Central Panel Research Articles

New Observations on the Dionysian Scene Mosaic Panels in the House of the Triumph of Dionysus in Daphne-Antiocheia: Iconographic Description of the Periaktos System in the Decorative Architecture of the Theatre Stage Building

and French teams between 1932 and 1940 uncovered Roman ruins such as a theatre, church and villa. In the publications on the mosaic, the objects on either side of the actors and masks in the L-shaped panels of the Dionysian centre panel in the Dionysian Victory House have been interpreted as boxes and drawers. With this study, it has been seen that the mosaic panel of the Roman villa called “The House of the Triumph of Dionysus”, where a theatrical theme related to the god Dionysos is processed, is the first known iconographic expression of the wooden, prismatic rotating decor system periaktos found in the theatre stage building. We know about the periaktos from the accounts of Vitruvius. Since this decor system was made of wood, it was not possible to find archaeological remains of it. The only archaeological data on the periaktos system is the stone platform on which the periaktos system sits in the stage building of the Kaunos theatre discovered by Prof. Varkıvanç. With this study, the pictorial expression of the stage decor system on mosaics, which we know from Vitruvius’ reports, has also been identified.

Trust calibration through perceptual and predictive information of the external context in autonomous vehicle

Maintaining an appropriate level of trust is critical for driving safety in autonomous vehicles. While enhancing the driver’s situation awareness (SA) of system information in autonomous driving is known to significantly promote trust calibration, it remains unclear whether enhancing the driver’s SA of the external context during driving contributes to this calibration. This study addresses this gap by improving SA of the external context during Level 3 (L3) driving automation across various driving environments. Driving contexts were manipulated using distinct road conditions containing low, medium, or high contextual risks. To enhance driver’s SA of the driving context, we redesigned the in-vehicle central control panel to display real-time perceptual and predictive information about the external driving context. We hypothesized that SA of driving contexts would facilitate trust calibration rather than merely enhancing trust, allowing trust to adjust to appropriate levels under different driving conditions. Experiment 1 examined the impact of perceptual information about the road, traffic infrastructure, and surrounding vehicles on drivers’ trust. We found that driver’s trust decreased with increased contextual risk only when the reconfigured panel was used, while the number of accidents was not affected. Experiment 2 investigated the effect of predictive information about the external context on drivers’ trust by marking safe and dangerous zones around driver’s vehicle with green and red areas, respectively. We revealed that the predictive information calibrated the trust according to road conditions and increased overall trust levels, while the number of accidents was not affected. Together, these findings suggest that enhancing perception and prediction of external contexts helps drivers align their trust with contextual risk levels in L3 driving automation without compromising driving safety.

Cascade Failure-Based Identification and Resilience of Critical Nodes in Automotive Supply Chain Networks

In the case of cascade failure, due to the close connection of the automobile supply chain network, the chain reaction caused by it should not be ignored; therefore, to find out the important nodes in the automobile supply chain network, to reduce the damage of cascade failure on the supply chain network, and to improve the destruction resistance of the automobile supply chain network is a problem that we should focus on. This paper takes Tesla’s new energy automotive supply chain network as an example to study the impact of cascade failure on the destructive resistance of the automotive supply chain network. From the analysis of the identification results, it is found that the key nodes in the automobile supply chain network with strong influence on risk propagation are mostly charging pile enterprises, motor enterprises, and electronic control enterprises at the core, such as Hengdian Electromagnetics, Wanma Stocks, etc. Meanwhile, Changxin Science and Technology, as a central control panel manufacturer with a large number of indirect suppliers, is also in the top position. Through the proposed key node identification method, it has good practical application value for preventing risk transmission in the automotive supply chain.

Abstract 1154: Spatial profiling of the tumor microenvironment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma revealed immune cell type infiltration into the TME as a predictor of immunotherapy response

Abstract Background: Immunotherapy has shown promising results in advanced head and neck cancer patients, however, only a subset of patients are responsive to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. The molecular and cellular characterization of the tumor microenvironment (TME) may reveal clues as to why some head and neck tumors are responsive or resistant to the therapy. Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples were collected from 34 patients at two major Queensland Hospitals with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), prior to immunotherapy. To investigate the cellular and molecular characteristics of the HNSCC TME, we used the Nanostring GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler (DSP) spanning modules in an immune-oncology panel, which included immune cell typing and profiling, cell death, PI3K/AKT signaling, drug target, immune activation, and pan tumor protein biomarkers. A deeper structural analysis was performed using the Nanostring whole transcriptome atlas (WTA) panel of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) and germinal centers (GCs). Results: Out of 34 patients, 3 had a complete response (CR), 7 had a partial response (PR), 5 had stable disease (SD), and 19 had progressive disease (PD), based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). When we compared patient responders (patients with CR, PR, and SD) to patient non-responders (patients with PD), we found that the former had a higher infiltration of immune cell type markers representatives of CD8+ T cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages, into their tumor microenvironment than the latter. Then, to investigate differentially expressed genes between patients with complete response and patients with partial response to immunotherapy, we performed DE analyses and we found that patients with PR had higher Ki-67 expression than those with CR. Spatial transcriptomic mapping of TLS’s (peripheral, intra-tumoral) and normal germinal centers revealed interferon pathway enrichment in the TLS’s. In a subset, these appear to be linked with HPV viral infection. Conclusion: In this study, we found that immune cell type infiltration into the tumor microenvironment of head and neck cancers could be predictive of response to immunotherapy. Furthermore, it was revealed that patients with a high expression of Ki-67 might be less likely to respond completely to immunotherapy. Spatially resolved whole transcriptome analysis of HNSCC tissues revealed the presence of tertiary lymphoid structures with a higher enrichment of interferon pathway genes. Citation Format: Habib Sadeghirad, Chin Wee Tan, Ning Liu, James Monkman, Caroline Cooper, Ken O’Byrne, Melissa Davis, Brett Hughes, Arutha Kulasinghe. Spatial profiling of the tumor microenvironment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma revealed immune cell type infiltration into the TME as a predictor of immunotherapy response [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 1154.

3D multi-modal point clouds data fusion for metrological analysis and restoration assessment of a panel painting

This paper reports the results obtained from the workflow designed for the 3D survey of a Renaissance panel painting using close-range photogrammetry and conoscopic laser microprofilometry, before and after its restoration. The artwork under examination is the central panel of a Renaissance polyptych realized by a late Gothic painter active in central Italy in the late 15th century. This painting has had a rather troubled conservation history following numerous adverse events that have severely damaged it structurally. In preparation for restoration work, the fusion of point cloud data derived from active and passive sensors served to create a single multi-resolution model on which to conduct advanced metrological analyses for multi-temporal monitoring of the changes undergone by the panel painting during and after structural restoration.

The Body of Christ and the Embodied Viewer in Rubens’s Rockox Epitaph

On behalf of the Catholic Church, the Council of Trent (1545–1563) confirmed the usefulness of religious images and multisensory worship practices for engaging the bodies and the minds of congregants, and for moving pious devotees to empathize with Christ. In the center panel of the Rockox Epitaph (c. 1613–1615), a funerary triptych commissioned by the Antwerp mayor Nicolaas Rockox (1560–1640) and his wife Adriana Perez (1568–1619) to hang over their tomb, Peter Paul Rubens (1577–1640) paints an awe-inspiring, hopeful image of the Risen Lord that alludes to the promise of humankind’s corporeal resurrection at the Last Judgment. In the wings, Rockox and Perez demonstrate affective worship with prayer aids and welcome onlookers to gaze upon Christ’s renewed body. Rubens’s juxtaposition of the eternal, incorruptible body of Jesus alongside five mortal figures—the two patrons and the three apostles, Peter, Paul, and John—prompted living viewers to meditate on their relationship with God, to compare their bodies with those depicted, and to contemplate their own embodiment and mortality. Ultimately, the idealized body of Christ reminds faithful audiences of both the corporeal renewal and the spiritual salvation made possible through Jesus’s death and resurrection.

Abstract C110: Mobile low dose computerized tomographic (LDCT) scanning program identifies pre-malignant lung cancer lesions in a Native American population: A study of Indian Health Service and Levine Cancer Institute

Abstract BACKGROUND: Native Americans (NA) are an under-served population for healthcare, including lung cancer screening. Randomized trials have shown LDCT screening for lung cancer improves survival but with severe under-representation of NA due to financial and insurance constraints, geography and lack of access. They are over-represented in national statistics of presentation with advanced disease and lung cancer deaths. In our region, the Indian Health Service (IHS) has recorded less than 5% of eligible heavy smokers from the Catawba and other tribes have undergone LDCT lung screening. We previously reported that a free, mobile LDCT unit achieved a shift to earlier diagnosis in African Americans (AAs) and other under-served groups with improved 4 year survival and reduced costs of care (1).We adapted our initial trial to include a structured evaluation of efficacy and utility of mobile LDCT in heavy smokers in our NA population. We hypothesized that mobile LDCT would overcome key obstructions to lung cancer screening in NA. METHODS: We used a coach fitted with a portable 32 slice low-dose CT scanner; all films were reviewed by a central panel via the LUNGRADS protocol (1). Eligible subjects were invited to participate by IHS staff. Levine Cancer Institute committed to treat any identified cancers, irrespective of insurance status to avoid delay. Technical details of the unit have been reported (1). RESULTS: 91 heavy smokers have been screened, representing 60% participation rate, with the following characteristics: M:F=1:1; median age 61 years (44-77 years); 68% had some form of health insurance which did not cover lung cancer screening (termed "under-insured") and 32% were uninsured; 73% still smoking; median pack year history 48 (range 22-98). No lung cancers were identified but 10% had LUNGRADS 3-4 (moderate-high risk) lesions, 36% had LUNGRADS 2 lesions and 20% had scattered, non-diagnostic lung lesions; patients with LUNGRADS 4 lesions were offered biopsy to define whether cancer was present. All subjects have been recruited into ongoing follow up LDCT and smoking cessation programs. DISCUSSION: NA traditionally have had the highest level of advanced lung cancer at presentation with high mortality rate from lung cancer. We have increased participation in LDCT lung cancer screening from 5% to 60% of eligible heavy smokers, and have identified a unique sub-population of 10% with potentially premalignant disease that will require meticulous follow-up to achieve early diagnosis of lung cancer. Our previous studies in impoverished AAs and other under-served groups have identified a shift from 20% to 60% early stage cancer at diagnosis; similar benefits are expected in NAs. This is the first such study in NAs and suggests mobile LDCT should be considered by health services responsible for their care. Studies of the science of cancer in the under-served should also focus on pragmatic solutions with potential for early improvement in outcome. REFERENCES: 1. Raghavan D et al, The Oncologist, 2020, 25: e777-e781. Citation Format: Kia Dungan, Hollis Reed, Darcy Doege, Daniel Carrizosa, Melissa Wheeler, Derek Raghavan. Mobile low dose computerized tomographic (LDCT) scanning program identifies pre-malignant lung cancer lesions in a Native American population: A study of Indian Health Service and Levine Cancer Institute [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr C110.

Socioeconomic differences in health-related quality of life among cancer survivors and comparison with a cancer-free population: a PROFILES study.

This study investigates the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a cross-sectional cohort among cancer survivors and compares with cancer-free people. Survivors of colorectal, hematological, gynecological, prostate, thyroid cancer, and melanoma diagnosed 2000-2014 were identified in the PROFILES registry, and an age- and sex-matched cancer-free population were identified in the CentER panel. HRQoL, education, and comorbidity were self-reported. Street-level income and clinical factors were obtained from Statistics Netherlands and the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations of SEP (measured by education and income) and impaired HRQoL among cancer survivors and the cancer-free population, adjusting for age, sex, and time since diagnosis. We included 6693 cancer survivors and 565 cancer-free people. Cancer survivors with low versus medium SEP more frequently reported impaired HRQoL (odds ratio (OR) range for all HRQoL outcomes, 1.06-1.78 for short education and 0.94-1.56 for low income). Survivors with high compared to medium SEP reported impaired HRQoL less frequently (OR range for all HRQoL outcomes, 0.46-0.81 for short education and 0.60-0.84 for low income). The association between SEP and HRQoL was similar in the matched cancer-free population. Low SEP was associated with impaired HRQoL in both cancer survivors and cancer-free people. Targeted care is warranted for cancer survivors with impaired HRQoL, especially among those with low SEP.

Abstract 18157: Temporal Trends in Sex-Related Risk of Cardiac Events in Children With Congenital Long-QT Syndrome

Introduction: Unexplained male predominance during childhood until puberty is observed in long-QT syndrome (LQTS). As cardiac events in LQTS have been linked to the degree of physical activity, we hypothesized that the sex differential previously described may be attenuated by temporal trends in the level of activity in males and females with LQTS during childhood. Methods: The study population comprised 1,356 patients from the Rochester LQTS Registry with LQTS Types 1, 2, or 3 (genetically confirmed or retrospectively identified phenotype positive family members of a genotype positive subject) with follow-up from birth through 14 years. Based on their year of birth, patients were divided into 3 groups by vicennium: 1960-1979, 1980-1999, and 2000-2021. The primary endpoint was a CE defined as nonfatal cardiac arrest, unexplained sudden death, appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shock, or syncope. The age-related incidence of a first CE in each vicennium, with birth used as the time of origin, was determined by the Kaplan-Meier method. The hazard ratio (HR) of experiencing a first CE by sex was calculated using multivariate Cox-regression analysis. Results: In the 1960-1979 cohort the incidence of first CE at age 14 was 28% versus (vs) 14% in boys vs girls, respectively (p<0.001 for the overall difference during follow-up [Figure left panel]). This difference was attenuated in the 1980-1999 cohort as the incidence was 30% vs 25% in boys vs girls, respectively (p=0.150 for the overall difference during follow-up [Figure center panel]). In the 2000-2021 cohort, event rates were lower and the incidence of a CE was similar in both boys and girls (18%; Figure right panel). The HRs for boys vs girls were 2.31 (p<0.001), 1.07 (p=0.684), and 0.95 (p=0.880) in the first, second, and third vicennium, respectively. Conclusions: The strength of sex as a risk factor for cardiac events appears attenuated in contemporary populations of children with LQTS.

Protocol for validating an algorithm to identify neurocognitive disorders in Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging participants: an observational study

IntroductionIn population-based research, disease ascertainment algorithms can be as accurate as, and less costly than, performing supplementary clinical examinations on selected participants to confirm a diagnosis of a neurocognitive disorder...

7.I. Skills building seminar: Applying behavioural sciences to public health policy-making

Abstract The complexity of health issues, ranging from infectious diseases to chronic illnesses, calls for effective public health policies to improve health outcomes. Almost all public health strategies involve encouraging behaviour change. However, policy development and adoption often fail to consider the behaviour change principles that influence individuals’ decisions and actions related to health. This omission can lead to policies that are not feasible, acceptable, effective, sustainable, or equitable. Applying behaviour change principles in health policy development and adoption can lead to more effective policies that promote health behaviour change at the individual, community, and population levels. Examples of behaviour change principles include using evidence-based techniques to encourage healthy behaviours, addressing social determinants of health, and leveraging social networks. Also, communication between scientists and policy makers, including using effective communication tools such as policy briefs, plays an important role in informing political decision-making and creating impact for researchers. Incorporating behaviour change principles in health policy development and adoption require interdisciplinary collaboration, engagement with stakeholders, and attention to the cultural and social context. Aim This skills-building seminar seeks to contribute to capacity building in knowledge translation and evidence-informed decision-making in public health applying behavioural insights. More specifically, it will tackle two main questions: 1. What public health researchers need to know to impact policy? 2. How can using behaviour change principles in health policy help to bridge the implementation gap? Workshop structure This workshop will consist of two parts. In the first part, three presentations will set the scene. The first presentation will introduce the most recent advancements and future perspectives in applying behavioural insights and sciences to public health policy-making from the WHO perspective. The second presentation will highlight how behaviour change principles were used for the development and adoption of health policies in Canada. The third presentation will deal with behavioural insights for more effective communication between academics and policy makers, including a practical guide to develop effective and high-quality policy briefs. This will be followed by a reflections from representatives of academia/advisory bodies (Prof. Kim Lavoie, Co-Director, Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, Canada and Canada's COVID-19 Expert Advisory Panel) and WHO/Europe (Dr. Katrine Bach-Habersaat; Regional Advisor for Behavioural and Cultural Insights). Further to the reflection on the current knowledge base a structured interactive world-café methodology will be used to explore attendees’ opinions regarding the challenges and opportunities in public health policy-making to improve people's health and well-being. Key messages • Viewing policy development and adoption through the lens of behaviour change theory can help improve the effectiveness of policies and increase their impact. • By applying behaviour change principles, policymakers can better understand the motivations, barriers, and enablers of different stakeholders and tailor their policies accordingly.

A-006 Evaluation of the ADVIA Centaur NT-proBNPII Assay Vs Standard-of-care Natriuretic Peptide Testing in the Emergency Department

Abstract Background The Siemens Healthineers ADVIA Centaur® NT-proBNPII (PBNPII) assay* was developed for in vitro diagnostic use in the quantitative determination of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in human serum and plasma (EDTA and lithium heparin) using the ADVIA Centaur XP Immunoassay System. Siemens Healthineers performed a clinical study to evaluate the ADVIA Centaur XP PBNPII assay in an Emergency Department (ED) patient population. The study also involved collection of standard-of-care (SOC) natriuretic peptide (NP) results, either NT-proBNP or BNP. Objective To compare results from the ADVIA Centaur PBNPII assay in ED populations with SOC NP results and adjudicated diagnosis of heart failure. Methods 3128 subjects were enrolled from 30 ED sites. Blood was collected at time of enrollment for subsequent ADVIA Centaur PBNPII measurement; results from SOC NP testing were obtained from chart review. Available SOC testing was performed within 24 h of enrollment draw for all except four patients. Adjudication of acute HF (de novo or worsening) or non-acute HF was determined by an independent central adjudication panel of expert clinicians. Results Of the 3128 patients in the ED study, 1646 (52.6%) had an SOC BNP test performed, 1020 (32.6%) had an SOC NT-proBNP test performed, and 462 (14.8%) had neither. Agreement between the SOC NP results and PBNPII results was assessed based on concordance using cutoffs described in heart failure guidelines that include an indeterminate zone (1). For those tested with SOC NT-proBNP, there was 94.7% concordance, 5% partial concordance (indeterminate by one assay and positive or negative by the other), and 0.3% discordance. For those tested with SOC BNP, there was 73.8% concordance, 25.5% partial concordance, and 0.7% discordance. Agreement with adjudication was virtually identical for both the PBNPII assay and SOC PBNP at 63% concordance, 17% partial concordance, and 20% discordance. For those tested with SOC BNP, there was 63% concordance, 29.5% partial concordance, and 7.5% discordance, while in this same population the PBNPII assay had 67.8% concordance, 15.7% partial concordance, and 16.5% discordance. Conclusion Upon comparison of ADVIA Centaur PBNPII assay results to SOC NP testing in an ED population, Siemens Healthineers concludes that the ADVIA Centaur PBNPII assay performs similarly to commercial natriuretic peptide assays in routine use. These results agree with publications comparing diagnostic testing of NT-proBNP and BNP for suspected heart failure (2). *Disclaimer The products/features mentioned herein are not commercially available in all countries. Their future availability cannot be guaranteed.

Impact of concomitant gastroesophageal reflux disease symptomology on prognosis and pulmonary function of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Comorbid risk factors in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP) are poorly characterised. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is linked to interstitial lung diseases like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but its association and treatment in CHP is less understood. This study aims to understand the role and prevalence of GERD in CHP, plus the effect of GERD treatment on lung function and mortality. A tertiary referral centre panel was retrospectively reviewed for 214 patients diagnosed with CHP based on clinical history, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis, imaging and histopathology. GERD diagnostic criteria included symptomology, acid suppressive therapy use and diagnostic testing. CHP patients with GERD (n = 89) and without GERD (n = 125) were compared via descriptive statistical analysis. Pulmonary function, GERD diagnosis plus treatment and other comorbidities were evaluated against CHP outcomes. Respective differences between diagnosis and study termination dates in the GERD population versus without GERD for functional vital capacity (FVC) were - 1 L vs - 2.5 L, diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) were - 2 mL/min/mmHg versus - 1 mL/min/mmHg, per cent alive at the time of study 88% versus 81%, median date of survival 574.5 versus 850 and supplemental oxygen requirement 41% versus 37%. GERD prevalence was higher in CHP patients relative to the general population. No statistical significance was found between survival curves, oxygen requirement, smoking history, FVC, or DLCO. GERD could be a harmful comorbidity in CHP though may not necessarily affect survival or functional outcomes. This aligns with previous IPF studies, though remains controversial. Further research is needed regarding this association and treatment benefit.

Panel MCC-300 Sebagai Alat Pengontrol Mesin Pompa Distribusi Air Bersih di Spam Perumdam Tirta Madani Kota Serang

The Motor Control Center (MCC) Panel is a collection of components that become the control center in the operation of a three-phase electric motor with a larger capacity used as a clean water distribution pump machine. In this study has several objectives, including namely 1). Knowing the process of the Drinking Water Supply System (SPAM) in Perumdam Tirta Madani Serang City, 2). Knowing the working system of the MCC-300 Panel as a controller for the distribution machine at Perumdam Tirta Madani, Serang City, 3). Knowing how to maintain the MCC-300 Panel and clean water distribution machines at Perumdam Tirta Madani, Serang City. The methods used are observation, interviews, documentation and literature study. Prumdam Tirta Madani Serang City has several components in the clean water supply system, including raw water components, raw water transmission components, production unit components, and distribution unit components. In the working system the MCC-300 Panel consists of two blocks and there are other components contained in the panel. Then maintenance is carried out on the MCC-300 Panel and Distribution Machine, namely planned maintenance starting from cleaning to carrying out tests on components and machines using an electric meter.

Experimental assessment of the energy performance of microfluidic glazing components: The first results of a monitoring campaign carried out in an outdoor test facility

Microfluidic glazing is a newly developed, adaptive, transparent component characterized by micro-channels filled with a circulating liquid, functioning as a heat exchanger and controlling the heat transfer through a façade. The performance of this glazing depends on its design and operation on site. The aim of this study is to present the results of an in-situ performance evaluation of microfluidic glazing components obtained from an experimental campaign in outdoor test cells, and to explore their potential and limitations under realistic working conditions. A case study has been conducted in Turin, Italy, in which two small south-oriented triple glazing units, upgraded with different functional elements, including a laminated semi-transparent Perovskite solar cell and microfluidic glazing, have been investigated under different operating conditions. Overall, the experimental campaign has shown a reduction in the heat exchange through the façade of about 70%. Moreover, this technology allows the temperature in the Perovskite solar cell to be decreased by as much as 10 °C, and the central glazing temperature to be reduced by as much as 41 °C, when set as the central panel, thereby effectively decreasing the risk of thermal degradation or thermal shocks. A temperature difference of 12 °C and 16 °C was recorded, depending on the modules, between the inlet and outlet temperatures.

Cover Image

IUBMB LifeVolume 75, Issue 6 COVER IMAGEFree Access Cover Image First published: 02 May 2023 https://doi.org/10.1002/iub.2731AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Graphical Abstract On the Cover: Examples of the roles of proteases in prostate cancer development and progression. A simplified scheme of the roles of the major proteases discussed in this review is illustrated. The schematic representation of tumor growth and early steps of metastatic dissemination, shown in the center panel, include: 1) Proliferative and EMT signaling (interaction of cancer and stromal cells and inflammatory responses); 2) Cancer cell migration and invasion, involving ECM remodeling and signaling; 3) Stimulation of (lymph)angiogenesis and intravasation of invasive cancer cells, involving ECM remodeling, degradation of anti-angiogenic factors, production of angiogenic peptides and growth-factor activation; 4) Stromal cells, including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), are also involved in tumorigenic processes; 5) A small fraction of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) survive and eventually form distant metastases. These processes often involve autocrine-paracrine loops in the prostate cancer microenvironment, which due to simplicity have been omitted here by Koistinen et al.; Article first published: 04 Jan 2023; https://doi.org/10.1002/iub.2700 Volume75, Issue6June 2023 RelatedInformation

Clinical Usefulness of a Multiplex Molecular Panel for Central Nervous System Infection: An 11-Month Experience at a Tertiary Center in Korea

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the usefulness of the BiofireFilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis (FA ME) panel and identify factors associated with positive FA ME panel results. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 129 patients (45 children, 84 adults) with central nervous system infections and FA ME panel test results. We compared the results of the FA ME panel and the diagnostic yield between pediatric and adult patients with positive and negative FA ME panel results. Positive FA ME panel results were compared with conventional microbiological testing. Results: Forty-three patients (33.3%) had positive results on the FA ME panel. The detected pathogens were enterovirus (n=17, 39.5%), varicella zoster virus (n=10, 23.3%), herpes simplex virus-2 (n=2, 16.3%), herpes simplex virus-1 (n=2, 4.7%), human parechoviruses (n=2), Cryptococcus neoformans/gattii (n=2), Streptococcus agalactiae (n=1, 2.3%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=1), and Haemophilus influenzae (n=1). The time to detection of the FA ME panel (4.9±6.6 hours) was significantly shorter than that of conventional culture (77.4±48.2 hours) (P=0.005). Fever was more common in the positive FA ME group than in the negative FA ME group (81.4% vs. 41.9%) and in pediatric patients than in the adult patients (93.3% vs. 34.5%) (P<0.001 for both). The detection rate of the FA ME panel was higher in pediatric patients than in adult patients (55.8% vs. 22.6%, P<0.001). Conclusion: The FA ME panel improves the diagnostic rate in patients with suspected central nervous system infections, with potential favorable implications for the quality of management and prognosis.

Contrasting Impacts of Different Disturbance Types on Coral Reefs: Wave Disturbance vs. Coral Bleaching

Photo 1. Coral reef environments on the island of Moorea, French Polynesia following two different types of major disturbance events: (left) a large wave disturbance and (right) a coral bleaching event. The reef affected by the wave disturbance has relatively little structural complexity remaining on the reef, while the reef affected by bleaching retained high structural complexity in the form of dead coral skeletons. The center triangle depicts an undisturbed reef characterized by high cover of living coral. Photo credit: Kai L. Kopecky (left panel), Andrew Thurber (right and central panels). These photographs illustrate the article “Material legacies can degrade resilience: Structure-retaining disturbances promote regime shifts on coral reefs” by Kai L. Kopecky, Adrian C. Stier, Russell J. Schmitt, Sally J. Holbrook, Holly V. Moeller published in Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4006

Treatment of Acid Hydrolysis of a 1900 Large-Scale Composite Artwork by the Artist Roberto Sebastian Matta: Comparison between Traditional and Innovative Deacidifying Methodologies

This work was carried out for a master’s degree thesis concerning the conservation of a contemporary artwork made by the surrealist artist Roberto Sebastian Matta. The artwork is a large (one central panel 180.3 × 405.1 cm; two side panels 179.1 × 150.6 cm) triptych created in 1974 with pastels on tracing paper adhered onto canvas as a secondary support. After thoroughly studying the execution technique and conservation status of the artwork, several issues arose, including a strong acid hydrolysis of both the paper and canvas supports. We focused our intervention on deacidification treatments by comparing either traditional substances, such as calcium propionate in an alcoholic solution, or more innovative methods, such as a nanostructured calcium hydroxide in isopropyl alcoholic solution. Acid hydrolysis degradation was the most difficult issue to address because of the size of the artwork and for the different sensitivities to aqueous methods of the materials used to make the artwork. For the first time to our knowledge, we used an innovative deacidification method consisting of nanostructured calcium hydroxide particles. This intervention would allow the homogeneous atomization of the deacidifying agent in alcoholic solvents to be safe and effective for the work as a whole.

Light-Powered Reversible Guest Release and Uptake from Zn4L4 Capsules.

A strategy for light-powered guest release from a tetrahedral capsule has been developed by incorporating azobenzene units at its vertices. A new Zn4L4 tetrahedral capsule bearing 12 diazo moieties at its metal-ion vertices was prepared from a phenyldiazenyl-functionalized subcomponent and a central trialdehyde panel. Ultraviolet irradiation caused isomerization of the peripheral diazo groups from the thermodynamically preferred trans configuration to the cis form, thereby generating steric clash and resulting in cage disassembly and concomitant guest release. Visible-light irradiation drove cage re-assembly following re-isomerization of the diazo groups to the trans form, resulting in guest re-uptake. A detailed 19F NMR study elucidated how switching led to guest release: each metal vertex tolerated only one cis-azobenzene moiety, with further isomerization leading to cage disassembly.