CI=1.02–1.20) were significant predictors in participants who intended to quit smoking. The study demonstrates that depression is a significant predictor for both smoking and quitting intentions among male CAD patients.

Addiction or social need: towards a model to predict smoking cessation intentions

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify which social and psychological factors better determine intentions to quit smoking to inform public health policy.Design/methodology/approachData for this cross-sectional study were collected via face-to-face interaction following the pen-and-paper method. A total of 371 usable responses were received from randomly selected respondents of eight public sector universities located in the South Punjab province of Pakistan. Partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis was performed using SmartPLS program. A supplementary qualitative study, based on 21 in-depth interviews with the smokers, was conducted to augment findings of the quantitative study.FindingsResults showed that protection motivation theory and theory of planned behaviour are supported to predict intentions to quit smoking. Subjective norms have a greater influence on intentions to quit smoking than attitudes towards smoking cessation, while perceived behavioural control fails to predict intentions to quit smoking. Perceived rewards and perceived cost are significant in predicting attitudes towards smoking cessation, while extrinsic rewards predict intentions to quit smoking.Originality/valueThe existing models reported in the literature have sparsely investigated the cognitive (such as motivation and emotions) and social factors (such as social influence and behavioural controls) together as determinants of intentions to quit smoking, leaving room for more studies on an integrated model of these factors. This study takes the opportunity and proposes an integrated model encompassing psycho-social factors to predict tobacco consumption quitting behaviour in an emerging economy context.

Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome Disease and Smoking Cessation Intention in Adult Males

Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome Disease and Smoking Cessation Intention in Adult Males

Counterproductive effects of overfamiliar antitobacco messages on smoking cessation intentions via message fatigue and resistance to persuasion.

While smoking may result in various harmful effects, such as mental health issues caused by addiction, antitobacco messages have typically focused on the physical health consequences of smoking for decades. Prolonged exposures to these conventional messages may have not only increased awareness about the harmful health effects of smoking but may have also caused message fatigue and resultant resistance to persuasion. The latter effects, however, remain largely unexamined. Addressing this gap, this study examined the effects of overfamiliar antitobacco messages focusing on the health consequences of smoking on message fatigue and resistance to persuasion. In an online experiment, current smokers (N = 296) in the U.S. were randomly assigned to one of the four message conditions that manipulated a degree of familiarity in a 2 (thematic frame: physical vs. mental health) × 2 (valence frame: loss vs. gain) factorial design. The results show that a message portraying physical health consequences of smoking in a loss frame (i.e., overfamiliar frame) induced greater message fatigue than that in a gain frame. Message fatigue, in turn, was associated with higher levels of active (i.e., reactance) and passive resistance (i.e., disengagement) toward antitobacco messages. Reactance induced by message fatigue predicted less favorable attitude and lower intentions to quit smoking. Overall, message fatigue showed both direct and indirect effects on intentions, with the latter being mediated by reactance. Overfamiliar antitobacco message frames may activate greater message fatigue and resistance to persuasion, which may dampen campaign effects. The findings caution against the habitual use of conventional antitobacco messages. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Prevalence of non-communicable diseases and its association with tobacco smoking cessation intention among current smokers in Shanghai, China.

Smoking remains one of the biggest public health challenges worldwide, quitting tobacco smoking can lead to substantial health gains, even later in life. Previous studies indicate that illness can be a powerful motivation to quit and physicians' advice on smoking cessation has been shown to improve quit rates, but evidence on the role of non-communicable diseases in smoking cessation is limited. This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the prevalence of non-communicable diseases and to explore its role in smoking cessation intention in smokers in Shanghai. From January to June 2021, 1104 current smokers were recruited in the Songjiang and Fengxian districts of Shanghai. We used an Android assisted electronic questionnaire for data collection, and implemented logistic regression for odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) calculation to explore how smoking cessation intention would be influenced by non-communicable diseases comorbidity among smokers. The 1104 current smokers included 914 males (82.8%), with an average age of 43.6 years. Approximately 22% of smokers had at least 1 type of non-communicable disease, with 17.8% for non-respiratory system related non-communicable diseases and 6.6% for respiratory system related non-communicable diseases. The prevalence of non-communicable diseases comorbidity ranged from 0.5% to 13.9%, and was higher in male smokers; 41.8% of current smokers had intention to quit smoking in a recent year, and the percentage of smoking cessation intention was higher in smokers with non-communicable diseases. Logistic regression indicated that smokers with non-communicable diseases had 1.3 (95% CI: 1.0-1.8) times higher smoking cessation intention than those without non-communicable disease. The findings were consistent in respiratory system related and non-respiratory system related non-communicable diseases. The prevalence of non-communicable diseases was high among current smokers in Shanghai, and their smoking cessation intention was associated with non-communicable diseases comorbidity. Physicians should treat illness as a powerful motivation and provide professional cessation service to tobacco users to reverse the severe tobacco epidemic.

Stage-emotion compatibility and the effectiveness of antismoking campaigns in South Korea: tailoring guilt and shame appeals to individuals in different stages of change

ABSTRACT In many domains of health risk prevention and management, tailoring messages specifically for different stages of change is critical. In the context of smoking cessation, this research represents an initial attempt to discover stage-specific affective profiles in terms of guilt versus shame. It then examines whether stage-congruent emotional appeals increase the persuasiveness of antismoking campaigns. Study 1 found that participants felt more negative self-conscious emotions as they entered the later stages of smoking cessation, showing more salient emotional states of guilt rather than shame. Study 2 found that stage-emotion compatibility, such as that exhibited by participants in the early stages of change, was not altered by emotional appeals regardless of the emotional type. In contrast, those in the later stages of change perceived guilt rather than shame appeals to be more effective and displayed greater smoking cessation intention. Through this, current research takes an important step toward theoretically identifying the affective states associated with different stages of change for smoking cessation and helps practitioners use emotional appeals effectively and appropriately in public health campaigns.

The estimated influence of assumed physicians' advice for tobacco smoking cessation among current smokers in Shanghai, China: A cross-sectional study.

INTRODUCTIONEvidence indicates that physicians’ smoking cessation advice is significant for tobacco control, which is an impetus to encourage smoking cessation among smokers, but the estimated influence of physicians’ smoking cessation advice on smokers’ intention to quit is limited in Shanghai, China.METHODSWe enrolled 1104 participants who were current smokers in the SJ (Songjiang) and FX (Fengxian) districts in Shanghai in 2021. An electronic questionnaire was used to collect data and SAS 9.4 was used for data analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to estimate the influence of the assumed physicians’ advice for smoking cessation on current smokers’ smoking cessation plan.RESULTSA total of 1104 participants provided information of which 914 were male smokers (82.8%) and 190 (17.2%) were female smokers. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that female smokers (OR=2.47; 95% CI: 1.66–3.68), smokers with at least 1 type of non-communicable disease (OR=2.09; 95% CI: 1.42–3.07), smoking intensity <20 cigarettes/day (OR=1.64; 95% CI: 1.22–2.17), with personal tobacco burden less than 20% (OR=1.52; 95% CI: 1.10–2.13), exposed to secondhand smoke (OR=1.99; 95% CI:1.44–2.76), and previous smoking cessation attempt (OR=4.43; 95% CI: 3.23–6.08), were more likely to report an intent to quit smoking. Moreover, approximately 50% of participants without a plan to quit in a year had also reported their intention to quit smoking with the presumption that the physicians would advise them to quit, irrespective of their sex, age, NCD status and secondhand tobacco smoke exposure.CONCLUSIONSPhysicians’ cessation advice could promote smokers to consider stopping smoking. The reported cessation intention was higher among female smokers, and smokers with NCD, lower smoking intensity and burden, with smoking cessation attempts, all of which could be incorporated into the implementation of tobacco control measures in the future in Shanghai.